CN114908346A - 一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法 - Google Patents
一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,在模具数控加工过程中,对预定进行激光熔覆硬质合金强化的区域加工去除0.5~1.0mm厚度的尺寸,为激光熔覆硬质合金留出尺寸空间,使用Co含量为8~20%的预合金化的球形WC‑Co合金粉末作为原材料,按照模具需要强化的区域,设定扫描路径,并编制机械臂运动程序,采用激光功率为1000~5000W,熔池直径2~6mm,送粉速度为15~50g/min,搭接率20%~60%,扫描速率为8~20mm/s的工艺参数在模具需要强化的位置进行强化,操作机械臂按照设定的运动程序激光熔覆硬质合金。本发明方法采用激光熔覆的方法在冲压拉伸模具的薄弱区域制作厚度可达0.5~1.0mm的硬质合金层,硬度可达到1400~1600HV,可以使模具在不经过淬火的条件下获得长使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法领域,特别涉及一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法。
背景技术
冲压拉伸模具是一类重要的成型模具,在其工作过程中,R角区域承受最大的应力,因此成为冲压拉伸模最容易被磨损的位置。由于磨损使得模具R角位置毛化从而造成成型零件表面质量下降,需要进行打磨抛光处理。更严重的磨损造成模具的尺寸发生变化达到使成型零件的尺寸不符合设计要求时,模具需要报废。因此,制约冲压拉伸模具寿命的是模具R角区域的使用寿命,在模具生产中,为了延长冲压拉伸模具的寿命,常需要对该区域进行特殊强化处理,常用的强化方法包括感应淬火,激光淬火,物理气相沉积(PVD)TiN,CrN,TiAlN,TiCN等硬质薄膜,渗碳,渗氮处理,TD覆层处理等。淬火和渗碳,渗氮等热处理方法可将模具表面硬度提高至60~70HRC,其耐磨性有限,且由于淬火而形成的淬火应力可使模具材料的塑性和韧性下降,使用过程易出现局部开裂和掉块的损伤而使模具报废。PVD薄膜和TD覆层的硬度很高,但是厚度仅有数微米至数十微米,因此在使用过程中容易因为失去涂层而使模具变得不耐磨。硬质合金也被用来制造模具,具有长寿面,高表面质量的使用优势,但整体采用硬质合金制造模具的成本极高,且对如汽车模具这样的大型模具,整体用硬质合金在制造技术上是不切实际的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,包括一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:在模具数控加工过程中,对预定进行激光熔覆硬质合金强化的区域加工去除0.5~1.0mm的尺寸,为激光熔覆硬质合金留出尺寸空间;
步骤二:使用Co含量为8~20%的预合金化的球形WC-Co合金粉末作为原材料;
步骤三:按照模具需要强化的区域,设定扫描路径,并编制机械臂运动程序;
步骤四:采用激光功率为1000~5000W,熔池直径2~6mm,送粉速度为15~50g/min,搭接率20%~60%,扫描速率为8~20mm/s的工艺参数在模具需要强化的位置进行强化,操作机械臂按照设定的运动程序激光熔覆硬质合金;
步骤五:模具上的激光熔覆硬质合金层的余量采用打磨的方法去除,达到模具设计尺寸要求,再进行表面抛光后使用。
优选的,在步骤二中,粉末颗粒直径尺寸范围为50~180μm。
优选的,在步骤四中,激光熔覆硬质合金层具有0.1~0.3mm厚度的加工余量。
本发明的技术效果和优点:本发明方法采用激光熔覆的方法在冲压拉伸模具的薄弱区域制作厚度可达0.5~1.0mm的硬质合金层,硬度可达到1400~1600HV,可以使模具在不经过淬火的条件下获得长使用寿命,熔覆的硬质合金与模具基体间冶金结合,结合强度高,使用时不易剥落。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,包括一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:在模具数控加工过程中,对预定进行激光熔覆硬质合金强化的区域加工去除0.5~1.0mm的尺寸,为激光熔覆硬质合金留出尺寸空间;
步骤二:使用Co含量为8~20%的预合金化的球形WC-Co合金粉末作为原材料,粉末颗粒直径尺寸范围为50~180μm;
步骤三:按照模具需要强化的区域,设定扫描路径,并编制机械臂运动程序;
步骤四:采用激光功率为1000~5000W,熔池直径2~6mm,送粉速度为15~50g/min,搭接率20%~60%,扫描速率为8~20mm/s的工艺参数在模具需要强化的位置进行强化,操作机械臂按照设定的运动程序激光熔覆硬质合金,激光熔覆硬质合金层具有0.1~0.3mm厚度的加工余量;采用99.9%纯度的氩气作为粉末输送气体和保护气体,粉末载气流量8~15L/min,保护气体流量5~15L/min;
步骤五:模具上的激光熔覆硬质合金层的余量采用打磨的方法去除,达到模具设计尺寸要求,再进行表面抛光后使用。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:在模具数控加工过程中,对预定进行激光熔覆硬质合金强化的区域加工去除0.5~1.0mm厚度的尺寸,为激光熔覆硬质合金留出尺寸空间;
步骤二:使用Co含量为8~20%的预合金化的球形WC-Co合金粉末作为原材料;
步骤三:按照模具需要强化的区域,设定扫描路径,并编制机械臂运动程序;
步骤四:采用激光功率为1000~5000W,熔池直径2~6mm,送粉速度为15~50g/min,搭接率20%~60%,扫描速率为8~20mm/s的工艺参数在模具需要强化的位置进行强化,操作机械臂按照设定的运动程序激光熔覆硬质合金;采用99.9%纯度的氩气作为粉末输送气体和保护气体,粉末载气流量8~15L/min,保护气体流量5~15L/min;
步骤五:模具上的激光熔覆硬质合金层的余量采用打磨的方法去除,达到模具设计尺寸要求,再进行表面抛光后使用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,其特征在于,在步骤二中,粉末颗粒直径尺寸范围为50~180μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种冲压拉伸模具激光熔覆硬质合金强化方法,其特征在于,在步骤四中,激光熔覆硬质合金层具有0.1~0.3mm厚度的加工余量。
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华融证券3D打印研究小组: "《透视3D打印 资本的视角》", 30 April 2017, 中国经济出版社, pages: 114 - 115 * |
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