CN114902982A - 一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法 - Google Patents
一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114902982A CN114902982A CN202210508187.0A CN202210508187A CN114902982A CN 114902982 A CN114902982 A CN 114902982A CN 202210508187 A CN202210508187 A CN 202210508187A CN 114902982 A CN114902982 A CN 114902982A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- turtle
- feed
- pond
- turtles
- ornamental
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 241000980706 Takifugu obscurus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009344 polyculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000270708 Testudinidae Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000234609 Portulaca oleracea Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000522190 Desmodium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013719 Houttuynia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003805 Musa ABB Group Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015266 Plantago major Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238371 Sepiidae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one;molecular iodine Chemical compound II.C=CN1CCCC1=O CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000153 Povidone-iodine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001621 povidone-iodine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000003563 vegetarian diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000026873 Alternanthera philoxeroides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011996 Calamus deerratus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010006956 Calcium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001460967 Coilia nasus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001453 Glycyrrhiza echinata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017382 Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006550 Lantana camara Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238367 Mya arenaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001194850 Pelodiscus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000299790 Rheum rhabarbarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009411 Rheum rhabarbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001274197 Scatophagus argus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000872315 Takifugu fasciatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940010454 licorice Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000132619 red sage Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/35—Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle family)
- A61K36/355—Lonicera (honeysuckle)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/484—Glycyrrhiza (licorice)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/68—Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/78—Saururaceae (Lizard's-tail family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/85—Verbenaceae (Verbena family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其步骤包括:(1)养殖池的修缮,(2)鱼龟引种投放,(3)暗纹东方鲀的饲养,(4)观赏龟的套养。本发明营造了更适宜的养殖环境,选择优良龟种混养并控制养殖比例,运用温和中药在高温期调理鱼体,调配种龟高产稳产饲料。本发明充分运用了生态位原理进行水产经济动物的饲养,与饲养单一水产品种相比,运用本专利可以更好地利用养殖水体空间,提高饲料转化率,减少水产药物使用,除收获暗纹东方鲀商品鱼外还可以孵化出观赏龟苗增加额外利润,提升了水产养殖的经济收益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种鱼龟外塘生态养殖的方法。
背景技术
暗纹东方鲀(Takifugu fasciatus),俗称河豚鱼,分布在我国长江流域、东海、黄海一带。作为我国传统珍稀淡水佳肴,一直以来凭借其鲜美细腻、刺少爽滑的口感,征服了一大批食客,尤其是雄性河豚鱼的精巢,被无数美食爱好者奉为珍品,在餐饮行业售价不菲。虽然该鱼市场定位较普通淡水鱼更高端,价格更昂贵。但随着我国经济水平的提高,人民收入的增长,对于高档水产品的需求日益激增,因此暗纹东方鲀养殖产业具有广阔的前景。
纳尔逊伪龟(Pseudemys Nelsoni),俗称火焰龟,鸡龟亚科伪龟属,原产北美洲,近年来作为观赏宠物引入我国,该品种以素食为主,性格较为温顺,不会主动攻击活鱼,可作为套养品种在商品鱼池塘内进行养殖。
目前,生态混养已经广泛地应用在我国水产养殖行业,如鱼虾混养,鱼蟹混养,四大家鱼混养等。合理科学地运用生态学理念,可以使不同水生物种和谐共生,更充分地运用养殖空间,提高饲料转化率,减少水生生物病害的发生,从而实现更大的经济效益。而暗纹东方鲀与其他水产动物进行生态混养实践较少,如一种二龄长江刀鲚套养在暗纹东方鲀养殖池的养殖方法(CN202110313231.8),一种暗纹东方鲀亲本和金钱鱼池塘大棚越冬混养方法(CN201611113685.6),以上几种混养实践主要是暗纹东方鲀与其他鱼类进行混养,而在实际操作中,由于鱼类间存在机制相同的致病感染源,因此一旦出现病害很可能会危害暗纹东方鲀及混养的其他鱼种。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的在于提供一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,充分利用养殖池空间,增加养殖品种,提高水产养殖户的经济效益。
技术方案:本发明的暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)养殖池的修缮:选择环境良好、底部平整的养殖池塘对其进行消毒,并在池塘周围做好围挡,在近水处搭建产卵室,并在产卵室内铺设过筛细沙供龟挖坑产卵;水池边设置一块连接水面和产卵室的斜坡,供龟晴天晒背及雌龟上岸产卵;
(2)鱼龟引种投放:从具有相关资质的正规水产养殖基地引种,挑选优质健康的暗纹东方鲀苗种和观赏龟亲本;到场后合理控制养殖数量和密度;
(3)暗纹东方鲀的饲养:暗纹东方鲀苗种入塘适应后,对其进行定时定点投喂,选取暗纹东方鲀全价配合颗粒饲料,气温19-25摄氏度时,每日投喂一次,气温25摄氏度以上时,每日投喂两次。当进入盛夏高温期时,为减少暗纹东方鲀因水温过高产生应激影响生长,取中药溶液拌入饲料投喂进行调理,每周一次;
(4)观赏龟的套养:入水前用1:1500-1:1200的聚维酮碘溶液兑水浸泡种龟20-25min进行药浴消毒。入塘适应后,对种龟进行定时定点投喂,将饲料放置在池塘边斜坡上,供其自由取食。6-7月间收集受精龟卵进行孵化,孵化介质为潮湿蛭石,室温孵化两个月后,稚龟即破壳而出,待稚龟腹部卵黄囊吸收完毕后,将其转移到容器内进行打包售卖。
进一步地,步骤(1)中所述围挡材质为铁丝网,高度80-100cm,过筛细沙的厚度为20-30cm。
进一步地,步骤(2)中所述暗纹东方鲀的苗种规格为100-150g,每亩池塘饲养暗纹东方鲀900-1200尾;观赏龟的品种为纳尔逊伪龟,作为亲本的种龟需符合8龄以上,每亩池塘套养10只雄龟,30只雌龟。
