CN114374220A - Electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system and control method - Google Patents
Electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 317
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 317
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 24
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
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- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/008—Systems for storing electric energy using hydrogen as energy vector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system and a control method, which expand the application scene and efficiency of the system through technical coupling; the power smoothing and short-term storage of the fluctuating electric power are realized through electrochemical battery coupling; active absorption and long-term storage of fluctuating power are realized through water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling; the electrochemical battery and the hydrogen production system are operated in a combined manner, so that the power supply and operation stability of the hydrogen production system are improved, and the service life is prolonged; meanwhile, the electrochemical cell system can provide a starting power supply for hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell devices under an off-grid condition, and the coupling system is suitable for being matched with a renewable energy power generation field area to be applied, so that the renewable energy development capacity is maximized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources, and particularly relates to an electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by water electrolysis-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system and a control method.
Background
Renewable energy power such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like becomes an important development direction of energy transformation in China due to the advantages of environmental protection, no exhaustion crisis, safety, reliability, short construction period and the like. However, renewable energy power has the characteristics of randomness and intermittence, so that grid connection, regulation, consumption and storage are difficult; meanwhile, factors such as uneven distribution of renewable energy resources and delayed construction of power delivery channels form a barrier for further development and utilization of renewable energy power.
The energy storage is an effective way for improving the output characteristic of large-scale renewable energy sources, improving the response of a demand side, clipping peaks and filling valleys and consuming renewable energy source power. Two of the fastest growing energy storage technologies currently include electrochemical energy storage and hydrogen energy storage. Among them, electrochemical energy storage has the advantages of flexible configuration, rapid response, and convenient integration, but it can only satisfy short-term electrical energy storage, and cannot actively consume renewable energy power. The hydrogen energy storage is based on clean mutual conversion between electric energy and hydrogen energy realized by a water electrolysis hydrogen production technology and a fuel cell technology, and the prepared hydrogen can be stably stored in a gas, liquid and solid form, so that the hydrogen energy storage is considered as an effective way for realizing time-span, region-span and large-scale storage of electric power.
However, the fluctuation and intermittence of the power of the renewable energy source can impact the stable operation of the hydrogen production system, the hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis only operates within the range of 50% -100% of rated power due to the limitation of an operation mechanism, and risks exist when the hydrogen production system operates under the condition of overhigh or overlow power. Under the condition of power fluctuation, the response time of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is more than minutes; for the hydrogen production by water electrolysis of a proton exchange membrane, the input power fluctuation influences the service life of a catalyst and a diaphragm of a hydrogen production system, and the operation stability of the system is damaged. On the other hand, compared with the electrochemical cell, the hydrogen fuel cell has slow starting time and response time, and has limitations in application in the scenes of system frequency modulation, electric energy quality improvement and the like. Therefore, the stability of the hydrogen production system by water electrolysis of the coupled renewable energy sources needs to be improved, and the application scene of the hydrogen energy storage system is expanded.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by water electrolysis-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system, which addresses the drawbacks of the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system comprises an electrochemical cell system, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen fuel cell power generation device, an AC/DC device, a DC/AC device, a circuit breaker, a transformer and an energy management system;
the electrochemical battery system is bidirectionally connected with an AC bus of the field area through an AC/DC device and a transformer, and the output end of the electrochemical battery system is connected with the input end of the electrolytic water hydrogen production through the DC/DC device;
the input end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected with an external input AC bus through an AC/DC device and a transformer;
the hydrogen storage device is connected with the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device through pipelines;
the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device can utilize hydrogen input by the hydrogen storage device and ambient input air to generate direct current and is connected with the AC bus of the field area through the DC/AC device and the transformer.
