CN114886028A - Feed for improving sow production performance and sow feeding management method - Google Patents
Feed for improving sow production performance and sow feeding management method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114886028A CN114886028A CN202210510480.0A CN202210510480A CN114886028A CN 114886028 A CN114886028 A CN 114886028A CN 202210510480 A CN202210510480 A CN 202210510480A CN 114886028 A CN114886028 A CN 114886028A
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- day
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- feed
- feeding
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Classifications
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a feed for improving the production performance of sows and a feeding management method of sows; wherein the sow feed comprises a sow feed in the gestation period, a sow feed in the late gestation period and a lactating sow feed; the invention also provides a feeding management method of the sow, which comprises feeding mode management, feeding management, immunization management and environment management. The invention provides a modeled feeding management method, combines the feed of sows in the gestation period, adopts a scientific feeding method, and adopts a grading and grading feeding according to the fat condition and the body condition of the sows to achieve the nutrition requirement in different time periods, thereby effectively improving the nutrition supply of the sows in the gestation period, obviously improving the number born alive and reducing the embryo death rate, thereby improving the production performance of the sows, reducing the elimination rate of the sows and increasing the benefit of feeding the sows.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a feed for improving the production performance of sows and a feeding management method of sows.
Background
At present, in professional breeding enterprises providing excellent breeding pigs professionally, sow feeding is one of the most important links in breeding production. The nutrition condition of the sow seriously affects the reproductive performance of the sow and the production performance of piglets. In the past 20 years, the productivity of sows is greatly improved, the litter size of sows bred in modern large scale is increased, the lactation yield is increased, the average litter size is improved by 9 percent, and the number of weaned piglets is improved by 14 percent. Meanwhile, the production performance of the high-yield sow needs to be fully exerted, relatively strict feeding management conditions are needed, and corresponding nutritional requirements and feeding management standards need to be formulated at each stage of the breeding cycle of the sow, so that the requirement of various nutrient substances, particularly energy and protein (amino acid), can be met; in addition, in the breeding process of the sows, as the gestation period is a special period in the breeding process of the sows, the sows have special requirements for nutrition in the period, and the feed nutrition in the gestation period can influence the output number of piglets and the initial weight of the piglets.
Under the current breeding condition, although the research on the gestation period is more in the prior art, most of the sows only pay attention to the aspect of feed, and the sows in the gestation period can not be adjusted according to the body change process of the sows in the gestation period, and the environment of the sows in the gestation period is ignored, so that the effect is unsatisfactory.
Therefore, the feed for improving the productivity of the sow and the feeding management method of the sow are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feed for improving the production performance of sows and a feeding management method of the sows, and provides a modeled feeding management method, and the feed is combined with the sows in the gestation period to realize scientific feeding method, and the feed is fed in a grading and grading manner according to the fat condition and the body condition of the sows so as to meet the nutrition requirements in different time periods, thereby effectively improving the nutrition supply of the sows in the gestation period, obviously improving the number of born alive piglets, and reducing the death rate of embryo, so that the production performance of the sows is improved, the rejection rate of the sows is reduced, and the benefit of feeding the sows is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a feed for improving the productivity of sows, comprising:
feeding the sows with the feed in the gestation period 0-84 days after the mating;
feeding 2.0kg of the feed every day 0-7 days after the breeding, and feeding for 1 time every day;
carrying out graded feeding 8-21 days after mating according to the condition of fat and body condition,
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min per day, and the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day; the body condition score is more than 3 points, 2.7-2.8kg is fed every day, 2 times every day, 1/2 of total feed amount of each feeding day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.6-2.7kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.5-2.6kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.1-2.2kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
after 22-84 days of mating, carrying out graded feeding according to the condition of fat,
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.0-3.1kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day; the body condition score is more than 4, the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day, and the feed is fed for 2 times per day, wherein 1/2 is the total feed amount of the feed fed each time;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.7-2.8kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.6-2.7kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.5-2.6kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after breeding; 1/2 is fed for 2 times a day, and the total feed amount is 1/2; feeding according to the condition of fat and body condition;
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 15mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.5-3.6kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.4-3.5kg per day; scoring body condition for more than 4 points, and feeding 3.3-3.4kg per day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 15-20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 3.2-3.3kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 3.1-3.2kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 3.0-3.1kg every day;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.9-3.0kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.8-2.9kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.7-2.8kg every day;
pregnancy 113 days, delivery, feeding lactating sow feed, feeding 3.0-3.2kg daily, and feeding twice daily;
the feed for the sows in the gestation period comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of corn, 5-7 parts of corn protein powder, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 8-10 parts of whey powder, 3-5 parts of vegetable oil, 6-8 parts of fish meal and 6-8 parts of A concentrate;
the feed for the later pregnancy period of the sow comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-53 parts of corn, 5-10 parts of fermented bran, 6-8 parts of unite bran, 8-12 parts of soybean meal, 6-8 parts of whey powder, 5-8 parts of vegetable oil, 3-5 parts of fish meal and 6-8 parts of concentrated material B;
the lactating sow feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-55 parts of corn, 2-4 parts of fermented bran, 8-10 parts of expanded soybean, 10-18 parts of soybean meal, 3-6 parts of whey powder, 8-10 parts of vegetable oil, 4-6 parts of fish meal and 6-8 parts of C concentrate.
