CN114949046A - 虎杖的新用途 - Google Patents
虎杖的新用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114949046A CN114949046A CN202210509163.7A CN202210509163A CN114949046A CN 114949046 A CN114949046 A CN 114949046A CN 202210509163 A CN202210509163 A CN 202210509163A CN 114949046 A CN114949046 A CN 114949046A
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- giant knotweed
- rhizoma polygoni
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- Botany (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及虎杖研究技术领域,具体公开了虎杖的新用途。虎杖或其提取物在制备治疗急性肾脏损伤药物中的应用。虎杖或其提取物在制备治疗肾小管损伤疾病或肾小球损伤疾病药物中的应用。虎杖或其提取物在体外NLRP3、NF‑κB、IL‑1β、IL‑18、KIM‑1任一蛋白表达抑制剂或KIM‑1mRNA表达抑制剂中非诊断治疗的应用。虎杖或其提取物在体外半胱天冬酶‑1活性抑制剂或中非诊断治疗的应用。虎杖或其提取物在制备治疗肾脏病理性畸形药物中的应用。本发明研究了虎杖或其提取物的新用途。使其在一些新的肾脏疾病中也具有应用前景可以起到相应的治疗作用。同时,还确认了虎杖或其提取物可以直接作为一些蛋白活性的调节制剂,在治疗用途和非治疗用途均有相应的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及虎杖研究技术领域,尤其涉及虎杖的新用途。
背景技术
虎杖,为蓼科植物虎杖Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc.的干燥根茎和根。春、秋二季采挖,除去须根,洗净,趁鲜切短段或厚片,晒干。分布于西北、华东、华中、华南及西南等地。具有利湿退黄,清热解毒,散瘀止痛,止咳化痰的功效。用于湿热黄疸,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,痈肿疮毒,水火烫伤,经闭,症瘕,趺打损伤,肺热咳嗽。已有研究表明,虎杖部分提取物具有改善炎性肾损伤的作用。虎杖提取物是以虎杖Polygonum cuspidatum根或根茎提取的产品,由于虎杖自身物质含量较为复杂,不同的提取方法会得到不同的提取物。虎杖提取物在一些蛋白、酶中的应用研究还有所欠缺,尚不明确其在一些蛋白等中的调节作用,有待进一步研究。
同时,肾损伤具有较多的类型,虎杖也无法针对所有的类型的肾损伤均具有治疗改善作用。不同的急性肾损伤由不同的发病原因造成:a.肾前性急性肾损伤(肾前性因素导致的急性肾损伤),b.肾性急性肾损伤(肾实质或肾血管疾病相关性急性肾损伤),c.肾后性急性肾损伤(尿道梗阻导致的急性肾损伤)。不同的急性肾损伤具有不同的病理变化。不同的急性肾损伤需要通过不同的方式进行治疗,且根据目前的研究,针对不同的急性肾损伤的治疗药物也很难通用。
细胞焦亡(Pyroptosis)又称细胞炎性坏死,是一种依赖于炎性半胱天冬酶(如caspase-1)并伴有大量促炎症因子释放的程序性细胞死亡。研究证实,细胞焦亡是介导脓毒症急性肾损伤的重要原因,抑制细胞焦亡也被证实可以改善急性肾损伤。因此,本发明一方面探讨虎杖提取物是否能够通过抑制细胞焦亡改善LPS诱导的小鼠急性肾损伤。另一方面在新发现调节机制的前提下,进一步验证对其他肾损伤的治疗作用。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供虎杖的新用途,主要为了解决虎杖和其提取物在一些肾脏疾病中的应用空白,对一些病症的治疗作用不明确,对部分蛋白调节作用不明确等问题。
虎杖或其提取物在制备治疗急性肾脏损伤药物中的应用。
在一些方式中,所述急性肾脏损伤为肾前性急性肾损伤或肾性急性肾损伤。
在一些方式中,所述急性肾脏损伤包括脓毒症诱发型急性肾损伤、过敏性紫癜性肾炎、糖尿病肾脏病。
虎杖提取物在制备治疗肾小管损伤疾病或肾小球损伤疾病药物中的应用。
