CN114907633A - 一种耐根穿刺pe/poe复合防水卷材、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种耐根穿刺pe/poe复合防水卷材、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN114907633A
CN114907633A CN202210510325.9A CN202210510325A CN114907633A CN 114907633 A CN114907633 A CN 114907633A CN 202210510325 A CN202210510325 A CN 202210510325A CN 114907633 A CN114907633 A CN 114907633A
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poe composite
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胡先海
徐德明
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Hefei Zhongkekaichen New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材、制备方法及其应用，包括PE/POE复合膜胎基，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基厚度为0.4～1.2mm；所述PE/POE复合膜胎基包括以下质量份原料：聚乙烯50～90份、乙烯‑辛烯共聚物10～50份、聚苯乙烯15～20份、环氧丙烯酸酯20～30份、顺丁烯二酸15～20份、引发剂1～1.5份、反应型阻燃剂10～15份、玻璃粉25～35份、乙烯基硅烷偶联剂3～5份；所述反应型阻燃剂由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍按(2～4)：1的质量比混合而成。本发明中的耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，具有绿色环保、无污染等特点，施工工艺简化，具有耐根穿刺与防水效果优异、使用寿命长等特点，同时又具有高弹性、高强度、高伸长率等性能。

Description

一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材、制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于防水建筑材料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
随着我国城市化的高速发展，建筑面积急剧增加，城市生态环境日益恶化。解决上述问题的有效途径之一是发展种植屋面。种植屋面是以绿化植物为主要覆盖物，增加城市绿化覆盖率，可保护屋顶表面，降低紫外线侵害，延长屋面系统寿命。耐根穿刺防水材料是种植屋面系统推广的关键之一。
目前，耐根穿刺的防水卷材在制备中还存在以下缺陷：耐根穿刺的自愈防水卷材，(1)抗根年限短；(2)物理机械性能(高弹性、高强度、高伸长率)差；(3)耐高低温性能不理想。高分子防水卷材具有良好拉伸性，以致其断裂伸长率较高、抗撕裂强度大，同时，这种材料还有优异的耐高低温和耐老化性能，是一种新型的高档防水卷材。聚乙烯(PE)是最常用的五大通用塑料之一，具有热塑性强、耐腐蚀、绝缘性能好、介电性能好等优点。然而，PE的机械性能、耐化学药品、耐热老化等性能较差，限制其领域。乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)作为一种高聚物，具有优异的弹性以及高伸长率，优异的耐老化性。利用乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)与聚乙烯(PE)复合能够得到较好的共混材料，作为防水材料具有耐根穿刺与防水效果优异，同时具有优异的物理机械性能(高弹性、高强度、高伸长率)、良好的高低温性能和耐化学药品等性能，但PE/POE复合材料的阻燃性能仍有待提高。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足之处，本发明的目的在于提供一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材、制备方法及其应用。
本发明的技术方案概述如下：
一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，包括PE/POE复合膜胎基，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基厚度为0.4～1.2mm；
所述PE/POE复合膜胎基包括以下质量份原料：聚乙烯50～90份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物10～50份、聚苯乙烯15～20份、环氧丙烯酸酯20～30份、顺丁烯二酸15～20份、引发剂1～1.5份、反应型阻燃剂10～15份、玻璃粉25～35份、乙烯基硅烷偶联剂3～5份；
所述反应型阻燃剂由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍按(2～4)：1的质量比混合而成。
优选的是，所述引发剂为过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、过氧化二异丙苯中的任意一种或几种。
优选的是，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物预先在60℃的烘箱中干燥24h；
S2：将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物与聚苯乙烯、环氧丙烯酸酯、顺丁烯二酸、引发剂、反应型阻燃剂、玻璃粉、乙烯基硅烷偶联剂加入高速搅拌机中，混合均匀；
S3：通过挤出机于140～220℃将S2所得混合物拉伸成膜；
S4：经过自然冷却后定型，即得PE/POE复合膜胎基。
优选的是，所述乙烯基硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的一种或多种。
优选的是，所述耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材还包括高分子膜，且PE/POE复合膜胎基和高分子膜的总厚度为0.6～2.2mm。
优选的是，所述高分子膜为聚乙烯膜、聚氯乙烯膜、腈纶膜、丙纶膜、涤纶膜中的任意一种。
