CN114946638B - Ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed - Google Patents
Ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946638B CN114946638B CN202210010681.4A CN202210010681A CN114946638B CN 114946638 B CN114946638 B CN 114946638B CN 202210010681 A CN202210010681 A CN 202210010681A CN 114946638 B CN114946638 B CN 114946638B
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- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 208000028804 PERCHING syndrome Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005791 algae growth Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed, which comprises a base and a cube structure fixed on the upper end surface of the base, wherein the cube structure consists of four plate surfaces, and the top of the cube structure is open; the base is supported by a plurality of long cylindrical hard pipes, and a curved surface-shaped bending port is cut at the lower end of each hard pipe; the wall of the hard tube is provided with a small opening for hanging an algae spore nutrition bag made of a soluble material in the hard tube through a hemp rope; the space of the cube structure is internally provided with an inclined plate, and the inclined plate is used for forming a triangle space for providing dormancy and habitat for mollusks at the bottom of the cube structure; two holes with different sizes are respectively arranged on two opposite plate surfaces in the cube structure; an opening is arranged in the center of the base. The invention is suitable for being put in the sea area of the soft substrate of the shallow sea wetland silt, has simple putting, good stability, no overturning and displacement, can resist wind and waves, is favorable for the attachment growth of marine organisms, and is suitable for the perching growth of the marine organisms, in particular for the perching growth of sea cucumbers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and resource proliferation maintenance of shallow sea wetlands, in particular to an ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetlands, silt silty clay and seabed.
Background
The shallow sea wetland is positioned in the intersection zone of the continental and marine ecosystem, is a recognized natural kidney and biological supermarket, wherein the seaweed field is a typical ecosystem of the shallow sea wetland, and has important ecological functions of protecting coasts, purifying water quality, providing biological habitats, maintaining biological diversity, increasing sink and carbon fixation, climate regulation and the like. At the same time, seaweed farms are also very fragile ecosystems, very sensitive to human activity and global climate change. Seaweed area is under serious degradation due to the effects of human activities such as land utilization, urban construction, species invasion, and natural factors. The ecological algal reef is implemented in the shallow sea wetland to build a submarine forest, so that not only can the submarine vegetation such as seaweed, seaweed and the like be repaired, but also the marine organisms such as fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, ginseng and the like can be maintained, thereby forming a self-development and self-maintenance submarine forest ecological system. By constructing the ecological algal reef cluster, a good breeding place is provided for marine organisms, the aquatic organisms are effectively protected, and the proliferation and recovery of marine organism resources are promoted. In addition, the reef attached organisms can consume seawater eutrophic substances, a large amount of phytoplankton and fixedly planted algae can absorb seawater nitrogen and phosphorus, so that the seawater eutrophication degree is reduced, the water quality is purified, the occurrence of red tides is reduced, the offshore culture pollution is effectively relieved, the surrounding sea area culture environment is optimized through radiation, the ecological environment of a sea area is improved, the good environment for the inhabitation of marine organisms is created, and the purposes of protecting, proliferating and improving the fishing gain are achieved.
At present, in order to ensure the stability and the silt resistance of the artificial fish reef, the artificial fish reef is put in to select harder substrates with less silt. The Shandong Bohai sea area is a main fishery resource area, and the offshore fishery resource is quite abundant historically. However, since 90 s of the last century, the offshore resources are rapidly declined under the influence of long-term overdrawing and sea pollution, many high-quality varieties are basically not formed into fish flood, and the construction of ocean pastures is urgently needed to achieve the purpose of recovering the fishery resources in the Bohai sea area. However, in the sea area where the marine pasture is urgently needed to be built in the Bohai sea area, the problems of deeper silt layers, high flow velocity fine sand bottom materials and the like exist, the existing artificial fish reefs mainly comprise concrete frame reefs, stone blocks and the like made of cement, and the artificial fish reefs roll easily under the action of ocean currents and waves and are easy to wash away by the storms or the sand is buried. Based on the problems, the current ecological restoration of the yellow Bohai sludge foundation silty clay seabed sea area is basically realized by manually planting seaweed. Therefore, the stability of the artificial fish reef is improved, the problem that the artificial fish reef is easy to wash away by wind and waves or buried in sediment is solved, and a proper attachment environment can be provided for the growth of algae on the basis, which is a difficulty in the structural design and process of the artificial fish reef and is also a difficulty in the proliferation of fishery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed, which is suitable for being put in a sea area of shallow sea wetland silt soft substrate, has simple putting, good stability, no capsizing and displacement, can resist wind and waves, is favorable for the attachment growth of marine organisms, and is suitable for the inhabitation growth of marine organisms, in particular for the inhabitation growth of sea cucumbers.
