CN114889288B - 一种全水性绒面超纤基材及其制造工艺和制造生产线 - Google Patents

一种全水性绒面超纤基材及其制造工艺和制造生产线 Download PDF

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CN114889288B
CN114889288B CN202210638841.XA CN202210638841A CN114889288B CN 114889288 B CN114889288 B CN 114889288B CN 202210638841 A CN202210638841 A CN 202210638841A CN 114889288 B CN114889288 B CN 114889288B
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fiber
superfine fiber
carrier roller
layer
base cloth
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CN114889288A (zh
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顾勇杰
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Heshan Plato Innovation Technology Co ltd
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Heshan Plato Innovation Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及皮革技术领域，具体涉及一种全水性绒面超纤基材及其制造工艺和制造生产线，所述基材从上往下依次包括上超细纤维层、基布层和下超细纤维层，所述上超细纤维层和基布层之间、下超细纤维层和基布层之间均通过水刺进行连接，所述基布层为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种，所述上超细纤维层和下超细纤维层采用单丝细度为0.1‑0.5D的超细纤维。本发明的全水性绒面超纤基材通过采用超细纤维制造而成，柔韧性好，手感柔软舒适，抗皱性与耐磨性较好，蓬松性好，光泽柔和，还具有较高的清洁能力吸水性与吸油性，且产品密度高，不会出现表层剥离、开裂的现象。

Description

一种全水性绒面超纤基材及其制造工艺和制造生产线
技术领域
本发明涉及皮革技术领域，具体涉及一种全水性绒面超纤基材及其制造工艺和制造生产线。
背景技术
人工制革产业化生产已有几十年历史，随着各种新材料的不断应用，其产品也在不断更新。革基布从机织物到今天的非织造布，所用树脂从聚氯乙烯、丙烯酸树脂到聚氨酯(PU)，纤维也从普通的化学纤维到藕状纤维和超细纤维等差别化纤维。在产品风格上，人工制革经历了从低档到高档，从仿形到仿真的发展过程，其特性甚至超越了天然皮革。
超细纤维主要分为超细天然纤维和超细合成纤维。超细天然纤维主要有动物纤维(蜘蛛丝、蚕丝、皮革、动物绒毛等)、植物纤维等；超细合成纤维主要有聚酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯、聚四氟乙烯以及玻璃纤维等纤维品种，行业内产量较大的是聚酯和聚酰胺两种超细纤维；超细纤维最为显著的特点是其单丝线密度大大低于常规普通纤维。由于超细纤维的这一显著特点，使其具有许多不同于普通纤维的性能，其中主要特性有：手感柔软而细腻且柔韧性好、抗皱性与耐磨性较好、蓬松性好且光泽柔和、织物高密度的结构与高清洁能力、保暖性好、较高的吸水性与吸油性，同时也是生物酶和离子交换利的良好载体。
目前，国内外生产的超细纤维绒面人造皮革，大多是以海岛超细纤维为原料，通过开松、梳理、成网，再由针刺(或水刺)机反复固结而成为坯布，然后经聚氨酯浸轧、凝固、碱液(或溶剂)溶去(或抽取)海的部分，最后经磨毛、染色、整理，即得成品。但上述方法工艺复杂，成本较高，且使用了大量溶剂处理，工艺不环保。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺点和不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种全水性绒面超纤基材，该全水性绒面超纤基材通过采用超细纤维制造而成，柔韧性好，手感柔软舒适，抗皱性与耐磨性较好，蓬松性好，光泽柔和，还具有较高的清洁能力吸水性与吸油性，且产品密度高，不会出现表层剥离、开裂的现象。