Optionally, the concentrate A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3 parts of calcium citrate, 1.7 parts of organic mineral concentrate for piglets, 2.1 parts of DL-methionine, 1.4 parts of L-threonine, 1.5 parts of xylanase, 1.6 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.6 part of yeast powder, 5.8 parts of salt, 2.4 parts of sweetening agent, 1.3 parts of flavoring agent, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 3.2 parts of glucose, 0.5 part of antibiotic additive, 0.6 part of vitamin complex, 0.2 part of mildew preventive, 0.4 part of eucommia bark, 0.3 part of lactobacillus and 62.4 parts of fermented bran.
Optionally, the concentrate B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.5 parts of calcium citrate, 1.9 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.2 parts of DL-methionine, 1.6 parts of L-threonine, 1.6 parts of xylanase, 1.8 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.9 part of yeast powder, 6.1 parts of salt, 2.5 parts of sweetening agent, 1.4 parts of flavoring agent, 0.25 part of antioxidant, 3.4 parts of glucose, 0.55 part of antibiotic additive, 0.55 part of vitamin complex, 0.22 part of mildew preventive, 0.5 part of eucommia bark, 0.5 part of astragalus, 0.33 part of lactic acid bacteria and 59.4 parts of fermented bran.
Optionally, the concentrate C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.6 parts of calcium citrate, 1.96 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.23 parts of DL-methionine, 1.65 parts of L-threonine, 1.64 parts of xylanase, 1.87 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 1.1 parts of yeast powder, 6.3 parts of salt, 2.8 parts of sweetening agent, 1.5 parts of flavoring agent, 0.27 part of antioxidant, 3.5 parts of glucose, 0.56 part of antibiotic additive, 0.57 part of compound vitamin, 0.27 part of mildew preventive, 0.53 part of eucommia bark, 0.54 part of astragalus, 0.35 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.56 part of growth promoter and 57.4 parts of fermented bran.
Further, the fermentation method of the fermented bran involved in the invention is the prior art, and includes but is not limited to the fermentation method of the fermented bran for pigs in the feeding method of the Laiwu sow under the condition of referring to CN106879545B large-scale feeding management.
A feeding management method of sows, which uses the feed to feed the sows, comprises the following steps:
managing a feeding mode: adopting a small group feeding mode, feeding 3-5 pregnant sows with similar mating period, weight and sexual condition in the same gestational column, feeding 2-3 pregnant sows with similar mating period, weight and sexual condition in the same gestational column after 85-112 days of mating, and transferring to a farrowing column when 113 days after mating;
feeding management: in the gestation period, the pregnant sows are fed with sow gestation period feed or sow gestation later feed or lactating sow feed in a gestation fence, and the feeding is carried out in a grading and staged manner according to different periods, fat conditions and body conditions so as to meet the nutritional requirements in different periods, and the daily feeding amount is as follows:
feeding the sows with the feed in the gestation period 0-84 days after the mating;
feeding 2.0kg of the feed every day 0-7 days after the breeding, and feeding for 1 time every day;
carrying out graded feeding 8-21 days after mating according to the condition of fat and body condition,
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min per day, and the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day; the body condition score is more than 3 points, 2.7-2.8kg is fed every day, 2 times every day, 1/2 of total feed amount of each feeding day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.6-2.7kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.5-2.6kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.1-2.2kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
after 22-84 days of mating, carrying out graded feeding according to the condition of fat,
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.0-3.1kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day; the body condition score is more than 4, the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day, and the feed is fed for 2 times per day, wherein 1/2 is the total feed amount of the feed fed each time;
(2) the back fat thickness of P2 is 13-18mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 2.7-2.8kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the feed is fed for 2.6-2.7kg per day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.5-2.6kg per day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after breeding; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2; feeding according to the condition of fat and body condition;
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 15mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.5-3.6kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.4-3.5kg per day; the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.3-3.4kg every day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 15-20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 3.2-3.3kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 3.1-3.2kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 3.0-3.1kg every day;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.9-3.0kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.8-2.9kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.7-2.8kg every day;
pregnancy 113 days, delivery, feeding lactating sow feed, feeding 3.0-3.2kg daily, and feeding twice daily;
and (3) immune management: pregnant sows do not need any vaccine, turning and expelling parasite before 60 days after breeding, the in vivo expelling parasite is completed in 92-113 days after breeding, compound ivermectin albendazole powder is taken orally for the pregnant sows, 200 jin of daily ration is mixed with every 100 g of compound ivermectin albendazole powder, the mixture is continuously used for 7 days, the mixture is stopped for 7 days and then used for 7 days, the in vitro expelling parasite is completed in 106 days after breeding, doramectin is injected subcutaneously for the pregnant sows, the body surface is cleaned and disinfected in 113 days after breeding, warm water is used in cold days, then turning to a farrowing cage, and meanwhile, the pregnant sows are converted into lactating sow feeds;
and (3) environment management: checking whether a manger, a water pipe, a pen, the ground and a dung leaking plate in the pregnancy fence are damaged every 15 days, whether a water drinking device has water or not and whether equipment can normally operate or not, regularly cleaning dung in the pregnancy fence every 3 days, regularly replacing bedding in the pen, adjusting the temperature of the pregnancy fence to be 18-21 ℃, adjusting the humidity of the pregnancy fence through a ventilation fan arranged on the wall of the pregnancy fence, adjusting the humidity threshold value of the pregnancy fence to be 45-65%, performing ventilation every 2 days, sterilizing the pregnancy fence every 10 days, and cleaning the pregnancy fence before sterilization.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the feed with the three groups of formulas is adopted to carry out graded and staged feeding according to the fat condition and the body condition of the sow at different periods, so that the nutrition supply of the sow at different periods can be ensured, the nutrition supply of the sow in the gestation period can be effectively improved, the number born alive can be obviously improved, the embryonic mortality can be reduced, the production performance of the sow can be improved, the elimination rate of the sow can be reduced, and the benefit of feeding the sow can be increased;
