CN114889497B - Composite heating device of electric vehicle power system and control method - Google Patents
Composite heating device of electric vehicle power system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114889497B CN114889497B CN202210459607.0A CN202210459607A CN114889497B CN 114889497 B CN114889497 B CN 114889497B CN 202210459607 A CN202210459607 A CN 202210459607A CN 114889497 B CN114889497 B CN 114889497B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a composite heating device of an electric vehicle power system and a control method, wherein the composite heating device comprises a motor control module, a power battery module and an external heating module; the motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitor regulating circuit, wherein the three-phase inverter circuit consists of high-frequency switching tubes; the power battery module comprises a power battery module; the external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor, an external heating switch, a first selection switch, an external heating inductor, a second selection switch, an external heating high-frequency switch tube and a precharge device connected in parallel with two ends of the external heating switch in series. According to the application, the vehicle power system is heated by heat generated in the charging and discharging processes of the power battery module; selecting a heating mode according to the state of the vehicle, and adjusting the capacitance value of the bus capacitor; the quick heating of the power battery is realized, the problems of poor dynamic property, short driving range and long charging time of the electric vehicle at low temperature are solved, the safety of the power battery is ensured, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of thermal management of power systems of electric vehicles, in particular to a composite heating device and a control method of a power system of an electric vehicle.
Background
At present, the key technology of the new energy automobile has the following problems: for example, the electric vehicle has limited power performance, poor power performance, long charging time in winter, and the like, and in order to solve the technical problem, an effective temperature control needs to be performed on a power battery system of the electric vehicle. At present, an electric vehicle power system is heated in a mode of heating films, liquid heat circulation and the like, so that the problems of low heating rate, high heating cost, high whole vehicle energy consumption and the like exist, and the application range of the electric vehicle is greatly limited. The heating film is adopted, so that the risk of falling off and dry burning exists, and serious potential safety hazards are caused; and the liquid heating circulation mode is adopted for heating, so that the heating speed is low, the efficiency is low, the vehicle charging time is long, the dynamic performance is poor, and the heating energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite heating device and a control method for a power system of an electric vehicle, which realize rapid heating of a power battery in a vehicle driving and charging state, solve the industrial problems of poor dynamic property, short driving range, long charging time and the like of the electric vehicle at low temperature, ensure the safety of the power battery and prolong the service life of the battery.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a composite heating device of an electric vehicle power system comprises a motor control module, a power battery module and an external heating module; the motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitance adjusting circuit, wherein the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit, the inverter circuit is composed of a high-frequency switch tube, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is provided with three parallel branches, and each branch comprises an adjusting capacitor and a capacitance adjusting control switch which are connected in series, and a pre-charging device connected with the capacitance adjusting control switch in parallel; the power battery module comprises a power battery module, wherein the positive electrode of the power battery module is connected with the regulating capacitor, and the negative electrode of the power battery module is connected with the capacitor regulating control switch; the external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor, an external heating switch, a first selection switch, an external heating inductor, a second selection switch, an external heating high-frequency switch tube and a precharge device which are connected in parallel with two ends of the external heating switch in series; the external heating high-frequency switch tube is further connected with the positive electrode of the power battery module, the first selector switch is further connected with the second selector switch and the negative electrode of the power battery module, and the external heating switch and the second selector switch are further connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module.
Further, a positive contactor is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module and the regulating capacitor, and a negative contactor is further arranged between the negative electrode of the power battery module and the capacitor regulating control switch.
Further, a fuse is arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module and the positive electrode contactor.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: the composite heating method for the electric vehicle power system uses the composite heating device to heat the electric vehicle power, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the whole vehicle is powered on to finish initialization, and whether a vehicle charging gun inserting signal is effective or not is detected;
If the vehicle charging gun inserting signal is invalid, further detecting whether a vehicle accelerator pedal signal and a parking signal are valid or not; if the signal of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is valid and the parking signal is invalid, the vehicle enters a running state, and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged; if the signal of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is invalid and the parking signal is valid, the vehicle enters a standby state, and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged;
If the vehicle charging gun inserting signal is valid, the vehicle enters a charging state, and whether a vehicle power system needs to be heated or not is judged;
S2: when the temperature of the vehicle power system is lower than a low-temperature threshold value, charging and discharging the power battery module, and self-heating the vehicle power system by heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module; in a driving state, the power battery module is charged by using only an external heating capacitor of the external heating module; in a standby state or a charging state, an external heating capacitor of an external heating module and an adjusting capacitor of a motor control module are used for charging the power battery module;
S3: and stopping charging and discharging the power battery module when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches a heating stopping temperature threshold value, and completing self-heating of the vehicle power system.
