CN114958797A - 突变型dna聚合酶、编码基因、重组表达载体、重组菌及其应用 - Google Patents
突变型dna聚合酶、编码基因、重组表达载体、重组菌及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种突变型DNA聚合酶、编码基因、重组表达载体、重组菌及其应用,属于分子生物学技术领域。本发明的突变型DNA聚合酶,通过在聚合酶结构域的基序I、基序II、基序III的至少两个基序中分别引入一个或多个氨基酸突变,显著提高了突变体酶的逆转录活性、扩增灵敏度和对血液的耐受性。实验结果表明,突变体M13、M14、M16、M17、M19、M20和M22的逆转录活性明显高于野生型Z05DNA聚合酶,逆转录反应时间缩短;同时,突变体M13、M14、M17、M19和M22能够扩增低拷贝RNA(101拷贝),有利于提高检测灵敏度;在血液耐受性方面,突变体M13、M17和M19的血液耐受性明显提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分子生物学技术领域,具体涉及一种突变型DNA聚合酶、编码基因、重组表达载体、重组菌及其应用。
背景技术
聚合酶链式反应(PCR)是一种用于放大扩增特定的DNA片段的分子生物学技术,不仅可用于基因分离、克隆、核酸序列分析等基础研究,还可用于疾病的诊断、测序等。PCR的基本原理是根据DNA双螺旋模型所建立的体细胞复制的机制以及双链DNA在体外复制的特点设计的,类似于DNA的天然复制过程,其特异性依赖于与靶序列两端互补的寡核苷酸引物。一般情况下,PCR由变性-退火-延伸三个基本反应步骤构成:①模板DNA的变性:模板DNA经加热或用变性剂处理一段时间后,双链DNA解离成单链,以便与引物结合,为下轮反应作准备;②模板DNA与引物的退火(复性):模板DNA变性成为单链后,降低温度至引物与模板DNA单链的互补序列配对结合,形成DNA模板-引物结合物;③引物的延伸:DNA模板-引物结合物在DNA聚合酶的作用下,按照碱基互补配对原则进行半保留复制,合成一条新的与模板DNA链互补的半保留复制链。重复循环上述变性-退火-延伸步骤,得到更多的DNA链,并作为下次循环的模板使用。
从上述反应过程可以看出,PCR至少需要模板DNA、引物、DNA聚合酶和dNTPs(dATP、dCTP、dGTP和dTTP)的参与,在聚合酶反应buffer存在的环境下进行扩增。其中,DNA聚合酶以dNTPs作为反应底物,沿模板DNA的3'→5'方向将对应的脱氧核苷酸连接到新合成的DNA链的3'端,使新合成的DNA链沿5'→3'方向延伸。这样一来新合成的DNA链除了与模板DNA链的序列互补外,也与模板DNA链的原配对链序列一致。已知的所有DNA聚合酶都是沿5'→3'方向合成DNA,因而只能将脱氧核苷酸加到已有的DNA的3'端羟基上。由此可知,DNA聚合酶除了需要模板作为序列指导,也必需引物来起始合成。
基于与大肠杆菌DNA聚合酶I、II、III的氨基酸序列相似性,在晶体结构分析的基础上,将不同的DNA聚合酶分为7个亚家族:A、B、C、D、E、F和RT。尽管A家族和B家族的DNA聚合酶在晶体结构分析中揭示出核苷酸结合位点的共同结构核心,但是在家族内良好保守的序列基序在家族之间也仅微弱地保守。已知A家族的DNA聚合酶包括T7DNA聚合酶、Taq DNA聚合酶、Bst DNA聚合酶、Tth DNA聚合酶、Z05 DNA聚合酶等。Z05 DNA聚合酶在美国专利US5455170A(罗氏)中首次公开,其源自嗜热细菌Thermus species Z05(TZ05),编码834个氨基酸,编码基因全长为2502bp,分子量为94kDa。Z05 DNA聚合酶具有5'→3'聚合酶活性和5'→3'核酸外切酶活性,还具有逆转录活性,但是缺乏3'→5'核酸外切酶活性。为了提高聚合酶活性和逆转录活性,中国专利CN101528919B(罗氏)公开了一种突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶,其在聚合酶结构域中包含以下基序:T-G-R-L-S-S-Xb7-Xb8-P-N-L-Q-N,其中,Xb7是氨基酸S,Xb8是选自G、T、R、K或L的氨基酸;实验结果表明,在野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶中引入D580G/K/L/R/T突变可以提高聚合酶活性(参见表12),且D580G/K突变体的逆转录活性显著提升(参见表13-14)。中国专利CN110023493A(东洋纺)公开了一种突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶,改变了选自第509位、第744位中至少一个位点的氨基酸,改变是将其置换为组氨酸、精氨酸或赖氨酸中的任意一种;实验结果表明,与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶相比,Q509K/R或E744K/R突变体的扩增速率增加,对血液的耐受性增强(参见表3-5),但是实验中未验证突变体酶的逆转录活性,仅验证了同属于A家族的Tth DNA聚合酶突变体(Q509R或E744K)的逆转录反应(扩增β-肌动蛋白)可以在5分钟甚至1分钟以下完成。中国专利CN103987843B(罗氏)还公开了一种突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶,对应于野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶中第616位的氨基酸为蛋氨酸(M),和/或对应于野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶中第580位的氨基酸为甘氨酸(G);实验结果表明,与D580G/I709K亲本酶相比,突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶(D580G/I709K/I616M)能够更有效地扩增目标RNA,且不损害对目标DNA的扩增效率。因此,为了进一步提升Z05 DNA聚合酶的性能,有必要设计新的突变组合以同时提高突变体酶的逆转录活性、扩增灵敏度和对血液的耐受性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种突变型DNA聚合酶,以提高酶的逆转录活性、扩增灵敏度和对血液的耐受性。
其次,本发明提供一种编辑突变型DNA聚合酶的基因。
再次,本发明提供一种包含上述编辑突变型DNA聚合酶的基因的重组表达载体。
同时,本发明提供一种包含上述重组表达载体的重组菌。
最后,本发明提供一种突变型DNA聚合酶在制备检测试剂盒中的应用。
为了实现以上目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种突变型DNA聚合酶,其在聚合酶结构域中至少包含以下基序:
基序I:E-X11-E-V-F-R-L-A-G-H-P-F-N-L-N-S-R-D-Q-L-E-R-V-L-F-D-E-L-R-L-P-A-X12-G-K-T-X13-K,其中,X11是谷氨酸(E)或脂肪族类氨基酸,X12是亮氨酸(L)或碱性氨基酸,X13是谷氨酰胺(Q)或碱性氨基酸;
基序II:L-S-S-S-X21-P-N-L-X22-X23-I-P-I-R-T,其中,X21是天冬氨酸(D)或碱性氨基酸,X22是谷氨酰胺(Q)或碱性氨基酸,X23是天冬酰胺(N)或脂肪族类氨基酸;
基序III:S-Q-X31-L-A-I-P-Y-X32-E-A-V-A-F-X33-E-R-Y-F-Q,其中,X31是谷氨酸(E)或芳香族类氨基酸,X32是谷氨酸(E)或碱性氨基酸,X33是异亮氨酸(I)或含硫类氨基酸;
所述基序I、基序II、基序III的至少两个基序中,分别存在至少一个氨基酸突变;
所述DNA聚合酶为Z05 DNA聚合酶。
所述野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。所述基序I中,X11对应氨基酸序列的第474位氨基酸,X12对应氨基酸序列的第505位氨基酸,X13对应氨基酸序列的第509位氨基酸。所述基序II中,X21对应氨基酸序列的第580位氨基酸,X22对应氨基酸序列的第584位氨基酸,X23对应氨基酸序列的第585位氨基酸。所述基序III中,X31对应氨基酸序列的第683位氨基酸,X32对应氨基酸序列的第689位氨基酸,X33对应氨基酸序列的第695位氨基酸。在SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列中,上述特定位置处的一个或多个氨基酸发生突变,所述突变是通过置换为其他氨基酸而发生改变。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型DNA聚合酶为突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶,突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列具有与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列90%以上的同源性。也就是说,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶除了在基序I、基序II、基序III的特定位置处存在一个或多个氨基酸突变外,在其他位置处也可以存在氨基酸突变和/或缺失。例如,为了降低或去除酶的5'→3'核酸外切酶活性,去除N末端的多个氨基酸;或者,为了终止低温下的反应,将氨基酸序列中第710位谷氨酸(E)突变为其他氨基酸。进一步优选地,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列具有与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列96%以上的同源性。更进一步优选地,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶中,仅在基序1、基序2、基序3的特定位置处的一个或多个氨基酸发生突变,其他位置处的氨基酸均不发生突变。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述脂肪族类氨基酸选自甘氨酸(G)、丙氨酸(A)、缬氨酸(V)、亮氨酸(L)、异亮氨酸(I)中的任意一种。进一步优选为甘氨酸(G)或亮氨酸(L)。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述碱性氨基酸选自精氨酸(R)、赖氨酸(K)、组氨酸(H)中的任意一种。进一步优选为精氨酸(R)或赖氨酸(K)。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述芳香族类氨基酸选自苯丙氨酸(F)、酪氨酸(Y)、色氨酸(W)中的任意一种。进一步优选为酪氨酸(Y)。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述含硫类氨基酸选自半胱氨酸(C)、蛋氨酸(M)中的任意一种。进一步优选为蛋氨酸(M)。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X11是谷氨酸(E)或亮氨酸(L),X12是亮氨酸(L)或精氨酸(R),X13是谷氨酰胺(Q)或精氨酸(R)。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序II中,X21是天冬氨酸(D)或赖氨酸(K),X22是谷氨酰胺(Q)或赖氨酸(K),X23是天冬酰胺(N)或甘氨酸(G)。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序III中,X31是谷氨酸(E)或酪氨酸(Y),X32是谷氨酸(E)或精氨酸(R),X33是异亮氨酸(I)或蛋氨酸(M)。
