CN114874721B - Photovoltaic adhesive film, solar cell module and preparation method of photovoltaic adhesive film - Google Patents
Photovoltaic adhesive film, solar cell module and preparation method of photovoltaic adhesive film Download PDFInfo
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- CN114874721B CN114874721B CN202210698939.4A CN202210698939A CN114874721B CN 114874721 B CN114874721 B CN 114874721B CN 202210698939 A CN202210698939 A CN 202210698939A CN 114874721 B CN114874721 B CN 114874721B
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- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper indium Chemical compound [Cu].[In] HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 108
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000695 excitation spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C09J123/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C09J123/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J129/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Adhesives based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J129/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/10—Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/055—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2203/322—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for the production of solar panels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/20—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself
- C09J2301/208—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself the adhesive layer being constituted by at least two or more adjacent or superposed adhesive layers, e.g. multilayer adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A photovoltaic adhesive film, a solar cell module and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of solar cells, and overcome the defects that the shortwave absorption range applicable to light conversion materials in the prior art is narrow and the improvement of the light quantum efficiency of the whole shortwave area of the solar cell module is lower. The photovoltaic adhesive film comprises more than two light conversion layers, wherein each light conversion layer comprises matrix resin and light conversion materials dispersed in the matrix resin, and the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers are different. The invention improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic adhesive film, a solar cell module and a preparation method of the photovoltaic adhesive film.
Background
With the development of industry, the depletion of petroleum, coal, natural gas and other resources is gradually progressed, solar energy is receiving a great deal of attention as a clean renewable energy source, and solar photovoltaic is receiving a great deal of attention as a green renewable energy source for converting sunlight into electric energy, such as crystalline silicon solar cells, compound semiconductor solar cells, nanocrystalline photochemical solar cells and the like. So far, the crystalline silicon solar cell has the advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, no toxicity, long service life and the like, which occupy about 90% of the photovoltaic market due to mature technology.
The forbidden bandwidth of the crystalline silicon is 1.1eV, and more than 40% of sunlight radiation photons can be absorbed and utilized. However, the surface charge of the crystalline silicon solar cell module is seriously compounded in a short-wave area, the problems of light reflection of front glass, absorption of packaging materials and the like cause lower light quantum efficiency of the device in the area, meanwhile, the temperature of the module is too high in a thermal relaxation process, the service life of the module is shortened, and the factors seriously limit the further improvement of the efficiency of the solar cell module.
The short wave photons are converted into long wave photons with high crystalline silicon response in a crossing mode through the light conversion material, and the method is a feasible method for improving the conversion efficiency. But the short-wave response range of the existing light conversion material is narrower, and the light conversion efficiency is improved lower.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of narrow shortwave absorption range, low improvement of the light quantum efficiency in the whole shortwave area of the solar cell module, which are applicable to the light conversion material in the prior art, and thereby provide a photovoltaic adhesive film, a solar cell module and a preparation method thereof. By laminating a plurality of light conversion materials, the short-wave response range can be continuously expanded, and the light conversion efficiency is improved.
For this purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic film, including two or more light conversion layers, each of the light conversion layers including a matrix resin and a light conversion material dispersed in the matrix resin, the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers being different.
Further, the different light conversion layers are sequentially overlapped according to the order from short to long or from long to short of the absorption wave band of the light conversion material.
Further, at least one of the following conditions (1) to (3) is satisfied:
(1) In each light conversion layer, the addition amount of the light conversion material is 0.1-10% of the mass of the matrix resin;
(2) The light conversion material is leadless perovskite quantum dots;
preferably, the leadless perovskite quantum dots are Cs 3 Cu 2 Cl x Br y I 5-x-y 、CsCu 2 I 3 、Cs 4 SnCl m Br n I 6-m-n 、CsSnBr 3 、CsMnCl 3 Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, x+y is more than or equal to 5, m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, n is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, and m+n is more than or equal to 6;
(3) The matrix resin is transparent resin; preferably at least one of polyvinyl alcohol Ding Quanzhi (PVB), polyolefin elastomer (POE) or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
In one possible design, the photovoltaic film includes two light conversion layers, and the light conversion material in the first light conversion layer is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light conversion material in the second conversion layer is Cs 4 SnBr 6 。
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the photovoltaic adhesive film, which comprises the steps of dispersing different light conversion materials in molten matrix resin respectively to form uniform adhesive solution, and then extruding, casting, laminating, traction and cooling to prepare the light conversion layer.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the photovoltaic adhesive film in a solar cell module.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a solar cell module, which comprises an upper glass layer, an upper packaging adhesive film layer, a solar cell layer, a lower packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate layer from top to bottom; the upper packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film or the light Fu Jiaomo prepared according to the preparation method;
in the upper packaging adhesive film layer, a light conversion layer dispersed with a light conversion material with a shorter absorption wave band is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
Further, at least one of the following conditions a-B is satisfied:
A. the solar cell layer material is any one of a cadmium telluride cell, a copper indium gallium selenide cell, a crystalline silicon cell, a perovskite-crystalline silicon laminated cell and a perovskite-copper indium gallium selenide laminated cell, and is preferably a crystalline silicon cell;
B. the back plate layer is a glass layer, and the lower packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film or light Fu Jiaomo prepared according to the preparation method;
in the lower packaging adhesive film layer, a light conversion layer dispersed with a light conversion material with a shorter absorption wave band is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising the steps of:
and sequentially laminating the upper glass layer, the upper packaging adhesive film layer, the solar cell layer, the lower packaging adhesive film layer and the back plate layer, and then carrying out vacuum lamination to obtain the solar cell module.