本发明的目的在于提供一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造工艺，该通过将上超细纤维层、基布层和下超细纤维层进行叠加，再通过水刺工艺对其进行复合，使得超细纤维交错，能有效提高基材的强度，工艺步骤简单，成本低，且工艺环保，特别适合用于鞋面等对强度要求较高的应用场景。
本发明的目的在于提供一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造生产线，该制造生产线通过在前超细纤维引料托辊的前端和后超细纤维引料托辊的顶部设置压辊，可以脱除超细纤维之间的水分；通过在后超细纤维引料托辊与复合引料托辊之间以及复合引料托辊的后端设置多缝抽吸辊，可以对基材进一步脱水，可以提高基材的拉力和撕裂强度，获得高克重、高质量的全水性绒面超纤基材。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：一种全水性绒面超纤基材，所述基材从上往下依次包括上超细纤维层、基布层和下超细纤维层，所述上超细纤维层和基布层之间、下超细纤维层和基布层之间均通过水刺进行连接，所述基布层为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种，所述上超细纤维层和下超细纤维层采用细度为0.1-0.5D的超细纤维。
优选的，所述超细纤维为涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、维纶、氨纶、聚烯烃弹性纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚四氟乙烯纤维和玻璃纤维的至少一种。
另一优选的，所述超细纤维为蜘蛛丝、蚕丝、绵羊毛、山羊毛、兔毛、骆驼毛和牦牛毛中的至少一种。
另一优选的，所述超细纤维为棉纤维、木棉纤维、竹纤维、大麻纤维、黄麻纤维、亚麻纤维、苎麻纤维、剑麻纤维、蕉麻纤维和椰壳纤维中的至少一种。
优选的，所述基布层由无纺布和编织布复合而成。
优选的，所述基材还包括底布层，所述底布层设置于所述下超细纤维层的底部，所述底布层与下超细纤维层通过水刺连接，所述底布层的材料为编织布。
本发明的另一个目的通过下述技术方案实现：一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)将制备好的上超细纤维浆料和下超细纤维浆料通过湿法斜网成型制成上超细纤维肧和下超细纤维肧；
(2)纺制无纺布原料和编织布原料，将无纺布原料和编织布原料通过水刺法进行连接复合得到基布；
(3)将上超细纤维肧、基布和下超细纤维肧依次叠加，并通过水刺法进行复合，得到三明治结构的基材；
(4)将三明治结构的基材和以编织布为原料的底布进行水刺复合，得到进一步加强的基材；
(5)水刺后的基材依次通过轧干、圆网烘干和圆筒烘干，得到全水性绒面超纤基材；
(6)将全水性绒面超纤基材通过超声波染色，再经磨毛，最后收卷，得到全水性绒面超纤皮革。
优选的，所述步骤(6)中，磨毛处理后的全水性绒面超纤基材先在皮革处理液中进行含浸处理，然后再经干热处理，最后收卷，得到全水性绒面超纤皮革。
优选的，所述皮革处理液包括如下重量份的原料：聚二甲基硅氧烷10-20份、尼泊金乙酯钠2-6份、纳米载银磷酸锆2-4份、铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌1-3份、羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐3-5份、椰油酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱1-2份、苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚0.5-1.5份、聚环氧乙烷脂肪酸酯0.5-1.5份、失水山梨糖脂肪酸酯0.4-0.8份和水40-60份。
本发明的皮革处理液用过采用聚二甲基硅氧烷，具有提高皮革光亮度以及柔软度的作用，通过采用尼泊金乙酯钠，具有增效防腐的作用，通过采用纳米载银磷酸锆，可以起到广谱抗菌的作用，通过采用铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌，具有抑菌活性的金属离子掺杂的光触媒，能够增强皮革广谱长效的抗菌防霉抗病毒性能，通过采用三羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐，可以起到抗静电的作用，通过采用椰油酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱和苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚作为表面活性剂复配使用，可以起到润湿性能和增容的作用，通过采用聚环氧乙烷脂肪酸酯和失水山梨糖脂肪酸酯作为分散剂，可以提高皮革处理液的分散性能和稳定性能。