作为一种优选的实施方案,突变型DNA聚合酶,其在聚合酶结构域中至少包含以下基序:
基序I:E-E-E-V-F-R-L-A-G-H-P-F-N-L-N-S-R-D-Q-L-E-R-V-L-F-D-E-L-R-L-P-A-X12-G-K-T-X13-K,其中,X12是亮氨酸(L)或碱性氨基酸,X13是谷氨酰胺(Q)或碱性氨基酸;
基序II:L-S-S-S-X21-P-N-L-X22-N-I-P-I-R-T,其中,X21是天冬氨酸(D)或碱性氨基酸,X22是谷氨酰胺(Q)或碱性氨基酸;
基序III:S-Q-X31-L-A-I-P-Y-E-E-A-V-A-F-I-E-R-Y-F-Q,其中,X31是谷氨酸(E)或芳香族类氨基酸;
所述基序I、基序II、基序III的至少两个基序中,分别存在至少一个氨基酸突变;
所述DNA聚合酶为Z05 DNA聚合酶。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X13是精氨酸(R),X12不发生突变;基序II中,X21是赖氨酸(K),X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31不发生突变,即为Q509R/D580K突变体M13。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X12、X13均不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸(K),X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸(Y),即为Q584K/E683Y突变体M14。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X12是精氨酸(R),X13不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸(K),X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31不发生突变,即为L505R/Q584K突变体M15。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X12是精氨酸(R),X13不发生突变;基序II中,X21、X22均不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸(Y),即为L505R/E683Y突变体M16。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X12是精氨酸(R),X13是精氨酸(R);基序II中,X21是赖氨酸(K),X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31不发生突变,即为L505R/Q509R/D580K突变体M17。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X13是精氨酸(R),X12不发生突变;基序II中,X21是赖氨酸(K),X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸(Y),即为Q509R/D580K/E683Y突变体M18。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X13是精氨酸(R),X12不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸(K),X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸(Y),即为Q509R/Q584K/E683Y突变体M19。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X12是精氨酸(R),X13不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸(K),X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸(Y),即为L505R/Q584K/E683Y突变体M20。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X12是精氨酸(R),X13是精氨酸(R);基序II中,X21、X22均不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸(Y),即为L505R/Q509R/E683Y突变体M21。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X12是精氨酸(R),X13不发生突变;基序II中,X21是赖氨酸(K),X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸(Y),即为L505R/D580K/E683Y突变体M22。
作为一种优选的实施方案,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶可以包括其他非取代修饰。例如,热可逆失活的化学修饰,修饰后的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶在低温下丧失聚合酶活性,但是在高温下化学修饰被破坏,聚合酶活性被重新激活,从而适用于热启动PCR反应。进一步优选地,所述热可逆失活的化学修饰的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶由突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶与具有式(1)或式(2)通式的二羧酸酐在碱性pH值和低于25℃的条件下反应制成(参见专利CN1282741C,罗氏):
式I中,R1、R2选自氢或有机基团,它们可以相连;
式II中,R1、R2选自有机基团,它们可以相连,且氢是顺式的。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶可以与Sso7d、PCNA融合,或者与蛋白质标签如His标签、GST标签等融合,得到具有改进的酶活性的融合蛋白。
一种突变型DNA聚合酶的制备方法,包括:向编码野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基因中导入突变,然后利用蛋白质工程方法制备具有改进性能的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述导入突变可以使用基于SOE PCR(重叠延伸PCR)技术的定点突变法,该方法采用具有互补末端的引物,使PCR产物形成重叠链,在随后的扩增反应中通过重叠链的延伸,将不同来源的扩增片段重叠拼接起来。其中,重叠互补引物的设计是重叠延伸PCR技术成功的关键,相连引物间的重叠区域以15-20个碱基为宜,重叠区域中尽量避免富含AT的序列,因为在接头区富含AT的区域极易发生错配。同时,考虑到DNA聚合酶的扩增效率和错配率,每一轮反应的循环数控制在20-25个为宜。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述导入突变可以使用基于Inverse PCR技术的定点突变法。例如,使用KOD-Plus-Mutagenesis Kit(Toyobo),以质粒为模板,使用反向引物进行PCR,对质粒全长进行扩增,通过添加置换序列的引物,导入特定位置处的突变。具体的,包括以下步骤:(1)使插入有目标基因的质粒变性,使突变引物与该质粒退火,然后使用KODDNA聚合酶进行延伸反应;(2)将步骤(1)循环重复进行15次;(3)使用限制性内切酶DpnI对模板质粒进行选择性切割;(4)对重新合成的基因进行磷酸化,连接后使其环化;(5)将环化的基因转化至宿主细胞如大肠杆菌中,由此得到携带导入了目标突变的质粒的转化体。
作为一种优选的实施方式,突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶、或者仅含有上述特定位置处的一个氨基酸突变的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶相比,逆转录活性显著增加,逆转录反应时间明显缩短。例如,可以在5分钟,优选在3分钟,甚至在1分钟以下完成逆转录反应。例如,可以通过实时RT-PCR反应检测从pSP64 poly(A)(Promega)的HCV基因型Ib 5'NTR的前800个碱基生成的丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)转录产物确定逆转录活性(参见专利CN103987843B,罗氏)。与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶、或者仅含有上述特定位置处的一个氨基酸突变的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶相比,在基序I、基序II、基序III的至少两个基序中分别存在至少一个氨基酸突变的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶将以更高的效率扩增转录产物,或者将需要更小的PCR循环数来扩增转录产物(即表现出更低的Ct值)。并且,突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶对血液的耐受性增强,例如,耐受10μL血浆/25μL反应体系。同时,具有改进的逆转录活性的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶也具有改进的长链RNA模板复制能力。
