CN114946316A - Storage method for improving germination rate of gramineous plant seeds - Google Patents
Storage method for improving germination rate of gramineous plant seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946316A CN114946316A CN202210592118.2A CN202210592118A CN114946316A CN 114946316 A CN114946316 A CN 114946316A CN 202210592118 A CN202210592118 A CN 202210592118A CN 114946316 A CN114946316 A CN 114946316A
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 72
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 71
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 71
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 45
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 succinyl monoglyceride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000544043 Blyxa aubertii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032823 cell division Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014284 seed dormancy process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
- A01N37/04—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof polybasic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a storage method for improving the germination rate of gramineous plant seeds, which relates to the technical field of breeding and comprises the following steps: (1) collecting mature, full and undamaged plant seeds; (2) sterilizing the collected plant seeds; (3) preparing seed soaking liquid; (4) soaking the disinfected plant seeds in a seed soaking solution; (5) the storage method of the invention can prolong the storage time of the gramineous plant seeds and promote the improvement of the germination rate of the gramineous plant seeds by storing the plant seeds after the soaking treatment at the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the relative air humidity of 30-40%, and the higher germination rate can be maintained after the seeds are sowed after the storage, thereby improving the phenomenon that the germination rate of the plant seeds is greatly reduced due to the long-term storage in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding, and particularly relates to a storage method for improving the germination rate of gramineous plant seeds.
Background
Herbs, shrubs or trees, sometimes with rhizomes or stolons, which are grown for one or more years; in the perennial planting clusters, the stem (stalk) of the flower and the seedlings (stereo shoots) are not grown together; in annual plantations, only the latter are present. The stalks are upright, ascended or crawled, cylindrical, thin and flat, and have nodes and internodes, the internodes are hollow, and the node parts are closed; the branches are wrapped by leaf sheaths, and the proximal stalk surface of the base part is provided with a small leaf (called anterior leaf) with transparent membranous. The leaves are singly grown on the nodes, sometimes are concentrated on the base part of the stalk, are grown mutually to form two rows and consist of leaf sheaths, leaf tongues and leaf blades; the leaf sheath wraps the stalk, the edges are separated and are in a covering tile shape, sometimes the covering tile shape is combined, the base part is always expanded, and the shoulder part sometimes extends upwards to form a mountain-shaped leaf ear; the lamina membranacea quality is usually degraded into a circle of tassels-shaped hair, and the lamina membranacea is thin and has no lamina lingua, and in the bamboo plants, an external lamina lingua (external tongue) is arranged on the off-axis surface at the joint of a lamina sheath and a lamina; the leaves are usually long and narrow, thin and wide, flat, and sometimes curled or folded inwards, with parallel veins, thin and small transverse veins, sometimes with the stem clasped at the base, sometimes with the outer side of the base protruding outwards to form a sickled ear, thin and gradually narrowed to form a false petiole, sometimes with joints at the tip of the leaf sheath. The inflorescence is a cone inflorescence consisting of spikelets, a spike-shaped inflorescence or a general inflorescence, which is singly grown, grown in a finger shape or arranged along a main shaft, usually growing at the top, sometimes the general inflorescence base has a spathe (leaf sheath without leaves), and then the inflorescences with spathe form a pseudo cone inflorescence with leaves. The spikelets are composed of bracts, the bracts are arranged in two rows along a slender axis (spike axis) relatively, 2 sterile bracts at the base are called glumes, more than two bracts are called lemma and palea, the palea is one to many, each palea contains flowers and a membranous bract (palea), the flowers, the palea and the palea form a floret, the base of the spikelet or the floret extends downwards to form a cornified part called a basal disc, and the tips of the glumes or the palea are always awn; the florets are amphoteric, sometimes parthenocarpic, small but not obvious; the flower quilt is degenerated into 2 or 3 transparent membranous or fleshy small scales which are called as scale quilt; the number of stamens is upper, 1-6, usually 3, and is rare and more; the filament is usually fine; anther 2 chamber, longitudinal crack, thin top hole crack; ovary 1, inverted ovule, usually stuck on the paraxial surface of carpel; the style is usually 2, 1 or 3, and usually has a pinnate style of column head. The fruit is mostly a caryopsis, the peel is thin and attached to the seed, the fruit is separated from the seed, the fruit is rarely provided with nuts or berries, the seed is rich in starchy endosperm, the embryo is small, and is positioned on the off-axis surface of the base, and the hilum is dotted or linear and is positioned on the paraxial surface. Gramineous plants have a great economic value, and cereal crops, main pasture and bamboo with wide application range cultivated by human are all gramineous plants.
