CN114934281A - Hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with electrochemical power supply and control method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with electrochemical power supply and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/106—Parallel operation of dc sources for load balancing, symmetrisation, or sharing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/109—Scheduling or re-scheduling the operation of the DC sources in a particular order, e.g. connecting or disconnecting the sources in sequential, alternating or in subsets, to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with an electrochemical power supply and a control method thereof, wherein the hybrid hydrogen production system comprises an alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, a shunt module, the electrochemical power supply and a power generation subsystem, the power generation subsystem is connected with the shunt module, the electrochemical power supply and the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem are respectively connected with the shunt module, and the shunt module shunts the output current of the power generation subsystem according to the preset rated current and the lowest working current of the electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of stable work of the electrolytic hydrogen production system, high energy utilization rate and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a hybrid hydrogen production system coupling an alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem and an electrochemical power supply and a control method thereof.
Background
Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is one of the most common hydrogen production technologies at present, and the hydrogen production technology by alkaline water electrolysis is relatively mature and has already been commercialized. The electric energy source of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system mainly comprises a power grid, renewable energy sources and the like, and the renewable energy sources can realize the intrinsic low carbonization and realize the carbon-free generation of the whole industrial chain.
Renewable energy sources mainly include wind power, solar cells and the like, but the renewable energy sources are influenced by climate environments, have intermittency and instability, such as changes of wind direction and wind speed, changes of sunlight angle and intensity and the like, and therefore, the current entering the electrolysis system fluctuates. According to the change characteristics of the current, the current fluctuates stably and in a large range, so that the generated current changes rapidly, and the hydrogen production capacity of the electrolytic cell is directly changed. However, the prior art does not have a hydrogen production system capable of coping with the intermittency and instability of the renewable energy source, and the hydrogen production system for producing hydrogen by using the renewable energy source has short service life and poor stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a hybrid hydrogen production system of a coupled electrochemical power supply and a control method thereof, wherein the hybrid hydrogen production system can ensure stable operation of an electrolytic hydrogen production system and high energy utilization rate.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
as a first aspect of the present invention, a hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with an electrochemical power supply is provided, where the hybrid hydrogen production system includes an alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, a shunt module, an electrochemical power supply, and a power generation subsystem; the power generation subsystem is connected with the shunt module; the electrochemical power supply and the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem are respectively connected to the shunt module; and the shunt module shunts the output current of the power generation subsystem according to the preset rated current and the lowest working current of the electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem.
As a preferred technical scheme, the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem comprises an alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production device and an alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device; the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device are respectively connected to the shunting module.
As a preferred technical scheme, the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device comprises an alkaline water electrolysis bath, alkaline water circulation equipment and gas-liquid separation equipment; and the alkali liquor circulating equipment and the gas-liquid separating equipment are respectively connected to the alkali liquor electrolytic cell.
As a preferable technical scheme, the alkaline water electrolytic cell is formed by assembling a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm and an end plate.
As a preferred technical scheme, the alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device comprises an alkaline water electrolytic tank, alkaline liquor circulating equipment and gas-liquid separation equipment; and the alkali liquor circulating equipment and the gas-liquid separating equipment are respectively connected to the alkali liquor electrolytic cell.
Preferably, the alkaline water electrolytic cell is formed by assembling a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an alkaline membrane and an end plate.
As a preferable technical scheme, the number of the alkaline water electrolysis tanks is single or multiple.
As a preferred technical scheme, the electrochemical power supply specifically comprises: high energy density energy storage devices that store energy through electrochemistry.
As a preferred technical scheme, the electrochemical power source is a lead-acid battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium battery, a bi-ion battery or a water-based battery.