The invention provides an ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed, which comprises a base and a cube structure fixed on the upper end surface of the base, wherein the cube structure consists of four plate surfaces, and the top of the cube structure is open;
the base is supported by a plurality of long cylindrical hard pipes, and curved openings are cut at the lower ends of the hard pipes;
the wall of the hard pipe is provided with a small opening for hanging an algae spore nutrition bag made of a soluble material in the hard pipe through a hemp rope;
the space of the cube structure is internally provided with an inclined plate, and the inclined plate is used for forming a triangle space for providing dormancy and habitat for mollusks at the bottom of the cube structure;
two holes with different sizes are respectively formed in two opposite plate surfaces in the cube structure, wherein the small holes are positioned in the triangular space and used for flushing marine organism excreta in the triangular space through ocean currents, and the large holes are positioned above the triangular space and used for resisting storms and reducing the flow rate of seawater; the other two opposite surfaces are respectively provided with a round hole, and the positions of the round holes are different and are used for fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish parameter inlets and outlets;
the base center is equipped with the opening, the opening is located cube space for through contacting with the silt layer, be convenient for the biology forges.
Further, the number of the hard pipes is eight, and the bent openings of the eight hard pipes are distributed in 4 groups corresponding to each other and are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, the end face of the base is of a square structure and is made of reinforced concrete through pouring.
Further, four plate surfaces of the cube structure are made of reinforced concrete by casting, and the plate surfaces are subjected to concrete mortar roughening treatment so as to facilitate the attachment and growth of algae.
By means of the scheme, the ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seafloor is suitable for being put in a sea area with shallow sea wetland silt soft bottom, is simple to put in, good in stability, can not generate capsizing displacement, can resist wind waves, is favorable for rapid attachment growth of a large number of algae, can provide safe and reliable habitat and bait field for hidden organisms such as stichopus japonicus and reef loving fishes, and forms a small submarine forest ecosystem on the seafloor; can be widely applied to ecological restoration of shallow sea wetland and ecological value-added engineering construction, and has high ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ecological algal reef suitable for the silt silty clay seafloor of a shallow sea wetland;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an ecological algal reef suitable for the silt silty clay seabed of the shallow sea wetland;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an ecological algal reef of the present invention suitable for shallow sea wetland silty clay seafloor;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an ecological algal reef of the present invention suitable for shallow sea wetland silty clay seafloor;
FIG. 5 is a view of an ecological algal reef bottom of the present invention suitable for shallow sea wetland silty clay seafloor;
FIG. 6 is an elevational view of an ecological algal reef of the present invention suitable for shallow sea wetland silty clay seafloor.
Reference numerals in the drawings:
1-a base; 11-opening;
2-a hard tube; 21-bending; 22-small mouth;
3-cube structure; 31-small holes; 32-macropores; 33-round holes;
4-sloping plate.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed provided by the embodiment considers the settleability and marine organism adhesion characteristics of the artificial algal reef, and the artificial algal reef is of a three-dimensional structure and has the advantages of good stability, wind and wave resistance and suitability for algae growth. The artificial algal reef base is simple in structure assembly, low in cost and high in space utilization rate, various factors such as soft and low-quality sedimentation of silt are fully considered in the design of the artificial algal reef base, the artificial algal reef base is not easy to be blocked by silt, and the artificial algal reef base is high in stability and has wind and wave resistance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the ecological algal reef comprises a base 1 and a cube structure 3 fixed on the upper end face of the base 1, wherein the cube structure 3 is composed of four plate faces, and the top of the cube structure is open.