The prior art CN 106942204B discloses a method for storing tobacco seeds, the invention relates to a method for storing plant seeds, and particularly discloses a method for storing tobacco seeds. The storage method of the tobacco seeds comprises the following steps: selection of capsules, collection of seeds, disinfection and drying of seeds, packaging of seeds, storage of seeds. The method of the invention can ensure that the storage life of the tobacco seeds reaches 7 years, and the seed life is greatly improved. The method has the advantages of simple required hardware condition, easy operation and obvious effect, solves the long-term technical problem of short storage life of tobacco seeds in first-line tobacco-base production units, has important practical significance on long-term storage of tobacco germplasm resources, and provides technical support for sustainable and healthy development of tobacco industry. However, although the storage method improves the storage time of the seeds, the germination rate of the seeds is also reduced.
Therefore, further improvements to the prior art are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a storage method for improving the germination rate of gramineous plant seeds, aiming at the existing problems.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a storage method for improving the germination rate of gramineous plant seeds, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting mature, full and undamaged plant seeds;
(2) and (3) disinfecting the collected plant seeds: soaking the plant seeds in disinfectant for 10-15min, taking out, and airing until the water content in the plant seeds is lower than 10%;
(3) preparing seed soaking liquid: the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-0.5 part of coconut shell powder extract, 0.15-0.2 part of carbon nano tube, 3-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 1-1.6 parts of sodium ascorbate, 0.3-0.6 part of succinyl monoglyceride, 4-6 parts of ethanol and 50-60 parts of water;
(4) soaking the disinfected plant seeds in a seed soaking solution for 15min, wherein the soaking is divided into three sections of soaking, each section of soaking time is 5min, filtering and taking out after soaking, and performing vacuum drying until the water content is lower than 5%;
(5) storing the soaked plant seeds at 15-20 deg.C and air relative humidity of 30-40%.
As a further technical scheme: the disinfectant is a potassium permanganate solution;
the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.15%;
the mixing mass ratio of the potassium permanganate solution to the plant seeds is 50: 1.
As a further technical scheme: the coconut shell powder extract is:
crushing coconut shells into small pieces, soaking and softening the small pieces of coconut shells by using alkali liquor for 2 hours, taking out the coconut shells, washing the coconut shells to be neutral by using clear water, and drying the coconut shells;
crushing the dried small coconut shell blocks to obtain coconut shell powder;
and leaching the obtained coconut shell powder by adopting an ethanol solution, leaching for 3 times in total, combining 3 times of leaching liquor, and then carrying out spray drying on the combined leaching liquor to obtain the coconut shell powder extract.
As a further technical scheme: the alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution;
the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10.5%;
the mixing mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the coconut shells is 12: 1.
As a further technical scheme: the mass fraction of the ethanol solution is 80 percent;
the leaching treatment comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the coconut shell powder and an ethanol solution, firstly treating the mixture by ultrasonic waves for 5min, then standing the mixture for 5min, finally stirring the mixture for 15min at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, standing the mixture for 1 h, and filtering the mixture to obtain the coconut shell powder.
As a further technical scheme: the preparation method of the carbon nano tube comprises the following steps: and calcining the epoxy resin at 850 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the epoxy resin.
As a further technical scheme: the first section of the three sections of soaking comprises the following steps: stirring and soaking at 10-15 deg.C at a stirring speed of 500 r/min;
the second-stage soaking comprises the following steps: standing and soaking at 20-25 deg.C;
the three-stage soaking comprises the following steps: soaking at 28-30 deg.C under ultrasonic wave.
As a further technical scheme: the ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 800W.
As a further technical scheme: the storage is light-proof storage.
According to the invention, by sterilizing the plant seeds, firstly, the proliferation of bacteria and fungi in the storage period of the plant seeds can be effectively reduced, and the seed coats of the plants are damaged, so that the vigor of the plant seeds is greatly reduced, and the germination rate of the plant seeds is reduced.