While adopting the technical scheme, the invention can also adopt or combine the following technical scheme:
as a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the electrochemical cell system can accept the energy management system to schedule selective output power to the AC bus of the site or to the electrolytic water hydrogen plant via the DC/DC device.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can independently or simultaneously utilize an electrochemical cell system to convert input power through a DC/DC device, an external AC bus works through the input power after the input power is changed by a transformer and the AC/DC device, and electric energy is converted into hydrogen.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the energy management system can adjust the running state of the coupled energy storage system in real time according to the power of the power generation system, the grid-connected limiting power and the running state of the system under the grid-connected condition:
when the power generation power of the accessed power generation system is larger than the sum of the grid-connected limiting power and the electrolyzed water rated power, the energy management system dispatches the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device to convert redundant electric energy into hydrogen, and meanwhile, the electrochemical battery system is in a charging state;
when the power generation power of the connected power generation system is less than or equal to the sum of the grid-connected limiting power and the electrolyzed water rated power, if the electrolyzed water device is operated, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a discharge mode to supply power for the hydrogen production system, the hydrogen production power is maintained to be stable, and if the electrolyzed water device is not started, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a charging state;
when the power generation power of the power generation system is smaller than the rated power of the electrolyzed water, the energy management system can schedule the electrochemical battery system to supply power for the hydrogen production system, and the stability of the input power of the hydrogen production system is maintained.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the energy management system can adjust the running state of the coupling energy storage system in real time according to the power of the power generation system, the user demand and the running state of the system under the off-grid condition:
when the power generation power of the connected power generation system is larger than the rated power of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the energy management system dispatches the hydrogen production device by water electrolysis to convert electric energy into hydrogen, and the electrochemical battery system is in a charging state; if the power generation power of the power generation system is connected to be between the rated power and the operable power for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the hydrogen production by water electrolysis is maintained to be operated, and the electrochemical cell is in a standby state.
When the power generation power of the connected power generation system is smaller than the operable power of the electrolyzed water, if the water electrolysis device is operated and the electrochemical cell is in a charged state, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a discharge mode to supply power to the hydrogen production system, so that the stability of the hydrogen production power is maintained; and if the electrochemical battery is in a power-off state, the electrochemical battery is scheduled to be in a charging state.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device is connected with the output end of the electrochemical cell system through the DC/DC device, when the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is started, the auxiliary equipment supplies power through the electrochemical cell system, and after the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is started, the auxiliary equipment can generate power through the hydrogen fuel cell and supply power to the hydrogen fuel cell system, so that the system is started under the condition of power grid outage.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a control method of the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system under the grid-connected condition, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the control method of the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system under the grid-connected condition comprises the following steps:
the energy management system in the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system can monitor the running state of each subsystem in real time, and regulate the running state of the coupled energy storage system according to the power of the power generation system, the grid-connected limited power and the user requirements: under the condition of grid connection, when the power generation system is accessed and power is abandoned, the coupling energy storage system is started;
1) if the abandoned electric power is larger than the sum of the hydrogen production rated power and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery, the energy management system schedules the water electrolysis hydrogen production device to operate at the rated power, and meanwhile, the electrochemical battery system is in the maximum power charging state;
2) if the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode and the electric power is abandoned to be greater than or equal to the rated power of hydrogen production, the hydrogen production system operates at the rated power;
3) if the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode, the abandoned electric power is smaller than the hydrogen production rated power, and the electrochemical cell is in a charged state, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a discharging mode to supply power for the hydrogen production system, and the hydrogen production power is maintained to be stable; (ii) a
4) If the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode, the abandoned electric power is smaller than the hydrogen production rated power, and the electrochemical battery is in a power-off state, the hydrogen production system is scheduled to stop working, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging mode;
5) if the water electrolysis device is in a shutdown mode and the abandoned electric power is greater than or equal to the rated power of hydrogen production, the hydrogen production system is scheduled to be started, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging state;
6) and if the water electrolysis device is in a shutdown mode and the abandoned electric power is smaller than the rated power of hydrogen production, maintaining the hydrogen production system to be inactive and scheduling the electrochemical battery to be in a charging state.
The invention also aims to provide a control method of the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system under the off-grid condition, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the control method of the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system under the off-grid condition comprises the following steps:
the energy management system in the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system can monitor the running state of each subsystem in real time, and regulate the running state of the coupled energy storage system according to the power accessed into the power generation system and the running state of the system: under off-grid conditions:
1) if the power of the power generation system is larger than the sum of the rated power of hydrogen production and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery, the energy management system schedules the hydrogen production device by water electrolysis to operate at the rated power, and meanwhile, the electrochemical battery system is in the maximum power charging state;
2) if the power of the power generation system is higher than the rated power of hydrogen production but not lower than the sum of the rated power of hydrogen production and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery, the hydrogen production system operates at the rated power;
3) if the power of the power generation system is higher than the operable power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system but lower than the rated hydrogen production power, the hydrogen production system operates;
4) if the power of the power generation system is less than the hydrogen production running power, the hydrogen production system is in a starting mode, and if the electrochemical cell is in a charge state, the electrochemical cell supplies power to the hydrogen production system; if the electrochemical battery is in a power-off state, the hydrogen production system is shut down, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging mode;
5) and if the power of the accessed power generation system is smaller than the hydrogen production running power, and the hydrogen production system is in a shutdown mode, the hydrogen production system is kept not to act, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging state.
