CN114932838A - Energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system, method and medium - Google Patents
Energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system, method and medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114932838A CN114932838A CN202210294429.0A CN202210294429A CN114932838A CN 114932838 A CN114932838 A CN 114932838A CN 202210294429 A CN202210294429 A CN 202210294429A CN 114932838 A CN114932838 A CN 114932838A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a system, a method and a medium for balancing the state of charge of a parallel battery cluster of an energy storage system, wherein the system comprises a battery energy management system, an upper computer system, a control system and a state of charge balancing circuit; the battery energy management system is used for detecting the charge states of different battery clusters in real time; the control system is used for comparing and calculating the charge state balance reference values of different parallel battery clusters and the output current reference values of the battery clusters required by maintaining and charge state balance; the charge state balancing circuit is used for controlling the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of each parallel battery cluster and realizing the balance control of the charge state of the parallel battery clusters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power batteries, and particularly relates to a parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system, method and medium for an energy storage system.
Background
The main problem of frequent accidents of batteries of electric automobiles is that once a single chip microcomputer is halted or out of control, if a vehicle system is just in a charging state, the system can be overcharged and ignited directly.
Due to the inconsistency of the production specifications of the existing battery system, differences exist between monomers in the battery cluster, and the differences enable the capacity differences among the monomers to be larger along with the increase of the charging and discharging times. Because the battery cluster has a "barrel effect", that is, the characteristics of the battery cluster are determined by the worst battery, the performance of the whole battery cluster is affected if the capacity of the battery cluster is unbalanced. At present, for main components of an equalization system, resistance equalization and energy storage equalization are common equalization methods for lithium ion power batteries without external energy. However, the resistance equalization method has the problems that the resistance is not easy to select and the heat management is difficult. The energy storage balancing is realized by charging and discharging energy storage elements such as inductors or capacitors by the batteries, and switching of the energy storage elements among the unbalanced batteries is realized through a relay or a switching device, so that energy transfer among the batteries is achieved, and although the efficiency of energy storage balancing is high, the current in the balancing process is uncontrollable, and the batteries can be damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provides a system, a method and a medium for balancing the charge state of a parallel battery cluster of an energy storage system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system of an energy storage system comprises a battery energy management system, an upper computer system, a control system and a state of charge balancing circuit;
the battery energy management system is used for detecting the charge states of different battery clusters in real time;
the control system is used for comparing and calculating the charge state balance reference values of different parallel battery clusters and the output current reference values of the battery clusters required by maintaining and charge state balance;
the charge state balancing circuit is used for controlling the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of each parallel battery cluster and realizing the balance control of the charge state of the parallel battery clusters.
Further, the state of charge balance reference value is specifically:
the battery energy management system uploads the actual state of charge and the maximum available capacity of each parallel battery cluster; when the maximum available capacity is the same and the state of charge is different among different parallel battery clusters, the upper computer system compares the real-time state of charge of different battery clusters, and the average value is taken as the state of charge balance reference value of each battery cluster required for maintaining the state of charge balance of the system.
Further, when the maximum available capacity and the state of charge of different parallel battery clusters are different, the upper computer system controls the state of charge of each parallel battery cluster in the charging and discharging process to change according to a certain rule according to different control principles of the energy storage system, and the state of charge is used as a state of charge reference value in the state of charge balancing process.
Further, the state of charge balancing circuit is a direct current converter with bidirectional power transmission and bipolar voltage output.
Further, the control system compares the real-time charge state of each parallel battery cluster with a charge state reference value given by the upper computer system, and if the difference value is smaller than a certain specific constant gamma, the charge state equalization circuit is locked; and otherwise, accessing a charge state balancing circuit, and realizing the balance control of the charge states among different parallel battery clusters through the control of the control system.
Further, if the number of the locks of the state of charge balancing circuit in a certain state of charge balancing process is equal to the number of the parallel-connected clusters of the energy storage system, that is, all the parallel-connected battery clusters do not need to be subjected to state of charge balancing, the state of charge balancing of the energy storage system is completed.
Further, the controlling the polarity and magnitude of the output voltage of each parallel battery cluster specifically comprises:
the control system controls the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of the charge state equalizing circuit according to the magnitude relation between the charge state reference value and the actual value given by the upper computer system, when the actual charge state of the charge state equalizing circuit is smaller than the charge state reference value, the output voltage is negative, and when the actual charge state of the charge state equalizing circuit is larger than the charge state reference value, the output voltage is positive.
The invention also comprises a parallel battery cluster charge state balancing method of the energy storage system based on the provided system, wherein the battery energy management system detects and compares the charge states of different battery clusters in real time, when the charge states of the battery clusters are unbalanced, the control system calculates to obtain the charge state balancing reference values of the different parallel battery clusters, and calculates to generate the output current reference value of the battery cluster required for maintaining the charge state balancing, thereby controlling the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of the charge state balancing circuit of each parallel battery cluster and realizing the balancing control of the charge states of the parallel battery clusters.
