CN113601924A - 高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及面料及其加工工艺领域，具体涉及一种高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材及其制备工艺，复合基材从上往下依次包括上牛皮纤维层、基布层和下牛皮纤维层，所述上牛皮纤维层和基布层之间、下牛皮纤维层和基布层之间通过水刺进行连接，所述基布层为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种。将无纺布和编织布等抗拉强度好的基布和牛皮纤维进行叠加，再通过水刺工艺对其进行复合，使得牛皮纤维和基布纤维交错，有效提高复合基材的强度，特别适合用于鞋面等对强度要求较高的应用场景；面料以功能性纤维原料纺制，具有良好的透气导湿性、弹性和抗菌性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料及其加工工艺领域，具体的涉及高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材及其制备工艺。
背景技术
人工制革产业化生产已有几十年历史，随着各种新材料的不断应用，其产品也在不断更新。革基布从机织物到今天的非织造布，所用树脂从聚氯乙烯、丙烯酸树脂到聚氨酯(PU)，纤维也从普通的化学纤维到藕状纤维和超细纤维等差别化纤维。在产品风格上，人工制革经历了从低档到高档，从仿形到仿真的发展过程，其特性甚至超越了天然皮革。仿牛皮纤维面料通常指超细纤维合成皮革，是在充分剖析天然皮革的基础上发展起来的。超细纤维合成革是由束状超细纤维与聚氨酯经过特殊工艺加工而成。它是采用与天然皮革中束状胶原纤维结构和性能相似的尼龙超细纤维，制成具有三维网络结构的非织造布，再填充性能优异具有开式微孔结构的聚氨酯经后加工处理而成。超细纤维合成革的优点是：撕裂强度、拉伸强度高，耐折性好，耐寒性佳，耐霉变性能较佳，成品厚实丰满，仿真性好等，表面易清洗，组织结构和天然皮革相似，传统的仿牛皮纤维面料在生产会遇到一些加工难题：传统的防牛皮面料其内部纤维细长，具有很好的防牛皮效果，但是本身的各向抗拉强度很低，通过提高厚度或者材料跟换对于强度提高有限，不符合产品的实际性能要求，且现有的仿牛皮面料在透气性、抗菌性等方面性能较差，有鉴于此，本案由此产生。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是通过高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材及其制备工艺解决至少上述问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案如下：高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：从上往下依次包括上牛皮纤维层、基布层和下牛皮纤维层，所述上牛皮纤维层和基布层之间、下牛皮纤维层和基布层之间通过水刺进行连接，所述基布层为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种。
优选的，所述基布层为无纺布，所述无纺布的原料为高强纤维，所述高强纤维的截面为皮芯结构，所述皮芯结构包括芯层组分和覆盖于芯层组分外部的皮芯组分，所述芯层组分的材质为涤纶，所述皮芯组分的材质为尼龙。由涤纶和尼龙复合而成的高强纤维，使得基布层兼具较好的抗拉强度和较轻的质量。
优选的，所述基布层为编织布，所述无纺布的原料为透气纤维，所述透气纤维的截面为圆形，内部设有中空通道，所述透气纤维的外壁设有沿着长方向延伸的透气沟槽。中空结构减轻基布重量，并使得面料具有良好的弹性，纤维表面的透气沟槽提高整体透气性和导湿性。
优选的，所述基布层由无纺布和编织布复合而成。
优选的，所述基布层为编织布，所述编织布的组织结构为二上二下方平组织。，方平组织的编织布使得面料平整、强度高。
优选的，所述基布层为编织布，所述编织布的组织结构为蜂巢组织，所述蜂巢组织的完全经纱数和完全纬纱数为12,蜂巢组织上交替间隔布置有菱形凸起和菱形凹坑。蜂巢组织的编织布基布在保证强度和透气性的同时，具有凹凸不平的独特外观。
优选的，所述上牛皮纤维层的原料为超细纤维，所述超细纤维的截面为三角形，所述超细纤维的直径为0.4-0.5um。三角形截面具有良好的抗污性，超细纤维透气性好强度高。
优选的，所述下牛皮纤维层的原料为抗菌纤维，所述抗菌纤维的截面为哑铃型，所述抗菌纤维的表面形成上下两个透气槽。抗菌纤维中添加1-5％的抗菌物质，比如甲壳素、含银离子陶瓷粉等，使得与人体接触的下牛皮纤维层具有良好的抗菌性能。
优选的，还包括一层底布层，所述底布层位于下牛皮纤维层下方，所述底布层与下牛皮纤维层通过水刺连接，所述底布层的材料为编织布。
根据上述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材的制备工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤a、将制备好的上牛皮纤维浆料和下牛皮纤维浆料通过造纸机制成上牛皮纤维纸和下牛皮纤维纸；
步骤b、纺制无纺布原料和编织布原料，将无纺布原料和编织布原料通过水刺法进行连接复合得到基布；
步骤c、将步骤a中制得的上牛皮纤维纸、基布和下牛皮纤维纸依次叠加，并通过水刺法进行复合，得到三明治结构的复合基材；
步骤d、将三明治结构的复合基材和以编织布为原料的底布进行水刺复合，得到进一步加强的复合基材；
步骤e、水刺后的复合基材依次通过轧干、圆筒烘干、除去六价铬和甲醛等有害物质和圆网烘干，最后收卷。
由上述描述可知，本发明提供的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材及其制备工艺具有如下有益效果：将无纺布和编织布等抗拉强度好的基布和牛皮纤维进行叠加，再通过水刺工艺对其进行复合，使得牛皮纤维和基布纤维交错，有效提高复合基材的强度，特别适合用于鞋面等对强度要求较高的应用场景；面料以功能性纤维原料纺制，具有良好的透气导湿性、弹性和抗菌性。
附图说明
图1为本发明高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材的结构示意图。
图2为无纺布的纤维结构图。
图3为编织布的纤维结构图。
图4为编织布的组织图。
图5为编织布的组织图。
图6为上牛皮纤维层的纤维结构图。
图7为下牛皮纤维层的纤维结构图。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
如图1所示，本发明高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，从上往下依次包括上牛皮纤维层100、基布层200和下牛皮纤维层300，上牛皮纤维层100和基布层200之间、下牛皮纤维层300和基布层200之间通过水刺进行连接，基布层200为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种。通过水刺工艺可以将各层的纤维进行交杂复合，使得各层牢固复合，复合基材兼具基本的强度和牛皮纤维的外观。
优选实施例中，如图2，基布层200可以为无纺布，无纺布的原料为高强纤维，高强纤维的截面为皮芯结构，皮芯结构包括芯层组分201和覆盖于芯层组分201外部的皮芯组分202，芯层组分201的材质为涤纶，皮芯组分202的材质为尼龙。由涤纶和尼龙复合而成的高强纤维，兼具两种材料的优良性能，使得基布层200兼具较好的抗拉强度和较轻的质量。
优选实施例中，如图3，基布层200可以为编织布，无纺布的原料为透气纤维，透气纤维的截面为圆形，内部设有中空通道203，透气纤维的外壁设有沿着长方向延伸的透气沟槽204。透气纤维的中空结构可以减轻基布重量，并使得面料具有良好的弹性，纤维表面的透气沟槽204提高整体透气性和导湿性。
优选实施例中，基布层200由无纺布和编织布并通过水刺复合而成，无纺布和编织布的纤维结构同上述实施例。
基布层200为编织布，编织布的组织结构为二上二下方平组织。组织结构选用方平组织，面料兼具较高强度的同时具有良好的平整性。如附图4所示为二上二下方平组织的组织图，用阿拉伯数字标注经纱，用字母标注纬纱，在经纱、纬纱的交织处，经纱浮在纬纱之上为经组织点，标注组织符号“■”；在经纱、纬纱的交织处，纬纱浮在经纱之上为纬组织点，标注组织符号“□”。
基布层200为编织布，编织布的组织结构为蜂巢组织，蜂巢组织的完全经纱数和完全纬纱数为12,蜂巢组织上交替间隔布置有菱形凸起和菱形凹坑。由于蜂巢组织具有表面凹凸结构，以蜂巢结构为组织结构的基布复合而成的面料，在保证强度和透气性的同时，具有凹凸不平的独特外观。如附图5所示为蜂巢组织的组织图，用阿拉伯数字标注经纱，用字母标注纬纱，在经纱、纬纱的交织处，经纱浮在纬纱之上为经组织点，标注组织符号“■”；在经纱、纬纱的交织处，纬纱浮在经纱之上为纬组织点，标注组织符号“□”，蜂巢组织中具有两条平行的左斜纹和一条右斜纹，右斜纹和左斜纹交叉，交叉产生的对角区域内设有菱形区域。
如图6，上牛皮纤维层100的原料为超细纤维101，超细纤维101的截面为三角形，超细纤维101的直径为0.4-0.5um。三角形截面使得纤维具有良好的抗污性和抗起球性，超细纤维101透气性好强度高。
如图7，下牛皮纤维层300的原料为抗菌纤维301，抗菌纤维301的截面为哑铃型，抗菌纤维301的表面形成上下两个透气槽。抗菌纤维301中添加1-5％的抗菌物质，比如甲壳素、含银离子陶瓷粉等，其他为涤纶或尼龙等材料，使得与人体接触的下牛皮纤维层300具有良好的抗菌性能。
作为优选实施例，高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材还包括一层底布层400，底布层400位于下牛皮纤维层300下方，底布层400与下牛皮纤维层300通过水刺连接，底布层400的材料为编织布，底布层400可以进一步提高面料的强度。
根据上述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材及其制备工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤a、将制备好的上牛皮纤维浆料和下牛皮纤维浆料通过造纸机制成上牛皮纤维纸和下牛皮纤维纸；
步骤b、纺制无纺布原料和编织布原料，将无纺布原料和编织布原料通过水刺法进行连接复合得到基布；
步骤c、将步骤a中制得的上牛皮纤维纸、基布和下牛皮纤维纸依次叠加，并通过水刺法进行复合，得到三明治结构的复合基材；
步骤d、将三明治结构的复合基材和以编织布为原料的底布进行水刺复合，得到进一步加强的复合基材；
步骤e、水刺后的复合基材依次通过轧干、圆筒烘干、除去六价铬和甲醛等有害物质和圆网烘干，最后收卷。
将无纺布和编织布等抗拉强度好的基布和牛皮纤维进行叠加，再通过水刺工艺对其进行复合，使得牛皮纤维和基布纤维交错，有效提高复合基材的强度，特别适合用于鞋面等对强度要求较高的应用场景；面料以功能性纤维原料纺制，具有良好的透气导湿性、弹性和抗菌性。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制，本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“设置”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定相连、设置，也可以是可拆卸连接、设置，或一体地连接、设置；本发明中提供的用电器的型号仅供参考。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据实际使用情况更换功能相同的不同型号用电器，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
上述仅为本发明的若干具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
Claims (10)
1.高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：从上往下依次包括上牛皮纤维层、基布层和下牛皮纤维层，所述上牛皮纤维层和基布层之间、下牛皮纤维层和基布层之间通过水刺进行连接，所述基布层为无纺布或编织布的一种或两种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：所述基布层为无纺布，所述无纺布的原料为高强纤维，所述高强纤维的截面为皮芯结构，所述皮芯结构包括芯层组分和覆盖于芯层组分外部的皮芯组分，所述芯层组分的材质为涤纶，所述皮芯组分的材质为尼龙。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：所述基布层为编织布，所述无纺布的原料为透气纤维，所述透气纤维的截面为圆形，内部设有中空通道，所述透气纤维的外壁设有沿着长方向延伸的透气沟槽。
4.根据权利要求4所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：所述基布层由无纺布和编织布复合而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：所述基布层为编织布，所述编织布的组织结构为二上二下方平组织。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：所述基布层为编织布，所述编织布的组织结构为蜂巢组织，所述蜂巢组织的完全经纱数和完全纬纱数为12,蜂巢组织上交替间隔布置有菱形凸起和菱形凹坑。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：所述上牛皮纤维层的原料为超细纤维，所述超细纤维的截面为三角形，所述超细纤维的直径为0.4-0.5um。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：所述下牛皮纤维层的原料为抗菌纤维，所述抗菌纤维的截面为哑铃型，所述抗菌纤维的表面形成上下两个透气槽。
9.根据权利要求1所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材，其特征在于：还包括一层底布层，所述底布层位于下牛皮纤维层下方，所述底布层与下牛皮纤维层通过水刺连接，所述底布层的材料为编织布。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的高强度牛皮纤维和基布复合基材的制备工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤a、将制备好的上牛皮纤维浆料和下牛皮纤维浆料通过造纸机制成上牛皮纤维纸和下牛皮纤维纸；
步骤b、纺制无纺布原料和编织布原料，将无纺布原料和编织布原料通过水刺法进行连接复合得到基布；
步骤c、将步骤a中制得的上牛皮纤维纸、基布和下牛皮纤维纸依次叠加，并通过水刺法进行复合，得到三明治结构的复合基材；
步骤d、将三明治结构的复合基材和以编织布为原料的底布进行水刺复合，得到进一步加强的复合基材；
步骤e、水刺后的复合基材依次通过轧干、圆筒烘干、除去六价铬和甲醛等有害物质和圆网烘干，最后收卷。
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| CN114889288A (zh) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-12 | 鹤山市柏拉图创新科技有限公司 | 一种全水性绒面超纤基材及其制造工艺和制造生产线 |
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