一种编码上述突变型DNA聚合酶的基因。具体的,编码上述突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶L505R/Q584K、L505R/E683Y、Q509R/D580K、Q584K/E683Y、L505R/Q509R/D580K、L505R/Q509R/E683Y、L505R/D580K/E683Y、L505R/Q584K/E683Y、Q509R/D580K/E683Y、Q509R/Q584K/E683Y的基因。
一种包含上述编码突变型DNA聚合酶的基因的重组表达载体。具体的,所述重组表达载体的制备方法为:将编码突变型DNA聚合酶的基因导入表达载体中,筛选得到重组表达载体。
一种包含上述重组表达载体的重组菌。具体的,所述重组菌的制备方法为:将包含编码突变型DNA聚合酶的基因的重组表达载体转化至宿主菌中,筛选得到重组菌。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述重组菌的制备可以包括以下步骤:将重组表达载体转化宿主如大肠杆菌,然后涂布于包含氨苄青霉素等药剂的琼脂培养基上,形成菌落后将菌落接种到如LB培养基、2×YT培养基上,在37℃下培养12-20小时后,将菌体破碎(例如采用超声波处理、弗氏压碎器、玻璃珠破碎等物理破碎法,或者用溶菌酶裂解),提取得到粗酶液;对粗酶液进行热处理(例如在80℃下处理30分钟),之后使用PEI去除核酸,采用硫酸铵沉淀法去除部分杂蛋白,回收DNA聚合酶级分,然后使用Sephadex G-25凝胶过滤等方法进行脱盐,之后用肝素琼脂糖柱进行分离纯化,得到纯化酶样品。
一种突变型DNA聚合酶在制备检测试剂盒中的应用。具体的,所述检测试剂盒可以实施核酸扩增的方法,包括:在适于引物延伸的条件下,将上述突变型DNA聚合酶与引物、多核苷酸模板(即靶核酸)、核苷三磷酸接触,从而产生延伸产物。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述多核苷酸模板可以是RNA模板或DNA模板。所述多核苷酸模板可以来自任意类型的生物样品。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述核苷三磷酸包括常规的脱氧核糖核苷三磷酸(如dATP、dGTP、dTTP、dCTP和dUTP)以及非常规的核糖核苷酸或标记的核苷酸。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述引物或多核苷酸模板可以包含一个或多个核苷酸类似物。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述核酸扩增方法可以采用常规的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、等温扩增反应(如MDA、HDA、SDA、LAMP等)、测序反应(如Illumina测序、Sanger测序、454测序反应)等。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述适于引物延伸的条件包含Mg2+和/或Mn2+,以及适于突变型DNA聚合酶发挥最佳的5'→3'聚合酶活性的温度、pH值等。在所述核酸扩增的方法中,扩增的温度、时间、循环数等条件可以根据待扩增的多核苷酸模板的种类/长度、碱基序列等确定。
一种检测试剂盒,包括:至少一个容器,所述容器中包含上述突变型DNA聚合酶。
作为一种优选的实施方式,所述检测试剂盒还可以包括以下一个或多个容器:
(a)包含在适于引物延伸的条件下与预定的多核苷酸模板杂交的引物的容器;
(b)包含核苷三磷酸的容器;
(c)包含适于引物延伸的缓冲溶液的容器。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供了一种突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶,通过在聚合酶结构域的基序I、基序II、基序III的至少两个基序中分别引入一个或多个氨基酸突变,可以显著提高突变体酶的逆转录活性、扩增灵敏度和对血液的耐受性。实验结果表明,与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶相比,突变体M13、M14、M16、M17、M19、M20和M22的逆转录活性明显提升,逆转录反应时间缩短;同时,突变体M13、M14、M17、M19和M22能够扩增低拷贝RNA(101拷贝),尤其是突变体M13、M17、M19和M22扩增低拷贝RNA的能力更强(扩增100拷贝),有利于提高检测灵敏度;在血液耐受性方面,突变体M13、M17和M19的血液耐受性较好,尤其是突变体M17和M19能够耐受10μL血浆/25μL反应体系。
本发明还提供了编辑突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基因、重组表达载体和重组菌,以及突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶或热可逆失活的化学修饰的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶在制备检测试剂盒中的应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实验例1中突变体酶的RT-PCR结果;
图2为本发明的实验例2中突变体酶的逆转录活性检测结果。
具体实施方式
下述实施例仅对本发明作进一步详细说明,但不构成对本发明的任何限制。
为了方便理解本发明的技术方案,以下定义一些术语。
术语“基因”是指含有生成可回收的生物活性多肽或前体所必需的控制和编码序列的DNA序列。
术语“野生型”是指天然来源分离的基因或基因产物,该术语也指通过分子生物学技术制备的重组形式的天然蛋白,其氨基酸序列与天然蛋白的相同。
术语“突变型”是指核苷酸序列已经发生改变的基因或其氨基酸序列已经发生改变的基因产物,产生的基因产物具有与天然或野生型基因或基因产物不同的功能特性。
术语“突变”是指单个氨基酸取代,点突变优选通过编码DNA中合适的密码子的改变引入氨基酸序列。氨基酸位置根据蛋白的全长序列编号,含有突变的区域来自该全长序列。DNA序列中核苷酸和点突变的表示与之类似。
术语“引物”是指天然或合成的寡核苷酸,当置于起始引物延伸的条件下时,它能作为合成的起始点。引物优选为单链脱氧核糖核苷酸,引物的合适长度取决于引物的预定用途。引物无需反应模板的确切序列,但必需足够互补,从而与多核苷酸模板杂交。
术语“扩增反应体系”是指含有用于扩增多核苷酸模板的各种试剂的含水溶液,所述试剂包括多核苷酸模板、酶、引物、盐、核苷三磷酸和含水缓冲液。在不同情况下,扩增反应体系可以是完整或者不完整的反应体系。发明中的扩增反应主要是聚合酶链式反应(PCR),扩增反应体系也指PCR体系或PCR混合物。扩增反应体系可以包括在偶联逆转录/扩增反应中用于扩增RNA的反应体系。
术语“逆转录反应体系”是指含有用于逆转录靶RNA的各种试剂的含水溶液,所述试剂包括RNA模板,酶、引物、盐、核苷三磷酸和含水缓冲液。在不同情况下,逆转录反应体系可以是完整或者不完整的反应体系。
术语“缓冲液(buffer)”是指含有缓冲剂或缓冲混合物的溶液,可选地含有二价阳离子和单价阳离子。
在发明中,涉及的分子生物学和核酸化学的常规技术均为现有技术,在文献中都有详细的介绍。参见《分子克隆实验指南》,Sambrook et al.,1989;《OligonucleotideSynthesis》,M.J.Gait et al.,1984;《Nudeic Acid Hybridization》,B.D.Hames和S.J.Higgins,1984;《Basic Methods in Molecular Biology》,Elsevier;《CurrentProtocols in Molecular Biology》,John Wiley和Sons;《Methods in Enzymology》,美国学术出版社。
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步地详细描述。需要说明的是:以下实施例的详细描述仅用于示例性地说明本发明的技术方案,不用于限制本发明的保护范围,即本发明不限于实施例所描述的具体实施方式,尤其在不脱离本发明精神的前提下覆盖原料、手段的任何修改、替换和改进。在不冲突的情况下,实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。以下实施例、对比例和实验例中所用原料、仪器等均为市售商品。
实施例1
本实施例的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶(L505R/E683Y,即突变体M16,氨基酸序列如SEQID NO:32所示),制备步骤如下:
(1)重组菌株的构建
①获得目的基因
以生工合成的含野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶的基因(如SEQ ID NO:2所示)的质粒为模板,分别用引物对NZ-F/EZ-R、Z2-R/Z2-F、Z8-R/Z8-F(参见表4)进行PCR扩增,扩增反应体系如下表1所示。PCR程序为:首先进行95℃、5min的预反应,之后将95℃、15s→65℃、15s→72℃,1kb/min重复进行30个循环,获得带有突变位点的目的基因小片段,之后再以这些小片段按照摩尔比1:1:1作为模板,用引物对NZ-F/EZ-R进行overlap PCR(反应体系和程序如上),获得带有相应突变位点的目的基因。
引物对NZ-F/EZ-R的序列如下:
NZ-F:5'-GGAATTCCATATGAAAGCGATGCTGCCACTCTTCG-3'(SEQ ID NO:3);
EZ-R:5'-CGGAATTCTTAGCCCTTCGCGCTGAGCCAGTC-3'(SEQ ID NO:4)。
表1 扩增反应体系
组分 | 加入量μL |
模板DNA | 0.5 |
10μM引物F | 1 |
10μM引物R | 1 |
PrimeSTAR | 0.5 |
dNTP(10mM) | 1 |
10×PS buffer | 10 |
水 | 36 |
②酶切连接
将扩增得到的带有突变位点的目的基因序列和表达载体pET-30a分别用限制性内切酶NdeI和EcoRI在37℃酶切2h,之后回收得到酶切片段,再使用T4 DNA ligase将其连接,16℃连接2h即可进行转化。
③转化
将连接产物转化表达宿主BL21(DE3),涂布平板并通过菌落PCR筛选得到合适的阳性克隆,测序获得含有相应突变位点的重组菌株。PCR筛选体系如下表2所示,分装14μL一管并加入1μL菌液进行检测,程序选择为:首先进行95℃、5min的预反应,之后将95℃、30s→65℃、30s→72℃、2min50s重复进行28个循环,反应结束后进行琼脂糖凝胶检测,筛选出阳性克隆。
表2 PCR筛选体系
(2)重组蛋白的表达与纯化
将测序正确的重组菌株接种用于发酵制备菌体。按照1%的接种量接种于LB培养基中,37℃振荡培养至OD600=0.6-0.8时,加入1mM IPTG诱导后继续培养4h,收集菌体。
用50mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.5)、0.3M NaCl、1mM EDTA、1mM DTT缓冲液重悬菌体,之后利用超声波处理破碎细胞,离心收集上清液;然后使用PEI去除核酸,硫酸铵沉淀除去部分杂蛋白,得到粗样品;粗样品依次经过Butyl层析柱、Q层析柱、SP层析柱、heparin层析柱进行纯化,得到合格的聚合酶样品用于突变体的筛选。
实施例2
按照与实施例1相同的方法,分别构建如下表3所示的突变体,各突变位点对应的引物如下表4所示,引物分别对应序列表中SEQ ID NO:5-28。
表3 构建的Z05 DNA聚合酶突变体
突变体命名 | 突变位点 |
M1 | E474L |
M2 | L505R |
M3 | Q509R |
M4 | D580K |
M5 | Q584K |
M6 | N585G |
M7 | I616M |
M8 | E683Y |
M9 | E689R |
M10 | I695M |
M11 | I709K |
M12 | E744K |
M13 | Q509R/D580K |
M14 | Q584K/E683Y |
M15 | L505R/Q584K |
M16 | L505R/E683Y |
M17 | L505R/Q509R/D580K |
M18 | Q509R/D580K/E683Y |
M19 | Q509R/Q584K/E683Y |
M20 | L505R/Q584K/E683Y |
M21 | L505R/Q509R/E683Y |
M22 | L505R/D580K/E683Y |
表4 各突变位点对应的引物
实验例1
逆转录/扩增效率检测:使用实施例1制备的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶,实施从RNA开始的一步法RT-PCR,以检验突变效果。使用Tth DNA polymerase(Roche)附带的反应缓冲液,以MS2 RNA(Roche,800ng/μL)为模板,用探针法进行检测,以对比野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶与各突变体之间的差异,反应体系如表5所示。反应程序为:首先通过60℃、5min进行逆转录反应,再进行95℃、5min的预反应、将95℃、15s和60℃、30s重复进行50个循环,使用荧光定量PCR仪进行实时扩增。
表5 RT-PCR反应体系
引物对RT1F/RT1R、探针RT1的序列如下:
RT1F:5'-GGTTCACCTTCAAGAGTTTC-3'(SEQ ID NO:29);
RT1R:5'-TCCTGACATGTAGGAGCATC-3'(SEQ ID NO:30);
RT1:5'-TGAGAGCCGTACGTCAGGTCG-3'(SEQ ID NO:31)。
根据实验设计,首先进行单点突变效果检测,对比分析结果如下表6所示。
表6 单点突变的实验结果
突变体命名 | 突变位点 | 突变意义 |
M1 | 474 | - |
M2 | 505 | + |
M3 | 509 | + |
M4 | 580 | ++ |
M5 | 584 | + |
M6 | 585 | - |
M7 | 616 | - |
M8 | 683 | ++ |
M9 | 689 | - |
M10 | 695 | - |
M11 | 709 | - |
M12 | 744 | = |
注:“+”表示正向突变,可以提高RT-PCR反应效率,“++”提升效果优于“+”;“-”表示反向突变,会降低RT-PCR反应效率;“=”表示没有效果,和野生型酶效果一致。
从表6可以看出,大多数突变具有正向意义。然后,根据单点突变的结果进行多点突变的组合,以进一步提升突变效果,实验结果如图1所示。
从图1中可以看出,大多数组合突变的效果都优于野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶和单点突变的Z05 DNA聚合酶,其中突变体M13、M14、M16、M17、M19、M20和M22的效果最好,后续将以这7个突变体为对象研究其逆转录活性、血浆耐受性和低拷贝模板的扩增能力等性能。
实验例2
逆转录活性检测:使用Tth DNA polymerase(Roche)附带的RT-PCR反应缓冲液,以MS2 RNA(Roche,800ng/μL)为模板,对野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶和突变体M13、M14、M16、M17、M19、M20、M22进行逆转录活性检测,反应体系如下表7所示,反应程度为:先在60℃反应5min进行逆转录,然后以cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增以检测模板拷贝数的高低,从而判定逆转录活性的高低。
表7 逆转录反应体系
组分 | 加入量μL |
MS2 RNA | 0.5 |
10μM RT1F | 0.75 |
10μM RT1R | 0.75 |
酶(0.01mg/mL) | 2 |
dNTPs(各10mM) | 1 |
5×RT-PCR buffer | 5 |
25mM MnOAc | 2.5 |
水 | 12.5 |
PCR扩增体系如下表8所示,此反应体系中应该使用没有逆转录活性的DNA聚合酶,以排除剩余RNA的干扰,综合分析后选用PrimeSTAR作为扩增酶进行检测。PCR程序为:首先进行95℃、5min的预反应,之后将95℃、15s和60℃、30s重复进行40个循环,用荧光PCR仪进行实时检测,分析结果汇总如图2所示。
表8 PCR扩增反应体系
组分 | 加入量μL |
模板cDNA | 2 |
10μM RT1F | 1 |
10μM RT1R | 1 |
25×SYBR Green | 0.5 |
PrimeSTAR | 0.5 |
dNTPs(各10mM) | 0.5 |
10×PCR buffer | 2.5 |
MgCl<sub>2</sub>(0.1M) | 0.25 |
水 | 16.75 |
从图2中可以看出,各突变体的逆转录活性均有提升,其中组合突变的效果优于野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶和单点突变的Z05 DNA聚合酶。
对比实验例1和实验例2的结果可以看出,逆转录活性的检测结果和RT-PCR结果基本一致,所以可以推断出RT-PCR反应的Ct值降低是逆转录活性提升导致的。
实验例3
低拷贝模板RNA扩增能力检测:为了检测低拷贝RNA扩增能力,将各个突变体用于扩增不同拷贝数的RNA,以观察扩增结果。反应体系和程序如实验例1所示,25μL反应体系中RNA拷贝数分别达到105、104、103、102、101和100,结果如下表9所示。
表9 突变体对低拷贝RNA扩增能力
注:“/”表示未检出。
从表9中可以看出,突变体M13、M14、M17、M19和M22均能够用于扩增低拷贝RNA,尤其是突变体M13、M17、M19和M22,扩增低拷贝RNA的能力更强。
实验例4
血浆耐受性检测:通过向反应体系中直接添加不同量的血浆来检测突变体的血浆耐受性,RT-PCR反应体系和程序如实验例1所示,分别向25μL反应体系中加入0、1μL、3μL、5μL、7.5μL和10μL血浆来检测各个突变体的耐受性。实时扩增结果汇总如下表10所示。
表10 突变体的血浆耐受性
血浆加入量 | WT | M13 | M17 | M19 | M22 |
0μL | 22.66 | 19.58 | 15.51 | 16.06 | 21.38 |
1μL | 40.87 | 36.22 | 34.86 | 35.18 | 38.22 |
3μL | / | 40.37 | 35.31 | 34.56 | 40.37 |
5μL | / | 42.53 | 35.45 | 37.23 | / |
7.5μL | / | / | 36.17 | 36.64 | / |
10μL | / | / | 43.28 | 44.03 | / |
注:“/”表示未检出。
从表10中可以看出,选择的4个突变体均有一定程度的血浆耐受性,其中突变体M13、M17和M19的血浆耐受性较好,尤其是突变体M17和M19能够耐受10μL血浆/25μL反应体系。
通过以上实施例和实验例可以看出,本发明的突变型Z05 DNA聚合酶,通过在聚合酶结构域的基序I、基序II、基序III的至少两个基序中分别引入一个或多个氨基酸突变,显著提高了突变体酶的逆转录活性、扩增灵敏度和对血液的耐受性。实验结果表明,突变体M13、M14、M16、M17、M19、M20和M22的逆转录活性明显高于野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶;同时,突变体M13、M14、M17、M19和M22能够用于扩增低拷贝RNA(101拷贝),尤其是突变体M13、M17、M19和M22扩增低拷贝RNA的能力较强(扩增100拷贝),有利于提高检测灵敏度;在血液耐受性方面,突变体M13、M17和M19的血液耐受性较好,尤其是突变体M17和M19能够耐受10μL血浆/25μL反应体系。