The invention provides an electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system and a control method, which expand the application scene and efficiency of the system through technical coupling; the power smoothing and short-term storage of the fluctuating electric power are realized through electrochemical battery coupling; active absorption and long-term storage of fluctuating power are realized through water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling; the electrochemical battery and the hydrogen production system are operated in a combined manner, so that the power supply and operation stability of the hydrogen production system are improved, and the service life is prolonged; meanwhile, the electrochemical cell system can provide a starting power supply for hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell devices under an off-grid condition, and the coupling system is suitable for being matched with a renewable energy power generation field area to be applied, so that the renewable energy development capacity is maximized.
The invention can store fluctuating electric power such as photovoltaic/wind power generation and the like in the form of electric energy and hydrogen energy for a short time or a long time according to the requirements of users; meanwhile, when the input electric energy has large fluctuation, the stability of the input power of the hydrogen production system is improved by the combined operation of the electrochemical cell system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production device; and the development capability of renewable energy resources is improved through the coordination and interaction of all the systems.
Compared with the prior art, the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system and the control method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) compared with the traditional single water electrolysis hydrogen production system, in the process of 'electricity-to-hydrogen' coupling with renewable energy source electricity, the fluctuation and intermittence of input power greatly influence the operation safety and stability of the hydrogen production system, and the energy consumption of the system is increased; the invention can utilize the electrochemical cell in the system to stabilize the input power fluctuation of the hydrogen system when the input power fluctuates sharply, and realize the stable 'electricity-to-hydrogen' process coupled with the fluctuating power supply.
(2) Compared with the traditional single electrochemical cell energy storage system, when grid-connected power is limited or external load power is insufficient, the energy storage is difficult to improve the consumption of renewable energy sources.
(3) Compared with the traditional energy storage product which is single electric energy or hydrogen energy, the hydrogen energy and electric energy storage device can realize that the energy storage product is hydrogen energy and electric energy with adjustable proportion by regulating and controlling the configuration and control strategy of the hydrogen production and electrochemical cell, and has richer application scenes.
(4) The output end of the electrochemical cell system and the input end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device are connected through DC/DC, so that system elements are simplified, energy loss caused by power electronic conversion is reduced, and the system can be started under off-grid conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control method of an electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by water electrolysis-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system under grid-connected conditions.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a control method of an electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by water electrolysis-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system under an off-grid condition.
Fig. 4 is a power output diagram of the electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an electrochemical cell-electrolyzed water hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system comprises an electrochemical cell system, an electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen fuel cell power generation device, an AC/DC device, a DC/AC device, a circuit breaker, a transformer, and an energy management system.
The electrochemical battery system passes through an AC/DC device and a circuit breaker K1And the transformer #1 is connected with the AC bus of the field area in a bidirectional way; at the same time, the output end of the electrochemical battery passes through a circuit breaker K2The DC/DC device is connected with the input end of the hydrogen production by the electrolytic water, and a circuit breaker K3The DC/DC device is connected with the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell; the input end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is simultaneously connected with an AC bus of the field area through an AC/DC device, a circuit breaker, an AC/DC device and a transformer # 2; the output end of the hydrogen fuel cell device passes through a DC/AC device and a circuit breaker K5And a transformer #3 is connected with the field AC bus; external unstable power is input to the coupled energy storage through an AC bus, and the AC bus of the system is simultaneously input to the coupled energy storage through a breaker K5And controlling the system to be accessed to a power grid or an external load.
The electrochemical cell system may accept the energy management system to schedule selective output power to the system AC bus or to the electrolyzed water hydrogen plant via the DC/DC device.
The water electrolysis hydrogen production device can independently or simultaneously utilize an electrochemical cell system to convert input power through a DC/DC device, and the field AC bus is changed through a transformer and an AC/DC device to input power to work, and electric energy is converted into hydrogen.