在一些方式中,所述肾小管损伤包括肾近曲小管损伤;所述肾小管损伤疾病或肾小球损伤疾病均包括肾毒性疾病。
虎杖提取物在体外NLRP3、NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-18、KIM-1任一蛋白表达抑制剂或KIM-1mRNA表达抑制剂中非诊断治疗的应用。
虎杖提取物在体外半胱天冬酶-1活性抑制剂或中非诊断治疗的应用。
虎杖提取物在制备治疗肾脏病理性畸形药物中的应用。
在一些方式中,所述肾脏病理学改变包括肾脏病理性形态变形。
虎杖提取物由下述方法制备而得:取干燥的虎杖的原药材、粉碎、分别用8~15倍量的水热回流提取,每次提取后过滤、收集滤液,合并滤液,进行浓缩,得到浸膏,干燥,得到虎杖提取物。
在一些方式中,提取物为虎杖蒽醌。
在一些方式中,虎杖提取物离子流图如图4所示或虎杖提取物液相色谱图如图6所示。
本发明的有益效果是:
研究了虎杖或其提取物的新用途。使其在一些新的肾脏疾病中也具有应用前景可以起到相应的治疗作用。同时,还研究确认了虎杖提取物可以直接作为一些蛋白活性的调节制剂,在治疗用途和非治疗用途均有相应的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为体外人近曲小管上皮细胞,不同浓度(10、20、40μg/mL)虎杖提取物给药24h后检测相关蛋白表达条带图;
图2为虎杖提取物对LPS致急性肾损伤小鼠肾脏病理变化的影响(HE染色);
图3为LPS对急性肾损伤小鼠肾脏中相关蛋白表达条带图;
图4为提取物总离子流图;
图5为肾脏病理学变化后调节改善结果;
图6为提取物液相色谱图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明做进一步说明:
第一部分对虎杖或其提取物在急性肾脏损伤治疗药物中的应用:
虎杖或其提取物在制备治疗急性肾脏损伤药物中的应用。
在一些方式中,所述急性肾脏损伤为肾前性急性肾损伤或肾性急性肾损伤。
在一些方式中,所述急性肾脏损伤包括脓毒症诱发型急性肾损伤、过敏性紫癜性肾炎、糖尿病肾脏病。
第二部分对虎杖提取物在一些蛋白表达和酶活性变化诱发疾病中的应用:
虎杖提取物在制备治疗肾小管损伤或肾小球损伤药物中的应用。
第一方面,肾小管损伤具有多种类型,包括肾脏缺乏血供应引发型,食物药物中毒引发型,风湿性疾病诱发型。
第二方面,所述肾小管损伤疾病包括肾近曲小管损伤疾病。
第三方面,所述肾小管损伤疾病或肾小球损伤疾病均包括肾毒性疾病。肾毒性疾病包括药物引起的肾脏毒性反应。症状可为蛋白尿和管型尿,继而可发生氮质血症、肾功能减退,严重时可出现急性肾衰和尿毒症等。可导致肾毒性的常见药物有某些抗菌药、抗肿瘤药、解热镇痛抗炎药、麻醉药、碘化物造影剂、碳酸锂、氨苯蝶啶等。
第三部分对虎杖提取物在一些并发疾病中的应用:
虎杖提取物在制备治疗肾脏病理学改变药物中的应用。肾脏病理学改变包括肾脏病理性形态变形畸形等,如图5中的外形异变病变。肾脏病理性形态变形畸形包括肾脏整体形状异变,如肾脏组织病理学改变,肾小管、肾小球形态异变,比如肾小球基膜增厚撕裂、硬化等,还如肾小管增厚等。
通过虎杖提取物实现对发生形态异变的肾脏的恢复治疗,不仅可以实现抑制形变还可在发生形变后实现治疗。
第四部分对虎杖提取物在一些蛋白表达和酶活性调节中的应用:
第一方面,涉及虎杖提取物在蛋白表达中的调节应用。虎杖提取物在体外NLRP3、NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-18、KIM-1任一蛋白表达抑制剂或体KIM-1mRNA表达抑制剂中非诊断治疗的应用。
其中,虎杖提取物可作为其中任一蛋白的调节剂,也可同时作为多个蛋白的调节剂,均应在本发明的范围内。
第二方面,虎杖提取物在体外半胱天冬酶-1活性抑制剂或中非诊断治疗的应用。半胱天冬酶-1(Caspase-1)分子以酶原的形式被合成,并且在机体低水平组成性表达。活化的Caspase分子催化裂解众多的效应分子,诱发细胞凋亡。可以通过虎杖提取物产品特异性调节半胱天冬酶-1活性,实现对其活化程度的控制,从而在一些如商业性实验中起到活化程度的可控性调节。
该应用与病理性治疗药物存在一定区别,其不限定为用于人体治疗的药物,目的在于对相应的蛋白表达做出调节,起到促进或抑制作用,不针对具体的适应症。具体的表现形式如现在的一些商用的蛋白表达调节制剂或酶活性抑制剂等,可进行体外的抑制调节。