以上仅为本发明的具体实施例,并不限制本发明的保护范围。在不脱离本发明的技术构思的前提下,对本领域的技术人员来说,本发明的实施方式可以有多种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。
序列表
<110> 郑州思昆生物工程有限公司
<120> 突变型DNA聚合酶、编码基因、重组表达载体、重组菌及其应用
<160> 32
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 834
<212> PRT
<213> Thermus species Z05
<400> 1
Met Leu Ala Met Leu Pro Leu Pro Gly Pro Leu Gly Ala Val Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Val Ala Gly His His Leu Ala Thr Ala Thr Pro Pro Ala Leu Leu Gly
20 25 30
Leu Thr Thr Ser Ala Gly Gly Pro Val Gly Ala Val Thr Gly Pro Ala
35 40 45
Leu Ser Leu Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Gly Ala Gly Thr Leu Ala Val Pro
50 55 60
Val Val Pro Ala Ala Leu Ala Pro Ser Pro Ala His Gly Ala Thr Gly
65 70 75 80
Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly Ala Ala Pro Thr Pro Gly Ala Pro Pro Ala Gly
85 90 95
Leu Ala Leu Ile Leu Gly Leu Val Ala Leu Leu Gly Pro Thr Ala Leu
100 105 110
Gly Val Pro Gly Pro Gly Ala Ala Ala Val Leu Ala Thr Leu Ala Leu
115 120 125
Leu Ala Gly Ala Gly Gly Thr Gly Val Ala Ile Leu Thr Ala Ala Ala
130 135 140
Ala Leu Thr Gly Leu Val Ser Ala Ala Val Ala Val Leu His Pro Gly
145 150 155 160
Gly His Leu Ile Thr Pro Gly Thr Leu Thr Gly Leu Thr Gly Leu Leu
165 170 175
Pro Gly Gly Thr Val Ala Pro Ala Ala Leu Val Gly Ala Pro Ser Ala
180 185 190
Ala Leu Pro Gly Val Leu Gly Ile Gly Gly Leu Thr Ala Leu Leu Leu
195 200 205
Leu Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser Leu Gly Ala Ile Leu Leu Ala Leu Ala Ala
210 215 220
Val Leu Pro Gly Ser Val Ala Gly Ala Ile Leu Ala His Leu Gly Ala
225 230 235 240
Leu Leu Leu Ser Leu Gly Leu Ser Ala Val Ala Ser Ala Leu Pro Leu
245 250 255
Gly Val Ala Pro Ala Ala Ala Ala Gly Pro Ala Ala Gly Gly Leu Ala
260 265 270
Ala Pro Leu Gly Ala Leu Gly Pro Gly Ser Leu Leu His Gly Pro Gly
275 280 285
Leu Leu Gly Ala Pro Ala Pro Leu Gly Gly Ala Pro Thr Pro Pro Pro
290 295 300
Gly Gly Ala Pro Val Gly Pro Val Leu Ser Ala Pro Gly Pro Met Thr
305 310 315 320
Ala Gly Leu Leu Ala Leu Ala Ala Cys Leu Gly Gly Ala Val His Ala
325 330 335
Ala Leu Ala Pro Leu Ala Gly Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Gly Val Ala Gly
340 345 350
Leu Leu Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Val Leu Ala Leu Ala Gly Gly Leu Ala
355 360 365
Leu Ala Pro Ser Ala Ala Pro Met Leu Leu Ala Thr Leu Leu Ala Pro
370 375 380
Ser Ala Thr Thr Pro Gly Gly Val Ala Ala Ala Thr Gly Gly Gly Thr
385 390 395 400
Thr Gly Ala Ala Ala His Ala Ala Leu Leu Ala Gly Ala Leu Gly Gly
405 410 415
Ala Leu Leu Gly Ala Leu Leu Gly Gly Gly Leu Leu Leu Thr Leu Thr
420 425 430
Gly Gly Val Gly Leu Pro Leu Ser Ala Val Leu Ala His Met Gly Ala
435 440 445
Thr Gly Val Ala Leu Ala Val Ala Thr Leu Leu Ala Leu Ser Leu Gly
450 455 460
Leu Ala Gly Gly Ile Ala Ala Leu Gly Gly Gly Val Pro Ala Leu Ala
465 470 475 480
Gly His Pro Pro Ala Leu Ala Ser Ala Ala Gly Leu Gly Ala Val Leu
485 490 495
Pro Ala Gly Leu Ala Leu Pro Ala Leu Gly Leu Thr Gly Leu Thr Gly
500 505 510
Leu Ala Ser Thr Ser Ala Ala Val Leu Gly Ala Leu Ala Gly Ala His
515 520 525
Pro Ile Val Gly Leu Ile Leu Gly His Ala Gly Leu Thr Leu Leu Leu
530 535 540
Ala Thr Thr Val Ala Pro Leu Pro Gly Leu Val His Pro Ala Thr Gly
545 550 555 560
Ala Leu His Thr Ala Pro Ala Gly Thr Ala Thr Ala Thr Gly Ala Leu
565 570 575
Ser Ser Ser Ala Pro Ala Leu Gly Ala Ile Pro Ile Ala Thr Pro Leu
580 585 590
Gly Gly Ala Ile Ala Ala Ala Pro Val Ala Gly Ala Gly Thr Ala Leu
595 600 605
Val Ala Leu Ala Thr Ser Gly Ile Gly Leu Ala Val Leu Ala His Leu
610 615 620
Ser Gly Ala Gly Ala Leu Ile Ala Val Pro Gly Gly Gly Leu Ala Ile
625 630 635 640
His Thr Gly Thr Ala Ser Thr Met Pro Gly Val Ser Pro Gly Ala Val
645 650 655
Ala Pro Leu Met Ala Ala Ala Ala Leu Thr Val Ala Pro Gly Val Leu
660 665 670
Thr Gly Met Ser Ala His Ala Leu Ser Gly Gly Leu Ala Ile Pro Thr
675 680 685
Gly Gly Ala Val Ala Pro Ile Gly Ala Thr Pro Gly Ser Pro Pro Leu
690 695 700
Val Ala Ala Thr Ile Gly Leu Thr Leu Gly Gly Gly Ala Leu Ala Gly
705 710 715 720
Thr Val Gly Thr Leu Pro Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Val Pro Ala Leu Ala
725 730 735
Ala Ala Val Leu Ser Val Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Met Ala Pro Ala
740 745 750
Met Pro Val Gly Gly Thr Ala Ala Ala Leu Met Leu Leu Ala Met Val
755 760 765
Leu Leu Pro Pro His Leu Ala Gly Met Gly Ala Ala Met Leu Leu Gly
770 775 780
Val His Ala Gly Leu Leu Leu Gly Ala Pro Gly Ala Ala Ala Gly Gly
785 790 795 800
Val Ala Ala Leu Ala Leu Gly Ala Met Gly Leu Ala Thr Pro Leu Ala
805 810 815
Val Pro Leu Gly Val Gly Val Gly Ile Gly Gly Ala Thr Leu Ser Ala
820 825 830
Leu Gly
<210> 2
<211> 2502
<212> DNA
<213> Thermus species Z05
<400> 2