The hydrogen storage device is connected with the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device through pipelines; the output end of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device is connected with a system AC bus through a DC/AC device and a transformer.
The energy management system can monitor the running state of each subsystem in real time, and regulate the running state of the coupled energy storage system according to the power of the power generation system, the grid-connected limited power and the user requirements: when K6 is closed, the coupled energy storage system is in a grid-connected state, as shown in fig. 2. Under the condition of grid connection, when the power generation system is accessed and power is abandoned, the coupling energy storage system is started;
1) when the abandoned electric power is larger than the sum of the rated power of hydrogen production and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery (delta P-Ps)> PH amount+PE) The energy management system dispatches the water electrolysis hydrogen production device to convert redundant electric energy into hydrogen, and meanwhile, the electrochemical cell system is in a maximum power charging state;
2) if the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode and the abandoned electric power is greater than or equal to the rated power of hydrogen production, the hydrogen production system operates at the rated power, and the charging power P of the energy storage systemE =ΔP-Ps-PH amount；
3) If the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode, the abandoned electric power is smaller than the hydrogen production rated power, and the electrochemical cell is in a charge state, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a discharge mode to supply power for the hydrogen production system, and the hydrogen production power is maintained to be stable; discharge power P of energy storage systemE= PH amount-（ΔP-Ps）；
4) If the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode, the abandoned electric power is smaller than the rated power for hydrogen production, and the electrochemical battery is in a power-off state, the hydrogen production system is scheduled to stop working, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging mode PE=ΔP-Ps；
5) If the water electrolysis device is in a shutdown mode and the abandoned electric power is greater than or equal to the maximum charging power of the electrochemical cell, the hydrogen production system is scheduled to be started, the electrochemical cell is in a charging state, and the charging power P isE= ΔP-Ps-PH amount；
6) If the water electrolysis device is in a shutdown mode and the abandoned electric power is smaller than the maximum charging power of the electrochemical battery, the electrochemical battery is scheduled to be in a charging mode with the charging power PE= ΔP-Ps。
The energy management system can monitor the running state of each subsystem in real time, and regulate the running state of the coupling energy storage system according to the power accessed into the power generation system and the running state of the system: as shown in fig. 3, when K6 is in the off state, i.e., the coupled energy storage system is in the off-grid state. Under off-grid conditions:
1) if the power of the power generation system is larger than the sum of the rated power of hydrogen production and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery (delta P)> PH amount+PE) The energy management system schedules the water electrolysis hydrogen production device to operate at rated power, and meanwhile, the electrochemical battery system is in a maximum power charging state;
2) if the power of the power generation system is higher than the rated power of hydrogen production but not lower than the sum of the rated power of hydrogen production and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery (P)H amount+PE ≥ ΔP > PH amount) Then the hydrogen production system is operated at rated power, and the charging power P of the electrochemical battery systemE =ΔP-PH；
3) If the power of the connected power generation system is larger than the operable power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system but smaller than the rated power of hydrogen production, the operating power P of the hydrogen production systemH= ΔP；
4) If the power of the power generation system is less than the hydrogen production running power, the hydrogen production system is in a starting mode, if the electrochemical cell is in a charge state, the electrochemical cell supplies power to the hydrogen production system, and the discharge power PE= PH- Δ P; if the electrochemical cell is in a power-off state, the hydrogen production system is shut down, and the electrochemical cell is in a charging mode PE=ΔP；
5) If the power of the power generation system is less than the hydrogen production running power and the hydrogen production system is in the shutdown mode, the hydrogen production system is maintained to be inactive, the electrochemical battery is in the charging state, and the charging power P isE= ΔP。
The full text is as follows: delta P is the power of the power generation system, Ps is the limit power of the grid connection, PEFor charging and discharging power of electrochemical cells, PHFor hydrogen production system power, PH amountAnd PH minRated and minimum operable power for the hydrogen production system, respectively.