本发明还提供所述的耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材的制备方法：140～220℃下，在PE/POE复合膜胎基上、下表面分别铺设高分子膜，进行热压复合，经冷却定型后，即得PE/POE复合防水卷材。
本发明还提供所述的耐根穿刺PE/POE防水卷材在防水建筑材料中的应用。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明利用由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍复配反应型膨胀型阻燃剂，阻燃性好，高温吸热分解释放NH3、N2、CO2、H2O(g)，降低燃烧气体浓度，并带走部分热量，达到良好协同阻燃效果，同时，季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐为笼状磷酸酯化合物，具有良好的成炭性，生成阻火炭层，进一步提高阻燃性；且本发明阻燃剂通过-NH2与顺丁烯二酸中的-COOH、环氧丙烯酸酯中环氧基发生化学交联反应，形成共价键，进而将阻燃剂稳定接枝于高分子链中，提高了PE/POE复合膜的机械强度和力学性能。
2、本发明中的耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，以PE/POE复合膜胎体为防水层，敷以高分子膜卷曲成卷，制作卷材的基材具有绿色环保、无污染等特点，施工工艺简化，具有耐根穿刺与防水效果优异、使用寿命长等特点，同时又具有高弹性、高强度、高伸长率等优异的物理机械性能、良好的高低温性能和耐化学药品等性能。
3、本发明制备工艺过程简单，易操作，施工方便，安全可靠，适用于大规模工业生产和广泛使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明PE/POE复合膜胎基的制备方法流程图；
图2为本发明耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
实施例1
一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，包括PE/POE复合膜胎基和高分子膜，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基厚度为0.4mm，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基和高分子膜的总厚度为0.6mm；
所述PE/POE复合膜胎基包括以下质量份原料：聚乙烯50份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物10份、聚苯乙烯15份、环氧丙烯酸酯20份、顺丁烯二酸15份、过氧化苯甲酰1份、反应型阻燃剂10份、玻璃粉25份、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷3份；
所述反应型阻燃剂由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍按2：1的质量比混合而成。
一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：制备PE/POE复合膜胎基：
a.将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物预先在60℃的烘箱中干燥24h；
b.将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物与聚苯乙烯、环氧丙烯酸酯、顺丁烯二酸、过氧化苯甲酰、反应型阻燃剂、玻璃粉、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷加入高速搅拌机中，混合均匀，得混合物；
c.通过挤出机于140℃将所得混合物拉伸成膜；
d.经过自然冷却后定型，即得PE/POE复合膜胎基；
S2：140℃下，在PE/POE复合膜胎基上、下表面分别铺设聚乙烯膜，进行热压复合，经冷却定型后，即得PE/POE复合防水卷材。
实施例2
一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，包括PE/POE复合膜胎基和高分子膜，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基厚度为0.7mm，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基和高分子膜的总厚度为1.5mm；
所述PE/POE复合膜胎基包括以下质量份原料：聚乙烯75份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物30份、聚苯乙烯18份、环氧丙烯酸酯25份、顺丁烯二酸18份、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯1.5份、反应型阻燃剂13份、玻璃粉30份、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷4份；
所述反应型阻燃剂由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍按3：1的质量比混合而成。
一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：制备PE/POE复合膜胎基：
a.将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物预先在60℃的烘箱中干燥24h；
b.将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物与聚苯乙烯、环氧丙烯酸酯、顺丁烯二酸、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、反应型阻燃剂、玻璃粉、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷加入高速搅拌机中，混合均匀，得混合物；
c.通过挤出机于180℃将所得混合物拉伸成膜；
d.经过自然冷却后定型，即得PE/POE复合膜胎基；
S2：180℃下，在PE/POE复合膜胎基上、下表面分别铺设腈纶膜，进行热压复合，经冷却定型后，即得PE/POE复合防水卷材。
实施例3
一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，包括PE/POE复合膜胎基和高分子膜，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基厚度为1.2mm，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基和腈纶膜的总厚度为2.2mm；