atgaaagcga tgctgccact cttcgagcca aaaggccgcg ttctgctggt tgatggtcac 60
cacctcgcct accgcacctt ctttgccctc aaaggtctga cgacgagccg tggcgaaccg 120
gttcaagccg tttatggctt cgcgaaaagt ctgctcaagg cgctgaagga agacggttac 180
aaggccgtgt tcgtggtttt cgacgccaag gccccgagct ttcgccatga agcctacgag 240
gcgtataaag ccggtcgcgc cccaacgcca gaagattttc cacgccagct ggcgctgatc 300
aaagagctcg ttgatctgct cggcttcacc cgtctggaag tgccgggctt tgaagccgat 360
gatgtgctgg ccacgctggc caagaaggcg gaacgcgaag gttatgaggt gcgcattctg 420
acggccgacc gcgatctcta ccaactcgtg agcgatcgcg ttgcggttct gcacccagaa 480
ggccatctga ttacgccgga atggctgtgg gagaagtatg gtctgaaacc ggaacagtgg 540
gtggactttc gtgcgctggt tggtgatccg agtgacaatc tgccgggtgt taaaggcatc 600
ggcgaaaaaa ccgccctcaa actgctcaag gagtggggca gcctcgaaaa catcctcaag 660
aacctcgacc gcgtgaaacc ggagagcgtg cgtgagcgca ttaaggccca tctggaggat 720
ctgaaactga gcctcgaact gagccgtgtt cgcagcgatc tgccactgga ggttgatttc 780
gcccgtcgcc gtgaaccaga ccgtgaaggt ctgcgcgcct ttctggagcg cctcgagttt 840
ggtagtctgc tgcacgagtt cggtctgctc gaagccccag cgccactgga agaagcccca 900
tggccgccac cagaaggtgc cttcgtgggt tttgttctca gtcgcccgga accaatgtgg 960
gcggagctca aagcgctcgc cgcgtgcaaa gaaggtcgcg tgcatcgtgc caaggacccg 1020
ctggcgggtc tgaaagatct gaaggaagtg cgcggtctgc tggcgaaaga cctcgcggtt 1080
ctggcgctgc gcgaaggtct ggatctggcg ccgagtgatg atccgatgct gctggcgtat 1140
ctgctcgacc cgagcaatac caccccggaa ggtgttgccc gccgttacgg tggcgaatgg 1200
acggaagatg cggcccatcg tgcgctgctg gcggaacgcc tccagcagaa tctgctggaa 1260
cgcctcaaag gtgaggagaa actgctgtgg ctgtaccaag aagttgaaaa gccactcagc 1320
cgcgttctgg cccacatgga agcgaccggt gttcgtctgg atgttgccta cctcaaagcg 1380
ctgagtctgg aactggccga agaaatccgc cgcctcgaag aagaagtgtt ccgtctggcg 1440
ggtcatccgt tcaacctcaa tagccgcgac caactcgaac gcgtgctgtt tgatgagctg 1500
cgcctcccag cgctgggtaa aacgcagaaa acgggcaagc gtagcacgag tgccgcggtt 1560
ctcgaagccc tccgtgaagc gcatccgatc gtggagaaga ttctgcagca ccgtgaactg 1620
accaagctga agaacacgta cgttgaccca ctgccgggcc tcgttcaccc acgcacgggt 1680
cgtctgcaca cccgttttaa ccagacggcc accgccaccg gtcgtctgag tagcagtgac 1740
ccgaatctgc agaacatccc aatccgcacg ccactcggtc agcgcattcg ccgtgcgttt 1800
gttgccgaag cgggctgggc gctggtggcg ctggattaca gccagatcga actgcgtgtt 1860
ctggcccacc tcagcggcga tgaaaacctc atccgcgtgt tccaagaagg caaagatatc 1920
cacacgcaga cggccagctg gatgttcggt gtgagcccgg aagcggtgga tccactgatg 1980
cgccgtgccg cgaaaaccgt gaactttggc gtgctgtacg gcatgagcgc ccatcgtctg 2040
agccaagagc tcgcgattcc gtacgaggaa gcggtggcct ttatcgaacg ctacttccag 2100
agcttcccaa aagttcgcgc gtggattgag aagaccctcg aagagggtcg taagcgcggt 2160
tacgttgaaa cgctgtttgg tcgccgtcgc tatgtgccgg atctgaacgc ccgcgttaaa 2220
agtgtgcgcg aagccgccga acgcatggcc ttcaacatgc cggtgcaagg cacggccgcg 2280
gatctgatga aactggcgat ggtgaagctg ttcccacatc tgcgtgagat gggcgcccgc 2340
atgctgctgc aagttcatga tgaactgctg ctggaagcgc cacaagcccg tgcggaagaa 2400
gttgcggcgc tcgccaaaga agccatggaa aaagcgtatc cgctcgcggt tccgctggaa 2460
gttgaagttg gcattggcga agactggctc agcgcgaagg gc 2502
<210> 3
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 3
ggaattccat atgaaagcga tgctgccact cttcg 35
<210> 4
<211> 32
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 4
cggaattctt agcccttcgc gctgagccag tc 32
<210> 5
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 5
gaaatccgcc gcctcgaact ggaagtgttc cgtctg 36
<210> 6
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 6
cagacggaac acttccagtt cgaggcggcg gatttc 36
<210> 7
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 7
gctgcgcctc ccagcgcgcg gtaaaacgca gaaaac 36
<210> 8
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 8
gttttctgcg ttttaccgcg cgctgggagg cgcagc 36
<210> 9
<211> 40
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 9
cagcgctggg taaaacgcgc aaaacgggca agcgtagcac 40
<210> 10
<211> 40
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 10
gtgctacgct tgcccgtttt gcgcgtttta cccagcgctg 40
<210> 11
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 11
gtcgtctgag tagcagtaaa ccgaatctgc agaac 35
<210> 12
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 12
gttctgcaga ttcggtttac tgctactcag acgac 35
<210> 13
<211> 34
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 13
cagtgacccg aatctgaaaa acatcccaat ccgc 34
<210> 14
<211> 34
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 14
gcggattggg atgtttttca gattcgggtc actg 34
<210> 15
<211> 33
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 15
gacccgaatc tgcagggcat cccaatccgc acg 33
<210> 16
<211> 33
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 16
cgtgcggatt gggatgccct gcagattcgg gtc 33
<210> 17
<211> 38
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 17
gctggattac agccagatgg aactgcgtgt tctggccc 38