(2) the feed for the sows in the gestation period, the feed for the sows in the later gestation period and the feed for the lactating sows can be adjusted according to the body changes of the sows, and the feed is high in energy, protein, amino acid and other substances, so that on one hand, the rapid fetal development in the gestation sow stage can be promoted, the physique of the pregnant sows is improved, and the reproductive performance of the pregnant sows is improved; on the other hand, the pregnant sow can appetize and promote the intestinal tract to absorb nutrient substances, the immunity of the pregnant sow is improved, and the purpose of miscarriage prevention is realized;
(3) the feeding management method organically combines feeding mode management, feeding management, immune management and environmental management according to the physiological characteristics of the pregnant sows, is simple and convenient to operate, has an obvious effect, and is more suitable for the requirement of large-scale breeding.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A feed for improving the productivity of sows, comprising:
feeding the sows with the feed in the gestation period 0-84 days after the mating;
feeding 2.0kg of the feed every day 0-7 days after the breeding, and feeding for 1 time every day;
carrying out graded feeding 8-21 days after mating according to the condition of fat and body condition,
the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 2.5 min, 3.0kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, and 2.9kg is fed every day; the body condition score is more than 3 points, 2.8kg is fed every day, 2 times is fed every day, and 1/2 which is the total feed amount of the feed is fed every time;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, 2.7kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, 2.6kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and 2.5kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 points, 2.4kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 points, 2.3kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 3 points, and 2.2kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
after 22-84 days of mating, carrying out graded feeding according to the condition of fat,
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.1kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.0kg every day; the body condition score is more than 4, the feed is fed for 2.9kg every day and 2 times every day, and 1/2 is the total feed amount of the feed for each time;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, 2.8kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 2.7kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 2.6kg is fed every day; 1/2 is fed for 2 times a day, and the total feed amount is 1/2;
the back fat thickness of P2 is more than 18mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, 2.5kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 2.4kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 2.3kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after breeding; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2; feeding according to the condition of fat and body condition;
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 15mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.6kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.5kg every day; the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 3.4kg is fed every day;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 15-20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, 3.3kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 3.2kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 3.1kg is fed every day;
the back fat thickness of P2 is more than 20mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, 3.0kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 2.9kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 2.8kg is fed every day;
113 days of gestation, parturition, feeding lactating sow feed, feeding 3.2kg daily, and feeding twice daily;
the feed for the sows in the gestation period comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn, 7 parts of corn protein powder, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of whey powder, 5 parts of vegetable oil, 8 parts of fish meal and 8 parts of A concentrate;
specifically, the concentrated material A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3 parts of calcium citrate, 1.7 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.1 parts of DL-methionine, 1.4 parts of L-threonine, 1.5 parts of xylanase, 1.6 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.6 part of yeast powder, 5.8 parts of salt, 2.4 parts of sweetening agent, 1.3 parts of flavoring agent, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 3.2 parts of glucose, 0.5 part of antibiotic additive, 0.6 part of vitamin complex, 0.2 part of mildew preventive, 0.4 part of eucommia bark, 0.3 part of lactic acid bacteria and 62.4 parts of fermented bran;
the feed for the later pregnancy period of the sow comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 53 parts of corn, 10 parts of fermented bran, 8 parts of unite bran, 12 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of whey powder, 8 parts of vegetable oil, 5 parts of fish meal and 8 parts of B concentrated material;
specifically, the concentrated material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.5 parts of calcium citrate, 1.9 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.2 parts of DL-methionine, 1.6 parts of L-threonine, 1.6 parts of xylanase, 1.8 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.9 part of yeast powder, 6.1 parts of salt, 2.5 parts of sweetening agent, 1.4 parts of flavoring agent, 0.25 part of antioxidant, 3.4 parts of glucose, 0.55 part of antibiotic additive, 0.55 part of compound vitamin, 0.22 part of mildew preventive, 0.5 part of eucommia bark, 0.5 part of astragalus, 0.33 part of lactic acid bacteria and 59.4 parts of fermented bran;
the lactating sow feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of corn, 4 parts of fermented bran, 10 parts of expanded soybean, 18 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of whey powder, 10 parts of vegetable oil, 6 parts of fish meal and 8 parts of C concentrate;
specifically, the concentrated material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.6 parts of calcium citrate, 1.96 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.23 parts of DL-methionine, 1.65 parts of L-threonine, 1.64 parts of xylanase, 1.87 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 1.1 parts of yeast powder, 6.3 parts of salt, 2.8 parts of sweetening agent, 1.5 parts of flavoring agent, 0.27 part of antioxidant, 3.5 parts of glucose, 0.56 part of antibiotic additive, 0.57 part of compound vitamin, 0.27 part of mildew preventive, 0.53 part of eucommia bark, 0.54 part of astragalus, 0.35 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.56 part of growth promoter and 57.4 parts of fermented bran.