为了便于技术人员获取虎杖提取物,前述虎杖提取物由下述方法制备而得:取干燥的虎杖的原药材、粉碎、分别用8~15倍量的水热回流提取,每次提取后过滤、收集滤液,合并滤液,进行浓缩,得到浸膏,干燥,得到虎杖提取物。
更具体的是,提取物包含蒽醌苷类化合物。
在一些方式中,所述虎杖提取物具有如图4所示的总离子流图或虎杖提取物液相色谱图如图6所示。采用同样的方法提取所得的提取物的总离子流图也会略有区别,其在正常的误差范围内,只要特征峰等吻合。
并且本提取方法获得提取物与其他如乙醇提取的提取物存在较大差别。如乙醇提取等获得提取物暂无法得知其也具有相似的蛋白调节作用。
结合提取方法的条件:取干燥的虎杖的原药材、粉碎、分别用8~15倍量的水100℃热回流提取2~4次,每次提取1.5~3小时、过滤、收集滤液,合并滤液,进行浓缩,得到浸膏,干燥,得到虎杖提取物。
下面结合研究项目作进一步介绍:
实施例1:虎杖提取物体外改善近曲小管上皮的蛋白表达,验证蛋白表达的调控性。
实验方法:
Westernblot蛋白印迹法检测虎杖提取物对近曲小管上皮细胞相关蛋白表达水平。取对数生长期细胞,加入细胞裂解液,4℃静置20min,12000r/min离心10min,取上清液,按照BCA蛋白含量测定法测定蛋白浓度。将提取的蛋白置于干式恒温器中95℃变性5min后即得蛋白样品。取80μg蛋白样品经过SDS-PAGE电泳分离后,转印至固相载体PVDF膜(0.45μm)上,5%脱脂牛奶封闭1h后,一抗(稀释度均为1:1000)在4℃条件下摇床孵育过夜,TBST清洗10min×3次,然后加入辣根过氧化物酶-羊抗兔IgG二抗(稀释度为1:10000)室温孵育1h,用TBST清洗10min×3次。加入ECL超敏化学发光液(赛默飞公司)后运用G:BOX成像分析系统(Syngene公司)成像。
实验结果:
虎杖提取物对近曲小管上皮细胞相关蛋白表达水平的影响。由附图1可知,与正常组对比,模型组人肾皮质近曲小管上皮细胞NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18蛋白表达量显著升高;与模型组比较,虎杖提取物组均可显著降低NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18蛋白表达量,并也验证了体外调节抑制的可行性。
实施例2:虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏病理学改变的影响。
虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏血清炎性因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平的影响。
虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏肾损伤因子1(KIM1)含量及肾脏KIM1 mRNA表达的影响。
虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏相关蛋白的影响。
实验动物、造模及给药。SPF级雄性C57BL/6小鼠(体重20±2g)40只购自湖北省疾控中心,随机分为对照组、LPS模型组、虎杖提取物低剂量组(150mg/kg)、虎杖提取物高剂量组(300mg/kg)、地塞米松组(5mg/kg),每组8只。虎杖提取物及地塞米松组分别每天给予相应药物灌胃,对照组及模型组给予等容生理盐水,连续给药2周后,除对照组,其余各组均腹腔注射LPS(5mg/kg),对照组注射等容生理盐水。注射LPS 12小时后收集各组小鼠血液制备血清样本,收集尿液及肾脏,-80℃保存。LPS购自北京Solarbio公司,地塞米松购自sigma。
指标检测:
病理染色。统一将各小鼠左侧肾脏置于4%多聚甲醛中固定48h,然后经过脱水后用石蜡进行包埋。将包埋好的肾脏组织切成5μm后的切片,运用H&E染色和Masson染色法观察小鼠肾脏病理学改变。
生化指标检测。根据试剂盒所述方法检测各组小鼠血清中肌酐、尿素氮的含量,检测尿液中尿蛋白的含量。取小鼠肾组织,按体积比1:9加入生理盐水,匀浆,1000r/min离心3min,取上层溶液,用于检测丙二醛MDA含量及总超氧化物歧化酶T-SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px的活力。同时运用BCA法测定各组上清液中的蛋白浓度。运用蛋白浓度将肝组织中MDA含量及低抗氧化酶T-SOD、GSH-Px的活力进行归一化。即结果表述为每mg肾组织蛋白中MDA的含量及抗氧化酶T-SOD、GSH-Px的活力。肌酐、尿素氮、MDA、T-SOD、GSH-Px检测试剂盒均购自南京建成生物工程研究所。BCA蛋白含量测定试剂盒购自碧云天生物技术公司。