Further, in step S2, according to the vehicle state, the number of the connected adjustment capacitors is controlled by the capacitor adjustment control switch of the bus capacitor adjustment circuit, so as to adjust the capacitance value of the bus capacitor; in a running state, the bus capacitor adjusting circuit is connected with three adjusting capacitors; in the standby state or the charging state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected to only one adjusting capacitance.
Further, in step S2, the high-frequency switching tube of the inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switching tube of the external heating module complete charging and discharging of the power battery module in a high-frequency on-off mode, the on-off frequency of the high-frequency switching tube of the inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switching tube of the external heating module is greater than a safety frequency, the safety frequency can ensure that the use safety and the service life of the power battery module are not affected when the power battery module is charged and discharged at a low temperature, and the heating rate of the power battery module can also be ensured to meet the operation requirements of a vehicle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the power battery module is charged and discharged, and the heat generated in the process of charging and discharging the power battery module is utilized to heat the vehicle power system; selecting a heating mode according to the state of the vehicle, and charging the power battery module in a driving state by using only an external heating capacitor of the external heating module; in a standby state or a charging state, an external heating capacitor of an external heating module and an adjusting capacitor of a motor control module are used for charging the power battery module; the safety of the vehicle is guaranteed, the normal running of the vehicle is not influenced, the heating requirement of a vehicle power system is met, and the heating efficiency is improved;
(2) The adjusting capacitors of the three branches can be equivalent to bus capacitors, and the capacitance values of the bus capacitors are adjusted according to different heating modes in the process of charging and discharging the power battery module; in a running state, the bus capacitor adjusting circuit is connected with three adjusting capacitors; in a standby state or a charging state, the bus capacitor adjusting circuit is connected with only one adjusting capacitor, so that the heating efficiency and the vehicle operation efficiency can be effectively improved;
(3) The invention controls the on-off frequency of the high-frequency switch tube of the inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switch of the external heating module to be larger than the safety frequency, so that the use safety and the service life of the power battery module are not affected when the power battery module is charged and discharged at low temperature under the safety frequency, and the heating rate of the power battery module can meet the operation requirement of a vehicle, thereby ensuring the safe operation of a whole vehicle system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a discharging process of the power battery module in a driving state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a charging process of the power battery module in a driving state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a discharging process of the power battery module in a standby state or a charged state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a charging process of the power battery module in a standby state or a charging state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of composite heating according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than as described herein, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, are not used for any order, quantity, or importance, but are used for distinguishing between different elements. Likewise, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate a relative positional relationship, which changes accordingly when the absolute position of the object to be described changes.
As shown in fig. 1, a hybrid heating device for a power system of an electric vehicle includes a motor control module, a power battery module, and an external heating module. The motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitance adjusting circuit, and the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit. The inverter circuit consists of three parallel branches formed by high-frequency switching tubes V1-V6, wherein a first high-frequency switching tube V1 and a sixth high-frequency switching tube V6 are connected in series to form a first branch, a third high-frequency switching tube V3 and a fourth high-frequency switching tube V4 are connected in series to form a second branch, a fifth high-frequency switching tube V5 and a second high-frequency switching tube V2 are connected in series to form a third branch, a series point of the first high-frequency switching tube V1 and the sixth high-frequency switching tube V6, a series point of the third high-frequency switching tube V3 and the fourth high-frequency switching tube V4 and a series point of the fifth high-frequency switching tube V5 and the second high-frequency switching tube V2 are respectively connected with a three-phase alternating current input end of the motor.
The bus capacitance adjusting circuit is provided with three parallel branches, and each branch comprises adjusting capacitors C1-C3 and capacitance adjusting control switches S1-S3 which are connected in series, and precharge devices U1-U3 which are connected in parallel with the capacitance adjusting control switches; the power battery module comprises a power battery module BAT, wherein the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT is connected with the adjusting capacitors C1-C3, and the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT is connected with the capacitance adjusting control switches S1-S3.
The external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor C4, an external heating switch S4, a first selection switch S5, an external heating inductor L4, a second selection switch S6, an external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 and a pre-charging device U4 which are connected in parallel with two ends of the external heating switch S4 in series; the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 is further connected with the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT, the first selector switch S5 is further connected with the second selector switch S6 and the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT, and the external heating switch S4 and the second selector switch S6 are further connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT. The first selector switch S5 and the second selector switch S6 are used for forming a current loop flowing through the external heating inductor L4, and the precharge devices U1-U4 are used for guaranteeing safe access of loads; the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 are respectively provided with a public end and two contacts, the public ends of the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 are respectively connected with the external heating inductor L4, the contact number 2 of the first selection switch S5 and the contact number 1 of the second selection switch S6 are connected with the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7, and the contact number 1 of the first selection switch S5 and the contact number 2 of the second selection switch S6 are connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the power battery module BAT is charged and discharged, and the heat generated in the process of charging and discharging the power battery module BAT is used for heating the vehicle power system; the adjusting capacitors C1-C3 of the three branches can be equivalently used as bus capacitors, and different heating modes are adopted according to the vehicle state in the process of charging and discharging the power battery module BAT, and the capacitance value of the bus capacitors is adjusted; in a driving state, only an external heating capacitor C4 of the external heating module is used for charging the power battery module BAT, and a bus capacitor adjusting circuit is connected with three adjusting capacitors; in a standby state or a charging state, an external heating capacitor C4 of an external heating module and adjusting capacitors C1-C3 of a motor control module are used for charging the power battery module BAT, and a bus capacitor adjusting circuit is connected to only one adjusting capacitor; therefore, the safety of the vehicle is guaranteed, the normal running of the vehicle is not influenced, the heating requirement of a vehicle power system is met, and the heating efficiency is improved. In order to ensure safe operation of the embodiment of the invention, a positive contactor K1 is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT and the regulating capacitor, a negative contactor K2 is further arranged between the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT and the capacitor regulating control switch, and the connection of the power battery module BAT is controlled through the positive contactor K1 and the negative contactor K2. And a fuse RT is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT and the positive electrode contactor K1, and the fuse RT is connected in series at the front end of the load to carry out overload protection.
The specific working principle of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
(1) In the running state
When the vehicle controller detects that a vehicle charging gun inserting signal is invalid, a vehicle accelerator pedal is valid and a brake pedal is invalid, the vehicle is in a running state, after the precharge of the precharge devices U1-U3 of the motor control module and the precharge device U4 of the external heating module is completed, the capacitance adjustment control switches S1-S3 are closed, the adjustment capacitors C1-C3 are connected into a bus capacitance adjustment circuit, and the adjustment capacitors C1-C3 are connected in parallel to serve as bus capacitances. When the temperature of the power system is lower than the low-temperature threshold value, the power system needs to be heated, and at the moment, the power system is heated by using the pre-charging device U4 of the external heating module. And closing the external heating switch S4, and controlling the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 to be on-off at a frequency not lower than the safety frequency, wherein the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 are both connected with the contact No. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the current flows out from the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT and flows into the external heating inductor L4, and at this time, the external heating capacitor C4 synchronously outputs the current to the external heating inductor L4, and when the current flowing through the external heating inductor L4 gradually drops to 0, the discharging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
After the power battery module BAT finishes discharging, the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 are switched, and the contact No. 2 is connected. As shown in fig. 3, at this time, the current flows out from the external heating inductor L4 and then flows into the power battery module BAT and the external heating capacitor C4; when the current flowing through the external heating inductor L4 gradually decreases to 0, the charging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
When the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stopping temperature threshold, all switches are closed, and the power battery module BAT is stopped from being charged and discharged, so that the self-heating of the vehicle power system is completed.
(2) Standby state
When the vehicle controller detects that a vehicle charging gun inserting signal is invalid, a vehicle accelerator pedal is invalid and a brake pedal is valid, the vehicle is in a standby state, after the precharge of the precharge devices U1-U3 of the motor control module and the precharge device U4 of the external heating module is completed, the capacitance adjusting control switch S1 is closed, the adjusting capacitor C1 is connected into the bus capacitance adjusting circuit, and the adjusting capacitor C1 is only used as a bus capacitance. When the temperature of the power system is lower than the low-temperature threshold value, the power system needs to be heated, and the power system is heated by the precharge devices U1-U3 of the motor control module and the precharge device U4 of the external heating module. And the external heating switch S4 is closed, the high-frequency switching tubes V1, V2 and V4 and the external heating high-frequency switching tube V7 are controlled to be switched on and off at a frequency not lower than the safety frequency, and the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 are both connected with the contact No. 1. As shown in fig. 4, the current flows out from the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT, one part flows into the motor equivalent inductance l1+ (L2// L3), and the other part flows into the external heating inductance L4. At this time, the adjusting capacitor C1 and the external heating capacitor C4 also output currents to the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor l1+ (L2// L3), and when the currents in the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor l1+ (L2// L3) gradually decrease to 0, the discharging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
After the power battery module BAT finishes discharging, the high-frequency switching tubes V1, V2 and V4 are turned off, the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 are switched, the contact number 2 is turned on, and the high-frequency switching tubes V3, V5 and V7 and the external heating high-frequency switching tube V7 are turned on and off at a frequency not lower than the safety frequency. As shown in fig. 5, the current flows out from the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor l1+ (L2// L3), and then flows into the power battery module BAT, the regulating capacitor C1 and the external heating capacitor C4; when the current flowing through the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor L1+ (L2// L3) gradually drops to 0, the charging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
When the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stopping temperature threshold, all switches are closed, and the power battery module BAT is stopped from being charged and discharged, so that the self-heating of the vehicle power system is completed.
(3) State of charge
When the vehicle controller detects that the vehicle charging gun inserting signal is effective, the vehicle is in a charging state, and the heating process of the power system is consistent with the standby state at the moment, and detailed description is omitted.
The low temperature threshold value and the heating stop temperature threshold value serve as signals for starting and stopping heating the power system, and the specific temperature value is determined according to the battery type of the power battery module BAT. In the embodiment of the invention, the low temperature threshold is 0 ℃, and the heating stop temperature threshold is 5 ℃. In the heating process, the high-frequency switching tubes V1-V6 and the external heating high-frequency switching tube V7 are required to be switched on and off at a frequency larger than a safety frequency, and the safety frequency is required to ensure that the use safety and the service life of the power battery module are not affected when the power battery module is charged and discharged at a low temperature, and the heating rate of the power battery module can be ensured to meet the operation requirement of a vehicle. In the embodiment of the invention, the safety frequency is 700Hz.
As shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention adopts a method for heating a power system of an electric vehicle by using a composite heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and specifically includes the following steps:
s1: the whole vehicle is powered on to finish initialization, and whether a vehicle charging gun inserting signal is effective or not is detected;
If the vehicle charging gun inserting signal is invalid, further detecting whether a vehicle accelerator pedal signal and a parking signal are valid or not; if the signal of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is valid and the parking signal is invalid, the vehicle enters a running state, and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged; if the signal of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is invalid and the parking signal is valid, the vehicle enters a standby state, and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged;
If the vehicle charging gun inserting signal is valid, the vehicle enters a charging state, and whether a vehicle power system needs to be heated or not is judged;
S2: when the temperature of the vehicle power system is lower than a low-temperature threshold value, charging and discharging the power battery module BAT, and self-heating the vehicle power system by heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module BAT; in a driving state, the power battery module BAT is charged by using only the external heating capacitor C4 of the external heating module; in a standby state or a charging state, an external heating capacitor C4 of the external heating module and adjusting capacitors C1-C3 of the motor control module are used for charging the power battery module BAT;
s3: and stopping charging and discharging the power battery module BAT when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stopping temperature threshold value, and completing self-heating of the vehicle power system.
According to the invention, the power battery module BAT is charged and discharged, and the heat generated in the process of charging and discharging the power battery module BAT is utilized to heat the vehicle power system; the heating mode is selected according to the state of the vehicle, and the capacitance value of the bus capacitor is adjusted, so that the safety of the vehicle is ensured, the normal running of the vehicle is not influenced, the heating requirement of a vehicle power system is met, and the heating efficiency is improved; in the heating process, the embodiment of the invention controls the on-off frequency of the high-frequency switching tubes V1-V6 of the inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switch V7 of the external heating module to be larger than the safety frequency, so that the use safety and the service life of the power battery module BAT are not affected when the power battery module BAT is charged and discharged at low temperature, and the heating rate of the power battery module BAT meets the operation requirement of a vehicle, thereby ensuring the safe operation of a whole vehicle system. By the composite heating device and the composite heating method, the power system can be quickly heated in a composite mode in the driving, standby and charging states of the vehicle, the industrial problems of poor dynamic property, short driving range, long charging time and the like of the electric vehicle at low temperature are solved, the safety of the system is ensured, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The composite heating device of the electric vehicle power system is characterized by comprising a motor control module, a power battery module and an external heating module, wherein the motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitor regulating circuit, the bus capacitor regulating circuit is connected with the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit, the inverter circuit consists of three parallel branches formed by high-frequency switching tubes (V1-V6), a first high-frequency switching tube (V1) and a sixth high-frequency switching tube (V6) are connected in series to form a first branch, a third high-frequency switching tube (V3) and a fourth high-frequency switching tube (V4) are connected in series to form a second branch, a fifth high-frequency switching tube (V5) and a second high-frequency switching tube (V2) are connected in series to form a third branch, the series connection point of the first high-frequency switching tube (V1) and the sixth high-frequency switching tube (V6) is connected in series, the series connection point of the third high-frequency switching tube (V3) and the series connection point of the fifth high-frequency switching tube (V5) and the second high-frequency switching tube (V2) are connected with the three-phase capacitor regulating circuit in parallel to the three-phase inverter circuit respectively, and each three-phase inverter circuit comprises three-phase regulating capacitors (C1-C and 3-C and three-phase regulating capacitors connected in parallel to the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit; the power battery module comprises a power battery module (BAT), wherein the positive electrode of the power battery module (BAT) is connected with the adjusting capacitors (C1-C3), the negative electrode of the power battery module is connected with the capacitance adjusting control switches (S1-S3), and the external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor (C4), an external heating switch (S4), a first selection switch (S5), an external heating inductor (L4), a second selection switch (S6), an external heating high-frequency switch tube (V7) and a pre-charging device (U4) which are connected in parallel with two ends of the external heating switch (S4) in series; the external heating high-frequency switch tube (V7) is further connected with the positive electrode of the power battery module (BAT), the first selection switch (S5) is further connected with the second selection switch (S6) and the negative electrode of the power battery module (BAT), the external heating switch (S4) and the second selection switch (S6) are further connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module (BAT), the first selection switch (S5) and the second selection switch (S6) are used for forming a current loop flowing through the external heating inductor (L4), and the pre-charging devices (U1-U4) are used for guaranteeing safe access of loads; the first selection switch (S5) and the second selection switch (S6) are respectively provided with a public end and two contacts, the public ends of the first selection switch (S5) and the second selection switch (S6) are respectively connected with the external heating inductor (L4), the contact number 2 of the first selection switch (S5) and the contact number 1 of the second selection switch (S6) are connected with the external heating high-frequency switch tube (V7), and the contact number 1 of the first selection switch (S5) and the contact number 2 of the second selection switch (S6) are connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module (BAT).
2. The electric vehicle power system composite heating device according to claim 1, wherein a positive contactor is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module and the regulating capacitor, and a negative contactor is further arranged between the negative electrode of the power battery module and the capacitor regulating control switch.
3. The electric vehicle power system composite heating device according to claim 2, wherein a fuse is further provided between the positive electrode and the positive electrode contactor of the power battery module.
4. A method for heating a power system of an electric vehicle in a composite manner, characterized in that the composite heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used for heating the power of the electric vehicle, and the specific steps are as follows:
s1: the whole vehicle is powered on to finish initialization, and whether a vehicle charging gun inserting signal is effective or not is detected;
If the vehicle charging gun inserting signal is invalid, further detecting whether a vehicle accelerator pedal signal and a parking signal are valid or not; if the signal of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is valid and the parking signal is invalid, the vehicle enters a running state, and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged; if the signal of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is invalid and the parking signal is valid, the vehicle enters a standby state, and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged;
If the vehicle charging gun inserting signal is valid, the vehicle enters a charging state, and whether a vehicle power system needs to be heated or not is judged;
S2: when the temperature of the vehicle power system is lower than a low-temperature threshold value, charging and discharging the power battery module, and self-heating the vehicle power system by heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module; in a driving state, the power battery module is charged by using only an external heating capacitor of the external heating module; in a standby state or a charging state, an external heating capacitor of an external heating module and an adjusting capacitor of a motor control module are used for charging the power battery module;
S3: and stopping charging and discharging the power battery module when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches a heating stopping temperature threshold value, and completing self-heating of the vehicle power system.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S2, the number of the connected adjustment capacitors is controlled by a capacitance adjustment control switch of the bus capacitor adjustment circuit according to the vehicle state, and the capacitance value of the bus capacitor is adjusted; in a running state, the bus capacitor adjusting circuit is connected with three adjusting capacitors; in the standby state or the charging state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected to only one adjusting capacitance.
6. The method for compositely heating the power system of the electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the high-frequency switching tube of the inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switching tube of the external heating module complete the charge and discharge of the power battery module in a high-frequency on-off mode, the on-off frequency of the high-frequency switching tube of the inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switching tube of the external heating module is greater than a safety frequency, and the safety frequency can ensure that the use safety and the service life of the power battery module are not affected when the power battery module is charged and discharged at a low temperature, and can also ensure that the heating rate of the power battery module meets the operation requirement of the vehicle.
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