Further, for parallel battery clusters needing state of charge balance control, firstly, a current reference value and an actual current difference value are obtained through an output current reference value deviation and state of charge deviation curve, and then an output current reference value for state of charge balance of each parallel battery cluster is obtained, and if the absolute value of the output current reference value obtained through calculation is larger than the maximum charge-discharge current of the parallel battery cluster, the input and output current reference value of the battery of the cluster is set to be the maximum charge-discharge current.
The invention also comprises a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method as provided by the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. for the battery clusters needing the charge state balance control, the control system can control the turn-off of the load short-circuit switch of the corresponding charge state balance circuit to carry out power balance on the parallel circuit, and for the battery clusters not needing the charge state balance control, the control system can control the turn-on of the load short-circuit switch of the corresponding charge state balance circuit to carry out power balance on the parallel circuit.
2. For the equalizing circuit which is connected into the system to perform charge state equalization control, the stability of the capacitance voltage of the middle bus and the balance of the capacitance energy of the bus can be maintained by controlling the switching of the switching tubes of the bidirectional DC/DC converters, and the sum of the output powers of different converters is controlled to be 0, namely, the series capacitance loss of the parallel battery cluster charge state equalizing circuit of the energy storage system during working is 0, so that the system efficiency is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of current reference deviation and state of charge deviation of a parallel battery cluster equalization circuit;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a state of charge equalization circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system, which includes a battery energy management system, an upper computer system, a control system and a state of charge balancing circuit;
the battery energy management system is used for detecting the charge states of different battery clusters in real time;
the control system is used for comparing and calculating the charge state balance reference values of different parallel battery clusters and the output current reference values of the battery clusters required by maintaining and charge state balance;
the charge state balancing circuit is used for controlling the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of each parallel battery cluster and realizing the balance control of the charge state of the parallel battery clusters.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the state of charge balancing circuit is configured as a dc converter with bidirectional power transmission and bipolar voltage output.
The battery energy management system uploads the actual state of charge and the maximum available capacity of each parallel battery cluster. When the maximum available capacity is the same and the state of charge is different among different parallel battery clusters, the upper computer system compares the real-time state of charge of different battery clusters, and the average value is taken as the state of charge balance reference value of each battery cluster required for maintaining the state of charge balance of the system. When the maximum available capacity and the state of charge of different parallel battery clusters are different, the upper computer system can control the state of charge of each parallel battery cluster in the charging and discharging process to change according to a certain rule according to different control principles of the energy storage system, for example, a capacity optimal utilization principle, and the change is used as a state of charge reference value in the state of charge balancing process.
The control system compares the real-time charge state of each parallel battery cluster with a charge state reference value given by an upper computer system, and if the difference is very small and is smaller than a certain specific constant gamma, the charge state equalization circuit is locked; if the difference is large, the charge state equalization circuits of the parallel battery clusters are connected, and the charge state equalization control among different parallel battery clusters is realized through the control of the control system. For the parallel battery clusters needing the charge state balance control, firstly, a current reference value and an actual current difference value are obtained through an output current reference value deviation and a charge state deviation curve, and then an output current reference value for charge state balance of each parallel battery cluster is obtained, if the absolute value of the output current reference value obtained through calculation is larger than the maximum charge-discharge current of the parallel battery clusters, the input and output current reference value of the battery of the cluster is set to be the maximum charge-discharge current, and the service life of a battery system is effectively protected.
The control system can control the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of the charge state equalizing circuit according to the magnitude relation between the charge state reference value and the actual value given by the upper computer system, when the actual charge state is smaller than the charge state reference value, the output voltage is negative, and when the actual charge state is larger than the charge state reference value, the output voltage is positive. And if the number of the locked equalizing circuits is equal to the number of the parallel clusters of the battery energy storage system in a certain charge state equalizing process, namely all the parallel battery clusters do not need to be subjected to charge state equalizing, the charge state equalizing of the energy storage system is finished.
As shown in FIG. 3, assume that the cell clusters are used for output current reference I of state of charge equalization refi With the actual current I i The absolute value of the feedback value deviation is delta I, if the actual value of the state of charge of the ith battery cluster is greater than the average value of the state of charge, the reference value of the output current of the ith battery cluster can be set as I to reduce the state of charge of the ith battery cluster i +ΔI i Increasing the discharge current, and controlling the voltage of the series capacitor to be negative polarity by the bidirectional converter; otherwise, the output current reference value of the battery cluster is I i -ΔI i The bidirectional converter controls the voltage of the series capacitor to be positive.