本发明的皮革处理液通过采用尼泊金乙酯钠、纳米载银磷酸锆和铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌三者复配使用，具有协同作用，广谱抗菌效果好，对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、克莱伯氏菌、白色念珠菌和绿脓杆菌等均有较好的抑制作用，抑菌率可以达到99％以上，具有高效、广谱、持续性等特点，且无毒、无异味，对环境无影响。
本发明的皮革处理液通过采用上述原料，并严格控制各原料的重量配比，制得的皮革处理液具有广谱抗菌、防霉、防臭等功能，不仅可以防止皮革被微生物玷污、损伤和穿着舒适，还可以降低交叉感染，防止传播疾病，保证人体的安全健康；且还具有增亮、柔软和抗静电的作用，无毒环保。
本发明的还一个目的通过下述技术方案实现：一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造生产线，包括湿法斜网成型机、基布放卷机、基布皮带机、复合皮带机、水刺装置和烘干装置，所述湿法斜网成型机设有两台，所述基布放卷机位于基布皮带机的前端，两台湿法斜网成型机和基布皮带机的出料端汇合于复合皮带机上，所述水刺装置和烘干装置依次布置于复合皮带机的后端；
所述基布皮带机的出料端设有基布引料托辊，两台湿法斜网成型机一前一后布置于复合皮带机上方，前面一台湿法斜网成型机的出料端设有前超细纤维引料托辊，后面一台湿法斜网成型机的出料端设有后超细纤维引料托辊，所述基布引料托辊输出的基布夹设于前超细纤维引料托辊和后超细纤维引料托辊输出的基布之间；所述复合皮带机的上方设有复合引料托辊，所述基布引料托辊位于前超细纤维引料托辊和后超细纤维引料托辊的上方，所述复合引料托辊位于前超细纤维引料托辊和后超细纤维引料托辊的下方；
所述前超细纤维引料托辊的前端和所述后超细纤维引料托辊的顶部均设置有压辊，所述后超细纤维引料托辊与所述复合引料托辊之间以及复合引料托辊的后端均设置有多缝抽吸辊。
优选的，所述水刺装置包括依次连接的夹持给料机、预刺水刺机、高压水刺机和修面水刺机；所述夹持给料机包括上给料机和下给料机，所述上给料机的输送带面和下给料机的输送带面的前端层锐角的夹角、后端相互贴合；
所述预刺水刺机包括挤压机构、预刺水刺头和预刺真空吸箱，所述挤压机构和预刺水刺头交替布置，且每个预刺水刺头前均设有挤压机构，所述预刺水刺头垂直向下设置，所述预刺真空吸箱位于预刺水刺头的正下方，所述挤压机构包括上挤压托辊、下挤压托辊和驱动上挤压托辊上下移动的挤压气缸；所述高压水刺机包括高压水刺头、高压真空吸箱和高压水膜吸附箱，所述高压水刺头垂直向下设置，所述高压真空吸箱位于高压水刺头的正下方，所述高压水刺头和高压水膜吸附箱交替布置，所述高压水膜吸附箱上的真空除水辊与基材的上表面接触，以除去基材表面水膜；所述修面水刺机包括修面水刺头、修面真空吸箱和修面水膜吸附箱，所述修面水刺头垂直向下设置，所述修面真空吸箱位于修面水刺头的正下方，所述修面水刺头和修面水膜吸附箱交替布置，所述修面水膜吸附箱上的真空除水辊与基材的上表面接触，以除去基材表面水膜。
优选的，所述烘干装置包括依次连接的预轧干机、圆网烘干机和圆筒烘干机。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的全水性绒面超纤基材通过采用超细纤维制造而成，柔韧性好，手感柔软舒适，抗皱性与耐磨性较好，蓬松性好，光泽柔和，还具有较高的清洁能力吸水性与吸油性，且产品密度高，不会出现表层剥离、开裂的现象。
本发明的制造工艺通过将上超细纤维层、基布层和下超细纤维层进行叠加，再通过水刺工艺对其进行复合，使得超细纤维交错，能有效提高基材的强度，工艺步骤简单，成本低，且工艺环保，特别适合用于鞋面等对强度要求较高的应用场景。
本发明的制造生产线通过在前超细纤维引料托辊的前端和后超细纤维引料托辊的顶部设置压辊，可以脱除超细纤维之间的水分；通过在后超细纤维引料托辊与复合引料托辊之间以及复合引料托辊的后端设置多缝抽吸辊，可以对基材进一步脱水，可以提高基材的拉力和撕裂强度，获得高克重、高质量的全水性绒面超纤基材。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述基材的局部剖视图；
图2是本发明所述湿法斜网成型机、基布放卷机、基布皮带机和复合皮带机的结构示意图。