As a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for the above-described hybrid hydrogen production system, the control method comprising:
step 1: the power generation subsystem converts renewable energy into direct current and inputs the direct current into the shunt module;
step 2: the shunt module detects the output current value of the power generation subsystem;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is higher than the rated current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module distributes 100% of current required by the working condition to the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and inputs the residual current into the electrochemical power supply;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is lower than the rated current of the electrolytic cell but higher than the lowest working current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module inputs the output current of the power generation subsystem into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and simultaneously calls an electrochemical power supply to regulate and control the current input into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, so that the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem is in a stable working interval;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is lower than the lowest working current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module inputs the output current of the power generation subsystem into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and meanwhile, an electrochemical power supply is called to supply power to the electrolytic cell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, ensuring the stable work of an electrolytic hydrogen production system: when the output current of the power generation subsystem is lower than the minimum working current of the electrolytic cell or the rated current, the electrochemical power supply can be used as a power supply to supply power to the electrolytic system, so that the electrolytic hydrogen production system can stably work.
Secondly, improving the energy utilization rate: when the current is higher than the rated current of the electrolysis system, the electrochemical power supply can effectively store electric energy, and the utilization rate of the electric energy generated by the renewable energy source is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a hybrid hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another configuration of a hybrid hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the present application. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Moreover, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with an electrochemical power supply provided in an embodiment of the present application, including: the system comprises an alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem 1, a shunt module 2, an electrochemical power supply 3 and a power generation subsystem 4. The power generation subsystem 4 is connected to the shunt module 2, the electrochemical power supply 3 and the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem 1 are respectively connected to the shunt module 2, and the shunt module 1 shunts the output current of the power generation subsystem 4 according to the preset rated current and the lowest working current of the electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem.
Specifically, the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem 1 comprises an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device and an alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device, and the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device are respectively connected to the shunting module.
Optionally, the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device comprises an alkaline water electrolysis cell, an alkaline water circulation device and an air-liquid separation device, wherein the alkaline water circulation device and the air-liquid separation device are respectively connected to the alkaline water electrolysis cell. The alkaline water electrolytic cell is assembled by a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm and an end plate, and common hydrogen production capacity comprises, but is not limited to, 200Nm3/h, 500Nm3/h, 800Nm3/h, 1000Nm3/h, 1500Nm3/h, 3000Nm3/h and the like.
Optionally, the alkaline membrane electrolytic hydrogen production device comprises an alkaline water electrolytic cell, an alkaline water circulation device and an air-liquid separation device, wherein the alkaline water circulation device and the air-liquid separation device are respectively connected to the alkaline water electrolytic cell. The alkaline water electrolytic cell is assembled by a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an alkaline membrane and an end plate. Common hydrogen production capacity includes, but is not limited to, 50Nm3/h, 100Nm3/h, 200Nm3/h, 500Nm3/h and the like.
Optionally, the number of the alkaline water electrolysis cells is single or multiple.
Specifically, the electrochemical power source is specifically: high energy density energy storage devices that store energy through electrochemistry. Lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium ion batteries, lithium batteries, sodium ion batteries, sodium batteries, bi-ion batteries and aqueous batteries can be selected.
Optionally, the power generation subsystem in this embodiment includes a wind power generation device and a solar power generation device, an output current of the wind power generation device is converted into a direct current by an AC-DC converter and then is input to the shunt module 2, and an output current of the solar power generation device is converted into a direct current by a DC-DC converter and then is input to the shunt module 2.
The above is a description of system embodiments, and the following is a further description of the solution of the present invention by way of method embodiments.
A control method for the hybrid hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:
step 1: the power generation subsystem converts renewable energy into direct current and inputs the direct current into the shunt module;
step 2: the shunt module detects the output current value of the power generation subsystem;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is higher than the rated current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module distributes 100% of current required by the working condition to the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and inputs the residual current into the electrochemical power supply;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is lower than the rated current of the electrolytic cell but higher than the lowest working current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module inputs the output current of the power generation subsystem into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and simultaneously calls an electrochemical power supply to regulate and control the current input into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, so that the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem is in a stable working interval;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is lower than the lowest working current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module inputs the output current of the power generation subsystem into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and meanwhile, an electrochemical power supply is called to supply power to the electrolytic cell.