进一步地,步骤(3)中所述的中药溶液的调配方式如下:取五色花300-500g、金银花300-500g、马齿苋300-500g、鱼腥草300-500g、车前草300-500g、黄芪300-500g、甘草300-500g、金钱草300-500g,将上述药材挑选洗净后,加清水8公斤煎煮2.5-3h,晾凉后滤出残渣,将药液倒入干净容器内,静置于干净阴凉角落备用,使用时用量为饲料总重的5-8%。
进一步地,步骤(4)中,种龟饲料的配方如下:植物性饲料(如菜叶、水葫芦、浮萍等)、动物性饲料(如蚯蚓、鱼虾、动物内脏等)、龟鳖配合饲料,三者比例为4:1:1-3:1:1,在雌龟产蛋期三种饲料比例为4:2:1-3:2:1,并添加饲料总重5%的墨鱼骨粉。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下显著优点:
(1)本专利利用暗纹东方鲀养殖池塘套养观赏龟并进行繁殖,在实际操作中,龟的饲养、孵化等工作简单易上手,不会对暗纹东方鲀日常养殖工作造成负担;
(2)本专利采用纳尔逊伪龟与暗纹东方鲀进行混养,该品种与常见的中华鳖、草龟相比,具有产卵量大、市场售价高的特点,并且该龟抵抗力强,极少生病;混养时鱼龟数量比例适宜,实现对养殖空间的充分利用;
(3)本专利所述中药调理剂能够增强鱼体抵抗力,避免鱼在高温期产生应激反应影响生长,有助于暗纹东方鲀商品鱼的增产增收;所述种龟饲料更符合龟的生长活动需要,提高雌龟产蛋质量和受精率;
(4)本专利除实现经济效益增长外,还真正实现了生态养殖模式,提升了暗纹东方鲀和观赏龟的品质。鱼未吃完的残料会被龟取食,提高了饲料利用率,防止有害细菌、微生物的滋生,有利于保持水质,鱼患病几率降低。另外由于纳尔逊伪龟以素食性为主,会啃食养殖池边杂草如芦苇、菖蒲、空心莲子草等,有助于保持养殖环境的干净整洁。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
(1)养殖池的修缮:选择环境良好、底部平整的养殖池塘对其进行消毒,并在池塘周围做好围挡,在近水处搭建产卵室,并在产卵室内铺设过筛细沙供龟挖坑产卵;水池边设置一块连接水面和产卵室的斜坡,供龟晴天晒背及雌龟上岸产卵;
(2)鱼龟引种投放:从具有相关资质的正规水产养殖基地引种,挑选优质健康的暗纹东方鲀苗种和观赏龟亲本;到场后合理控制养殖数量和密度;
(3)暗纹东方鲀的饲养:暗纹东方鲀苗种入塘适应后,对其进行定时定点投喂,选取暗纹东方鲀全价配合颗粒饲料,气温19-25摄氏度时,每日投喂一次,气温25摄氏度以上时,每日投喂两次。当进入盛夏高温期时,为减少暗纹东方鲀因水温过高产生应激影响生长,取中药溶液拌入饲料投喂进行调理,每周一次,用量为饲料总重的5%;
(4)观赏龟的套养:入水前用1:1500的聚维酮碘溶液兑水浸泡种龟20分钟进行药浴消毒。入塘适应后,对种龟进行定时定点投喂,将饲料放置在池塘边斜坡上,供其自由取食。6-7月间收集受精龟卵进行孵化,孵化介质为潮湿蛭石,室温孵化两个月后,稚龟即破壳而出,待稚龟腹部卵黄囊吸收完毕后,将其转移到容器内进行打包售卖。
步骤(1)中所述围挡材质为铁丝网,高度80cm,过筛细沙的厚度为20cm。
步骤(2)中所述暗纹东方鲀的苗种规格为100g,每亩池塘饲养暗纹东方鲀1200尾;观赏龟的品种为纳尔逊伪龟,作为亲本的种龟需符合8龄以上,每亩池塘套养10只雄龟,30只雌龟。
步骤(3)中所述的中药溶液的调配方式如下:取五色花300g、金银花300g、马齿苋300g、鱼腥草300g、车前草300g、黄芪300g、甘草300g、金钱草300g,将上述药材挑选洗净后,加清水8公斤煎煮两个半小时,晾凉后滤出残渣,将药液倒入干净容器内,静置于干净阴凉角落备用。
步骤(4)中所述的种龟饲料的配方如下:植物性饲料(如菜叶、水葫芦、浮萍等)、动物性饲料(如蚯蚓、鱼虾、动物内脏等)、龟鳖配合饲料,三者比例为4:1:1,在雌龟产蛋期三种饲料比例为4:2:1,并添加饲料总重5%的墨鱼骨粉。
在该次养殖过程中,受精龟卵从6月1日开始收集孵化,截至9月16日全部出壳,共计孵化出龟苗2062只,平均亩产412只;11月底起网捕捞暗纹东方鲀商品鱼共计2532公斤,平均亩产506.4公斤,按照当年水产市场的行情计算,每亩净利润为6050元。
实施例2:
实施例2与实施例1基本相同,不同之处仅在于:
步骤(1)中所述围挡材质为铁丝网,高度100cm,过筛细沙的厚度为30cm;
步骤(2)中所述暗纹东方鲀的苗种规格为150g,每亩池塘饲养暗纹东方鲀900尾;
步骤(3)中所述的中药溶液的调配方式中,取五色花500g、金银花500g、马齿苋500g、鱼腥草500g、车前草500g、黄芪500g、甘草500g、金钱草500g;
步骤(4)中所述的种龟饲料的配方如下:植物性饲料(如菜叶、水葫芦、浮萍等)、动物性饲料(如蚯蚓、鱼虾、动物内脏等)、龟鳖配合饲料,三者比例为3:1:1,在雌龟产蛋期三种饲料比例为3:2:1。
在该次养殖过程中,受精龟卵从5月30日份开始孵化,截至9月9日全部出壳,共计孵化出龟苗2185只,平均亩产437只;11月底起网捕捞暗纹东方鲀商品鱼共计2554公斤,平均亩产510.8公斤,按照当年水产市场的行情计算,每亩净利润为6185元。
经实践证明,养殖效果与实施例1基本相同,证明选取范围可靠。
对照例1:
对照例1与实施例1基本相同,不同之处仅在于:
步骤(1)中所述围挡材质为塑料膜,高度40cm,过筛细沙的厚度为10cm。
经实践证明,养殖时龟会抓破塑料膜或翻越围挡逃逸,雌龟因细沙厚度不够没有合适位置产卵而将卵产在水中,因此造成了损失。按照当年水产市场的行情计算,每亩净利润为5267元。
对照例2:
对照例2与实施例1基本相同,不同之处仅在于:
步骤(2)中所述暗纹东方鲀的苗种规格为30g,每亩池塘饲养暗纹东方鲀2000尾。