More specifically, electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-a hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system comprising a 15MW/30MWh electrochemical cell system, a 15MW water electrolysis hydrogen production system, 100 m3 1.6 MPa cylindrical hydrogen storage device, 3000 kW hydrogen fuel cell power generation device, AC/DC device, DC/AC device, circuit breaker, transformer and energy management system; the coupling energy storage system is used for photovoltaic field matched energy storage with rated power of 100 MW: the daily output curve of the photovoltaic field area on a certain day is shown in fig. 4, and according to the power grid dispatching requirement, the photovoltaic grid-connected power P is obtained from 10 am to 14 pm every dayS=60 MW。
10: 50-11: 40, the generated power of the photovoltaic field is more than 60MW and less than or equal to delta P and less than or equal to 75MW, the energy management system schedules the electrochemical cell system to be in a charging mode, and the charging power PE=ΔP-PS。
11: 40-12: 20, the generated power of the photovoltaic field is more than 75MW and less than or equal to 90 MW, and the energy management system schedules the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to have rated power PHOperation, the hydrogen storage device is operated to store the produced hydrogen in the storage tank while the electrochemical cell system continues to be in a charging mode with a charging power PE=ΔP-PS-PH。
12: 20-13: 00, the generated power of the photovoltaic field is more than 60MW and less than or equal to delta P and less than or equal to 75MW, the energy management system schedules the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate at rated power, and simultaneously schedules the electrochemical cell system to be in a discharge mode with discharge power PE= PH+PS-ΔP。
13: 00-13: 25, the generating power of the photovoltaic field is more than 75MW and less than or equal to 90 MW, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system continues to use the rated power PHOperating while the energy management system schedules the electrochemical cell system to continue in a charging mode with a charging power PE=ΔP-PS-PH。
13: 25-14: 00, the generated power of the photovoltaic field is more than 60MW and less than or equal to delta P and less than or equal to 75MW, the energy management system schedules the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate at rated power, and simultaneously schedules the electrochemical cell system to be in a discharge mode with discharge power PE= PH+PS-ΔP。
14: and after 00, stopping the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and receiving power grid dispatching by the electrochemical battery system.
Meanwhile, under the condition of power grid outage, the energy management system dispatches the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device to generate direct current by utilizing hydrogen input by the hydrogen storage device and ambient input air, and supplies power to the AC bus of the field area through the DC/AC device and the transformer; when the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is started, the auxiliary equipment supplies power through the electrochemical cell system, and after the starting is finished, the auxiliary equipment can generate power through the hydrogen fuel cell and supply power to the system in a self-powered mode, so that the system is started under the condition of power grid outage.
By the combined operation of electrochemical cell, hydrogen production and hydrogen storage, the electricity abandoning amount of the photovoltaic field can be effectively absorbed and converted into hydrogen products, and the hydrogen production system always works near the rated power under the condition of fluctuating power input, thereby being beneficial to improving the operation stability of the system.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system is characterized in that: the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system comprises an electrochemical cell system, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen fuel cell power generation device, an AC/DC device, a DC/AC device, a circuit breaker, a transformer and an energy management system;
the electrochemical battery system is bidirectionally connected with an AC bus of the field area through an AC/DC device and a transformer, and the output end of the electrochemical battery system is connected with the input end of the electrolytic water hydrogen production through the DC/DC device;
the input end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected with an external input AC bus through an AC/DC device and a transformer;
the hydrogen storage device is connected with the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device through pipelines;
the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device can utilize hydrogen input by the hydrogen storage device and ambient input air to generate direct current and is connected with the AC bus of the field area through the DC/AC device and the transformer.
2. The electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the electrochemical cell system can accept the energy management system to schedule selective output power to the AC bus of the site or to the electrolytic water hydrogen plant via the DC/DC device.
3. The electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can independently or simultaneously utilize an electrochemical cell system to convert input power through a DC/DC device, an external AC bus works through the input power after the input power is changed by a transformer and the AC/DC device, and electric energy is converted into hydrogen.
4. The electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: under the condition of grid connection, the energy management system can adjust the running state of the coupled energy storage system in real time according to the power of the power generation system, the grid connection limiting power and the running state of the system:
when the power generation power of the accessed power generation system is larger than the sum of the grid-connected limiting power and the electrolyzed water rated power, the energy management system dispatches the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device to convert redundant electric energy into hydrogen, and meanwhile, the electrochemical battery system is in a charging state;
when the power generation power of the connected power generation system is less than or equal to the sum of the grid-connected limiting power and the electrolyzed water rated power, if the electrolyzed water device is operated, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a discharge mode to supply power for the hydrogen production system, the hydrogen production power is maintained to be stable, and if the electrolyzed water device is not started, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a charging state;
when the power generation power of the power generation system is smaller than the rated power of the electrolyzed water, the energy management system can schedule the electrochemical battery system to supply power for the hydrogen production system, and the stability of the input power of the hydrogen production system is maintained.