Through adopting the prepared seed soaking liquid to carry out three-section soaking treatment on the plant seeds, active protection components can permeate into the interior of the plant seeds while protecting the seed embryos from being damaged, and when dormancy of the plant seeds is finished, the seed dormancy can be quickly assisted to break, contact between the seed embryos and the external environment is promoted, and development of the seed embryos is accelerated.
Particularly, after the plant seeds are sowed and soaked in water to swell, the cells in the seeds are activated, the active ingredients accelerate the action on the plant seeds, the cell division speed in the plant seeds can be increased, the development of the seed embryos is improved, the germination of the plant seeds is further promoted, and the germination rate is increased.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the storage method of the invention can not only prolong the storage time of the gramineous plant seeds, but also promote the improvement of the germination rate, and the higher germination rate can be maintained when the gramineous plant seeds are sowed after storage, thereby improving the phenomenon that the germination rate of the plant seeds is greatly reduced due to long-term storage in the prior art.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting mature, full and undamaged plant seeds;
(2) and (3) disinfecting the collected plant seeds: soaking the plant seeds in a disinfectant for 10min, taking out, and airing until the water content in the plant seeds is lower than 10%;
(3) preparing seed soaking liquid: the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of coconut shell powder extract, 0.15 part of carbon nano tube, 3 parts of sodium nitrate, 1 part of sodium ascorbate, 0.3 part of succinyl monoglyceride, 4 parts of ethanol and 50 parts of water;
(4) soaking the disinfected plant seeds in a seed soaking solution for 15min, wherein the soaking is divided into three sections of soaking, each section of soaking time is 5min, filtering and taking out after soaking, and performing vacuum drying until the water content is lower than 5%;
(5) storing the plant seeds after the soaking treatment at the temperature of 15 ℃ and the relative air humidity of 30%.
The disinfectant is a potassium permanganate solution;
the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.15%;
the mixing mass ratio of the potassium permanganate solution to the plant seeds is 50: 1.
The coconut shell powder extract is:
crushing coconut shells into small pieces, soaking and softening the small pieces of coconut shells by using alkali liquor for 2 hours, taking out the coconut shells, washing the coconut shells to be neutral by using clear water, and drying the coconut shells;
crushing the dried small coconut shell blocks to obtain coconut shell powder;
and leaching the obtained coconut shell powder by adopting an ethanol solution, leaching for 3 times in total, combining 3 times of leaching liquor, and then carrying out spray drying on the combined leaching liquor to obtain the coconut shell powder extract.
The alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution;
the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10.5%;
the mixing mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the coconut shells is 12: 1.
The mass fraction of the ethanol solution is 80 percent;
the leaching treatment comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the coconut shell powder and an ethanol solution, firstly treating the mixture by ultrasonic waves for 5min, then standing the mixture for 5min, finally stirring the mixture for 15min at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, standing the mixture for 1 h, and filtering the mixture to obtain the coconut shell powder.
The preparation method of the carbon nano tube comprises the following steps: and calcining the epoxy resin at 850 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the epoxy resin.
The first section of the three sections of soaking comprises the following steps: stirring and soaking at the temperature of 10 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 500 r/min;
the second-stage soaking comprises the following steps: standing and soaking at the temperature of 20 ℃;
the three-stage soaking comprises the following steps: soaking at 28 deg.C with ultrasonic wave.
The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 800W.
The storage is light-proof storage.
Example 2
A storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting mature, full and undamaged plant seeds;
(2) and (3) carrying out disinfection treatment on the collected plant seeds: soaking the plant seeds in a disinfectant for 12min, taking out, and airing until the water content in the plant seeds is lower than 10%;
(3) preparing seed soaking liquid: the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 part of coconut shell powder extract, 0.18 part of carbon nano tube, 4 parts of sodium nitrate, 1.2 parts of sodium ascorbate, 0.4 part of succinyl monoglyceride, 5 parts of ethanol and 55 parts of water;
(4) soaking the disinfected plant seeds in a seed soaking solution for 15min, wherein the soaking is divided into three sections of soaking, each section of soaking time is 5min, filtering and taking out after soaking, and performing vacuum drying until the water content is lower than 5%;
(5) storing the plant seeds after the soaking treatment at the temperature of 18 ℃ and the relative air humidity of 35%.
The disinfectant is a potassium permanganate solution;
the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.15%;
the mixing mass ratio of the potassium permanganate solution to the plant seeds is 50: 1.
