CN114878715B - 一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法 - Google Patents
一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法,包括如下步骤:检测出烟气中有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量,然后代入下式进行计算:
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法。
背景技术
卷烟抽吸带来的酸味感受是由于烟气中尤其是烟气总粒相物中的酸味成分或可与酸味成分协同增味的成分被人舌面捕捉所产生的生理效应。卷烟抽吸带来的酸味感受的高低是衡量卷烟品质优劣的关键指标之一。
烟气带来的酸感,一方面是由于燃烧卷烟产生的气溶胶的裹挟作用进入烟气中,如乙酸、三醋酸甘油酯等;另一方面是卷烟燃吸时可裂解产生的酸味物质,如甲基戊酸、乙酰基吡咯等,这些物质可直接转移至主流烟气中,进而增加卷烟烟气酸味。
但卷烟烟气中的哪些成分对卷烟烟气酸味感起作用、以及起什么样的作用目前还没有报道。基于此,本发明首次检测烟气中的关键酸味物质的种类及含量,提出了一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法,以促进卷烟技术的发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法。本发明的方法筛选了对烟气酸味贡献较大的化合物,结合在总粒相物中的相对含量,首次构造出这些化合物的酸味系数和它们的综合值,计算速度快,结果直观,无需主观感官干预;评价方法客观准确,易于推广。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案予以实现。
除非另有说明,本发明所采用的百分数均为含量百分数。
一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法,包括如下步骤:检测出烟气中有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量,然后代入下式进行计算:根据S值的大小评价卷烟烟气酸味感特征;其中,RCj代表第j个有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量,aj代表第j个有酸味感的关键成分的酸味系数。
优选地,烟气中有酸味感的关键成分为以下十三种成分:乙酸、甲苯、1,2-丙二醇、2-吡咯烷酮、三醋酸甘油酯、麦斯明、茄酮、3-甲基戊酸、丁酸、异戊酸、乙酰基吡咯、6-甲基-3-吡啶醇和2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮(DDMP)。
优选地,烟气中有酸味感的十三种关键成分对应的酸味系数aj分别为9.153、12.357、-0.385、17.251、1.656、38.269、-28.255、-23.952、420.914、-310.105、-53.166、-57.245、4.710。
优选地,S值为2.5≤S≤4.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感合适;S值为S<2.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感欠佳;S值为S>4.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感过强。
优选地,烟气中有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量的检测方法包括如下步骤:采用标准方法检测烟气中总粒相物含量CT;检测烟气中有酸味感的每一种关键成分含量CCj,则第j个有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量RCj由下式计算:RCj=CCj/CT。
优选地,所述标准方法为GBT 19609-2004《卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油》规定的方法;烟气中有酸味感的每一种关键成分含量CCj的检测方法为中心切割二维气相色谱-质谱法。
中心切割二维气相色谱-质谱法的具体步骤为:
1、前处理
将卷烟样品在温度(22±2)℃、相对湿度(60±2)%下平衡48h。用剑桥滤片捕集20支卷烟的粒相物;滤片置于锥形瓶中,加入20mL甲基叔丁基醚溶剂,200μL脂肪酸甲酯混标溶液(戊酸甲酯、庚酸甲酯、壬酸甲酯、十三酸甲酯、十五酸甲酯),振荡30min后取上层清液进行分析。另外,收集抽吸完之后的20个卷烟滤嘴,置于锥形瓶中,加入40mL甲基叔丁基醚溶剂,200μL脂肪酸甲酯混标溶液,振荡30min,上层清液经0.45μm滤膜过滤后,取样进行分析。
2、仪器分析条件
一维柱:DB-5MS色谱柱,恒流1.9mL/min;
二维柱:DB-WAX色谱柱,恒流1.9mL/min;
进样口温度:250℃;
进样量:3μL;
进样模式:不分流进样;
不分流时间:1min;
吹扫流量:50mL/min;
中心切割时间:切割1(5.1~10.0min),切割2(10.0~16.6min),切割3(16.6~23.5min),切割4(23.5~30.5min)。
一维升温程序:4段切割初温皆为45℃(保持2min),并以6℃/min的速率升温,切割1升至93℃,切割2升至132.6℃,切割3升至174℃,切割4升至216℃,然后快速降温至60℃(切割1、切割2)或80℃(切割3、切割4)。
二维升温程序:切割1以4℃/min的速率升至180℃,后以10℃/min的速率升至230℃(20min);切割2、切割3皆以4℃/min的速率升至230℃(20min);切割4以4℃/min的速率升至230℃(30min)。
GC/MS接口温度:240℃;
电子能量:70eV;
EI源温度:230℃;
四极杆温度:150℃;
质量扫描范围:33~400amu;
采用提取离子法积分峰面积。内标法相对定量,得到滤嘴和滤片中烟气粒相成分的半定量结果。
3、含量计算
将相同化合物进行加和处理(如二甲苯、巨豆三烯酮等)。将中心切割每一段各种物质的峰面积除以该段内标物质的峰面积。
本发明有益效果:
本发明卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法,通过对烟气中关键化学成分相对定量,可以准确评价卷烟烟气的酸味感特征,减少了人为评价的干扰,计算速度快,结果直观,预测结果客观准确。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过购买获得的常规产品。
本发明以卷烟的酸感评价进行说明,包括如下步骤:采用GBT 19609-2004《卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油》方法,对卷烟粒相物进行分析;采用中心切割二维气相色谱-质谱法对烟气中的关键成分进行定量分析;采用酸味评价公式,计算烟气的酸味值。