The base 1 is supported by a plurality of long cylindrical hard pipes 2, such as a stool shape, is convenient to sink into silt and resist the impact of wind and waves, and plays a role in stabilizing the fish reef. The thickness, diameter and height of the hard pipe are different according to the wind and wave conditions of the sea area where the fish reef is put, the thickness of the seabed sludge layer and the geological bearing capacity.
In the embodiment, the base 1 takes eight hard tubes 2 as a bracket, and eight long cylindrical hard tubes are 80-120mm deep. Curved-surface-shaped bent openings 21 with the depth of 40-50mm are cut in two directions at the lower end of the hard tube 2, the diameter of the curved-surface-shaped bent openings is 40mm, the bent openings of eight hard tubes 2 are respectively and correspondingly arranged in 4 groups, the bent openings are arranged in a staggered mode, and the wind wave resistance capability and the stability of the reef body are improved.
The wall of the hard tube 2 is provided with a small opening 22 for hanging an algae spore nutrition bag (containing nutrition soil and algae spores) made of a soluble material inside the hard tube through a hemp rope, and after the algae reef is put in, the algae spores sink along with the nutrition bag and are automatically combined with the muddy clay on the seabed to spontaneously grow (the proper growth depth of the algae spores is considered). In this embodiment, the small opening 22 is formed at a position 80mm away from the bottom of the pipe, and the diameter of the small opening 22 is 40mm.
The bending port 21 is cut in the hard tube, so that the settlement of the reef body is facilitated, and the stability is improved; on the other hand, after the curved opening is cut, the seaweed root can outwards extend under the reef body when downwards growing and as early as possible, thereby being beneficial to improving the hardness of clay under the reef body, greatly enhancing the supporting force of the reef body and solving the problem of gradually removing the sediment after the reef body is put in for many years.
The space of the cube structure 3 is internally provided with an inclined plate 4 for forming a dark triangle space which is used for avoiding sea wave impact and providing dormancy and habitat for mollusks such as sea cucumbers and the like at the bottom of the cube structure 3;
two holes with different sizes are respectively arranged on two opposite plate surfaces in the cube structure 3, wherein two small holes 31 (the diameter of the embodiment is 50 mm) are positioned in the triangular space and are mainly used for flushing marine organism excretions in the triangular space through ocean currents, and two large holes 32 are positioned above the triangular space; two opposite surfaces of the other two surfaces are respectively provided with a round hole 33 (the diameter of the embodiment is 110 mm), the positions of the holes are different, and the two round holes 33 can be used for fish, shrimp and crab base inlets and outlets; in addition, the design of the holes on the plate surface can also effectively resist wind waves and reduce the flow velocity of seawater.
The center of the base is provided with an opening 11, and the opening 11 is positioned in the space of the cube structure 3 and is used for facilitating the foraging of organisms such as sea cucumbers through contact with a silt layer.
In the embodiment, the end face of the base 1 is of a square structure, is made of reinforced concrete through pouring, and has a length of 800-1200 mm and a thickness of 60-80mm, and different lengths and thicknesses are selected according to different stormy waves and geological bearing capacities of the thrown sea area so as to increase the stability of the reef body. The design base length and thickness and the hard pipe supporting force fully consider the bearing capacity of the muddy silty clay, consider the construction feasibility and operability of fishermen, and carry out multiple practical verification.
In this embodiment, the four faces of the cube structure 3 are made of reinforced concrete by casting, the length is 540mm, and the faces are subjected to concrete mortar roughening treatment, so that algae can grow in an attached mode.
The reef body is of a three-dimensional structure surface, the permeability of the whole artificial algal reef is good, the exchange of internal and external water is promoted, and the bottom space is favorable for the attachment growth of marine organisms, in particular to the attachment growth of sea cucumbers. The weight of the whole algal reef is about 100-150 kg, the construction of a professional engineering ship is not needed, the operation and construction of the fishermen's own fishing ship can be realized, and the algal reef has strong operability and practical value.