The coconut shell powder extract is:
crushing coconut shells into small pieces, soaking and softening the small pieces of coconut shells by using alkali liquor for 2 hours, taking out the coconut shells, washing the coconut shells to be neutral by using clear water, and drying the coconut shells;
crushing the dried coconut shell small pieces to obtain coconut shell powder;
and leaching the obtained coconut shell powder by adopting an ethanol solution, leaching for 3 times in total, combining 3 times of leaching liquor, and then carrying out spray drying on the combined leaching liquor to obtain the coconut shell powder extract.
The alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution;
the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10.5%;
the mixing mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the coconut shells is 12: 1.
The mass fraction of the ethanol solution is 80 percent;
the leaching treatment comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the coconut shell powder and an ethanol solution, firstly treating the mixture by ultrasonic waves for 5min, then standing the mixture for 5min, finally stirring the mixture for 15min at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, standing the mixture for 1 h, and filtering the mixture to obtain the coconut shell powder.
The preparation method of the carbon nano tube comprises the following steps: and calcining the epoxy resin at 850 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the epoxy resin.
The first section of the three sections of soaking comprises the following steps: stirring and soaking at the temperature of 12 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 500 r/min;
the second-stage soaking comprises the following steps: standing and soaking at the temperature of 22 ℃;
the three-stage soaking comprises the following steps: soaking at 29 deg.C with ultrasonic wave.
The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 800W.
The storage is light-proof storage.
Example 3
A storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting mature, full and undamaged plant seeds;
(2) and (3) disinfecting the collected plant seeds: soaking the plant seeds in a disinfectant for 15min, taking out, and airing until the water content in the plant seeds is lower than 10%;
(3) preparing seed soaking liquid: the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of coconut shell powder extract, 0.2 part of carbon nano tube, 5 parts of sodium nitrate, 1.6 parts of sodium ascorbate, 0.6 part of succinyl monoglyceride, 6 parts of ethanol and 60 parts of water;
(4) soaking the disinfected plant seeds in a seed soaking solution for 15min, wherein the soaking is divided into three sections of soaking, each section of soaking time is 5min, filtering and taking out after soaking, and performing vacuum drying until the water content is lower than 5%;
(5) storing the plant seeds after the soaking treatment at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative air humidity of 40%.
The disinfectant is a potassium permanganate solution;
the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.15%;
the mixing mass ratio of the potassium permanganate solution to the plant seeds is 50: 1.
The coconut shell powder extract is:
crushing coconut shells into small pieces, soaking and softening the small pieces of coconut shells by using alkali liquor for 2 hours, taking out the coconut shells, washing the coconut shells to be neutral by using clear water, and drying the coconut shells;
crushing the dried coconut shell small pieces to obtain coconut shell powder;
and leaching the obtained coconut shell powder by adopting an ethanol solution, leaching for 3 times in total, combining 3 times of leaching liquor, and then carrying out spray drying on the combined leaching liquor to obtain the coconut shell powder extract.
The alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution;
the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10.5%;
the mixing mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the coconut shells is 12: 1.
The mass fraction of the ethanol solution is 80 percent;
the leaching treatment comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing coconut shell powder and an ethanol solution, firstly carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, then standing for 5min, finally stirring at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 15min, standing for 1 h, and filtering.
The preparation method of the carbon nano tube comprises the following steps: and calcining the epoxy resin at 850 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the epoxy resin.
The first section of the three sections of soaking comprises the following steps: stirring and soaking at the temperature of 15 ℃ at the stirring speed of 500 r/min;
the second-stage soaking comprises the following steps: standing and soaking at 25 deg.C;
the three-stage soaking comprises the following steps: soaking at 30 deg.C with ultrasonic wave.
The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 800W.
The storage is light-proof storage.
Comparative example 1: the difference from the example 1 is that the sterilization treatment is not carried out;
comparative example 2: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the seed soaking treatment is not carried out by seed soaking liquid;
test of
Taking 600 corn seeds stored by the storage methods of the embodiment and the comparative example, storing for 1 year, evenly placing the seeds in a germination box paved with germination paper, and adding a proper amount of distilled water. Placing in 10 deg.C constant temperature illumination incubator, treating for 10 days, transferring to 22.5 deg.C constant temperature illumination incubator, determining seed germination rate after 7 days, and comparing
TABLE 1
| Germination rate/% | |
| Example 1 | 98 |
| Example 2 | 99 |
| Example 3 | 99 |
| Comparative example 1 | 85 |
| Comparative example 2 | 61 |
| Blank control | 43 |
Blank control group: directly storing the seeds without treatment;
as can be seen from Table 1, the seeds stored by the method of the invention can significantly improve the germination rate, thereby significantly reducing the seed damage rate and improving the economic benefit.