其具体步骤为:
(1)总粒相物含量分析:采用GBT 19609-2004《卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油》分析方法,对卷烟总粒相物含量分析。
(2)采用中心切割二维气相色谱-质谱法对烟气中的关键成分进行定量分析。
(3)烟气酸味值计算:根据关键成分中每个单体成分的相对含量;计算烟气的酸味值,使用下述公式:
(4)根据S值的大小评价卷烟烟气酸味感特征,S值为2.5≤S≤4.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感合适;S值为S<2.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感欠佳;S值为S>4.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感过强。
步骤(2)的关键成分为:烟气中有酸味感的关键成分为以下十三种成分:乙酸、甲苯、1,2-丙二醇、2-吡咯烷酮、三醋酸甘油酯、麦斯明、茄酮、3-甲基戊酸、丁酸、异戊酸、乙酰基吡咯、6-甲基-3-吡啶醇和2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮(DDMP)。
步骤(3)关键成分中每个单体成分的相对含量,采用如下公式进行计算:RCj=CCj/CT;其中,CT为烟气中总粒相物含量;CCj为烟气中有酸味感的每一种关键成分含量。
公式中,RCj代表第j个有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量,aj代表第j个有酸味感的关键成分的酸味系数,对应十三种成分:乙酸、甲苯、1,2-丙二醇、2-吡咯烷酮、三醋酸甘油酯、麦斯明、茄酮、3-甲基戊酸、丁酸、异戊酸、乙酰基吡咯、6-甲基-3-吡啶醇和2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮(DDMP)的系数分别为:9.153、12.357、-0.385、17.251、1.656、38.269、-28.255、-23.952、420.914、-310.105、-53.166、-57.245、4.710。
实施例1
本实施例采用某市售卷烟A,评价其卷烟烟气酸味感特征,包括以下步骤:
(1)总粒相物含量分析:采用GBT 19609-2004《卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油》分析方法,对卷烟总粒相物含量进行分析,总粒相物含量CT为13.58mg。
(2)采用中心切割二维气相色谱-质谱法对烟气中的关键成分进行定量分析。十三种成分:乙酸、甲苯、1,2-丙二醇、2-吡咯烷酮、三醋酸甘油酯、麦斯明、茄酮、3-甲基戊酸、丁酸、异戊酸、乙酰基吡咯、6-甲基-3-吡啶醇和2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮(DDMP)的含量和相对含量(用公式RCj=CCj/CT进行计算),结果如表1所示。
(3)烟气酸味值计算:使用下述公式:进行计算,得到S值为3.088。
(4)由于S值为3.088,在2.5≤S≤4.5之间,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感合适。
经人为感官评吸评价验证,卷烟A的酸味值为3.0,酸感合适。因此本发明的评价方法与实际感官评价较为一致。
表1
实施例2
卷烟B的总粒相物含量CT为14.39mg,烟气关键成分见表2,S值为2.445;S<2.5;人为评价卷烟酸感打分为2.35,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感欠佳。可在卷烟香料配方中添加含有乙酸、3-甲基戊酸等成分的增酸香精,提升卷烟酸感。
表2
实施例3
卷烟B的总粒相物含量CT为9.25mg,烟气关键成分见表3,S值为5.524;S>4.5;人为评价卷烟酸感打分为5.5,卷烟烟气酸味感特征过强。可在卷烟香料配方中减少增酸香精的应用,或者增加甜味香精平衡酸感,减少卷烟酸感。
表3
以上优选实施例仅用于说明发明的技术方案,而非限制尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述,但本领域技术人员应当理解可以在形式上和细节上对其做出各种改变,而不偏离本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种卷烟烟气酸味感特征的评价方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:检测出烟气中有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量,然后代入下式进行计算:根据S值的大小评价卷烟烟气酸味感特征;其中,RCj代表第j个有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量,aj代表第j个有酸味感的关键成分的酸味系数;
烟气中有酸味感的关键成分为以下十三种成分:乙酸、甲苯、1,2-丙二醇、2-吡咯烷酮、三醋酸甘油酯、麦斯明、茄酮、3-甲基戊酸、丁酸、异戊酸、乙酰基吡咯、6-甲基-3-吡啶醇和2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮(DDMP);
烟气中有酸味感的十三种关键成分对应的酸味系数aj分别为9.153、12.357、-0.385、17.251、1.656、38.269、-28.255、-23.952、420.914、-310.105、-53.166、-57.245、4.710;
烟气中有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量的检测方法包括如下步骤:采用标准方法检测烟气中总粒相物含量CT;检测烟气中有酸味感的每一种关键成分含量CCj,则第j个有酸味感的关键成分的相对含量RCj由下式计算:RCj=CCj/CT;
所述标准方法为GBT 19609-2004《卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油》规定的方法;烟气中有酸味感的每一种关键成分含量CCj的检测方法为中心切割二维气相色谱-质谱法。
2.根据权利要求1所述的评价方法,其特征在于,S值为2.5≤S≤4.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感合适;S值为S<2.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感欠佳;S值为S>4.5时,卷烟烟气酸味感特征为酸感过强。
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