Two specific examples of applications are provided below to determine the effectiveness of the above-described hydrogen production system and control method:
aiming at the characteristic that the current density generated by power generation of renewable energy sources is unstable, a hybrid hydrogen production system coupling an alkaline electrolysis system and an electrochemical power supply is provided, wherein the alkaline electrolysis system is an alkaline water electrolysis system, the rated power is 5MW, the hydrogen production efficiency is 1000Nm3/h, and the rated current is 6000A; the electrochemical power supply is a lithium ion battery with the rated power of 2 MW. When the current input of the power generation end of the renewable energy source is 8000A, the current is distributed, 6000A stable current is used for hydrogen production of the electrolysis system, 2000A charges the lithium ion battery, and the stable operation of the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem is effectively guaranteed.
Aiming at the characteristic that the current density generated by the power generation of the renewable energy source is unstable, a hybrid hydrogen production system coupling an alkaline electrolysis system and an electrochemical power supply is provided, wherein the alkaline electrolysis system is an alkaline water electrolysis system, the rated power is 5MW, the hydrogen production efficiency is 1000Nm3/h, and the rated current is 6000A; the electrochemical power supply is a lithium ion battery with the rated power of 2 MW. When the current input of the power generation end of the renewable energy source is 4000A, the working input current of the electrolysis system for producing hydrogen is stabilized at 5000A through current distribution, wherein 1000A current is provided by a lithium ion battery.
From the two application examples, the mixed hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment can effectively ensure the stable operation of the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production son state.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with an electrochemical power supply is characterized by comprising an alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, a shunt module, the electrochemical power supply and a power generation subsystem; the power generation subsystem is connected with the shunt module; the electrochemical power supply and the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem are respectively connected to the shunt module; and the shunting module shunts the output current of the power generation subsystem according to the preset rated current and the lowest working current of the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem.
2. The system for hybrid hydrogen production coupled with an electrochemical power supply according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem comprises an alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production device and an alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device; the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device are respectively connected to the shunting module.
3. The system for hybrid hydrogen production coupled with an electrochemical power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device comprises an alkaline water electrolysis tank, an alkaline water circulation device and a gas-liquid separation device; and the alkali liquor circulating equipment and the gas-liquid separating equipment are respectively connected to the alkali liquor electrolytic cell.
4. The hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with an electrochemical power supply according to claim 3, wherein the alkaline water electrolyzer is assembled by positive and negative electrodes, a diaphragm and an end plate.
5. The system for hybrid hydrogen production coupled with an electrochemical power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that the alkaline membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device comprises an alkaline water electrolysis tank, an alkaline water circulation device and a gas-liquid separation device; and the alkali liquor circulating equipment and the gas-liquid separating equipment are respectively connected to the alkali liquor electrolytic cell.
6. The hybrid hydrogen production system coupled with an electrochemical power supply according to claim 5, wherein the alkaline water electrolyzer is assembled by positive and negative electrodes, an alkaline membrane and an end plate.
7. The system for hybrid hydrogen production coupled with an electrochemical power source according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the number of the alkaline water electrolysis cells is single or multiple.
8. The hybrid hydrogen generation system coupled with an electrochemical power source according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the electrochemical power source is specifically: high energy density energy storage devices that store energy through electrochemistry.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the electrochemical power source is a lead-acid battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium battery, a bi-ion battery, or an aqueous battery.
10. A control method for the hybrid hydrogen production system of claim 1, wherein the control method comprises:
step 1: the power generation subsystem converts renewable energy into direct current and inputs the direct current into the shunt module;
step 2: the shunt module detects the output current value of the power generation subsystem;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is higher than the rated current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module distributes 100% of current required by the working condition to the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and inputs the residual current into the electrochemical power supply;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is lower than the rated current of the electrolytic cell but higher than the lowest working current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module inputs the output current of the power generation subsystem into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and simultaneously calls an electrochemical power supply to regulate and control the current input into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, so that the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem is in a stable working interval;
if the output current of the power generation subsystem is lower than the lowest working current of the electrolytic cell, the shunt module inputs the output current of the power generation subsystem into the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, and meanwhile, an electrochemical power supply is called to supply power to the electrolytic cell.
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