ELISA检测。运用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测各组小鼠血清中肾损伤指标性因子KIM-1及炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β的含量。KIM-1、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β等含量检测ELISA试剂盒均购自睿信生物科技有限公司。
RT-qPCR。运用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测相关基因mRNA的表达。运用TRIZolTM RNA提取试剂提取小鼠肾脏RNA,经过逆转录后运用TR-qPCR法检测各组小鼠肾脏KIM-1、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1βmRNA的表达水平。TR-qPCR扩增条件如下(反应体系为10μL):95℃预变性2min;95℃变性10s,62℃退火30s;72℃延伸15s,共40个循环。以GAPDH作为内参,采用2-△△Ct法计算mRNA的表达水平。各基因引物序列如下表所示:
TRIZolTM RNA提取试剂购自赛默飞公司,HiScript III RT SuperMix逆转录试剂盒和SYBR qPCRMix均购自Vazyme公司。
Westernblotting检测相关蛋白表达。取适量肾脏组织,加入M-PER蛋白裂解液后匀浆,4℃静置30min,12000r/min离心10min,取上清液,按照BCA蛋白含量测定法测定蛋白浓度。将提取的蛋白置于干式恒温器中95℃变性5min后即得蛋白样品。取80μg蛋白样品经过SDS-PAGE电泳分离后,转印至固相载体PVDF膜(0.45μm)上,5%脱脂牛奶封闭1h后,p-NF-κB p65、IL-6、TNFα、NLRP3、caspase-1、cleaved-caspase-1、IL-1β、β-actin等一抗(稀释度均为1:1000)在4℃条件下摇床孵育过夜,TBST清洗10min×3次,然后加入辣根过氧化物酶-羊抗兔IgG二抗(稀释度为1:10000)室温孵育1h,用TBST清洗10min×3次。加入ECL超敏化学发光液(赛默飞公司)后运用G:BOX成像分析系统(Syngene公司)成像。
实验结果:
虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏病理学改变的影响。如附图2所示,模型组小鼠肾小球肥大、肾小管扩张及空泡化,而虎杖提取物可致小鼠肾小球和肾小管病变明显减轻。
虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏血清炎性因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平的影响。LPS诱导的急性肾损伤小鼠血清中炎性因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β的含量显著升高,虎杖提取物干预后能够显著降低小鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β的含量。同时,虎杖提取物干预还能够显著降低急性肾损伤小鼠肾脏中异常升高的TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1βmRNA表达水平。
虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏肾损伤因子1(KIM1)含量及肾脏KIM1 mRNA表达的影响。模型组小鼠血清肾损伤因子1(KIM1)含量及肾脏KIM1 mRNA表达水平显著升高,虎杖提取物干预组较模型组血清KIM1含量及肾脏KIM1mRNA表达水平显著降低。
虎杖提取物对小鼠肾脏相关蛋白的影响。如图3所示,LPS激活急性肾损伤小鼠肾脏NF-κB信号通路促进炎性因子释放,同时激活炎症小体NLRP3促进细胞焦亡关键因子Caspase-1活化介导细胞焦亡发生。虎杖提取物增加了Caspase-1活化为Cleaved-Caspase-1。而虎杖提取物作用后能够抑制NF-κBp65(Ser536)磷酸化从而抑制NLRP3/Caspase-1介导的细胞焦亡,改善小鼠急性肾损伤。
