CN114954745A - 用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其包括一主体层,主体层是由一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一金属络合物,以聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,金属络合物的含量为3至20重量百分比。本发明的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构具有良好的隔热效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种表面隔热结构,特别是涉及一种用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构。
背景技术
一般用于汽机车座椅表层的人造皮革,是以聚氯乙烯(polyvinyl chloride)及碳黑作为主成分制得。聚氯乙烯在添加塑化剂后柔软且具有弹性,而具有广泛的用途。碳黑是常见的黑色色料,可使人造皮革呈现深色或黑色。然而,在长时间的曝晒后,碳黑会吸收热能,使得人造皮革表面的温度高居不下。
尤其是夏天时,一旦汽机车的座椅直接曝晒于太阳下,人造皮革的表面往往会达到75℃至80℃的高温,容易造成使用者的不适,甚至导致烫伤。因此,现有的人造皮革仍有待改善,以克服人造皮革曝晒于阳光后升温所产生的问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的不足提供一种用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的其中一技术方案是提供一种用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构。用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构包括一主体层,主体层是由一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一金属络合物,以聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,金属络合物的含量为3至20重量百分比。
更进一步地,金属络合物的中心原子是选自于由下列所构成的群组:锰、铁、钴、钒及其组合物。
更进一步地,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括一多孔材料,以聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,多孔材料的含量是1至10重量百分比。
更进一步地,多孔材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:气凝胶(aerogel)、中空发泡珠、硅藻土及其组合物。
更进一步地,用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,还进一步包括:一白色反射层,白色反射层设置于主体层的其中一表面上,白色反射层中包括:二氧化钛、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、氧化镁、硫化锌、氟化钙、氟化锂、氟化钠、氟化钾、锌钡白、碳酸镁、钛酸钡、铁酸钡或其组合物。
更进一步地,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物包括一第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物以及一第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物,主体层包括:一胶皮层以及一降温层。胶皮层是由第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及金属络合物。降温层设置于胶皮层上,降温层是由第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一多孔材料。
更进一步地,多孔材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:气凝胶、中空发泡珠和硅藻土。
更进一步地,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物包括一第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物以及一第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物,主体层包括:一胶皮层以及一降温层。胶皮层是由第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及金属络合物。降温层设置于胶皮层上,降温层是由第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一导热材料。
更进一步地,所述导热材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:石墨、氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、氮化铝、氮化硼、碳化硅及其组合物。
于本发明的一些实施例中,表面隔热结构还进一步包括:一白色反射层,白色反射层设置于胶皮层和降温层之间,白色反射层中包括:二氧化钛、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、氧化镁、硫化锌、氟化钙、氟化锂、氟化钠、氟化钾、锌钡白、碳酸镁、钛酸钡、铁酸钡或其组合物。
更进一步地,降温层的厚度是胶皮层的厚度的0.5至2倍。
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明所提供的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其能通过“所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一金属络合物”以及“以所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,所述金属络合物的添加量为3至20重量百分比”的技术方案,以提升表面隔热结构的隔热效果。
为使能更进一步了解本发明的特征及技术内容,请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图,然而所提供的附图仅用于提供参考与说明,并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
图1为机车座椅椅垫的立体示意图。
图2为本发明第一实施例的表面隔热结构的侧剖示意图。
图3为本发明第二实施例的表面隔热结构的侧剖示意图。
图4为本发明第三实施例的表面隔热结构的侧剖示意图。
图5为本发明第四实施例的表面隔热结构的侧剖示意图。
具体实施方式
以下是通过特定的具体实例来说明本发明所公开有关“用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构”的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所公开的内容了解本发明的优点与效果。本发明可通过其他不同的具体实施例加以施行或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可基于不同观点与应用,在不背离本发明的构思下进行各种修改与变更。另外,本发明的附图仅为简单示意说明,并非依实际尺寸的描绘,事先声明。以下的实施方式将进一步详细说明本发明的相关技术内容,但所公开的内容并非用以限制本发明的保护范围。另外,本文中所使用的术语“或”,应视实际情况可能包括相关联的列出项目中的任一个或者多个的组合。
