CN114890826A - Fermentation method of frame type ton bag organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Fermentation method of frame type ton bag organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114890826A CN114890826A CN202210469814.4A CN202210469814A CN114890826A CN 114890826 A CN114890826 A CN 114890826A CN 202210469814 A CN202210469814 A CN 202210469814A CN 114890826 A CN114890826 A CN 114890826A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer fermentation, and provides a fermentation method of a frame type ton bag organic fertilizer aiming at the problem of slow fermentation of the traditional organic fertilizer, wherein the material is fermented in a fermentation barrel for a period of time to obtain a fermented material, the fermented material is filled into a ton bag for composting, and the bottom end of the ton bag is provided with a hollowed-out string bag; the air pipe is arranged in the ton bag, the top end of the air pipe extends out of the ton bag, and the top end of the air pipe is wrapped by a mesh material; the ton bags are placed on an elevated shelf. The aeration of the aeration pipe is beneficial to aerobic fermentation, and the top end of the aeration pipe is coated by a net material, so that the fermentation temperature rise is accelerated, and meanwhile, the breeding of mosquitoes and flies is prevented. The ton bag is made the bottom with the fretwork string bag, and ton bag is put and can be increased gas permeability and drainage on the layer frame of elevating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer fermentation, in particular to a fermentation method of a rack type ton bag organic fertilizer.
Background
The traditional organic fertilizer fermentation is in a multi-purpose mode of trough composting, strip composting and the like, for example, a trough fermentation method is disclosed in patent CN102765976A, and a strip-stack compost aeration system is disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN107382403A, because the volume of the stacked materials is large, the temperature of the stack is not increased or is slowly increased, and the fermentation of the general materials needs 2-3 months or even longer. And the lack of oxygen at the bottom in the material is easy to produce serious anaerobic fermentation to produce hydrogen sulfide, methane and the like, so that the fermentation heap has strong odor. In addition, the method also has the problems of large occupied area for fermentation, poor fermentation environment, easy breeding of mosquitoes and secondary pollution. Accordingly, an ideal solution is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem that the traditional organic fertilizer is slow in fermentation, and provides a fermentation method of a rack type ton bag organic fertilizer. The ton bag is made the bottom with the fretwork string bag, and ton bag is put and can be increased gas permeability and drainage on the layer frame of elevating.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fermentation method of a frame type ton bag organic fertilizer comprises the steps of fermenting materials in a fermentation barrel for a period of time to obtain fermented materials, putting the fermented materials into a ton bag for composting, wherein a hollow net bag is arranged at the bottom end of the ton bag; the air pipe is arranged in the ton bag, the top end of the air pipe extends out of the ton bag, and the top end of the air pipe is wrapped by a mesh material; the ton bags are placed on an elevated shelf. Through the rack type ton bag fermentation technology, the organic materials have sufficient oxygen in the fermentation process, the problem that the fermented heap is heavy in odor due to the fact that serious anaerobic fermentation is easily generated to produce hydrogen sulfide, methane and the like in the modes of trough type compost, strip type compost and the like because oxygen at the lower bottom of the materials is insufficient is solved, the fermentation environment is improved, and the fermentation period is shortened.
Preferably, the material is fermented in a fermenter for 3-8h, and the temperature of the fermented material in a ton bag is 40-60 ℃.
Preferably, the vent pipe is a PVC pipe with the diameter of 40-50mm, a plurality of small holes with the diameter of 8-12mm are radially formed in the side surface of the PVC pipe, and the distance between every two adjacent radial small holes is 10-15 cm. The PVC pipe is along radial trompil for the material in the ton bag all can contact oxygen in the direction of height, and aerobic fermentation is abundant, fermentation time shortens.
Preferably, the layer frame is a steel frame formed by welding steel bars or angle bars, the steel frame is longitudinally separated by detachable partition plates, the partition plates are of hollow structures, and the steel frame is divided into 1-3 layers. The hollow partition board facilitates ventilation and drainage. The steel frame is arranged in multiple layers, so that the storage space can be saved, but the heat dissipation and the exhaust are not facilitated after the number of the steel frame exceeds 3, and 1-3 layers are preferred.