<210> 18
<211> 38
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 18
gggccagaac acgcagttcc atctggctgt aatccagc 38
<210> 19
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 19
cccatcgtct gagccaatat ctcgcgattc cgtac 35
<210> 20
<211> 35
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 20
gtacggaatc gcgagatatt ggctcagacg atggg 35
<210> 21
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 21
ctcgcgattc cgtaccgcga agcggtggcc tttatc 36
<210> 22
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 22
gataaaggcc accgcttcgc ggtacggaat cgcgag 36
<210> 23
<211> 33
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 23
gaagcggtgg cctttatgga acgctacttc cag 33
<210> 24
<211> 33
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 24
ctggaagtag cgttccataa aggccaccgc ttc 33
<210> 25
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 25
caaaagttcg cgcgtggaaa gagaagaccc tcgaag 36
<210> 26
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 26
cttcgagggt cttctctttc cacgcgcgaa cttttg 36
<210> 27
<211> 33
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 27
gttaaaagtg tgcgcaaagc cgccgaacgc atg 33
<210> 28
<211> 33
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 28
catgcgttcg gcggctttgc gcacactttt aac 33
<210> 29
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 29
ggttcacctt caagagtttc 20
<210> 30
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 30
tcctgacatg taggagcatc 20
<210> 31
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 31
tgagagccgt acgtcaggtc g 21
<210> 32
<211> 834
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 32
Met Lys Ala Met Leu Pro Leu Phe Glu Pro Lys Gly Arg Val Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Val Asp Gly His His Leu Ala Tyr Arg Thr Phe Phe Ala Leu Lys Gly
20 25 30
Leu Thr Thr Ser Arg Gly Glu Pro Val Gln Ala Val Tyr Gly Phe Ala
35 40 45
Lys Ser Leu Leu Lys Ala Leu Lys Glu Asp Gly Tyr Lys Ala Val Phe
50 55 60
Val Val Phe Asp Ala Lys Ala Pro Ser Phe Arg His Glu Ala Tyr Glu
65 70 75 80
Ala Tyr Lys Ala Gly Arg Ala Pro Thr Pro Glu Asp Phe Pro Arg Gln
85 90 95
Leu Ala Leu Ile Lys Glu Leu Val Asp Leu Leu Gly Phe Thr Arg Leu
100 105 110
Glu Val Pro Gly Phe Glu Ala Asp Asp Val Leu Ala Thr Leu Ala Lys
115 120 125
Lys Ala Glu Arg Glu Gly Tyr Glu Val Arg Ile Leu Thr Ala Asp Arg
130 135 140
Asp Leu Tyr Gln Leu Val Ser Asp Arg Val Ala Val Leu His Pro Glu
145 150 155 160
Gly His Leu Ile Thr Pro Glu Trp Leu Trp Glu Lys Tyr Gly Leu Lys
165 170 175
Pro Glu Gln Trp Val Asp Phe Arg Ala Leu Val Gly Asp Pro Ser Asp
180 185 190
Asn Leu Pro Gly Val Lys Gly Ile Gly Glu Lys Thr Ala Leu Lys Leu
195 200 205
Leu Lys Glu Trp Gly Ser Leu Glu Asn Ile Leu Lys Asn Leu Asp Arg
210 215 220
Val Lys Pro Glu Ser Val Arg Glu Arg Ile Lys Ala His Leu Glu Asp
225 230 235 240
Leu Lys Leu Ser Leu Glu Leu Ser Arg Val Arg Ser Asp Leu Pro Leu
245 250 255
Glu Val Asp Phe Ala Arg Arg Arg Glu Pro Asp Arg Glu Gly Leu Arg
260 265 270
Ala Phe Leu Glu Arg Leu Glu Phe Gly Ser Leu Leu His Glu Phe Gly
275 280 285
Leu Leu Glu Ala Pro Ala Pro Leu Glu Glu Ala Pro Trp Pro Pro Pro
290 295 300
Glu Gly Ala Phe Val Gly Phe Val Leu Ser Arg Pro Glu Pro Met Trp
305 310 315 320
Ala Glu Leu Lys Ala Leu Ala Ala Cys Lys Glu Gly Arg Val His Arg
325 330 335
Ala Lys Asp Pro Leu Ala Gly Leu Lys Asp Leu Lys Glu Val Arg Gly
340 345 350
Leu Leu Ala Lys Asp Leu Ala Val Leu Ala Leu Arg Glu Gly Leu Asp
355 360 365
Leu Ala Pro Ser Asp Asp Pro Met Leu Leu Ala Tyr Leu Leu Asp Pro
370 375 380
Ser Asn Thr Thr Pro Glu Gly Val Ala Arg Arg Tyr Gly Gly Glu Trp
385 390 395 400
Thr Glu Asp Ala Ala His Arg Ala Leu Leu Ala Glu Arg Leu Gln Gln
405 410 415
Asn Leu Leu Glu Arg Leu Lys Gly Glu Glu Lys Leu Leu Trp Leu Tyr
420 425 430
Gln Glu Val Glu Lys Pro Leu Ser Arg Val Leu Ala His Met Glu Ala
435 440 445
Thr Gly Val Arg Leu Asp Val Ala Tyr Leu Lys Ala Leu Ser Leu Glu
450 455 460
Leu Ala Glu Glu Ile Arg Arg Leu Glu Glu Glu Val Phe Arg Leu Ala
465 470 475 480
Gly His Pro Phe Asn Leu Asn Ser Arg Asp Gln Leu Glu Arg Val Leu
485 490 495
Phe Asp Glu Leu Arg Leu Pro Ala Arg Gly Lys Thr Gln Lys Thr Gly
500 505 510
Lys Arg Ser Thr Ser Ala Ala Val Leu Glu Ala Leu Arg Glu Ala His
515 520 525
Pro Ile Val Glu Lys Ile Leu Gln His Arg Glu Leu Thr Lys Leu Lys
530 535 540
Asn Thr Tyr Val Asp Pro Leu Pro Gly Leu Val His Pro Arg Thr Gly
545 550 555 560
Arg Leu His Thr Arg Phe Asn Gln Thr Ala Thr Ala Thr Gly Arg Leu
565 570 575
Ser Ser Ser Asp Pro Asn Leu Gln Asn Ile Pro Ile Arg Thr Pro Leu
580 585 590
Gly Gln Arg Ile Arg Arg Ala Phe Val Ala Glu Ala Gly Trp Ala Leu
595 600 605
Val Ala Leu Asp Tyr Ser Gln Ile Glu Leu Arg Val Leu Ala His Leu
610 615 620