Continuing the test, taking the example 1 as a basic sample, comparing the influence of different seed soaking solutions on the germination rate of the corn seeds;
TABLE 2
| Germination rate/% | |
| Example 1 | 98 |
| Comparison of a | 79 |
| Comparison b | 92 |
Comparison a: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the coconut husk powder extract is not added into the soaking solution;
comparison b: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the carbon nano tube is not added in the soaking solution;
as can be seen from table 2, the seed soaking liquid of the present invention can significantly improve and increase the germination rate of the plant seeds, and particularly, can further improve the germination rate of the plant seeds by introducing the coconut husk powder extract and the carbon nanotubes.
The test was continued on the basis of example 1 by comparing the influence on the germination rate after different storage times:
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the storage method of the present invention can maintain a high germination rate even after a long-term storage.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and all the modifications and equivalents of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting mature, full and undamaged plant seeds;
(2) and (3) carrying out disinfection treatment on the collected plant seeds: soaking the plant seeds in disinfectant for 10-15min, taking out, and airing until the water content in the plant seeds is lower than 10%;
(3) preparing a seed soaking solution: the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-0.5 part of coconut shell powder extract, 0.15-0.2 part of carbon nano tube, 3-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 1-1.6 parts of sodium ascorbate, 0.3-0.6 part of succinyl monoglyceride, 4-6 parts of ethanol and 50-60 parts of water;
(4) soaking the disinfected plant seeds in a seed soaking solution for 15min, wherein the soaking is divided into three sections of soaking, each section of soaking time is 5min, filtering and taking out after soaking, and performing vacuum drying until the water content is lower than 5%;
(5) storing the soaked plant seeds at 15-20 deg.C and air relative humidity of 30-40%.
2. The storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants according to claim 1, wherein: the disinfectant is a potassium permanganate solution;
the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.15%;
the mixing mass ratio of the potassium permanganate solution to the plant seeds is 50: 1.
3. A storage method according to claim 1 for increasing the germination rate of seeds of a gramineous plant, said storage method comprising the steps of: the coconut shell powder extract is:
crushing coconut shells into small pieces, soaking and softening the small pieces of coconut shells by using alkali liquor for 2 hours, taking out the coconut shells, washing the coconut shells to be neutral by using clear water, and drying the coconut shells;
crushing the dried small coconut shell blocks to obtain coconut shell powder;
and leaching the obtained coconut shell powder by adopting an ethanol solution, leaching for 3 times in total, combining 3 times of leaching liquor, and then carrying out spray drying on the combined leaching liquor to obtain the coconut shell powder extract.
4. A storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants according to claim 3, wherein: the alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution;
the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10.5%;
the mixing mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the coconut shells is 12: 1.
5. A storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants according to claim 3, wherein: the mass fraction of the ethanol solution is 80%;
the leaching treatment comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the coconut shell powder and an ethanol solution, firstly treating the mixture by ultrasonic waves for 5min, then standing the mixture for 5min, finally stirring the mixture for 15min at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, standing the mixture for 1 h, and filtering the mixture to obtain the coconut shell powder.
6. The storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the carbon nano tube comprises the following steps: and calcining the epoxy resin at 850 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the epoxy resin.
7. The storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants according to claim 1, wherein: the first section of the three sections of soaking comprises the following steps: stirring and soaking at 10-15 deg.C at a stirring speed of 500 r/min;
the second-stage soaking comprises the following steps: standing and soaking at 20-25 deg.C;
the three-stage soaking comprises the following steps: soaking at 28-30 deg.C under ultrasonic wave.
8. The storage method for increasing the germination rate of seeds of gramineous plants according to claim 7, wherein: the ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 800W.
9. A storage method according to claim 1 for increasing the germination rate of seeds of a gramineous plant, said storage method comprising the steps of: the storage is light-proof storage.
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