Preferably, the ton bags are stacked at the temperature of 5-12 ℃ for 10-15 days, or stacked at the temperature of 21-29 ℃ for 5-7 days, and the materials are completely decomposed. The invention shortens the decomposition period from 2-3 months to less than half a month, and obviously improves the decomposition efficiency.
Preferably, the fermentation is carried out in a fermentation workshop, which is a closed workshop and is provided with ventilation, humidification, heat preservation and waste gas collection and purification equipment. Preventing secondary pollution caused by the discharge of odor in the fermentation process.
Preferably, the product is an organic fertilizer of tea trees, and the materials added into the fermentation barrel comprise: according to the mass parts, 20-30 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of tea leaves, 10-20 parts of animal wastes and 3-5 parts of decomposition agent. The decomposing inoculant is a commercial BM fermentation inoculant in a powder formulation, and the water content is adjusted to 50-60 wt% during composting. The tea tree soil has an acidification tendency, when the pH value of the tea tree soil is lower than 4, the physiological process of tea trees is obviously inhibited, the nutrient supply capacity of the soil is obviously reduced, and the anabolism of free amino acid and tea polyphenol in tea leaves is influenced. Tea plant growing area, tea leaf residue is abundant. The tea leaves are alkaline, so that the tea leaves are a good biological fertilizer, can keep the moisture of soil, still have nutrients such as inorganic salt, carbohydrate and the like, and can promote the growth of the tea leaves; the tea residue also has the fragrance of tea, and has a certain amount of volatile oil, so that the smell of the fermentation environment can be improved.
Preferably, the decomposing inoculant is loaded in calcium peroxide, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) loading: adding CCl into the nano calcium peroxide powder and the decomposing agent according to the mass ratio of (0.5-0.8) to 1 4 Fully dispersing to obtain a mixed solution;
2) coating: adding dibutyl maleate, styrene, vinyl acetate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of 5 (1-2) to (2-3) to (0.02-0.05) into the mixed solution, reacting for 3-5h at 80-90 ℃ under anaerobic condition, and performing post-treatment to obtain a solid product; the mass ratio of the dibutyl maleate to the calcium peroxide is 1 (50-60).
The surface of the calcium peroxide is rough and porous, the calcium peroxide can load a decomposing agent, and meanwhile, the calcium peroxide can release oxygen when meeting water, thereby being beneficial to aerobic fermentation. However, calcium peroxide releases oxygen too fast, resulting in waste due to excessive oxygen release at the early stage and no oxygen release at the later stage. In order to improve the problem, a film is coated on the surface of the calcium peroxide, so that the contact surface area of the calcium peroxide and water is reduced, and the oxygen release rate of the calcium peroxide is slowed down. The oxygen release rate of the calcium peroxide is adjusted by controlling the addition amount of the comonomer and adjusting the coating form. The calcium peroxide reacts with water to generate Ca (OH) 2 And O 2 With simultaneous evolution of heat, O 2 The generated calcium hydroxide can improve acid soil, and the solid participates in the reaction to be favorable for the release of the decomposition agent loaded in the acid soil, so that the slow release effect is realized on the decomposition agent, and the fermentation efficiency of the compost can be improved without stirring. However, the tea tree is not favored by calcium, so the dosage of calcium peroxide needs to be controlled, and the release of calcium ions can be slowed down by coating a film on the surface of the calcium peroxide. The method has the advantages that the reaction step is simplified, and in the step 1), only the calcium peroxide and the decomposing agent are simply mixed and dispersed, so that the calcium peroxide and the decomposing agent are combined through electrostatic force, and if the calcium peroxide is not coated with the film, a silane coupling agent and the like are required to increase the adsorption force between the calcium peroxide and the decomposing agent, so that the adsorption strength is ensured. And 2) adding a comonomer to polymerize on the surface of the calcium peroxide to coat the calcium peroxide, wherein the calcium peroxide and the decomposing agent are coated together, so that a bonding agent such as a silane coupling agent is not required to be added. The invention has the advantages ofThe dibutyl maleate-styrene-vinyl acetate polymer film is also beneficial to soil improvement, can increase the water-stable aggregate content of soil, increases the water erosion resistance of soil and correspondingly reduces water and soil loss. And styrene, vinyl acetate and dibutyl maleate are used for copolymerization, and the degradability of the polymer can be improved by regulating the dosage of each monomer.