探讨了虎杖提取物改善LPS诱导急性肾损伤的作用机制,为临床寻找有效制备治疗肾损伤药物提供实验基础。验证了虎杖提取物可抑制NF-κB蛋白表达,并可进一步抑制NLRP3/Caspase-1表达活化从而抑制信号通路,由此对前述蛋白过表达活化介导的细胞焦亡进行抑制,最终实现对如LPS诱导的肾损伤起到保护作用,为虎杖提取物有效改善LPS诱导的肾毒性提供了更多的治疗方向。
实施例3:肾损伤肾脏病理学改变的调节改善实验。
如图5中所示,正常组小鼠肾脏呈深红色,模型组小鼠肾脏呈淡红色,虎杖提取物干预组小鼠肾脏形态上明显得到改善。表明虎杖提取物还可在肾脏发生病理学变化后进行改善性调节,使其恢复正常。其他的药物在治疗形态变化方面效果还有所欠缺。
前述的体外蛋白活性调节,包含了动物实验和细胞实验。验证了体内和体外的可行性,表明提取物可以直接作用于蛋白活性调节,无需依赖疾病环境,也验证了其医药和非医药用途的可行性。
虎杖提取物在体外NLRP3、NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-18、KIM-1任一蛋白表达抑制剂或KIM-1mRNA表达抑制剂中非诊断治疗的应用。在体外细胞实验中,如图1、3中所示,运用近曲小管上皮细胞HK-2,获取相关蛋白表达升高的生物条件进行实验。不同浓度(10、20、40μg/mL)虎杖提取物给药24h后检测相关蛋白表达。结果显示,虎杖提取物在体外同样能够抑制NF-κB活化表达、抑制NLRP3/Caspase-1表达,虎杖提取物对相应的蛋白具有直接的活性抑制作用,无需依赖特殊环境。进一步验证了其可治疗相关蛋白介导的细胞焦亡的实验。
本领域的技术人员可以明确,在不脱离本发明的总体精神以及构思的情形下,可以做出对于以上实施例的各种变型。其均落入本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护方案以本发明所附的权利要求书为准。
Claims (10)
1.虎杖或其提取物在制备治疗急性肾脏损伤药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其中,所述急性肾脏损伤为肾前性急性肾损伤或肾性急性肾损伤。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其中,所述急性肾脏损伤包括脓毒症诱发型急性肾损伤、过敏性紫癜性肾炎、糖尿病肾脏病。
4.虎杖提取物在制备治疗肾小管损伤疾病或肾小球损伤疾病药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其中,所述肾小管损伤包括肾近曲小管损伤;所述肾小管损伤疾病或肾小球损伤疾病均包括肾毒性疾病。
6.虎杖提取物在体外NLRP3、NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-18、KIM-1任一蛋白表达抑制剂或KIM-1mRNA表达抑制剂中非诊断治疗的应用。
7.虎杖提取物在体外半胱天冬酶-1活性抑制剂或中非诊断治疗的应用。
8.虎杖提取物在制备治疗肾脏病理学改变药物中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其中,所述肾脏病理学改变包括肾脏病理性形态变形。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一所述的应用,其特征在于,虎杖提取物由下述方法制备而得:取干燥的虎杖的原药材、粉碎、分别用8~15倍量的水热回流提取,每次提取后过滤、收集滤液,合并滤液,进行浓缩,得到浸膏,干燥,得到虎杖提取物。
根据权利要求10所述的应用,其特征在于,提取物包含蒽醌苷类化合物。
根据权利要求11所述的应用,其特征在于,所述虎杖提取物离子流图如图4所示或虎杖提取物液相色谱图如图6所示。
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CN109125421A (zh) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 孟凤仙 | 虎杖及虎杖苷在治疗代谢综合征中的应用 |
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