Further, the vacuum lamination includes: continuously vacuumizing for 5-20 min at 80-200 ℃, and then laminating for 10-20 min under 30-70 KPa pressure.
Further, the edge of the solar cell module is provided with a butyl rubber layer.
Further, the lower packaging adhesive film layer is a transparent packaging adhesive film layer.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the photovoltaic adhesive film provided by the invention comprises more than two light conversion layers, wherein each light conversion layer comprises matrix resin and light conversion materials dispersed in the matrix resin, and the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers are different. The invention combines multiple light conversion layers, utilizes superposition of different light conversion materials to different short wave absorption ranges, enlarges the short wave absorption range and improves the absorption and conversion efficiency of short wave photons. The light conversion materials are packaged by adopting matrix resin, so that the stability of the light conversion materials can be improved, and meanwhile, different light conversion materials are packaged in different light conversion layers, so that the influence of ion exchange between different light conversion materials on the stability of the materials and the performance of components can be effectively avoided.
2. In the photovoltaic adhesive film provided by the invention, the light conversion material is the perovskite quantum dot, and the perovskite quantum dot has larger Stokes shift (the luminous wavelength and the absorption range are not overlapped), so that the self-absorption process can be avoided. The perovskite quantum dot adopted by the invention is an inorganic material, has higher light stability, is not easy to decompose, has longer service life compared with an organic light conversion material, and has lower cost compared with a rare earth doped organic material. The perovskite quantum dots adopted by the invention have larger Stokes displacement, can avoid the problem of reduced conversion rate caused by the fact that absorption cut-off wavelength is too close to emission wavelength and emitted photons are reabsorbed by the perovskite quantum dots per se, and convert short-wave photons with lower absorption and utilization rate into long-wave photons with high utilization rate in a crossing manner for absorption by a solar cell, thereby improving the conversion efficiency and the component performance.
3. In the photovoltaic adhesive film provided by the invention, the light conversion material is lead-free perovskite quantum dots, so that the photovoltaic adhesive film is environment-friendly and has higher stability.
4. The photovoltaic film provided by the invention comprises two light conversion layers, wherein the light conversion material in the first light conversion layer is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light conversion material in the second conversion layer is Cs 4 SnBr 6 。
By Cs 4 SnBr 6 Based on short-band light conversion material with relatively large absorption range, light conversion material Cs with higher light quantum efficiency is superimposed 3 Cu 2 I 5 The advantages of materials with wide absorption range, low quantum efficiency, high quantum efficiency and narrow absorption range are integrated, and synchronous promotion of absorption wave band and light quantum efficiency is realized.
5. The solar cell module provided by the invention comprises an upper glass layer, an upper packaging adhesive film layer, a solar cell layer, a lower packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate layer from top to bottom; the upper packaging adhesive film layer is light Fu Jiaomo; the light conversion layer, which is dispersed with light conversion materials with shorter absorption wave bands, in the upper packaging adhesive film layer is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer. Through set up the photovoltaic glued membrane between last glass layer and solar cell layer, can improve the shortwave response of solar cell layer to through the combination of multiple light conversion material, realize the widening of shortwave absorption scope and the improvement of light quantum efficiency simultaneously, solve solar cell shortwave response poor, shortwave absorption scope is narrow, whole shortwave regional light quantum efficiency promotes lower problem. Meanwhile, through the light conversion effect of the light conversion material, the thermal relaxation and the assembly temperature of the light conversion layer can be greatly reduced, and the service life of the solar cell is prolonged.
The light conversion layer containing the light conversion material with shorter absorption wave band is arranged on the upper layer, so that energy loss caused by that short-wave photons cannot be effectively utilized by the surface layer material can be avoided.