Therefore, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: (1) the ventilation of the ventilation pipe is favorable for aerobic fermentation, and the top end of the ventilation pipe is coated with a net material, so that the fermentation temperature rise is accelerated, and meanwhile, mosquitoes and flies are prevented from breeding; (2) the ton bag is made of a hollow net bag as a bottom end, and the ton bag is placed on a high layer frame, so that the air permeability and the drainage performance can be improved; (3) the decomposing agent is loaded in the oxygen release agent calcium peroxide and coated with the organic film to play a slow release role, and the fermentation efficiency of the compost can be improved under the condition of no stirring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ton bag;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vent pipe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fermentation of a rack ton bag organic fertilizer according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a ton bag, 11, a feeding port, 12, bag mouth tying cloth, 13, a lifting ring, 14, a hollowed-out net bag, 15, a reinforcing belt, 2, a vent pipe, 21, a fine-hole gauze, 22, small holes, 3, a shelf, 31 and a detachable partition plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials and equipment used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
General examples
A fermentation method of a rack type ton bag organic fertilizer adopts a rack type ton bag two-stage fermentation method: firstly, crushing the materials, adding the materials into a continuous fermentation barrel, stirring and fermenting for 3-8h at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ to obtain fermented materials, and then filling the fermented materials into a ton bag 1 at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to continuously carry out composting fermentation. The composting is carried out in an apparatus as shown in figures 1-3: the side surface of the ton bag 1 is formed by enclosing a woven bag with the width of 60-70cm, is spliced with the hollow net bag 14 at the bottom into a whole and is reinforced by a reinforcing belt 15. The top of the ton bag 1 is fastened by the bag tying cloth 12 to accelerate the fermentation and temperature rise. The middle of the bag opening tying cloth 12 is provided with a material inlet (material outlet) 11, a plurality of PVC vent pipes 2 with the diameter of 40-50mm are arranged in the ton bag 1, small holes 22 with the diameter of 8-12mm are arranged on the PVC vent pipes 2 along the radial direction, and the interval between every two adjacent small holes 22 along the radial direction is 10-15 cm. The ton bag 1 is stretched out to the top of PVC breather pipe 2, seals with pore gauze 21, has the oxygen in the air in abundant aerobic fermentation on the one hand, and on the other hand can block breeding of mosquito. A plurality of lifting rings 13 are further arranged above the ton bag 1, so that the ton bag 1 is convenient to carry. The ton bag 1 is placed on a layer frame 3 which is elevated, the layer frame 3 is a steel frame which is formed by welding reinforcing steel bars or angle iron and has the width of 90-100cm and the length of 5-10m, the steel frame is longitudinally separated by a detachable partition plate 31 and overlapped by using edges, 1-3 layers are generally stacked, and the height of each layer is 100-120 cm. 3 multilayer settings of steelframe can practice thrift the parking space. The detachable partition plate 31 is of a hollow structure so as to facilitate ventilation and drainage. The fermentation workshop adopts a closeable workshop and is provided with ventilation, humidification, heat preservation and waste gas collection and purification equipment, so that secondary pollution caused by the discharge of odor in the fermentation process is prevented. The materials can be fully decomposed after being stacked for 5-7 days in summer (room temperature of 21-29 ℃), or after being stacked for 10-15 days in winter (room temperature of 5-12 ℃).