所述PE/POE复合膜胎基包括以下质量份原料：聚乙烯90份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物50份、聚苯乙烯20份、环氧丙烯酸酯30份、顺丁烯二酸20份、过氧化二异丙苯1.5份、反应型阻燃剂15份、玻璃粉35份、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷5份；
所述反应型阻燃剂由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍按4：1的质量比混合而成。
一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：制备PE/POE复合膜胎基：
a.将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物预先在60℃的烘箱中干燥24h；
b.将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物与聚苯乙烯、环氧丙烯酸酯、顺丁烯二酸、过氧化二异丙苯、反应型阻燃剂、玻璃粉、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷加入高速搅拌机中，混合均匀，得混合物；
c.通过挤出机于220℃将所得混合物拉伸成膜；
d.经过自然冷却后定型，即得PE/POE复合膜胎基；
S2：220℃下，在PE/POE复合膜胎基上、下表面分别铺设丙纶膜，进行热压复合，经冷却定型后，即得PE/POE复合防水卷材。
实施例4：以纯PE/POE复合膜作为防水卷材(即不需要与高分子膜复合)，制备方法与实施例3中的PE/POE复合膜胎基的制备方法一致，厚度为1.2mm，成型后两面是光面，采取热风焊接方式进行敷设。
对比例为市售耐根穿刺的防水卷材。
对实施例1～4及对比例制出的耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材的性能进行检测，试验结果如下表所示：
Figure BDA0003637501010000061
实施例1～4利用由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍复配反应型膨胀型阻燃剂，阻燃性好，高温吸热分解释放NH3、N2、CO2、H2O(g)，降低燃烧气体浓度，并带走部分热量，达到良好协同阻燃效果，同时，季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐为笼状磷酸酯化合物，具有良好的成炭性，生成阻火炭层，进一步提高阻燃性；且本发明阻燃剂通过-NH2与顺丁烯二酸中的-COOH、环氧丙烯酸酯中环氧基发生化学交联反应，形成共价键，进而将阻燃剂稳定接枝于高分子链中，提高了PE/POE复合膜的机械强度和力学性能。
实施例1～3中的耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，以PE/POE复合膜胎体为防水层，敷以高分子膜卷曲成卷，制作卷材的基材具有绿色环保、无污染等特点，施工工艺简化，具有耐根穿刺与防水效果优异、使用寿命长等特点，同时又具有高弹性、高强度、高伸长率等优异的物理机械性能、良好的高低温性能和耐化学药品等性能。
实施例1～4制备工艺过程简单，易操作，施工方便，安全可靠，适用于大规模工业生产和广泛使用。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节。

Claims (8)

1.一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，其特征在于，包括PE/POE复合膜胎基，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基厚度为0.4～1.2mm；
所述PE/POE复合膜胎基包括以下质量份原料：聚乙烯50～90份、乙烯-辛烯共聚物10～50份、聚苯乙烯15～20份、环氧丙烯酸酯20～30份、顺丁烯二酸15～20份、引发剂1～1.5份、反应型阻燃剂10～15份、玻璃粉25～35份、乙烯基硅烷偶联剂3～5份；
所述反应型阻燃剂由季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐、磷酸胍按(2～4)：1的质量比混合而成。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述引发剂为过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、过氧化二异丙苯中的任意一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述PE/POE复合膜胎基的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物预先在60℃的烘箱中干燥24h；
S2：将聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物与聚苯乙烯、环氧丙烯酸酯、顺丁烯二酸、引发剂、反应型阻燃剂、玻璃粉、乙烯基硅烷偶联剂加入高速搅拌机中，混合均匀；
S3：通过挤出机于140～220℃将S2所得混合物拉伸成膜；
S4：经过自然冷却后定型，即得PE/POE复合膜胎基。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述乙烯基硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的一种或多种。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材还包括高分子膜，且PE/POE复合膜胎基和高分子膜的总厚度为0.6～2.2mm。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述高分子膜为聚乙烯膜、聚氯乙烯膜、腈纶膜、丙纶膜、涤纶膜中的任意一种。
7.一种如权利要求1～6任一项所述的耐根穿刺PE/POE复合防水卷材的制备方法，其特征在于：140～220℃下，在PE/POE复合膜胎基上、下表面分别铺设高分子膜，进行热压复合，经冷却定型后，即得PE/POE复合防水卷材。
8.一种如权利要求1～6任一项所述的耐根穿刺PE/POE防水卷材在防水建筑材料中的应用。
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