图3为本发明所述水刺装置的结构示意图。
附图标记为：上超细纤维层1、基布层2、下超细纤维层3、底布层4、湿法斜网成型机5、前超细纤维引料托辊51、后超细纤维引料托辊52、压辊53、基布放卷机6、基布皮带机7、基布引料托辊71、复合皮带机8、复合引料托辊81、多缝抽吸辊82、夹持给料机91、上给料机911、下给料机912、预刺水刺机92、挤压机构921、预刺水刺头922、预刺真空吸箱923、高压水刺机93、高压水刺头931、高压真空吸箱932、高压水膜吸附箱933、修面水刺机94、修面水刺头941、修面真空吸箱942、修面水膜吸附箱943。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员的理解，下面结合实施例及附图1-3对本发明作进一步的说明，实施方式提及的内容并非对本发明的限定。
实施例1
见图1，一种全水性绒面超纤基材，所述基材从上往下依次包括上超细纤维层1、基布层2和下超细纤维层3，所述上超细纤维层1和基布层2之间、下超细纤维层3和基布层2之间均通过水刺进行连接，所述基布层2为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种，所述上超细纤维层1和下超细纤维层3采用细度为0.1-0.5D的超细纤维。
所述超细纤维为涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、维纶、氨纶、聚烯烃弹性纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚四氟乙烯纤维或玻璃纤维。
所述基布层2由无纺布和编织布复合而成。
所述基材还包括底布层4，所述底布层4设置于所述下超细纤维层3的底部，所述底布层4与下超细纤维层3通过水刺连接，所述底布层4的材料为编织布。
本发明的全水性绒面超纤基材通过采用超细纤维制造而成，抗张强度高，耐磨性能好，具有纤维柔软和吸湿等优良特性，且产品密度高，不会出现表层剥离、开裂的现象，抗张强度及耐撕强度与现有的人造革强度基本相同。
一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)将制备好的上超细纤维浆料和下超细纤维浆料通过湿法斜网成型制成上超细纤维肧和下超细纤维肧；
(2)纺制无纺布原料和编织布原料，将无纺布原料和编织布原料通过水刺法进行连接复合得到基布；
(3)将上超细纤维肧、基布和下超细纤维肧依次叠加，并通过水刺法进行复合，得到三明治结构的基材；
(4)将三明治结构的基材和以编织布为原料的底布进行水刺复合，得到进一步加强的基材；
(5)水刺后的基材依次通过轧干、圆网烘干和圆筒烘干，得到全水性绒面超纤基材；
(6)将全水性绒面超纤基材通过超声波染色，再经磨毛，最后收卷，得到全水性绒面超纤皮革。
所述步骤(6)中，磨毛处理后的全水性绒面超纤基材先在皮革处理液中进行含浸处理，然后再经干热处理，最后收卷，得到全水性绒面超纤皮革。
所述皮革处理液包括如下重量份的原料：聚二甲基硅氧烷10份、尼泊金乙酯钠2份、纳米载银磷酸锆2份、铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌1份、三羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐3份、椰油酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱1份、苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚0.5份、聚环氧乙烷脂肪酸酯0.5份、失水山梨糖脂肪酸酯0.4份和水40份。
本发明的制造工艺通过将上超细纤维层1、基布层2和下超细纤维层3进行叠加，再通过水刺工艺对其进行复合，使得超细纤维交错，能有效提高基材的强度，工艺步骤简单，成本低，且工艺环保，特别适合用于鞋面等对强度要求较高的应用场景。
见图2-3，一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造生产线，包括湿法斜网成型机5、基布放卷机6、基布皮带机7、复合皮带机8、水刺装置和烘干装置，所述湿法斜网成型机5设有两台，所述基布放卷机6位于基布皮带机7的前端，两台湿法斜网成型机5和基布皮带机7的出料端汇合于复合皮带机8上，所述水刺装置和烘干装置依次布置于复合皮带机8的后端；