Further, the organic mineral essence for piglets related by the invention is a commercial finished product, namely the piglet mineral essence of Guangzhou Tianke biology Limited company.
Furthermore, the compound vitamin related by the invention is a commercial finished product and is suitable for the multi-vitamin of the sows.
Further, the antibiotic additive is colistin sulfate premix which is a finished product sold in the market and produced by Jiangxi Hongtu animal medicine industry Co.
Furthermore, the growth promoter related by the invention is a commercial finished product, Jiangsu Chenshengkang pharmaceutical Co.
Further, the lactic acid bacteria related to the present invention are commercially available products, Zhengzhou jin tongue and groove Biotechnology Ltd.
Furthermore, other components related to the invention are all commercial finished products.
Further, the preparation method of the feed for the pregnant sows, the late pregnancy feed for the sows or the feed for the lactating sows, which is disclosed by the invention, comprises the following steps of: coarsely crushing raw materials in a sow gestation period feed or a sow gestation later period feed or a lactating sow feed, mixing, granulating and crushing; wherein, the corn is crushed by adopting a 3mm sieve sheet, and other raw materials are crushed by adopting a 2mm sieve sheet; fully stirring and uniformly mixing the materials by a mixer, and then adding the materials into a disk granulator for granulation to obtain a feed finished product with the particle size of 2-3 mm.
A feeding management method of sows, which uses the feed to feed the sows, comprises the following steps:
managing a feeding mode: adopting a small group feeding mode, feeding 3-5 pregnant sows with similar mating period, weight and sexual condition in the same gestational column, feeding 2-3 pregnant sows with similar mating period, weight and sexual condition in the same gestational column after 85-112 days of mating, and transferring to a farrowing column when 113 days after mating;
feeding management: in the gestation period, the pregnant sows are fed with sow gestation period feed or sow gestation later feed or lactating sow feed in a gestation fence, and the feeding is carried out in a grading and staged manner according to different periods, fat conditions and body conditions so as to meet the nutrition requirements in different periods;
and (3) immune management: pregnant sows do not need any vaccine, turning and expelling parasite before 60 days after breeding, the in vivo expelling parasite is completed in 92-113 days after breeding, compound ivermectin albendazole powder is taken orally for the pregnant sows, 200 jin of daily ration is mixed with every 100 g of compound ivermectin albendazole powder, the mixture is continuously used for 7 days, the mixture is stopped for 7 days and then used for 7 days, the in vitro expelling parasite is completed in 106 days after breeding, doramectin is injected subcutaneously for the pregnant sows, the body surface is cleaned and disinfected in 113 days after breeding, warm water is used in cold days, then turning to a farrowing cage, and meanwhile, the pregnant sows are converted into lactating sow feeds;
and (3) environment management: checking whether a manger, a water pipe, a pen, the ground and a dung leaking plate in the pregnancy fence are damaged every 15 days, whether a water drinking device has water or not and whether equipment can normally operate or not, regularly cleaning dung in the pregnancy fence every 3 days, regularly replacing bedding in the pen, adjusting the temperature of the pregnancy fence to be 18-21 ℃, adjusting the humidity of the pregnancy fence through a ventilation fan arranged on the wall of the pregnancy fence, adjusting the humidity threshold value of the pregnancy fence to be 45-65%, performing ventilation every 2 days, sterilizing the pregnancy fence every 10 days, and cleaning the pregnancy fence before sterilization.
Furthermore, the pregnant sow adopts a free water drinking method.