5. The electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: under the off-grid condition, the energy management system can adjust the running state of the coupled energy storage system in real time according to the power of the power generation system, the user demand and the running state of the system:
when the power generation power of the connected power generation system is larger than the rated power of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the energy management system dispatches the hydrogen production device by water electrolysis to convert electric energy into hydrogen, and the electrochemical battery system is in a charging state; if the power generation power of the power generation system is connected to be between the rated power and the operable power for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the hydrogen production by water electrolysis is maintained to be operated, and the electrochemical cell is in a standby state.
6. When the power generation power of the connected power generation system is smaller than the operable power of the electrolyzed water, if the water electrolysis device is operated and the electrochemical cell is in a charged state, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a discharge mode to supply power to the hydrogen production system, so that the stability of the hydrogen production power is maintained; and if the electrochemical battery is in a power-off state, the electrochemical battery is scheduled to be in a charging state.
7. The electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device is connected with the output end of the electrochemical cell system through the DC/DC device, when the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is started, the auxiliary equipment supplies power through the electrochemical cell system, and after the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is started, the auxiliary equipment can generate power through the hydrogen fuel cell and supply power to the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the system is started under an off-grid condition.
8. The control method of the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupling energy storage system under the grid-connected condition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the energy management system in the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system can monitor the running state of each subsystem in real time, and regulate the running state of the coupled energy storage system according to the power of the power generation system, the grid-connected limited power and the user requirements: under the condition of grid connection, when the power generation system is accessed and power is abandoned, the coupling energy storage system is started;
1) if the abandoned electric power is larger than the sum of the hydrogen production rated power and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery, the energy management system schedules the water electrolysis hydrogen production device to operate at the rated power, and meanwhile, the electrochemical battery system is in the maximum power charging state;
2) if the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode and the electric power is abandoned to be greater than or equal to the rated power of hydrogen production, the hydrogen production system operates at the rated power;
3) if the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode, the abandoned electric power is smaller than the hydrogen production rated power, and the electrochemical cell is in a charged state, the electrochemical cell is scheduled to be in a discharging mode to supply power for the hydrogen production system, and the hydrogen production power is maintained to be stable; (ii) a
4) If the water electrolysis device is in a starting mode, the abandoned electric power is smaller than the hydrogen production rated power, and the electrochemical battery is in a power-off state, the hydrogen production system is scheduled to stop working, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging mode;
5) if the water electrolysis device is in a shutdown mode and the abandoned electric power is greater than or equal to the rated power of hydrogen production, the hydrogen production system is scheduled to be started, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging state;
6) and if the water electrolysis device is in a shutdown mode and the abandoned electric power is smaller than the rated power of hydrogen production, maintaining the hydrogen production system to be inactive and scheduling the electrochemical battery to be in a charging state.
9. The control method of the electrochemical cell-hydrogen production by electrolysis of water-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system under the off-grid condition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the energy management system in the electrochemical cell-water electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage-hydrogen fuel cell coupled energy storage system can monitor the running state of each subsystem in real time, and regulate the running state of the coupled energy storage system according to the power accessed into the power generation system and the running state of the system: under off-grid conditions:
1) if the power of the power generation system is larger than the sum of the rated power of hydrogen production and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery, the energy management system schedules the hydrogen production device by water electrolysis to operate at the rated power, and meanwhile, the electrochemical battery system is in the maximum power charging state;
2) if the power of the power generation system is higher than the rated power of hydrogen production but not lower than the sum of the rated power of hydrogen production and the maximum charging power of the energy storage battery, the hydrogen production system operates at the rated power;
3) if the power of the power generation system is higher than the operable power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system but lower than the rated hydrogen production power, the hydrogen production system operates;
4) if the power of the power generation system is less than the hydrogen production running power, the hydrogen production system is in a starting mode, and if the electrochemical cell is in a charge state, the electrochemical cell supplies power to the hydrogen production system; if the electrochemical battery is in a power-off state, the hydrogen production system is shut down, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging mode;
5) and if the power of the accessed power generation system is smaller than the hydrogen production running power, and the hydrogen production system is in a shutdown mode, the hydrogen production system is kept not to act, and the electrochemical battery is in a charging state.
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