请参阅图1所示,本发明提供一种表面隔热结构,其可应用于汽机车座椅。表面隔热结构可反射部分的红外线与可见光,因此,即使表面隔热结构在阳光的曝晒下,表面隔热结构的表面温度不会高于55℃。具体来说,本发明的表面隔热结构的全光谱反射率(TSR%)为40%以下,且表面隔热结构的红外线阻隔率(IR-cut%)为20%以上。
[第一实施例]
请参阅图2所示,本发明第一实施例的表面隔热结构Z包括一主体层1,主体层1是由一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成。聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一金属络合物(metal complex)。
于第一实施例中,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物是以聚氯乙烯作为主成分的树脂组合物,以聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,聚氯乙烯的含量为60至90重量百分比。金属络合物的中心原子是锰、铁、钴、钒或其组合物,例如:型号为F6331(美国Ferro公司)、SG-103(日本ISK公司)、SG-101(日本ISK公司)、42-707A(日本TOMATEC公司)和42-714A(日本TOMATEC公司)的金属络合物。
除此之外,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中还可包括其他树脂成分,例如:丙烯酸树脂、醇酸树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、氨基树脂、氯化乙烯树脂或其组合物。
本发明中的金属络合物兼具深色色料以及反射型填料的作用。具体来说,添加含锰、铁、钴或钒的金属络合物可使主体层1呈深色或黑色,如此,表面隔热结构Z可具有与市面上用于汽机车座椅的人造皮革相同的外观。另外,金属络合物可反射红外线,以避免主体层1于阳光照射后升至高温(75℃至80℃)。
于一些实施例中,以聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,金属络合物的添加量为3至20重量百分比,如此一来,表面隔热结构Z可具备良好的红外线反射效果,并可有效控管制作表面隔热结构Z的成本。若金属络合物的添加量大于20重量百分比,虽仍可提升红外线的反射效果,但因反射效果已趋近边界值而不符成本。
聚氯乙烯树脂组合物可进一步包括一多孔材料,多孔材料内部包含有气体,一般来说,气体的导热系数低于固体的导热系数,因此,通过多孔材料的添加,可达到阻隔热量传递的效果。举例来说,多孔材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:气凝胶(aerogel)、中空发泡珠和硅藻土,但不限于此。于添加多孔材料后,主体层1的密度为0.5g/cm3至1.2g/cm3。
于一些实施例中,以聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,多孔材料的添加量为1至10重量百分比,如此一来,表面隔热结构Z可具备良好的热阻隔效果。若多孔材料的添加量大于10重量百分比,则会负面影响表面隔热结构Z的延伸性及结构强度。
除此之外,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物也可进一步包括一导热材料,导热材料的添加可提升聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的导热性,达到传递能量的效果。举例来说,导热材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:石墨、氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、氮化铝、氮化硼、碳化硅及其组合物。
于一些实施例中,以聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,导热材料的添加量为1至60重量百分比,如此一来,表面隔热结构Z可具备良好的热传导效果。若导热材料的添加量大于60重量百分比,则会负面影响表面隔热结构Z的延伸性及结构强度。
于一些实施例中,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物可以是一发泡材料,即聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中可包含物理发泡剂或化学发泡剂,以使得主体层1是一发泡层。并且,发泡剂(物理发泡剂和/或化学发泡剂)可以与多孔材料并存于聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中。
在第一实施例中,表面隔热结构Z的全光谱反射率(TRS%)为40%以下,且表面隔热结构Z的红外线阻隔率(IR-cut%)为20%以上。
[第二实施例]
参阅图3所示,本发明第二实施例提供一种表面隔热结构Z,本发明第二实施例的表面隔热结构Z与第一实施例的表面隔热结构Z相似,其差异在于:第二实施例的表面隔热结构Z还进一步包括一白色反射层2,白色反射层2设置于主体层1的其中一表面上。
于使用时,白色反射层2设置于背对主体层1的一被照射面。如此一来,在部分光线被金属络合物吸收之后,另一部分的光线在穿过主体层1之后,可被白色反射层2反射,达到避免蓄热的效果。
主体层1是由一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成。第二实施例中的聚氯乙烯树脂组合物与第一实施例中的聚氯乙烯树脂组合物相似,聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包含聚氯乙烯以及金属络合物,也可进一步包括前述多孔材料或/及前述导热材料,故于此不再赘述。
白色反射层2是将一反射涂料涂布于主体层1上而形成。反射涂料中包括:二氧化钛、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、氧化镁、硫化锌、氟化钙、氟化锂、氟化钠、氟化钾、锌钡白、碳酸镁、钛酸钡、铁酸钡或其组合物。
由于主体层1具有深色的外观,会使得可见光的反射效果有所限制。因此,在第二实施例中,通过于主体层1背对被照射面的面上另外设置一白色反射层2,可进一步提升热能的反射效果。
值得注意的是,当表面隔热结构Z另具有白色反射层2时,表面隔热结构Z的红外线阻隔率会大幅提升。在第二实施例中,表面隔热结构Z的全光谱反射率(TSR%)为40%以下,且表面隔热结构Z的红外线阻隔率(IR-cut%)为20%以上。
[第三实施例]
参阅图4所示,本发明第三实施例提供一种表面隔热结构Z,表面隔热结构Z包括主体层1,主体层1包括堆叠设置的一胶皮层11以及一降温层12。于本实施例中,胶皮层11的厚度为0.3微米至1微米,降温层12的厚度为0.3微米至1.5微米。较佳的,降温层12的厚度是胶皮层11的厚度0.3至5倍,更佳的,降温层12的厚度是胶皮层11的厚度0.5至2倍。
胶皮层11是由一第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物形成,第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及金属络合物,以第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,聚氯乙烯的含量为60至90重量百分比,金属络合物的含量是3至20重量百分比,金属络合物的种类如前所述。因此,胶皮层11呈深色或黑色,且胶皮层11可吸收部分的红外线。