Example 2
The preparation method of the feed for sows in the gestation period or the feed for sows in the late gestation period or the feed for lactating sows in the embodiment is the same as the feeding management method for sows, and the difference is that:
a feed for improving the productivity of sows, comprising:
feeding the sows with the feed in the gestation period 0-84 days after the mating;
feeding 2.0kg of the feed every day 0-7 days after the breeding, and feeding for 1 time every day;
carrying out graded feeding 8-21 days after mating according to the condition of fat and body condition,
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.9kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.8kg every day; the body condition score is more than 3 points, 2.7kg is fed every day, 2 times is fed every day, and 1/2 which is the total feed amount of the feed is fed every time;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, 2.6kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, 2.5kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and 2.4kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 points, 2.3kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 points, 2.2kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 3 points, and 2.1kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
after 22-84 days of mating, carrying out graded feeding according to the condition of fat,
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.0kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.9kg every day; the body condition score is more than 4, 2.8kg is fed every day, 2 times are fed every day, and 1/2 which is the total feed amount of the feed is fed every time;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, 2.7kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 2.6kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 2.5kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
the back fat thickness of P2 is more than 18mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, 2.4kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 2.3kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 2.2kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after breeding; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2; feeding according to the condition of fat and body condition;
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 15mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.5kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.4kg every day; scoring body condition for more than 4 points, and feeding 3.3kg per day;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 15-20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, 3.2kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 3.1kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 3.0kg is fed every day;
the back fat thickness of P2 is more than 20mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 2.9kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the feed is fed for 2.8kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.7kg every day;
113 days of gestation, parturition, feeding lactating sow feed, feeding 3.0kg every day, and feeding twice every day;
the feed for the sows in the gestation period comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 5 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of whey powder, 3 parts of vegetable oil, 6 parts of fish meal and 6 parts of A concentrate;
specifically, the concentrated material A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3 parts of calcium citrate, 1.7 parts of organic mineral concentrate for piglets, 2.1 parts of DL-methionine, 1.4 parts of L-threonine, 1.5 parts of xylanase, 1.6 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.6 part of yeast powder, 5.8 parts of salt, 2.4 parts of sweetening agent, 1.3 parts of flavoring agent, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 3.2 parts of glucose, 0.5 part of antibiotic additive, 0.6 part of vitamin complex, 0.2 part of mildew preventive, 0.4 part of eucommia bark, 0.3 part of lactobacillus and 62.4 parts of fermented bran;
the feed for the later pregnancy period of the sow comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn, 5 parts of fermented bran, 6 parts of unite bran, 8 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of whey powder, 5 parts of vegetable oil, 3 parts of fish meal and 6 parts of B concentrated material;
specifically, the concentrated material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.5 parts of calcium citrate, 1.9 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.2 parts of DL-methionine, 1.6 parts of L-threonine, 1.6 parts of xylanase, 1.8 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.9 part of yeast powder, 6.1 parts of salt, 2.5 parts of sweetening agent, 1.4 parts of flavoring agent, 0.25 part of antioxidant, 3.4 parts of glucose, 0.55 part of antibiotic additive, 0.55 part of compound vitamin, 0.22 part of mildew preventive, 0.5 part of eucommia bark, 0.5 part of astragalus, 0.33 part of lactic acid bacteria and 59.4 parts of fermented bran;
the lactating sow feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn, 2 parts of fermented bran, 8 parts of expanded soybean, 10 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of whey powder, 8 parts of vegetable oil, 4 parts of fish meal and 6 parts of C concentrate;
specifically, the concentrated material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.6 parts of calcium citrate, 1.96 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.23 parts of DL-methionine, 1.65 parts of L-threonine, 1.64 parts of xylanase, 1.87 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 1.1 parts of yeast powder, 6.3 parts of salt, 2.8 parts of sweetening agent, 1.5 parts of flavoring agent, 0.27 part of antioxidant, 3.5 parts of glucose, 0.56 part of antibiotic additive, 0.57 part of compound vitamin, 0.27 part of mildew preventive, 0.53 part of eucommia bark, 0.54 part of astragalus, 0.35 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.56 part of growth promoter and 57.4 parts of fermented bran.