Example 1
A fermentation method of a rack type ton bag organic fertilizer adopts a rack type ton bag two-stage fermentation method: firstly, crushing the materials, adding the materials into a continuous fermentation barrel, stirring and fermenting for 6 hours at 65 ℃ to obtain fermented materials, and then filling the fermented materials into a ton bag 1 at 50 ℃ to continuously carry out composting fermentation. The side of ton bag 1 adopts 60cm wide braided bag to enclose to close and forms, and the bottom adopts the gauze of a round 30cm width, splices side and bottom as an organic whole, consolidates through reinforced band 15. The top of the ton bag 1 is fastened by a bag opening fastening cloth 12. The middle of the bag opening tying cloth 12 is provided with a material inlet (material outlet) 11, two PVC vent pipes 2 with the diameter of 40mm are placed in the ton bag 1, small holes 22 with the diameter of 10mm are formed in the PVC vent pipes 2 along the radial direction, and the interval between every two adjacent small holes 22 along the radial direction is 10 cm. The top end of the PVC vent pipe 2 extends out of the ton bag 1 and is sealed by a fine-hole gauze 21. Ton bag 1 is put on the layer frame 3 of elevating, layer frame 3 is the wide 100cm that reinforcing bar or angle bar welding formed, long 10 m's steelframe, and the steelframe is vertically separated through dismantling baffle 31, and the limit is taken with the limit, folds 3 layers, and every layer of height 120cm can be dismantled baffle 31 and be hollow out construction. The fermentation workshop adopts a closeable workshop and is provided with ventilation, humidification, heat preservation and waste gas collection and purification equipment, so that secondary pollution caused by the discharge of odor in the fermentation process is prevented.
The materials in this example were: 30 parts of straw, 5 parts of tea leaves, 10 parts of animal wastes and 5 parts of animal wastes in parts by mass
The water content of the decomposing inoculant (commercial BM zymophyte in powder dosage form) is adjusted to 60 wt% during composting, and the room temperature is 9-12 ℃. The final product is organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that no PVC vent tube was placed in the ton bag.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the spacing between radially adjacent apertures of PVC air tubes placed in the ton bag is 25 cm.
Example 2
The method is different from the example 1 in that the decomposing inoculant is loaded in calcium peroxide and is prepared by the following steps:
1) loading: adding the nano calcium peroxide powder and the decomposing agent into CCl according to the mass ratio of 0.5:1 4 Fully dispersing to obtain a mixed solution;
2) coating: adding dibutyl maleate, styrene, vinyl acetate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of 5:1:2:0.02 into the mixed solution, reacting for 5 hours at 80 ℃ under an anaerobic condition, precipitating with methanol, washing, and drying in vacuum for several hours to obtain a white solid product; the mass ratio of dibutyl maleate to calcium peroxide is 1: 50. When in use, the mixture is ground into powder and added into the fermentation material (or the powder is pressed into tablets and then is put into use), and the addition amount is calculated according to the mass of the decomposition agent.
Comparative example 3
The method is different from the example 2 in that the decomposing inoculant is loaded in calcium peroxide and is prepared by the following steps: adding the nano calcium peroxide powder and the decomposing agent into CCl according to the mass ratio of 0.5:1 4 And fully dispersing to obtain a mixed solution.
Comparative example 4
The difference from the example 2 is that the mass ratio of the dibutyl maleate and the calcium peroxide in the step 2) is 1: 40.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 2 is that step 2) coating is: adding stearic acid and silane coupling agent into the mixed solution, heating to 50 ℃, fully stirring for 30min, filtering and drying to obtain a solid product.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 2 is that no vinyl acetate is added in step 2).
Comparative example 7
The difference from the example 2 is that the mass ratio of the nano calcium peroxide powder and the decomposing inoculant in the step 1) is 1.5: 1.
Performance testing
The composting efficiency and the organic fertilizer of each example and each comparative example are tested, the amount of the organic fertilizer applied during tea tree planting is 1 ton/mu, other planting conditions are the same, and the yield increase refers to the percentage increase of the tea content in the same tea garden in the last year.
The results are shown in the following table.
The composting efficiency is as follows: compared with the comparative example 1, the composting decomposition completion time is obviously reduced and the decomposition efficiency is improved by placing the vent pipe with holes in the ton bag. Compared with the embodiment 1, the radial hole pitch of the vent pipe is larger, and the decomposition efficiency is reduced. Compared with the example 1, the decomposing agent is loaded in the calcium peroxide and is subjected to coating treatment, so that the calcium peroxide releases oxygen at a proper speed, aerobic fermentation is facilitated, and the decomposing time is shortened to 10 days. Compared with the embodiment 2, the calcium peroxide of the comparative example 3 is not coated, so that the problems of waste caused by excessive oxygen release at the early stage and no oxygen release at the later stage exist; comparative example 4 too much coating is not beneficial to oxygen release and also affects the decomposition efficiency; comparative examples 5 and 6 the coating was changed to have an effect on the efficiency of the decomposition.