Ser Gly Asp Glu Asn Leu Ile Arg Val Phe Gln Glu Gly Lys Asp Ile
625 630 635 640
His Thr Gln Thr Ala Ser Trp Met Phe Gly Val Ser Pro Glu Ala Val
645 650 655
Asp Pro Leu Met Arg Arg Ala Ala Lys Thr Val Asn Phe Gly Val Leu
660 665 670
Tyr Gly Met Ser Ala His Arg Leu Ser Gln Tyr Leu Ala Ile Pro Tyr
675 680 685
Glu Glu Ala Val Ala Phe Ile Glu Arg Tyr Phe Gln Ser Phe Pro Lys
690 695 700
Val Arg Ala Trp Ile Glu Lys Thr Leu Glu Glu Gly Arg Lys Arg Gly
705 710 715 720
Tyr Val Glu Thr Leu Phe Gly Arg Arg Arg Tyr Val Pro Asp Leu Asn
725 730 735
Ala Arg Val Lys Ser Val Arg Glu Ala Ala Glu Arg Met Ala Phe Asn
740 745 750
Met Pro Val Gln Gly Thr Ala Ala Asp Leu Met Lys Leu Ala Met Val
755 760 765
Lys Leu Phe Pro His Leu Arg Glu Met Gly Ala Arg Met Leu Leu Gln
770 775 780
Val His Asp Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Ala Pro Gln Ala Arg Ala Glu Glu
785 790 795 800
Val Ala Ala Leu Ala Lys Glu Ala Met Glu Lys Ala Tyr Pro Leu Ala
805 810 815
Val Pro Leu Glu Val Glu Val Gly Ile Gly Glu Asp Trp Leu Ser Ala
820 825 830
Lys Gly
Claims (10)
1.一种突变型DNA聚合酶,其特征在于:所述突变型DNA聚合酶在聚合酶结构域中至少包含以下基序:
基序I:E-X11-E-V-F-R-L-A-G-H-P-F-N-L-N-S-R-D-Q-L-E-R-V-L-F-D-E-L-R-L-P-A-X12-G-K-T-X13-K,其中,X11是谷氨酸或脂肪族类氨基酸,X12是亮氨酸或碱性氨基酸,X13是谷氨酰胺或碱性氨基酸;
基序II:L-S-S-S-X21-P-N-L-X22-X23-I-P-I-R-T,其中,X21是天冬氨酸或碱性氨基酸,X22是谷氨酰胺或碱性氨基酸,X23是天冬酰胺或脂肪族类氨基酸;
基序III:S-Q-X31-L-A-I-P-Y-X32-E-A-V-A-F-X33-E-R-Y-F-Q,其中,X31是谷氨酸或芳香族类氨基酸,X32是谷氨酸或碱性氨基酸,X33是异亮氨酸或含硫类氨基酸;
所述基序I、基序II、基序III的至少两个基序中,分别存在至少一个氨基酸突变;
所述DNA聚合酶为Z05 DNA聚合酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的突变型DNA聚合酶,其特征在于:所述脂肪族类氨基酸选自甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸中的任意一种;所述碱性氨基酸选自精氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸中的任意一种;所述芳香族类氨基酸选自苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸中的任意一种;所述含硫类氨基酸选自半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸中的任意一种;
优选地,所述脂肪族类氨基酸选自甘氨酸或亮氨酸;所述碱性氨基酸选自精氨酸或赖氨酸;所述芳香族类氨基酸为酪氨酸;所述含硫类氨基酸为蛋氨酸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的突变型DNA聚合酶,其特征在于:所述突变型DNA聚合酶的基序I中,X11是谷氨酸或亮氨酸,X12是亮氨酸或精氨酸,X13是谷氨酰胺或精氨酸;基序II中,X21是天冬氨酸或赖氨酸,X22是谷氨酰胺或赖氨酸,X23是天冬酰胺或甘氨酸;基序III中,X31是谷氨酸或酪氨酸,X32是谷氨酸或精氨酸,X33是异亮氨酸或蛋氨酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的突变型DNA聚合酶,其特征在于:所述突变型DNA聚合酶在聚合酶结构域中至少包含以下基序:
基序I:E-E-E-V-F-R-L-A-G-H-P-F-N-L-N-S-R-D-Q-L-E-R-V-L-F-D-E-L-R-L-P-A-X12-G-K-T-X13-K,其中,X12是亮氨酸(L)或碱性氨基酸,X13是谷氨酰胺(Q)或碱性氨基酸;
基序II:L-S-S-S-X21-P-N-L-X22-N-I-P-I-R-T,其中,X21是天冬氨酸(D)或碱性氨基酸,X22是谷氨酰胺(Q)或碱性氨基酸;
基序III:S-Q-X31-L-A-I-P-Y-E-E-A-V-A-F-I-E-R-Y-F-Q,其中,X31是谷氨酸(E)或芳香族类氨基酸;
优选地,基序I中,X13是精氨酸,X12不发生突变;基序II中,X21是赖氨酸,X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31不发生突变;
或者,基序I中,X12、X13均不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸,X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸;
或者,基序I中,X12是精氨酸,X13不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸,X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31不发生突变;
或者,基序I中,X12是精氨酸,X13不发生突变;基序II中,X21、X22均不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸;
或者,基序I中,X12是精氨酸,X13是精氨酸;基序II中,X21是赖氨酸,X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31不发生突变;
或者,基序I中,X13是精氨酸,X12不发生突变;基序II中,X21是赖氨酸,X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸;
或者,基序I中,X13是精氨酸,X12不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸,X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸;
或者,基序I中,X12是精氨酸,X13不发生突变;基序II中,X22是赖氨酸,X21不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸;
或者,基序I中,X12是精氨酸,X13是精氨酸;基序II中,X21、X22均不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸;
或者,基序I中,X12是精氨酸,X13不发生突变;基序II中,X21是赖氨酸,X22不发生突变;基序III中,X31是酪氨酸。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的突变型DNA聚合酶,其特征在于:所述突变型DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列具有与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列90%以上的同源性;优选地,所述突变型DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列具有与野生型Z05 DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列96%以上的同源性;进一步优选地,所述突变型DNA聚合酶中,仅在所述基序1、基序2、基序3的特定位置处的一个或多个氨基酸发生突变,其他位置处的氨基酸均不发生突变。
6.根据权利要求5所述的突变型DNA聚合酶,其特征在于:所述突变型DNA聚合酶包括热可逆失活的化学修饰;或者,所述突变型DNA聚合酶与Sso7d或PCNA融合,得到改进活性的融合蛋白。
7.一种编码如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的突变型DNA聚合酶或融合蛋白的基因。
8.一种包含如权利要求7所述的基因的重组表达载体。
9.一种包含如权利要求8所述的重组表达载体的重组菌。
10.一种如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的突变型DNA聚合酶或融合蛋白在制备检测试剂盒中的应用;
优选地,所述检测试剂盒用于实施核酸扩增的方法,包括:在适于引物延伸的条件下,将突变型DNA聚合酶或融合蛋白与引物、多核苷酸模板、核苷三磷酸接触,产生延伸产物;所述核酸扩增的方法采用聚合酶链式反应、等温扩增反应或测序反应;所述多核苷酸模板是RNA模板或DNA模板,所述多核苷酸模板来自任意类型的生物样品;
进一步优选地,所述检测试剂盒包括:至少一个容器,所述容器中包含突变型DNA聚合酶或融合蛋白;
所述检测试剂盒还可以包括以下一个或多个容器:
(a)包含在适于引物延伸的条件下与预定的多核苷酸模板杂交的引物的容器;
(b)包含核苷三磷酸的容器;
(c)包含适于引物延伸的缓冲溶液的容器。
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