Example 3
The preparation method of the feed for sows in the gestation period or the feed for sows in the late gestation period or the feed for lactating sows in the embodiment is the same as the feeding management method for sows, and the difference is that:
a feed for improving the productivity of sows, comprising:
feeding the sows with the feed in the gestation period 0-84 days after the mating;
feeding 2.0kg of the feed every day 0-7 days after the breeding, and feeding for 1 time every day;
carrying out graded feeding 8-21 days after mating according to the condition of fat and body condition,
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.95kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.85kg every day; the body condition score is more than 3 points, 2.75kg is fed every day, 2 times is fed every day, 1/2 which is the total feed amount of the feed for each time;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, 2.65kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, 2.55kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and 2.45kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 points, 2.35kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 points, 2.25kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 3 points, and 2.15kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
after 22-84 days of mating, carrying out graded feeding according to the condition of fat,
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.05kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.95kg every day; the body condition score is more than 4, the feed is fed for 2.85kg every day and 2 times every day, and 1/2 is the total feed amount of the feed for each time;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the feed is fed for 2.75kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the feed is fed for 2.65kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.55kg every day; 1/2 is fed for 2 times a day, and the total feed amount is 1/2;
the back fat thickness of P2 is more than 18mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, 2.45kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 2.35kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 2.25kg is fed every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after breeding; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2; feeding according to the condition of fat and body condition;
the thickness of P2 backfat is less than 15mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.55kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.45kg every day; the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 3.35kg is fed every day;
the thickness of P2 backfat is 15-20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, 3.25kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 3.15kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 3.05kg is fed every day;
the back fat thickness of P2 is more than 20mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, 2.95kg is fed every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, 2.85kg is fed every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and 2.75kg is fed every day;
113 days of gestation, parturition, feeding lactating sow feed, feeding 3.1kg every day, and feeding twice every day;
the feed for the sows in the gestation period comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48 parts of corn, 6 parts of corn protein powder, 8 parts of soybean meal, 9 parts of whey powder, 4 parts of vegetable oil, 7 parts of fish meal and 7 parts of A concentrate;
specifically, the concentrated material A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3 parts of calcium citrate, 1.7 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.1 parts of DL-methionine, 1.4 parts of L-threonine, 1.5 parts of xylanase, 1.6 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.6 part of yeast powder, 5.8 parts of salt, 2.4 parts of sweetening agent, 1.3 parts of flavoring agent, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 3.2 parts of glucose, 0.5 part of antibiotic additive, 0.6 part of vitamin complex, 0.2 part of mildew preventive, 0.4 part of eucommia bark, 0.3 part of lactic acid bacteria and 62.4 parts of fermented bran;
the feed for the sows at the later stage of gestation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 51 parts of corn, 8 parts of fermented bran, 7 parts of unite bran, 10 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of whey powder, 6 parts of vegetable oil, 4 parts of fish meal and 7 parts of B concentrated material;
specifically, the concentrated material B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.5 parts of calcium citrate, 1.9 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.2 parts of DL-methionine, 1.6 parts of L-threonine, 1.6 parts of xylanase, 1.8 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.9 part of yeast powder, 6.1 parts of salt, 2.5 parts of sweetening agent, 1.4 parts of flavoring agent, 0.25 part of antioxidant, 3.4 parts of glucose, 0.55 part of antibiotic additive, 0.55 part of compound vitamin, 0.22 part of mildew preventive, 0.5 part of eucommia bark, 0.5 part of astragalus, 0.33 part of lactic acid bacteria and 59.4 parts of fermented bran;
the lactating sow feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 53 parts of corn, 3 parts of fermented bran, 9 parts of expanded soybean, 12 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of whey powder, 9 parts of vegetable oil, 5 parts of fish meal and 7 parts of C concentrate.
Specifically, the concentrated material C is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.6 parts of calcium citrate, 1.96 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.23 parts of DL-methionine, 1.65 parts of L-threonine, 1.64 parts of xylanase, 1.87 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 1.1 parts of yeast powder, 6.3 parts of salt, 2.8 parts of sweetening agent, 1.5 parts of flavoring agent, 0.27 part of antioxidant, 3.5 parts of glucose, 0.56 part of antibiotic additive, 0.57 part of compound vitamin, 0.27 part of mildew preventive, 0.53 part of eucommia bark, 0.54 part of astragalus, 0.35 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.56 part of growth promoter and 57.4 parts of fermented bran.
The following verification is made by adopting the feed for the sows in the gestation period prepared in the embodiment:
1. test materials
Experiment time: in 2021, month 4-4, month 28, for 115 days.
The experimental site: implementation of Chongqing Pengshi pig farm
Experimental animals: 80 multiparous sows with 13-18mm backfat P2 are bred uniformly, and randomly divided into 4 groups according to the number of births of the variety, and each group has 20 heads. P2 backfat and body condition scores are measured 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days, 35 days, 42 days, 49 days, 56 days, 63 days, 70 days, 77 days, 84 days, 91 days, 98 days, 105 days and 112 days after mating, and feeding amount is adjusted.
And (3) testing daily ration: the test is provided with 4 treatments of a control group and experiments 1, 2 and 3. In 0-84 days of gestation, the feed of a control group is a commercially available feed, the Dingsheng feed of Tianjin, and the experiment group is the feed for the sows in the gestation period in each embodiment of the invention; the control group and the test in 85-112 days both use the feed in the later period of pregnancy; feeding the sows into a delivery room in 113 days, and feeding the lactating sows with the control group and the test group; wherein in the feeding management, the control group and the experimental group are fed with 2.0kg of feed per day and 1 time of feed per day 0-7 days after hybridization; 8-84 days after mating: wet feeding, limiting feeding, drinking water in a water tank, and feeding the control group according to the recommended amount of the feed; feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after mating; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2; the control group and the experimental group are fed in a grading mode according to the condition of fat and the body condition; and during 113 days of pregnancy, parturition, the control group and the experimental group are fed with feed for lactating sows, 3.0-3.2kg of feed is fed every day, and the feed is fed twice every day.