于一较佳实施例中,形成胶皮层11的第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物是一发泡材料,胶皮层11可以是一发泡胶皮层。
于其他实施例中,第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物还可进一步包括前述多孔材料或/和导热材料,使胶皮层11也具有隔热的效果。具体来说,以第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,多孔材料的添加量为1至10重量百分比,导热材料的添加量为1至60重量百分比,胶皮层11的密度为0.5g/cm3至1.2g/cm3。
降温层12是由一第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物形成,第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及多孔材料或/和导热材料。以第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,聚氯乙烯的含量为60至90重量百分比,多孔材料的添加量为1至10重量百分比,导热材料的添加量为1至60重量百分比,多孔材料及导热材料的种类如前所述,故于此不再赘述。
由于多孔材料的添加,可使降温层12中含有较多的气体,使降温层12的热传导系数下降,具有隔热的效果。并且,降温层12中的气体可帮助热对流,快速将热量传递出去,以达到降温的效果。导热材料的添加,可使降温层12具有良好的导热效果。
形成降温层12的第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物也可以是一发泡材料,降温层12可以是一发泡降温层,以提升降温层12中的气体含量。具体来说,降温层12的密度为0.4g/cm3至0.8g/cm3,且降温层12的密度小于胶皮层11的密度。
降温层12设置于胶皮层11上的方法,并不限于以下举例的方式。例如:将第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物以及第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物共挤压出。或者,先形成降温层12及胶皮层11中的其中一层,再以涂布的方式形成降温层12及胶皮层11中的另一层。或者,先分别形成降温层12及胶皮层11,再通过热压合的方式,使降温层12贴合于胶皮层11上。或者,先分别形成降温层12及胶皮层11,再于降温层12及胶皮层11之间设置一黏着层。
在第三实施例中,表面隔热结构Z的全光谱反射率(TSR%)为40%以下,且表面隔热结构Z的红外线阻隔率(IR-cut%)为20%以上。
[第四实施例]
参阅图5所示,本发明第四实施例提供一种表面隔热结构Z,第四实施例的表面隔热结构Z与第三实施例的表面隔热结构Z相似,其差异在于:第四实施例的表面隔热结构Z还进一步包括一白色反射层2,白色反射层2设置于胶皮层11与降温层12之间。
胶皮层11是由第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物形成,第四实施例的第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物与第三实施例中的第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物相似。因此,胶皮层11可吸收部分的红外线,且胶皮层11呈深色或黑色。
降温层12是由第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,第四实施例的第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物与第三实施例的第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物相似。因此,降温层12具有阻隔热能的效果。
在第四实施例中,表面隔热结构Z具有三道隔热机制,胶皮层11中的金属络合物可吸收部分红外线,胶皮层11和/或降温层12中的多孔材料和/或导热材料可阻隔热能的传递,白色反射层2可反射可见光及红外线。如此一来,即使表面隔热结构Z在阳光下长时间曝晒后,表面隔热结构Z的表面仍可具有较低的温度(小于55℃)。
值得注意的是,当表面隔热结构Z具有黑色的胶皮层11以及白色反射层2时,其在红外线阻隔率上有大幅提升。在第四实施例中,表面隔热结构Z的全光谱反射率(TSR%)为40%以下,且表面隔热结构Z的红外线阻隔率(IR-cut%)为20%以上。
[实施例的有益效果]
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明所提供的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构Z,其能通过“所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一金属络合物”以及“以所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,所述金属络合物的添加量为3至20重量百分比”的技术方案,以提升表面隔热结构Z的隔热效果。
更进一步来说,本发明所提供的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构Z,其能通过“聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括一多孔材料”的技术方案,以提升表面隔热结构Z的隔热效果。
更进一步来说,本发明所提供的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构Z,其能通过“表面隔热结构Z包括一白色反射层2”的技术方案,以提升表面隔热结构Z的红外线反射效果。
以上所公开的内容仅为本发明的优选可行实施例,并非因此局限本发明的权利要求书的保护范围,所以凡是运用本发明说明书及附图内容所做的等效技术变化,均包含于本发明的权利要求书的保护范围内。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构包括:一主体层,所述主体层是由一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一金属络合物,以所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,所述金属络合物的添加量为3至20重量百分比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述金属络合物的中心原子是锰、铁、钴或钒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括一多孔材料,以所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物的总重为100重量百分比,所述多孔材料的含量是1至10重量百分比。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述多孔材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:气凝胶、中空发泡珠和硅藻土。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构还进一步包括:一白色反射层,所述白色反射层设置于所述主体层的其中一表面上,所述白色反射层中包括:二氧化钛、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、氧化镁、硫化锌、氟化钙、氟化锂、氟化钠、氟化钾、锌钡白、碳酸镁、钛酸钡、铁酸钡或其组合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物包括一第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物以及一第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物,所述主体层包括:
一胶皮层,其是由所述第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,所述第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及所述金属络合物;以及
一降温层,其设置于所述胶皮层上,所述降温层是由所述第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,所述第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一多孔材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述多孔材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:气凝胶、中空发泡珠、硅藻土及其组合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述聚氯乙烯树脂组合物包括一第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物以及一第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物,所述主体层包括:
一胶皮层,其是由所述第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,所述第一聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及所述金属络合物;以及
一降温层,其设置于所述胶皮层上,所述降温层是由所述第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物所形成,所述第二聚氯乙烯树脂组合物中包括聚氯乙烯以及一导热材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述导热材料是选自于由下列所构成的群组:石墨、氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化锌、氮化铝、氮化硼、碳化硅及其组合物。
10.根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构还进一步包括:一白色反射层,所述白色反射层设置于所述胶皮层和所述降温层之间,所述白色反射层中包括:二氧化钛、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、氧化镁、硫化锌、氟化钙、氟化锂、氟化钠、氟化钾、锌钡白、碳酸镁、钛酸钡、铁酸钡或其组合物。
11.根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的用于汽机车座椅的表面隔热结构,其特征在于,所述降温层的厚度是所述胶皮层的厚度的0.5至2倍。
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CN102816396A (zh) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 南亚塑胶工业(南通)有限公司 | 低吸热pvc制品及使用其制备胶布和胶皮的方法 |
JP2016222135A (ja) * | 2015-06-01 | 2016-12-28 | 豊和繊維工業株式会社 | 車両の内装部品及び車両の内装部品用表皮材 |
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US3680851A (en) * | 1970-07-22 | 1972-08-01 | Seibu Gomu Kagaku Kk | Fender with cushion board |
US5092006A (en) * | 1990-08-17 | 1992-03-03 | Isaac Fogel | Non-electrical reversible thermal cushion for a mattress or other body support surface |
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2021
- 2021-02-24 TW TW110106496A patent/TW202233750A/zh unknown
- 2021-04-16 CN CN202110411627.6A patent/CN114954745A/zh active Pending
- 2021-05-26 JP JP2021088451A patent/JP2022129341A/ja active Pending
- 2021-07-23 US US17/383,441 patent/US20220267581A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20030030041A1 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2003-02-13 | Yasuhiro Genjima | Composition for forming infrared transmitting layer, infrared reflector, and processed article |
JP2009039153A (ja) * | 2007-08-06 | 2009-02-26 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 乗り物用シートの表皮 |
JP2009046010A (ja) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-03-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 乗り物用の座席表皮 |
JP2009143050A (ja) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-07-02 | Achilles Corp | 近赤外線領域光反射性能を有する暗色複合成形体 |
JP2009213588A (ja) * | 2008-03-08 | 2009-09-24 | Ts Tech Co Ltd | 車両用シート |
CN101624783A (zh) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-13 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 高红外线反射性的聚氯乙烯人造革 |
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JP2016222135A (ja) * | 2015-06-01 | 2016-12-28 | 豊和繊維工業株式会社 | 車両の内装部品及び車両の内装部品用表皮材 |
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