6. The preparation method of the solar cell module provided by the invention has no influence on the existing packaging process, saves cost, is easy to operate and is environment-friendly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper package layer in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the solar cell module structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is the absorption and emission spectra before and after lamination of different light converting materials in example 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the solar cell comprises a first light conversion layer, a 2-second light conversion layer, a 3-light conversion material, a 4-upper glass layer, a 5-upper packaging adhesive film layer, a 6-solar cell layer, a 7-lower packaging adhesive film layer and an 8-back plate layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any product which is the same or similar to the present invention, whether in light of the present teachings or in combination with other prior art features, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions are not noted in the examples and may be followed by the operations or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional reagent products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
Example 1
The solar cell module of this embodiment includes, as shown in fig. 2, from top to bottom, an upper glass layer 4, an upper packaging adhesive film layer 5, a solar cell layer 6, a lower packaging adhesive film layer 7, and a back sheet layer 8; the upper packaging adhesive film layer 5 in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes a first light conversion layer 1 and a second light conversion layer 2, an upper glass layer 4 is made of ultra-white glass, a solar cell layer 6 is made of crystalline silicon cells, a lower packaging adhesive film layer 7 is made of transparent POE packaging adhesive film, and a back plate layer 8 is made of aluminum alloy.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a solar cell module, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a first light conversion layer 1:
the light conversion material 3 of the first light conversion layer 1 is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The matrix resin was POE (manufacturer's three-well chemistry, model DF 8200). Cs is processed by 3 Cu 2 I 5 10g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed.
The mixed raw materials are added into a double-screw melt extruder, the temperature is raised to 260 ℃, the extrusion and the tape casting are carried out under the pressure of 45MPa, the tape casting speed is 2m/min, and the first light conversion layer 1 with the thickness of 500um is obtained.
(2) Preparing a second light conversion layer 2:
the light conversion material 3 of the second light conversion layer 2 is Cs 4 SnBr 6 The matrix resin is POE. Cs is processed by 4 SnBr 6 10g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed.
The mixed raw materials are added into a double-screw melt extruder, the temperature is raised to 260 ℃, the extrusion and the tape casting are carried out under the pressure of 45MPa, the tape casting speed is 2m/min, and the second light conversion layer 2 with the thickness of 500um is obtained.
(3) Super white glass, a first light conversion layer 1, a second light conversion layer 2, a crystalline silicon cell (156X 156 polycrystalline silicon solar cell provided by sea peak photovoltaic in Taizhou, city), a transparent POE packaging adhesive film and an aluminum alloy backboard are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, and a butyl adhesive layer is arranged at the edge of the glass, wherein the thickness of the butyl adhesive layer is 500um, and the width of the butyl adhesive layer is 5mm.
(4) And placing the laminated materials in a laminating machine, heating to 145 ℃ and continuously vacuumizing for 10min, and then laminating for 15min under the pressure of 60KPa to obtain the laminated solar cell module.
Fig. 3 is the absorption and emission spectra before and after lamination of the different light converting materials in example 1. PLE is the excitation spectrum and PL is the emission spectrum. Cs (cells) 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light absorption wave band is about 300nm, and is a light conversion material with shorter light absorption wave band, cs 4 SnBr 6 Can still respond in a longer wave band of 300-400nm, is a light conversion material with a longer light absorption wave band, and therefore, the light conversion material 3 is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 Is arranged above the first light conversion layer 1 of (a) and the light conversion material 3 is Cs 4 SnBr 6 Is below the second light conversion layer 2 of (a). As can be seen from fig. 3: (1) The absorption and emission of the light conversion material are almost not overlapped, namely, the emitted light can not be re-absorbed by the light conversion material, so that the self-absorption process is avoided; (2) By superposing the light conversion layers, the whole absorption and luminescence range is larger, and the light conversion range is wider and the light conversion efficiency is higher.
Example 2
The present example was substantially the same as the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of example 1 except that the matrix resins POE of the first light conversion layer 1 and the second light conversion layer 2 were replaced with EVA (manufacturer's korean LG, model EP 33045), and the melt extrusion pressure at the time of manufacturing the first light conversion layer 1 and the second light conversion layer 2 was 40MPa.
Example 3
The present example was substantially identical to the solar cell module of example 1, except that the matrix resins POE of the first and second light conversion layers 1 and 2 were replaced with PVB (a. Xin. Fu. Photovoltaic level), and the melt extrusion temperature at the time of the preparation of the first and second light conversion layers 1 and 2 was 220℃and the extrusion pressure was 35MPa.
Example 4
The present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that the light conversion material Cs in the first light conversion layer 1 is 3 Cu 2 I 5 Replacement by Cs 3 Cu 2 Br 2.5 I 2.5 。
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 only in that Cs in (1) is to be used 3 Cu 2 I 5 Replacement by Cs 3 Cu 2 Br 5 。
Example 6
The present example and example 1The difference is only Cs in the first light conversion layer 1 3 Cu 2 I 5 0.5g of perovskite quantum dot and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed. Cs of the second light conversion layer 2 4 SnBr 6 0.5g of perovskite quantum dot and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed.