所述基布皮带机7的出料端设有基布引料托辊71，两台湿法斜网成型机5一前一后布置于复合皮带机8上方，前面一台湿法斜网成型机5的出料端设有前超细纤维引料托辊51，后面一台湿法斜网成型机5的出料端设有后超细纤维引料托辊52，所述基布引料托辊71输出的基布夹设于前超细纤维引料托辊51和后超细纤维引料托辊52输出的基布之间；所述复合皮带机8的上方设有复合引料托辊81，所述基布引料托辊71位于前超细纤维引料托辊51和后超细纤维引料托辊52的上方，所述复合引料托辊81位于前超细纤维引料托辊51和后超细纤维引料托辊52的下方；
所述前超细纤维引料托辊51的前端和所述后超细纤维引料托辊52的顶部均设置有压辊53，所述后超细纤维引料托辊52与所述复合引料托辊81之间以及复合引料托辊81的后端均设置有多缝抽吸辊82。
所述水刺装置包括依次连接的夹持给料机91、预刺水刺机92、高压水刺机93和修面水刺机94；所述夹持给料机91包括上给料机911和下给料机912，所述上给料机911的输送带面和下给料机912的输送带面的前端层锐角的夹角、后端相互贴合；
所述预刺水刺机92包括挤压机构921、预刺水刺头922和预刺真空吸箱923，所述挤压机构921和预刺水刺头922交替布置，且每个预刺水刺头922前均设有挤压机构921，所述预刺水刺头922垂直向下设置，所述预刺真空吸箱923位于预刺水刺头922的正下方，所述挤压机构921包括上挤压托辊、下挤压托辊和驱动上挤压托辊上下移动的挤压气缸；所述高压水刺机93包括高压水刺头931、高压真空吸箱932和高压水膜吸附箱933，所述高压水刺头931垂直向下设置，所述高压真空吸箱932位于高压水刺头931的正下方，所述高压水刺头931和高压水膜吸附箱933交替布置，所述高压水膜吸附箱933上的真空除水辊与基材的上表面接触，以除去基材表面水膜；所述修面水刺机94包括修面水刺头941、修面真空吸箱942和修面水膜吸附箱943，所述修面水刺头941垂直向下设置，所述修面真空吸箱942位于修面水刺头941的正下方，所述修面水刺头941和修面水膜吸附箱943交替布置，所述修面水膜吸附箱943上的真空除水辊与基材的上表面接触，以除去基材表面水膜。
所述烘干装置包括依次连接的预轧干机、圆网烘干机和圆筒烘干机。
采用上述制造生产线生产全水性绒面超纤基材，包括以下步骤：
步骤a、超细纤维浆料通过湿法斜网成型机5制成超细纤维料；
步骤b、预制的无纺布或编织布通过基布放卷机6放卷；
步骤c、1)、当生产二层防超细纤维料时，基布通过复合皮带机8输送至与其中一台湿法斜网成型机5产生的超细纤维料进行叠加；2)、当生产三层防超细纤维料时，基布通过基布皮带机7输送，并夹设于两台湿法斜网成型机5产生的超细纤维料之间，最终在复合皮带机8上叠加成三明治结构的基材；3)、当生产四层防超细纤维料时，两层的基布分别通过基布皮带机7和复合皮带机8输送，其中一层基布夹设于两台湿法斜网成型机5产生的超细纤维料之间，另一层基布布置于基材最低部，最终在复合皮带机8上叠加成四层结构的基材；
步骤d、基材依次通过夹持给料机91进入水刺装置，通过预刺水刺机92进行预先水刺定位，再通过高压水刺机93进行高压水刺复合，最后通过修面水刺机94进行修面，每次预先水刺定位时先通过加压机构921进行除水，每次高压水刺复合前先通过高压水膜吸附箱933除去水膜，每次修面前先通过修面水膜吸附箱943除去水膜，减小水刺阻力，提高水刺效果；
步骤e、水刺后的基材依次通过预轧干机轧干、圆网烘干机烘干以及圆筒烘干机烘干，最后经收卷机收卷，制得全水性绒面超纤基材。
本发明的制造生产线通过在前超细纤维引料托辊51的前端和后超细纤维引料托辊52的顶部设置压辊53，可以脱除超细纤维之间的水分；通过在后超细纤维引料托辊52与复合引料托辊81之间以及复合引料托辊81的后端设置多缝抽吸辊82，可以对基材进一步脱水，可以提高基材的拉力和撕裂强度，获得高克重、高质量的全水性绒面超纤基材。
本发明的制造生产线通过将高压水刺头931垂直向下设置，水刺复合效果好，可以提高全水性绒面超纤基材的强度，尤其是拉力和撕裂强度得到提高，还可以使获得的全水性绒面超纤基材手感细腻、表面平滑，没有粗糙和凹凸不平的感觉。
实施例2
本实施例与上述实施例1的不同之处在于：所述超细纤维为蜘蛛丝、蚕丝、绵羊毛、山羊毛、兔毛、骆驼毛或牦牛毛。
所述皮革处理液包括如下重量份的原料：聚二甲基硅氧烷15份、尼泊金乙酯钠4份、纳米载银磷酸锆3份、铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌2份、三羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐4份、椰油酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱1.5份、苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚1.0份、聚环氧乙烷脂肪酸酯1.0份、失水山梨糖脂肪酸酯0.6份和水50份。
实施例3
本实施例与上述实施例1的不同之处在于：所述超细纤维为棉纤维、木棉纤维、竹纤维、大麻纤维、黄麻纤维、亚麻纤维、苎麻纤维、剑麻纤维、蕉麻纤维或椰壳纤维。
所述皮革处理液包括如下重量份的原料：聚二甲基硅氧烷20份、尼泊金乙酯钠6份、纳米载银磷酸锆4份、铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌3份、三羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐5份、椰油酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱2份、苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚1.5份、聚环氧乙烷脂肪酸酯1.5份、失水山梨糖脂肪酸酯0.8份和水60份。
通过本发明的制造生产线及制造工艺制得的全水性绒面超纤皮革的每平方米克重可以达到500-600g，柔韧度可以达到3.2-3.8mm，柔韧性好，手感柔软舒适，抗皱性与耐磨性较好，蓬松性好，光泽柔和，还具有较高的清洁能力吸水性与吸油性。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的不同之处在于：所述皮革处理液不添加纳米载银磷酸锆和铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌，即只采用尼泊金乙酯钠作为抗菌剂。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例1的不同之处在于：所述皮革处理液不添加铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌，即只采用尼泊金乙酯钠和纳米载银磷酸锆作为抗菌剂。
对比例3
对比例3与实施例1的不同之处在于：所述皮革处理液不添加纳米载银磷酸锆，即只采用尼泊金乙酯钠和铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌作为抗菌剂。
将实施例1-3以及对比例1-3制备的全水性绒面超纤皮革的抑菌性测试依照GB/T20944.3-2008的标准进行检测，实验方法为震荡法。实验结果如下表所示：
从上表可以看出，本发明的全水性绒面超纤皮革通过采用皮革处理液进行含浸处理，由于皮革处理液中尼泊金乙酯钠、纳米载银磷酸锆和铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌三者的协同作用，处理后的皮革对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、克莱伯氏菌、白色念珠菌和绿脓杆菌等均有较好的抑制作用，抑菌率可以达到99％以上，具有高效、广谱、持续性等特点。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实现方案，除此之外，本发明还可以其它方式实现，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下任何显而易见的替换均在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种全水性绒面超纤基材，其特征在于：所述基材从上往下依次包括上超细纤维层、基布层和下超细纤维层，所述上超细纤维层和基布层之间、下超细纤维层和基布层之间均通过水刺进行连接，所述基布层为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种，所述上超细纤维层和下超细纤维层采用单丝细度为0.1-0.5D的超细纤维；
全水性绒面超纤基材的制造工艺，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
(1)将制备好的上超细纤维浆料和下超细纤维浆料通过湿法斜网成型制成上超细纤维肧和下超细纤维肧；
(2)纺制无纺布原料和编织布原料，将无纺布原料和编织布原料通过水刺法进行连接复合得到基布；
(3)将上超细纤维肧、基布和下超细纤维肧依次叠加，并通过水刺法进行复合，得到三明治结构的基材；
(4)将三明治结构的基材和以编织布为原料的底布进行水刺复合，得到进一步加强的基材；
(5)水刺后的基材依次通过轧干、圆网烘干和圆筒烘干，得到全水性绒面超纤基材；
(6)将全水性绒面超纤基材通过超声波染色，再经磨毛，最后收卷，得到全水性绒面超纤皮革；
所述步骤(6)中，磨毛处理后的全水性绒面超纤基材先在皮革处理液中进行含浸处理，然后再经干热处理，最后收卷，得到全水性绒面超纤皮革；所述皮革处理液包括如下重量份的原料：聚二甲基硅氧烷10-20份、尼泊金乙酯钠2-6份、纳米载银磷酸锆2-4份、铜镍掺杂纳米氧化锌1-3份、羟乙基甲基季胺甲基硫酸盐3-5份、椰油酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱1-2份、苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚0.5-1.5份、聚环氧乙烷脂肪酸酯0.5-1.5份、失水山梨糖脂肪酸酯0.4-0.8份和水40-60份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种全水性绒面超纤基材，其特征在于：所述超细纤维为涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、维纶、氨纶、聚烯烃弹性纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚四氟乙烯纤维和玻璃纤维的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种全水性绒面超纤基材，其特征在于：所述超细纤维为蜘蛛丝、蚕丝、绵羊毛、山羊毛、兔毛、骆驼毛和牦牛毛中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种全水性绒面超纤基材，其特征在于：所述超细纤维为棉纤维、木棉纤维、竹纤维、大麻纤维、黄麻纤维、亚麻纤维、苎麻纤维、剑麻纤维、蕉麻纤维和椰壳纤维中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种全水性绒面超纤基材，其特征在于：所述基布层由无纺布和编织布复合而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种全水性绒面超纤基材，其特征在于：所述基材还包括底布层，所述底布层设置于所述下超细纤维层的底部，所述底布层与下超细纤维层通过水刺连接，所述底布层的材料为编织布。
7.如权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造生产线，其特征在于：包括湿法斜网成型机、基布放卷机、基布皮带机、复合皮带机、水刺装置和烘干装置，所述湿法斜网成型机设有两台，所述基布放卷机位于基布皮带机的前端，两台湿法斜网成型机和基布皮带机的出料端汇合于复合皮带机上，所述水刺装置和烘干装置依次布置于复合皮带机的后端；
所述基布皮带机的出料端设有基布引料托辊，两台湿法斜网成型机一前一后布置于复合皮带机上方，前面一台湿法斜网成型机的出料端设有前超细纤维引料托辊，后面一台湿法斜网成型机的出料端设有后超细纤维引料托辊，所述基布引料托辊输出的基布夹设于前超细纤维引料托辊和后超细纤维引料托辊输出的基布之间；所述复合皮带机的上方设有复合引料托辊，所述基布引料托辊位于前超细纤维引料托辊和后超细纤维引料托辊的上方，所述复合引料托辊位于前超细纤维引料托辊和后超细纤维引料托辊的下方；
所述前超细纤维引料托辊的前端和所述后超细纤维引料托辊的顶部均设置有压辊，所述后超细纤维引料托辊与所述复合引料托辊之间以及复合引料托辊的后端均设置有多缝抽吸辊。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种全水性绒面超纤基材的制造生产线，其特征在于：所述水刺装置包括依次连接的夹持给料机、预刺水刺机、高压水刺机和修面水刺机；所述夹持给料机包括上给料机和下给料机，所述上给料机的输送带面和下给料机的输送带面的前端层锐角的夹角、后端相互贴合；
所述预刺水刺机包括挤压机构、预刺水刺头和预刺真空吸箱，所述挤压机构和预刺水刺头交替布置，且每个预刺水刺头前均设有挤压机构，所述预刺水刺头垂直向下设置，所述预刺真空吸箱位于预刺水刺头的正下方，所述挤压机构包括上挤压托辊、下挤压托辊和驱动上挤压托辊上下移动的挤压气缸；所述高压水刺机包括高压水刺头、高压真空吸箱和高压水膜吸附箱，所述高压水刺头垂直向下设置，所述高压真空吸箱位于高压水刺头的正下方，所述高压水刺头和高压水膜吸附箱交替布置，所述高压水膜吸附箱上的真空除水辊与基材的上表面接触，以除去基材表面水膜；所述修面水刺机包括修面水刺头、修面真空吸箱和修面水膜吸附箱，所述修面水刺头垂直向下设置，所述修面真空吸箱位于修面水刺头的正下方，所述修面水刺头和修面水膜吸附箱交替布置，所述修面水膜吸附箱上的真空除水辊与基材的上表面接触，以除去基材表面水膜。
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