经实践证明,养殖时因暗纹东方鲀个体较小,池塘内鱼密度过大,因此造成了损失。按照当年水产市场的行情计算,每亩净利润为5308元。
对照例3:
对照例3与实施例1基本相同,不同之处仅在于:
步骤(3)中所述的暗纹东方鲀中药溶液的调配方式如下:取大黄500g,洗净烘干后研磨成粉剂,加入沸水1kg冲匀,静置于干净阴凉角落备用。高温期时将药液拌入鱼饲料进行投喂,每周一次,用量为饲料总重的1%。
经实践证明,该中药溶液对于暗纹东方鲀高温期调理效果不明显,鱼群还是会出现高温应激反应,因此造成了损失。按照当年水产市场的行情计算,每亩净利润为5721元。
对照例4:
对照例4与实施例1基本相同,不同之处仅在于:
步骤(4)中所述的在雌龟产蛋期植物性饲料、动物性饲料、龟鳖配合饲料比例为4:1:1,没有添加墨鱼骨粉。
经实践证明,由于营养成分不够全面,雌龟产蛋量会下降,也会因为缺钙产软壳蛋,影响龟苗繁殖,因此造成了损失。按照当年水产市场的行情计算,每亩净利润为5599元。
表1几种池塘养殖模式经济效益对比
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 对照例1 | 对照例2 | 对照例3 | 对照例4 | |
净利润 | 6050元/亩 | 6185元/亩 | 5267元/亩 | 5308元/亩 | 5721元/亩 | 5599元/亩 |
如表1所示,采用本专利的实施例平均每亩净利润为6117.5元,而对照例平均每亩净利润为5473.8元。本专利有效提升了暗纹东方鲀养殖的经济效益,具有很高的养殖推广应用价值。
以上所述仅为本专利的较佳实施例,凡依本专利申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本专利的涵盖范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)养殖池的修缮:选择环境良好、底部平整的养殖池塘对其进行消毒,并在池塘周围做好围挡,在近水处搭建产卵室,并在产卵室内铺设过筛细沙供龟挖坑产卵;水池边设置一块连接水面和产卵室的斜坡,供龟晴天晒背及雌龟上岸产卵;
(2)鱼龟引种投放:从正规水产养殖基地引种,挑选优质健康的暗纹东方鲀苗种和观赏龟亲本;到场后合理控制养殖数量和密度;
(3)暗纹东方鲀的饲养:暗纹东方鲀苗种入塘适应后,对其进行定时定点投喂,选取暗纹东方鲀全价配合颗粒饲料,气温19-25摄氏度时,每日投喂一次,气温25摄氏度以上时,每日投喂两次;当进入盛夏高温期时,为减少暗纹东方鲀因水温过高产生应激影响生长,取中药溶液拌入饲料投喂进行调理,每周一次;
(4)观赏龟的套养:入水前用1:1500-1:1200的聚维酮碘溶液兑水浸泡种龟20-25min进行药浴消毒;入塘适应后,对种龟进行定时定点投喂,将饲料放置在池塘边斜坡上,供其自由取食;6-7月间收集受精龟卵进行孵化,孵化介质为潮湿蛭石,室温孵化两个月后,稚龟即破壳而出,待稚龟腹部卵黄囊吸收完毕后,将其转移到容器内进行打包售卖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述围挡材质为铁丝网,高度80-100cm,过筛细沙的厚度为20-30cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述暗纹东方鲀的苗种规格为100-150g,每亩池塘饲养暗纹东方鲀900-1200尾;观赏龟的品种为纳尔逊伪龟,作为亲本的种龟需符合8龄以上,每亩池塘套养10只雄龟,30只雌龟。
4.根据权利要求1所述的暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述的中药溶液的调配方式如下:取五色花300-500g、金银花300-500g、马齿苋300-500g、鱼腥草300-500g、车前草300-500g、黄芪300-500g、甘草300-500g、金钱草300-500g,将上述药材挑选洗净后,加清水8kg煎煮2.5-3h,晾凉后滤出残渣,将药液倒入干净容器内,静置于干净阴凉角落备用,使用时用量为饲料总重的5-8%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,种龟饲料的配方如下:植物性饲料、动物性饲料、龟鳖配合饲料,三者比例为4:1:1-3:1:1,在雌龟产蛋期三种饲料比例为4:2:1-3:2:1,并添加饲料总重5%的墨鱼骨粉。
6.根据权利要求5所述的暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其特征在于,所述植物性饲料包括菜叶、水葫芦、浮萍。
7.根据权利要求5所述的暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法,其特征在于,所述动物性饲料包括蚯蚓、鱼虾、动物内脏。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210508187.0A CN114902982A (zh) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | 一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210508187.0A CN114902982A (zh) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | 一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114902982A true CN114902982A (zh) | 2022-08-16 |