After the artificial algal reef is arranged on the seabed, the bottom of the artificial algal reef can sink into the seabed due to the action of the dead weight of the artificial algal reef, at the moment, the four plate surfaces and the eight hard pipes support to form a space structure, so that the sinking, sliding and dumping of the algal reef can be prevented, the artificial algal reef is put in a silt-based sea area with a certain thickness, the surrounding marine environment can be improved, an ideal habitat can be provided for the growth of sea cucumbers, and an ideal environment can be provided for the field planting of algae.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be noted that it is possible for those skilled in the art to make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The ecological algal reef is characterized by comprising a base and a cube structure fixed on the upper end face of the base, wherein the cube structure consists of four plate surfaces and is open at the top;
the base is supported by a plurality of long cylindrical hard pipes, and curved openings are cut at the lower ends of the hard pipes;
the wall of the hard pipe is provided with a small opening for hanging an algae spore nutrition bag made of a soluble material in the hard pipe through a hemp rope;
the space of the cube structure is internally provided with an inclined plate, and the inclined plate is used for forming a triangle space for providing dormancy and habitat for mollusks at the bottom of the cube structure;
two holes with different sizes are respectively formed in two opposite plate surfaces in the cube structure, wherein the small holes are positioned in the triangular space and used for flushing marine organism excreta in the triangular space through ocean currents, and the large holes are positioned above the triangular space and used for resisting storms and reducing the flow rate of seawater; the other two opposite surfaces are respectively provided with a round hole, and the positions of the round holes are different and are used for fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish parameter inlets and outlets;
the base center is equipped with the opening, the opening is located cube space for through contacting with the silt layer, be convenient for the biology forges.
2. The ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silty clay seafloor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the hard pipes is eight, and the bent openings of the eight hard pipes are distributed in a staggered manner in 4 groups corresponding to each other.
3. The ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silty powdery clay seafloor according to claim 1, wherein the end face of the base is of a square structure and is made of reinforced concrete through pouring.
4. The ecological algal reef adapted for shallow sea wetland silty clay seafloor according to claim 1, wherein four panels of the cube structure are made of reinforced concrete casting, and the panels are subjected to concrete mortar roughening treatment to facilitate the attached growth of algae.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210010681.4A CN114946638B (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210010681.4A CN114946638B (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Ecological algal reef suitable for shallow sea wetland silt silty clay seabed |
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| CN114946638A CN114946638A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
| CN114946638B true CN114946638B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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| KR20130075220A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-05 | 상원개발산업주식회사 | Artificial fish habitat and method for manufacturing thereof |
| CN204499100U (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-29 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司上海分公司 | A kind of namely slotting type artificial ecology fish shelter being applicable to sand soil ecological riverway |
| KR101598322B1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2016-03-02 | (주)세강건설 | Multifunctional Artificial Reef. |
| CN205511641U (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-08-31 | 马同金 | Artificial fish reef of area illumination |
| CN206118811U (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-04-26 | 天津渤海水产研究所 | Type artificial fish reef is perched in shallow sea |
| CN208300714U (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-01-01 | 大连市现代海洋牧场研究院 | Interior trigone cube body multifunctional reef |
| AU2020100070A4 (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-02-20 | Ocean University Of China | Artificial algal reef taking algae adhesion and seagrass transplantation into account |
| CN213961369U (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-08-17 | 广西大学 | Hemispherical artificial reef for restoring marine coral reef ecosystem |
| CN214546581U (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-11-02 | 山东平一新环保科技有限公司 | Fish reef structure convenient to place |
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| CN114946638A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240312 Address after: No. 237 Changshan Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 265800 Patentee after: Long Island National Marine Park Management Center (Miaodao islands seal Provincial Nature Reserve Management Center) Country or region after: China Address before: No. 237, Changshan Road, Nanchangshan Street, Changdao Marine Ecological Civilization Comprehensive Experimental Zone, Yantai, Shandong Province, 265800 Patentee before: Yu Guoxu Country or region before: China |