Example 7
The present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in Cs in the first light conversion layer 1 3 Cu 2 I 5 50g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed. Cs of the second light conversion layer 2 4 SnBr 6 50g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that in the solar cell module, the upper encapsulant film layer 5 was melt extruded and cast into a film using only POE master batch, without adding perovskite quantum dots.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example is different from example 1 in that in the solar cell module, only the second light conversion layer 2 was used, and the first light conversion layer 1 was not used.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the upper and lower positions of the first light conversion layer 1 and the second light conversion layer 2 in the solar cell module are interchanged.
The test results in examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 performance of example and comparative example battery assemblies
| PCE％ | Short-circuit current/mA/cm 2 | |
| Example 1 | 24.9 | 43.1 |
| Example 2 | 24.8 | 43.0 |
| Example 3 | 24.3 | 42.3 |
| Example 4 | 23.6 | 41.2 |
| Example 5 | 23.8 | 41.9 |
| Example 6 | 23.1 | 41.1 |
| Example 7 | 22.9 | 40.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 21.9 | 39.0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 22.2 | 39.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 20.9 | 38.1 |
The PCE is the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
As can be seen from table 1, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the embodiments of the present invention is significantly improved compared to a solar cell module in which no light conversion material is provided, only one light conversion layer is provided, or a light conversion layer containing a light conversion material with a shorter absorption band is disposed on a side close to the solar cell layer.
In comparative example 3, the light conversion layer containing the light conversion material with a shorter absorption band is disposed on the lower layer, which may promote the non-radiative thermal relaxation process, and short-wave photons cannot be effectively utilized by the surface layer material to generate energy loss, resulting in a reduction in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The photovoltaic adhesive film is characterized by comprising more than two light conversion layers, wherein each light conversion layer comprises matrix resin and light conversion materials dispersed in the matrix resin, and the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers are different;
the light conversion material is leadless perovskite quantum dots, and the leadless perovskite quantum dots are Cs 3 Cu 2 Cl x Br y I 5-x-y 、CsCu 2 I 3 、Cs 4 SnCl m Br n I 6-m-n 、CsSnBr 3 、CsMnCl 3 Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, x+y is more than or equal to 5, m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, n is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, and m+n is more than or equal to 6;
the different light conversion layers are sequentially overlapped according to the order from short to long or from long to short of the absorption wave band of the light conversion material.
2. The photovoltaic film according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the following conditions (1) - (2) is satisfied:
(1) In each light conversion layer, the addition amount of the light conversion material is 0.1-10% of the mass of the matrix resin;
(2) The matrix resin is transparent resin.
3. The photovoltaic film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the matrix resin is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol Ding Quanzhi, polyolefin elastomer or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
4. The photovoltaic film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the photovoltaic film comprises two light conversion layers, wherein the light conversion material in the first light conversion layer is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light conversion material in the second light conversion layer is Cs 4 SnBr 6 。
5. A method for preparing a photovoltaic film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising dispersing different light conversion materials in a molten matrix resin to form a uniform glue solution, and extruding, casting, laminating, drawing and cooling to form a light conversion layer.
6. Use of the photovoltaic film of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the photovoltaic film produced according to the production method of claim 5 in a solar module.
7. The solar cell module is characterized by comprising an upper glass layer, an upper packaging adhesive film layer, a solar cell layer, a lower packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate layer from top to bottom; the upper packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film of any one of claims 1-4 or the light Fu Jiaomo prepared by the preparation method of claim 5;
in the upper packaging adhesive film layer, a light conversion layer dispersed with a light conversion material with a shorter absorption wave band is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
8. The solar cell module of claim 7, wherein at least one of the following conditions a-B is satisfied:
A. the solar cell layer material is any one of a cadmium telluride cell, a copper indium gallium selenide cell, a crystalline silicon cell, a perovskite-crystalline silicon laminated cell and a perovskite-copper indium gallium selenide laminated cell;
B. the back plate layer is a glass layer, and the lower packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film of any one of claims 1-4 or light Fu Jiaomo prepared by the preparation method of claim 5;
in the lower packaging adhesive film layer, a light conversion layer dispersed with a light conversion material with a shorter absorption wave band is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
9. A method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 7 or 8, comprising the steps of:
and sequentially laminating the upper glass layer, the upper packaging adhesive film layer, the solar cell layer, the lower packaging adhesive film layer and the back plate layer, and then carrying out vacuum lamination to obtain the solar cell module.
10. The method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein the vacuum lamination comprises: continuously vacuumizing for 5-20 min at 80-200 ℃, and then laminating for 10-20 min under 30-70 KPa pressure.
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| CN104617170A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 湖南师范大学 | Solar spectrum conversion resin and preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN104927686A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-23 | 杭州福斯特光伏材料股份有限公司 | Solar cell packaging adhesive film with high light conversion efficiency |
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