Detection indexes are as follows: constipation condition of sow, birth process of sow, backfat detection of sow, birth weight of piglet, vitality of piglet, litter size and weak farrowing rate; wherein, stool scoring: the excrement is rated as 5, 1 is dry excrement balls, 2 is mild constipation, 3 is normal, 4 is loose and has poor forming degree, and 5 is diluted; constipation is rated below 3; the birth process of the sow is as follows: calculating the first piglet and the last piglet output time; monitoring backfat: backfat growth value from mating to 113 days of gestation; piglet vitality: the time from the birth of each piglet to the start of milk intake; weak loop rate: the weight of the piglets is less than 700 g.
Results and analysis
According to the above table, the sow feed is fed in a grading and staged manner, and when the sow feed is fed in 0-84 days after hybridization, compared with a control group, the average number of live piglets in a nest is increased by 1-1.2 per nest, the number of weak piglets is decreased by 4-5, the birth weight of piglets is increased by 0.17-0.22kg per head, the constipation in gestation is decreased by 31.18-32.87%, the vitality of the newborn piglets is strong, the piglets can eat milk after birth within 9-10min, the average time duration of the birth process of the sow is shortened by 0.6-0.9h, the number of live piglets is obviously increased, the embryonic death rate is reduced, the production performance of the sow is improved, the elimination rate of the sow is reduced, and the benefit of feeding the sow is increased.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A feed for improving the productivity of sows is characterized by comprising the following components:
feeding the sows with the feed in the gestation period 0-84 days after the mating;
feeding 2.0kg of the feed every day 0-7 days after the breeding, and feeding for 1 time every day;
carrying out graded feeding 8-21 days after mating according to the condition of fat and body condition,
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min per day, and the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day; the body condition score is more than 3 points, 2.7-2.8kg is fed every day, 2 times every day, 1/2 of total feed amount of each feeding day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.6-2.7kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.5-2.6kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.1-2.2kg every day; 1/2 is fed for 2 times a day, and the total feed amount is 1/2;
after 22-84 days of mating, carrying out graded feeding according to the condition of fat,
(1) the back fat thickness of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 3 min, the feed is fed for 3.0-3.1kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 min, and the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day; the body condition score is more than 4, the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day, and the feed is fed for 2 times per day, wherein 1/2 is the total feed amount of the feed fed each time;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.7-2.8kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.6-2.7kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.5-2.6kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after breeding; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2; feeding according to the condition of fat and body condition;
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 15mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.5-3.6kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.4-3.5kg per day; the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.3-3.4kg every day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 15-20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 3.2-3.3kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 3.1-3.2kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 3.0-3.1kg every day;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.9-3.0kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.8-2.9kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.7-2.8kg every day;
pregnancy 113 days, delivery, feeding lactating sow feed, feeding 3.0-3.2kg daily, and feeding twice daily;
the feed for the sows in the gestation period comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of corn, 5-7 parts of corn protein powder, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 8-10 parts of whey powder, 3-5 parts of vegetable oil, 6-8 parts of fish meal and 6-8 parts of A concentrate;
the feed for the later pregnancy period of the sow comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-53 parts of corn, 5-10 parts of fermented bran, 6-8 parts of unite bran, 8-12 parts of soybean meal, 6-8 parts of whey powder, 5-8 parts of vegetable oil, 3-5 parts of fish meal and 6-8 parts of concentrated material B;
the lactating sow feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-55 parts of corn, 2-4 parts of fermented bran, 8-10 parts of expanded soybean, 10-18 parts of soybean meal, 3-6 parts of whey powder, 8-10 parts of vegetable oil, 4-6 parts of fish meal and 6-8 parts of C concentrate.
2. The feed for improving the productivity of sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentrate A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3 parts of calcium citrate, 1.7 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.1 parts of DL-methionine, 1.4 parts of L-threonine, 1.5 parts of xylanase, 1.6 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.6 part of yeast powder, 5.8 parts of salt, 2.4 parts of sweetening agent, 1.3 parts of flavoring agent, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 3.2 parts of glucose, 0.5 part of antibiotic additive, 0.6 part of vitamin complex, 0.2 part of mildew preventive, 0.4 part of eucommia bark, 0.3 part of lactic acid bacteria and 62.4 parts of fermented bran.
3. The feed for improving the productivity of sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentrate B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.5 parts of calcium citrate, 1.9 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.2 parts of DL-methionine, 1.6 parts of L-threonine, 1.6 parts of xylanase, 1.8 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 0.9 part of yeast powder, 6.1 parts of salt, 2.5 parts of sweetening agent, 1.4 parts of flavoring agent, 0.25 part of antioxidant, 3.4 parts of glucose, 0.55 part of antibiotic additive, 0.55 part of vitamin complex, 0.22 part of mildew preventive, 0.5 part of eucommia bark, 0.5 part of astragalus, 0.33 part of lactic acid bacteria and 59.4 parts of fermented bran.