As shown in FIG. 3, Δ I i ＝min{ΔI max ,k·|SOC i -SOC av In which Δ I max Setting Delta I for the maximum deviation of the output current reference value from the actual output current max The method can prevent the sudden reversal of the battery current in the control process and also can prevent the occurrence of large-current discharge when the temperature of the battery cluster is too high.
As shown in fig. 2, in another embodiment, there is further provided a method for balancing the state of charge of parallel battery clusters of an energy storage system based on the foregoing embodiments, where the method includes detecting and comparing the states of charge SOC of different battery clusters in real time by a battery energy management system 1 、SOC 2 、……、SOC n When the states of charge among the battery clusters are unbalanced, the control system calculates to obtain the state of charge balance reference values SOC of different parallel battery clusters ref1 、SOC ref2 、……、SOC refn Then calculating and generating a battery cluster output current reference value I required for maintaining the state of charge balance ref1 、I ref2 、……、I refn Thereby controlling the polarity sum of the output voltage of the charge state equalizing circuit of each parallel battery clusterAnd the size of the battery pack realizes the balanced control of the charge state of the parallel battery packs.
In another embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of the above-described embodiments.
It should also be noted that in this specification, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system of an energy storage system is characterized by comprising a battery energy management system, an upper computer system, a control system and a state of charge balancing circuit;
the battery energy management system is used for detecting the charge states of different battery clusters in real time;
the control system is used for comparing and calculating the charge state balance reference values of different parallel battery clusters and the output current reference values of the battery clusters required by maintaining and charge state balance;
the charge state balancing circuit is used for controlling the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of each parallel battery cluster and realizing the balance control of the charge state of the parallel battery clusters.
2. The energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge equalization system of claim 1, wherein the state of charge equalization reference values are specifically:
the battery energy management system uploads the actual state of charge and the maximum available capacity of each parallel battery cluster; when the maximum available capacity is the same and the state of charge is different among different parallel battery clusters, the upper computer system compares the real-time state of charge of different battery clusters, and the average value is taken as the state of charge balance reference value of each battery cluster required for maintaining the state of charge balance of the system.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein when the maximum available capacity and the state of charge of different parallel battery clusters are different, the upper computer system controls the state of charge of each parallel battery cluster in the charging and discharging process to change according to a certain rule according to different control principles of the energy storage system, and the change is used as the reference value of the state of charge in the state of charge balancing process.
4. The energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge equalization system of claim 1, characterized in that the state of charge equalization circuit is a dc converter with bidirectional power transmission and bipolar voltage output.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the control system compares the real-time state of charge of each parallel battery cluster with a state of charge reference value given by the upper computer system, and if the difference is smaller than a specific constant γ, the state of charge balancing circuit is locked; otherwise, a charge state balancing circuit is connected, and the balance control of the charge states among different parallel battery clusters is realized through the control of the control system.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the energy storage system charge state equalization is completed if the number of the locks of the charge state equalization circuit in a certain charge state equalization process is equal to the number of the parallel-connected energy storage system clusters, that is, all the parallel-connected battery clusters do not need to be subjected to charge state equalization.
7. The energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge equalization system of claim 3, wherein the controlling of the polarity and magnitude of the output voltage of each parallel battery cluster is specifically:
the control system controls the polarity and the magnitude of the output voltage of the charge state equalizing circuit according to the magnitude relation between the charge state reference value and the actual value given by the upper computer system, when the actual charge state is smaller than the charge state reference value, the output voltage is negative, and when the actual charge state is larger than the charge state reference value, the output voltage is positive.
8. The energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing method based on any one of the systems of claims 1-7, characterized in that a battery energy management system detects and compares the states of charge of different battery clusters in real time, when the states of charge between the battery clusters are unbalanced, a control system calculates to obtain the state of charge balancing reference values of the different parallel battery clusters, and calculates to generate the output current reference value of the battery cluster required for maintaining the state of charge balancing, thereby controlling the polarity and magnitude of the output voltage of the state of charge balancing circuit of each parallel battery cluster, and realizing the balancing control of the states of charge of the parallel battery clusters.
9. The energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing method according to claim 8, wherein for a parallel battery cluster requiring state of charge balancing control, a current reference value and an actual current difference value are obtained through an output current reference value deviation and state of charge deviation curve, and then an output current reference value for state of charge balancing is obtained for each parallel battery cluster, and if the absolute value of the calculated output current reference value is greater than the maximum charge-discharge current of the parallel battery cluster, the input-output current reference value of the battery cluster is set to be the maximum charge-discharge current.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of any one of claims 8 to 9.
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| CN202210294429.0A CN114932838A (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system, method and medium |
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| CN202210294429.0A CN114932838A (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Energy storage system parallel battery cluster state of charge balancing system, method and medium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115800417A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-03-14 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery control method, energy storage system, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115800417A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-03-14 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery control method, energy storage system, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN115800417B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-11-14 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery control method, energy storage system, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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