The performance of the organic fertilizer is as follows: the original soil of the tea garden is used with chemical nitrogen fertilizer for a long time, the pH value is reduced to 4.3, and the granular structure of the soil is 3.1 mm. After the organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiments 1 and 2 of the invention is applied, the pH can be improved to be in the range of 4.5-5.5 suitable for the growth of tea, the calcium hydroxide generated by the calcium peroxide in the embodiment 2 can improve acid soil, and the yield and the quality of the tea are obviously increased. However, the amount of calcium peroxide is controlled in consideration of the unfavorable calcium preference of tea plant, and the amount of calcium peroxide in comparative example 7 exceeds the preferable range, the yield of tea leaves and the content of chlorophyll both tend to decrease, and the amount of calcium peroxide is the preferable range in consideration of the combination. The release of calcium ions can be slowed down by coating a film on the surface of calcium peroxide, and the tea leaves are not coated in the comparative example 3, and the tea leaves have inferior performance to the tea leaves in the example 2 although the pH value is lower. The dibutyl maleate-styrene-vinyl acetate polymer film coated with calcium peroxide can increase the water-stable aggregate content of soil, and the aggregate particle size of the soil is reduced after the coating of comparative example 5 and comparative example 6 is changed.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A fermentation method of a frame type ton bag organic fertilizer is characterized in that materials are fermented in a fermentation barrel for a period of time to obtain fermented materials, the fermented materials are filled into ton bags for composting, and the bottom ends of the ton bags are provided with hollowed-out net bags; the air pipe is arranged in the ton bag, the top end of the air pipe extends out of the ton bag, and the top end of the air pipe is wrapped by a net material; the ton bags are placed on an elevated shelf.
2. The fermentation method of a rack-type ton bag organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the material is fermented in the fermenter for 3-8h, and the temperature of the fermented material filled in the ton bag is 40-60 ℃.
3. The fermentation method of a rack-type ton bag organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aeration pipe is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 40-50mm, the side of the PVC pipe is radially provided with a plurality of small holes with a diameter of 8-12mm, and the distance between adjacent radial small holes is 10-15 cm.
4. The fermentation method of a rack-type ton bag organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the layer rack is a steel frame formed by welding steel bars or angle irons, the steel frame is longitudinally divided by detachable partition plates, the partition plates are hollow structures, and the steel frame has 1-3 layers.
5. A fermentation method of a rack-type ton bag organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the ton bags are stacked at 5-12 ℃ for 10-15 days, or stacked at 21-29 ℃ for 5-7 days, and the materials are completely decomposed.
6. The fermentation method of a rack-type ton bag organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the product is an organic fertilizer of tea trees, and the materials added into the fermentation barrel comprise: according to the mass parts, 20-30 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of tea leaves, 10-20 parts of animal wastes and 3-5 parts of decomposition agent.
7. The fermentation method of a rack-type ton bag organic fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the decomposing agent is loaded in calcium peroxide, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) loading: adding CCl into the nano calcium peroxide powder and the decomposing agent according to the mass ratio of (0.5-0.8) to 1 4 Fully dispersing to obtain a mixed solution;
2) coating: adding dibutyl maleate, styrene, vinyl acetate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of 5 (1-2) to (2-3) to (0.02-0.05) into the mixed solution, reacting for 3-5h at 80-90 ℃ under anaerobic condition, and performing post-treatment to obtain a solid product; the mass ratio of the dibutyl maleate to the calcium peroxide is 1 (50-60).
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| CN112479763A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-03-12 | 福建绿洲生化有限公司 | Square warehouse layered frame type composting structure and composting process thereof |
| CN114262135A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-01 | 湖南大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal polluted bottom mud based on calcium peroxide Fenton enhanced composting |
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