4. The feed for improving the productivity of sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein said C concentrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.6 parts of calcium citrate, 1.96 parts of organic mineral essence of piglets, 2.23 parts of DL-methionine, 1.65 parts of L-threonine, 1.64 parts of xylanase, 1.87 parts of alpha-galactosidase, 1.1 parts of yeast powder, 6.3 parts of salt, 2.8 parts of sweetening agent, 1.5 parts of flavoring agent, 0.27 part of antioxidant, 3.5 parts of glucose, 0.56 part of antibiotic additive, 0.57 part of compound vitamin, 0.27 part of mildew preventive, 0.53 part of eucommia bark, 0.54 part of astragalus, 0.35 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.56 part of growth promoter and 57.4 parts of fermented bran.
5. A method for feeding management of sows, characterized in that the feed of sows is fed using the feed of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
managing a feeding mode: adopting a small group feeding mode, feeding 3-5 pregnant sows with similar mating period, weight and sexual condition in the same gestational column, feeding 2-3 pregnant sows with similar mating period, weight and sexual condition in the same gestational column after 85-112 days of mating, and transferring to a farrowing column when 113 days after mating;
feeding management: in the gestation period, the pregnant sows are fed with sow gestation period feed or sow gestation later feed or lactating sow feed in a gestation fence, and the feeding is carried out in a grading and staged manner according to different periods, fat conditions and body conditions so as to meet the nutritional requirements in different periods, and the daily feeding amount is as follows:
feeding the sows with the feed in the gestation period 0-84 days after the mating;
feeding 2.0kg of the feed every day 0-7 days after the breeding, and feeding for 1 time every day;
carrying out graded feeding 8-21 days after mating according to the condition of fat and body condition,
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min per day, and the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day; the body condition score is more than 3 points, 2.7-2.8kg is fed every day, 2 times every day, 1/2 of total feed amount of each feeding day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.6-2.7kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.5-2.6kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 2.5 min, the feed is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is 2.5-3 min, the feed is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day, the body condition score is more than 3 min, and the feed is fed for 2.1-2.2kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
after 22-84 days of mating, carrying out graded feeding according to the condition of fat,
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 13mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.0-3.1kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 2.9-3.0kg per day; the body condition score is more than 4, the feed is fed for 2.8-2.9kg per day, and the feed is fed for 2 times per day, wherein 1/2 is the total feed amount of the feed fed each time;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 13-18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.7-2.8kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.6-2.7kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.5-2.6kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 18mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.4-2.5kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.3-2.4kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.2-2.3kg every day; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2;
feeding feed at late gestation period 85-112 days after breeding; 1/2 feeding for 2 times a day, wherein the total feed amount of each feeding is 1/2; feeding according to the condition of fat and body condition;
(1) the thickness of the back fat of P2 is less than 15mm, the body condition score is less than 3 points, the feed is fed for 3.5-3.6kg per day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.4-3.5kg per day; the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the feed is fed for 3.3-3.4kg every day;
(2) the thickness of P2 backfat is 15-20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 3.2-3.3kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 3.1-3.2kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 3.0-3.1kg every day;
(3) the thickness of P2 backfat exceeds 20mm, the body condition score is lower than 3 points, the backfat is fed for 2.9-3.0kg every day, the body condition score is 3-4 points, the backfat is fed for 2.8-2.9kg every day, the body condition score is more than 4 points, and the backfat is fed for 2.7-2.8kg every day;
pregnancy 113 days, delivery, feeding lactating sow feed, feeding 3.0-3.2kg daily, and feeding twice daily;
and (3) immune management: pregnant sows do not need any vaccine, turning and expelling parasite before 60 days after breeding, the in vivo expelling parasite is completed in 92-113 days after breeding, compound ivermectin albendazole powder is taken orally for the pregnant sows, 200 jin of daily ration is mixed with every 100 g of compound ivermectin albendazole powder, the mixture is continuously used for 7 days, the mixture is stopped for 7 days and then used for 7 days, the in vitro expelling parasite is completed in 106 days after breeding, doramectin is injected subcutaneously for the pregnant sows, the body surface is cleaned and disinfected in 113 days after breeding, warm water is used in cold days, then turning to a farrowing cage, and meanwhile, the pregnant sows are converted into lactating sow feeds;
and (3) environment management: checking whether a manger, a water pipe, a pen, the ground and a dung leaking plate in the pregnancy fence are damaged every 15 days, whether a water drinking device has water or not and whether equipment can normally operate or not, regularly cleaning dung in the pregnancy fence every 3 days, regularly replacing bedding in the pen, adjusting the temperature of the pregnancy fence to be 18-21 ℃, adjusting the humidity of the pregnancy fence through a ventilation fan arranged on the wall of the pregnancy fence, adjusting the humidity threshold value of the pregnancy fence to be 45-65%, performing ventilation every 2 days, sterilizing the pregnancy fence every 10 days, and cleaning the pregnancy fence before sterilization.
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