Family
ID=82766681
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210508187.0A Pending CN114902982A (zh) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | 一种暗纹东方鲀与观赏龟外塘生态混养的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114902982A (zh) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010136708A (ja) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-24 | Kinki Univ | トラフグ稚魚の飼育方法 |
CN105341511A (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-24 | 扬州大大饲料有限公司 | 一种度夏河豚饲料的制备方法 |
CN110074019A (zh) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-02 | 上海市水产研究所(上海市水产技术推广站) | 一种暗纹东方鲀、刀鲚和甲鱼立体生态养殖的方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-05-11 CN CN202210508187.0A patent/CN114902982A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010136708A (ja) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-24 | Kinki Univ | トラフグ稚魚の飼育方法 |
CN105341511A (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-24 | 扬州大大饲料有限公司 | 一种度夏河豚饲料的制备方法 |
CN110074019A (zh) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-02 | 上海市水产研究所(上海市水产技术推广站) | 一种暗纹东方鲀、刀鲚和甲鱼立体生态养殖的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
刘峰: "利用甲鱼温室越冬养殖暗纹东方增效益", 《科学养鱼》 * |
杨学华等: "暗纹东方与中华鳖、青虾池塘生态混养技术", 《科学养鱼》 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106106358A (zh) | 土鸭的生态养殖方法 | |
Xie et al. | Grass carp: the fish that feeds half of China | |
CN102696515A (zh) | 一种鲑鳟鱼三倍体苗种的制备方法 | |
CN105660465A (zh) | 一种龙虾的人工育苗方法 | |
CN107667975A (zh) | 一种猪养殖方法 | |
CN106719208A (zh) | 一种用于稻田养殖的小龙虾虾苗繁殖方法 | |
CN1319439C (zh) | 规模化绿色养鸡方法 | |
CN112602639A (zh) | 一种高密度小龙虾养殖方法 | |
CN106417122A (zh) | 一种提高优质青虾苗种产量的培育方法 | |
CN110100765A (zh) | 引进莫桑比克罗非鱼的快速高产繁养方法 | |
CN111109171A (zh) | 一种提高青虾产量的生态养殖方法 | |
CN110663606A (zh) | 一种澳洲淡水龙虾稻田养殖方法 | |
CN108260551B (zh) | 一种在淡水湖湖区养殖小龙虾的方法 | |
CN107242161A (zh) | 一种黑鲷鱼苗种培育技术 | |
CN109673541A (zh) | 一种杂交黄颡鱼当年养成方法 | |
CN111543365B (zh) | 一种能够提早上市期的河蟹养殖方法 | |
CN106912429B (zh) | 一种小龙虾的繁育方法 | |
Li et al. | The success of yellow catfish aquaculture in China: from rare wild fish to popular farmed fish | |
CN107197791A (zh) | 吉富罗非鱼与罗氏沼虾的池塘生态混养方法 | |
CN107897107A (zh) | 一种甲鱼的生态养殖方法 | |
CN111066705A (zh) | 一种改进的河蟹生态养殖方法 | |
CN106818613A (zh) | 一种黑猪养殖方法 | |
CN106386588B (zh) | 一种红鳍东方鲀的生态养殖方法 | |
CN109169453A (zh) | 一种中草药龙虾喂养的方法 | |
CN112369352B (zh) | 一种大口黑鲈与凡纳滨对虾池塘反季节轮养方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |