CN114889497A - Composite heating device for power system of electric vehicle and control method - Google Patents
Composite heating device for power system of electric vehicle and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114889497A CN114889497A CN202210459607.0A CN202210459607A CN114889497A CN 114889497 A CN114889497 A CN 114889497A CN 202210459607 A CN202210459607 A CN 202210459607A CN 114889497 A CN114889497 A CN 114889497A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a composite heating device and a control method for a power system of an electric vehicle, which comprises a motor control module, a power battery module and an external heating module; the motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitance regulating circuit, wherein the three-phase inverter circuit consists of high-frequency switch tubes; the power battery module comprises a power battery module; the external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor, an external heating switch, a first selection switch, an external heating inductor, a second selection switch, an external heating high-frequency switch tube and pre-charging devices connected in parallel at two ends of the external heating switch, wherein the external heating capacitor, the external heating switch, the first selection switch, the external heating inductor, the second selection switch, the external heating high-frequency switch tube and the pre-charging devices are connected in series. The vehicle power system is heated by heat generated in the charging and discharging processes of the power battery module; selecting a heating mode according to the vehicle state, and adjusting the capacitance value of the bus capacitor; the rapid heating of the power battery is realized, the problems of poor dynamic property, short driving range and long charging time of the electric vehicle at low temperature are solved, the safety of the power battery is ensured, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle power system heat management, in particular to a composite heating device and a control method for an electric vehicle power system.
Background
The key technology of the new energy automobile still has the problems: for example, the power performance of the electric vehicle in winter is limited, the power performance is poor, the charging time is long, and the like, and in order to solve the technical problem, the power battery system of the electric vehicle needs to be effectively controlled by temperature. At present, a power system of an electric vehicle generally adopts heating films, liquid thermal circulation and other modes for heating, and the problems of low heating rate, high heating cost, high energy consumption of the whole vehicle and the like exist, so that the application range of the electric vehicle is greatly limited. The mode of heating the film is adopted, so that the risk of falling off and dry burning exists, and serious potential safety hazards are caused; and the heating is carried out in a liquid heat circulation mode, so that the heating speed is low, the efficiency is low, the charging time of the vehicle is long, the dynamic performance is poor, and the heating energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite heating device and a control method for a power system of an electric vehicle, which can realize the rapid heating of a power battery in the running and charging states of the vehicle, solve the industrial problems of poor dynamic property, short driving range, long charging time and the like of the electric vehicle at low temperature, ensure the safety of the power battery and prolong the service life of the battery.
The invention adopts a technical scheme that: a composite heating device of an electric vehicle power system comprises a motor control module, a power battery module and an external heating module; the motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitor adjusting circuit, the bus capacitor adjusting circuit is connected with the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit, the inverter circuit is composed of a high-frequency switch tube, the bus capacitor adjusting circuit is provided with three parallel branches, each branch comprises an adjusting capacitor and a capacitor adjusting control switch which are connected in series, and a pre-charging device connected with the capacitor adjusting control switch in parallel; the power battery module comprises a power battery module, the positive electrode of the power battery module is connected with the adjusting capacitor, and the negative electrode of the power battery module is connected with the capacitor adjusting control switch; the external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor, an external heating switch, a first selection switch, an external heating inductor, a second selection switch, an external heating high-frequency switching tube and pre-charging devices connected to two ends of the external heating switch in parallel, wherein the external heating capacitor, the external heating switch, the first selection switch, the external heating inductor, the second selection switch, the external heating high-frequency switching tube and the pre-charging devices are mutually connected in series; the external heating high-frequency switch tube is further connected with the positive electrode of the power battery module, the first selector switch is further connected with the second selector switch and the negative electrode of the power battery module, and the external heating switch and the second selector switch are further connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module.
Further, a positive contactor is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module and the adjusting capacitor, and a negative contactor is further arranged between the negative electrode of the power battery module and the capacitor adjusting control switch.
Furthermore, a fuse is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module and the positive electrode contactor.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a composite heating method for an electric vehicle power system uses the composite heating device in the technical scheme to heat the power of an electric vehicle, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the whole vehicle is electrified to complete initialization, and whether a vehicle charging gun signal is effective is detected;
if the vehicle charging electric gun signal is invalid, further detecting whether a vehicle accelerator pedal signal and a parking signal are valid; if the accelerator pedal signal of the vehicle is effective and the parking signal is ineffective, the vehicle enters a running state and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged; if the accelerator pedal signal of the vehicle is invalid and the parking signal is valid, the vehicle enters a standby state and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged;
if the signal of the vehicle charging electric gun is effective, the vehicle enters a charging state and whether a vehicle power system needs to be heated or not is judged;
s2: when the temperature of the vehicle power system is lower than a low-temperature threshold value, the power battery module is charged and discharged, and the vehicle power system is self-heated through heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module; in a driving state, charging the power battery module by using the external heating capacitor of the external heating module; in a standby state or a charging state, charging the power battery module by using an external heating capacitor of the external heating module and an adjusting capacitor of the motor control module;
s3: and when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stopping temperature threshold value, stopping charging and discharging the power battery module, and completing self-heating of the vehicle power system.
Further, in step S2, according to the vehicle state, the capacitance value of the bus capacitor is adjusted by controlling the number of the accessed adjusting capacitors through the capacitance adjusting control switch of the bus capacitor adjusting circuit; in a driving state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with three adjusting capacitors; in a standby state or a charging state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with only one adjusting capacitor.
Further, in step S2, the high frequency switch tube of the inverter circuit and the external heating high frequency switch tube of the external heating module complete the charging and discharging of the power battery module in a high frequency on-off mode, the on-off frequency of the high frequency switch tube of the inverter circuit and the external heating high frequency switch of the external heating module is greater than the safety frequency, the safety frequency can ensure that the power battery module does not affect the use safety and the service life of the power battery module during the charging and discharging at a low temperature, and can also ensure that the heating rate of the power battery module meets the operation requirements of the vehicle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the power battery module is charged and discharged, and the heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module is utilized to heat the vehicle power system; selecting a heating mode according to the vehicle state, and charging the power battery module by using the external heating capacitor of the external heating module in the driving state; in a standby state or a charging state, charging the power battery module by using an external heating capacitor of the external heating module and an adjusting capacitor of the motor control module; the vehicle safety is guaranteed, the normal running of the vehicle is not influenced, the heating requirement of a vehicle power system is met, and the heating efficiency is improved;
(2) the adjusting capacitors of the three branches can be equivalent to bus capacitors, and the capacitance values of the bus capacitors are adjusted according to different heating modes in the process of charging and discharging the power battery module; in a driving state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with three adjusting capacitors; in a standby state or a charging state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is only connected with one adjusting capacitor, so that the heating efficiency and the vehicle operation efficiency can be effectively improved;
(3) the on-off frequency of the high-frequency switch tube of the control inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switch of the external heating module is greater than the safety frequency, so that the power battery module is not influenced in use safety and service life when the power battery module is charged and discharged at low temperature under the safety frequency, the heating rate of the power battery module can meet the operation requirement of a vehicle, and the safe operation of a whole vehicle system is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a discharging process of a power battery module in a driving state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a charging process of a power battery module in a driving state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a discharging process of the power battery module in a standby state or a charging state according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a charging process of the power battery module in a standby state or a charging state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a composite heating method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of this patent application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1, the hybrid heating device for the power system of the electric vehicle comprises a motor control module, a power battery module and an external heating module. The motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitance adjusting circuit, and the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit. The inverter circuit is composed of three parallel branches formed by high-frequency switching tubes V1-V6, a first high-frequency switching tube V1 and a sixth high-frequency switching tube V6 are connected in series to form a first branch, a third high-frequency switching tube V3 and a fourth high-frequency switching tube V4 are connected in series to form a second branch, a fifth high-frequency switching tube V5 and a second high-frequency switching tube V2 are connected in series to form a third branch, and a series point formed by connecting the first high-frequency switching tube V1 and the sixth high-frequency switching tube V6 in series, a series point formed by connecting the third high-frequency switching tube V3 and the fourth high-frequency switching tube V4, and a series point formed by connecting the fifth high-frequency switching tube V5 and the second high-frequency switching tube V2 are respectively connected with a three-phase alternating current input end of the motor.
The bus capacitor adjusting circuit is provided with three branches connected in parallel, wherein each branch comprises adjusting capacitors C1-C3 and capacitor adjusting control switches S1-S3 which are connected in series, and pre-charging devices U1-U3 connected with the capacitor adjusting control switches in parallel; the power battery module comprises a power battery module BAT, the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT is connected with adjusting capacitors C1-C3, and the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT is connected with capacitor adjusting control switches S1-S3.
The external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor C4, an external heating switch S4, a first selector switch S5, an external heating inductor L4, a second selector switch S6, an external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 and a pre-charging device U4 connected with the two ends of the external heating switch S4 in parallel, wherein the external heating capacitor C4, the external heating switch S4, the first selector switch S5, the external heating inductor L4, the second selector switch S6, the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 and the pre-charging device U4 are connected with each other in series; the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 is further connected with the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT, the first selector switch S5 is further connected with the second selector switch S6 and the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT, and the external heating switch S4 and the second selector switch S6 are further connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT. The first selector switch S5 and the second selector switch S6 are used for forming a current loop flowing through an external heating inductor L4, and the pre-charging devices U1-U4 are used for guaranteeing safe access of a load; the first selector switch S5 and the second selector switch S6 are respectively provided with a common end and two contacts, the common ends of the first selector switch S5 and the second selector switch S6 are respectively connected with the external heating inductor L4, the contact No. 2 of the first selector switch S5 and the contact No. 1 of the second selector switch S6 are connected with the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7, and the contact No. 1 of the first selector switch S5 and the contact No. 2 of the second selector switch S6 are connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module BAT.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the power battery module BAT is charged and discharged, and the heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module BAT is utilized to heat the vehicle power system; the adjusting capacitors C1-C3 of the three branches can be equivalent to bus capacitors, and different heating modes are adopted according to vehicle states in the process of charging and discharging the power battery module BAT, and the capacitance values of the bus capacitors are adjusted; in a driving state, the power battery module BAT is charged only by using the external heating capacitor C4 of the external heating module, and the bus capacitor regulating circuit is connected with the three regulating capacitors; in a standby state or a charging state, the external heating capacitor C4 of the external heating module and the adjusting capacitors C1-C3 of the motor control module are used for charging the power battery module BAT, and the bus capacitor adjusting circuit is only connected to one adjusting capacitor; therefore, the safety of the vehicle is guaranteed, the normal running of the vehicle is not influenced, the heating requirement of a vehicle power system is met, and the heating efficiency is improved. In order to ensure the safe operation of the embodiment of the invention, an anode contactor K1 is arranged between the anode of the power battery module BAT and the regulating capacitor, a cathode contactor K2 is arranged between the cathode of the power battery module BAT and the capacitor regulating control switch, and the access of the power battery module BAT is controlled through the anode contactor K1 and the cathode contactor K2. A fuse RT is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT and the positive electrode contactor K1, and the fuse RT is connected in series at the front end of the load to perform overload protection on the power battery module BAT.
The specific working principle of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
(1) in a driving state
When the vehicle controller detects that a vehicle charging gun signal is invalid, a vehicle accelerator pedal is valid and a brake pedal is invalid, the vehicle is in a running state, after pre-charging devices U1-U3 of a motor control module and a pre-charging device U4 of an external heating module complete pre-charging, capacitance adjusting control switches S1-S3 are closed, adjusting capacitors C1-C3 are all connected into a bus capacitor adjusting circuit, and adjusting capacitors C1-C3 are connected in parallel to serve as bus capacitors. When the temperature of the power system is lower than the low-temperature threshold value, the power system needs to be heated, and only the pre-charging device U4 of the external heating module is used for heating the power system. And (4) closing the external heating switch S4, controlling the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 to be switched on and off at a frequency not lower than the safety frequency, and switching on the No. 1 contact by the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6. As shown in fig. 2, the current flows out of the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT and flows into the external heating inductor L4, at this time, the external heating capacitor C4 outputs the current to the external heating inductor L4 synchronously, and when the current flowing through the external heating inductor L4 gradually decreases to 0, the discharging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
After the power battery module BAT finishes discharging, the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 are both switched to turn on the contact 2. As shown in fig. 3, at this time, the current flows out of the external heating inductor L4, and then flows into the power battery module BAT and the external heating capacitor C4; when the current flowing through the external heating inductor L4 gradually decreases to 0, the charging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
And when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stop temperature threshold, closing all the switches, and stopping charging and discharging the power battery module BAT to finish the self-heating of the vehicle power system.
(2) Standby state
When the vehicle control unit detects that a vehicle charging gun signal is invalid, a vehicle accelerator pedal is invalid and a brake pedal is valid, the vehicle is in a standby state, after pre-charging devices U1-U3 of a motor control module and a pre-charging device U4 of an external heating module complete pre-charging, a capacitance adjusting control switch S1 is closed, an adjusting capacitor C1 is connected into a bus capacitance adjusting circuit, and only an adjusting capacitor C1 is used as a bus capacitor. When the temperature of the power system is lower than the low-temperature threshold value, the power system needs to be heated, and at the moment, the pre-charging devices U1-U3 of the motor control module and the pre-charging device U4 of the external heating module are used for heating the power system together. And (3) closing the external heating switch S4, controlling the high-frequency switch tubes V1, V2 and V4 and the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 to be switched on and off at a frequency not lower than the safety frequency, and switching on the No. 1 contact by the first selection switch S5 and the second selection switch S6 at the moment. As shown in fig. 4, the current flows from the positive electrode of the power battery module BAT, a part of the current flows into the motor equivalent inductor L1+ (L2// L3), and the other part of the current flows into the external heating inductor L4. At this time, the adjusting capacitor C1 and the external heating capacitor C4 also output currents to the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor L1+ (L2// L3), and when the currents in the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor L1+ (L2// L3) gradually decrease to 0, the discharging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
After the power battery module BAT finishes discharging, the high-frequency switch tubes V1, V2 and V4 are turned off, the first selector switch S5 and the second selector switch S6 are switched to turn on the contact 2, and the high-frequency switch tubes V3, V5 and V7 and the external heating high-frequency switch tube V7 are turned on and off at a frequency not lower than the safety frequency. As shown in fig. 5, the current flows out from the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor L1+ (L2// L3), and then flows into the power battery module BAT, the regulating capacitor C1 and the external heating capacitor C4; when the current flowing through the external heating inductor L4 and the motor equivalent inductor L1+ (L2// L3) gradually decreases to 0, the charging process of the power battery module BAT is completed.
And when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stop temperature threshold, closing all the switches, and stopping charging and discharging the power battery module BAT to finish the self-heating of the vehicle power system.
(3) State of charge
When the vehicle controller detects that the signal of the vehicle charging electric lance is effective, the vehicle is in a charging state, and at the moment, the heating process of the power system is consistent with the standby state, which is not described in detail herein.
The low temperature threshold and the heating stop temperature threshold are used as signals for starting and stopping the heating power system, and the specific temperature value is determined according to the battery type of the power battery module BAT. In the embodiment of the invention, the low-temperature threshold is 0 ℃, and the heating stopping temperature threshold is 5 ℃. In the heating process, high frequency switch tube V1~ V6 and external heating high frequency switch tube V7 all need carry out the break-make with the frequency that is greater than safe frequency, and safe frequency must not influence the safe in utilization and the life of power battery module when can guaranteeing power battery module low temperature charge-discharge, can guarantee again that the rate of heating of power battery module satisfies the operation demand of vehicle. In an embodiment of the invention, the safe frequency is 700 Hz.
As shown in fig. 6, a hybrid heating method for an electric vehicle power system is adopted in the embodiment of the present invention, and the hybrid heating device according to the embodiment of the present invention is used for heating power of an electric vehicle, and includes the following specific steps:
s1: the whole vehicle is electrified to complete initialization, and whether a vehicle charging gun signal is effective is detected;
if the vehicle charging electric gun signal is invalid, further detecting whether a vehicle accelerator pedal signal and a parking signal are valid; if the accelerator pedal signal of the vehicle is effective and the parking signal is ineffective, the vehicle enters a running state and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged; if the accelerator pedal signal of the vehicle is invalid and the parking signal is valid, the vehicle enters a standby state and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged;
if the signal of the vehicle charging electric gun is effective, the vehicle enters a charging state and whether a vehicle power system needs to be heated or not is judged;
s2: when the temperature of the vehicle power system is lower than a low-temperature threshold value, the power battery module BAT is charged and discharged, and the vehicle power system is self-heated through heat generated in the charging and discharging processes of the power battery module BAT; in a driving state, the power battery module BAT is charged only by using the external heating capacitor C4 of the external heating module; in a standby state or a charging state, charging the power battery module BAT by using an external heating capacitor C4 of the external heating module and adjusting capacitors C1-C3 of the motor control module;
s3: and when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stop temperature threshold, stopping charging and discharging the power battery module BAT to finish the self-heating of the vehicle power system.
According to the vehicle power system, the power battery module BAT is charged and discharged, and heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module BAT is used for heating the vehicle power system; the heating mode is selected according to the vehicle state, and the capacitance value of the bus capacitor is adjusted, so that the vehicle safety is guaranteed, the normal running of the vehicle is not influenced, the heating requirement of a vehicle power system is met, and the heating efficiency is improved; in the heating process, the on-off frequency of the high-frequency switch tubes V1-V6 of the control inverter circuit and the external heating high-frequency switch V7 of the external heating module is controlled to be larger than the safe frequency, so that the use safety and the service life of the power battery module BAT are not influenced when the power battery module BAT is charged and discharged at a low temperature, the heating rate of the power battery module BAT meets the operation requirement of a vehicle, and the safe operation of a whole vehicle system is guaranteed. By the composite heating device and the composite heating method, the power system can be rapidly and compositely heated in the states of driving, standby and charging of the vehicle, the industrial problems of poor dynamic property, short driving range, long charging time and the like of the electric vehicle at low temperature are solved, the system safety is guaranteed, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A composite heating device for a power system of an electric vehicle is characterized by comprising a motor control module, a power battery module and an external heating module; the motor control module comprises a three-phase inverter circuit and a bus capacitor regulating circuit, the bus capacitor regulating circuit is connected with the input end of the three-phase inverter circuit, the inverter circuit consists of a high-frequency switch tube, the bus capacitor regulating circuit is provided with three parallel branches, and each branch comprises a regulating capacitor and a capacitor regulating control switch which are connected in series, and a pre-charging device connected with the capacitor regulating control switch in parallel; the power battery module comprises a power battery module, the positive electrode of the power battery module is connected with the adjusting capacitor, and the negative electrode of the power battery module is connected with the capacitor adjusting control switch; the external heating module comprises an external heating capacitor, an external heating switch, a first selection switch, an external heating inductor, a second selection switch, an external heating high-frequency switching tube and pre-charging devices connected to two ends of the external heating switch in parallel, wherein the external heating capacitor, the external heating switch, the first selection switch, the external heating inductor, the second selection switch, the external heating high-frequency switching tube and the pre-charging devices are mutually connected in series; the external heating high-frequency switch tube is further connected with the positive electrode of the power battery module, the first selector switch is further connected with the second selector switch and the negative electrode of the power battery module, and the external heating switch and the second selector switch are further connected with the negative electrode of the power battery module.
2. The hybrid heating device for the power system of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a positive contactor is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module and the regulating capacitor, and a negative contactor is further arranged between the negative electrode of the power battery module and the capacitor regulating control switch.
3. The hybrid heating device for the power system of the electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a fuse is further arranged between the positive electrode of the power battery module and the positive electrode contactor.
4. A composite heating method for an electric vehicle power system is characterized in that the composite heating device according to any one of claims 1-3 is used for heating the power of the electric vehicle, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the whole vehicle is electrified to complete initialization, and whether a vehicle charging gun signal is effective is detected;
if the vehicle charging electric gun signal is invalid, further detecting whether a vehicle accelerator pedal signal and a parking signal are valid; if the accelerator pedal signal of the vehicle is effective and the parking signal is ineffective, the vehicle enters a running state and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged; if the accelerator pedal signal of the vehicle is invalid and the parking signal is valid, the vehicle enters a standby state and whether a power system of the vehicle needs to be heated or not is judged;
if the signal of the vehicle charging electric gun is effective, the vehicle enters a charging state and whether a vehicle power system needs to be heated or not is judged;
s2: when the temperature of the vehicle power system is lower than a low-temperature threshold value, the power battery module is charged and discharged, and the vehicle power system is self-heated through heat generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery module; in a driving state, charging the power battery module by using the external heating capacitor of the external heating module; in a standby state or a charging state, charging the power battery module by using an external heating capacitor of the external heating module and an adjusting capacitor of the motor control module;
s3: and when the temperature of the vehicle power system reaches the heating stopping temperature threshold value, stopping charging and discharging the power battery module, and completing self-heating of the vehicle power system.
5. The hybrid heating method for the power system of the electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein in step S2, the capacitance value of the bus capacitor is adjusted by controlling the amount of the accessed adjusting capacitor through the capacitance adjusting control switch of the bus capacitor adjusting circuit according to the vehicle state; in a driving state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with three adjusting capacitors; in a standby state or a charging state, the bus capacitance adjusting circuit is connected with only one adjusting capacitor.
6. The composite heating method for the power system of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S2, the high frequency switch tube of the inverter circuit and the external high frequency switch tube of the external heating module complete charging and discharging of the power battery module by high frequency on-off, and the on-off frequency of the high frequency switch tube of the inverter circuit and the external high frequency switch of the external heating module is greater than a safety frequency, which can ensure that the power battery module does not affect the safety and the service life of the power battery module during charging and discharging at low temperature, and can ensure that the heating rate of the power battery module meets the operation requirement of the vehicle.
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