CN114868612A - Saline-alkali soil rice straw returning method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil rice straw returning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868612A CN114868612A CN202210690495.XA CN202210690495A CN114868612A CN 114868612 A CN114868612 A CN 114868612A CN 202210690495 A CN202210690495 A CN 202210690495A CN 114868612 A CN114868612 A CN 114868612A
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000021749 root development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for returning rice straws to a field in saline-alkali soil, which belongs to the technical field of rice straw returning and comprises the following steps: putting the rice straws into a crushing device for crushing, putting the crushed rice straws into a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation, and adding a certain amount of ammonium sulfate into the box; in the ammonium sulfate mixing process of follow-up straw that is provided with, the carbon nitrogen ratio in the straw can effectively be adjusted to ammonium sulfate, thereby can effectively adjust some greenhouse gas's that produce when degrading follow-up straw, avoid causing greenhouse effect, still have the fertilizer mixing process to the straw after carrying out the preliminary treatment to the straw simultaneously, can make the straw after handling mix with fertilizer, thereby can effectively promote soil to the absorption rate of compounding, thereby can effectively improve saline and alkaline land, the method suitability is good, excellent in use effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice straw returning, and particularly relates to a method for returning rice straw to a field in saline-alkali soil.
Background
Returning to the field is a commonly used technology in agricultural planting, for some straws produced in agricultural planting, the straws are treated by burning in the prior art, but burning can produce a large amount of dust, which can cause serious influence on air quality, and in order to improve the condition, the produced technology for returning to the field has the functions of increasing fertilizer and increasing yield while avoiding atmospheric pollution caused by straw burning. The straw returning can increase soil organic matters, improve soil structure, loosen soil, increase porosity, reduce capacity and promote microbial activity and crop root development.
The traditional straw returning method is generally to directly throw straws into a farmland to return to the farmland, so that the operation is time-saving and labor-saving, but the straws are not treated, so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the straws cannot be adjusted, the amount of some carbon dioxide generated when the follow-up straws are degraded cannot be adjusted, and the returning to the farmland easily causes a greenhouse effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method for returning the field to the rice field is provided in order to solve the problems that the traditional method for returning the field to the rice field generally throws the straws into the field to return the field, so that the operation is time-saving and labor-saving, but the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the straws cannot be adjusted due to the fact that the straws are not treated, the amount of some carbon dioxide generated when the follow-up straws are degraded cannot be adjusted, and the field returning easily causes a greenhouse effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for returning rice straws to field in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the rice straws into a crushing device for crushing;
s2, placing the crushed rice straws in a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation, and adding a certain amount of ammonium sulfate into the box;
s3, after a period of time, taking the rice straws out of the mashing device, and mashing the rice straws;
s4, placing the rice straws in a container, and adding a certain amount of degradation bacteria into the container;
s5, after a period of time, taking out the rice straws, placing the rice straws in a mixing device, and adding a certain proportion of fertilizer inwards to mix the rice straws and the fertilizer;
s6, taking out the mixed materials and placing the mixed materials in a fertilizing device;
s7, turning the soil by using a high upright column big plough, applying farmyard manure or acid quick-acting fertilizer during the turning of the soil, and putting the mixed material into the turned soil;
s8, soaking the field in advance;
s9, pulping with shallow water;
s10, transplanting rice seedlings, cultivating and fertilizing;
s11, performing water distribution management;
and S12, returning to the field.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in the step S1, the rice straws are placed in a crushing device and crushed, so that the size of the crushed rice straws is between 5 and 10 cm.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in the step S2, the crushed rice straws are placed in a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation at 25-35 ℃, and ammonium sulfate accounting for 30-35% of the weight of the rice straws is added into the box.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in the step S3, after 35-55min, taking out the rice straws into a mashing device, and mashing the rice straws.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in the S4, the rice straws are placed in a container, 25-35ml of degrading bacteria are added into the container, and the degrading bacteria consist of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus and activating enzyme.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in S5, after a period of time, the rice straws are taken out and placed in a mixing device, and a fertilizer with a certain proportion is added inwards to mix the rice straws and the rice straws, wherein the proportion of the fertilizer to the rice straws is 1: 2.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in the S7, a 3+1 high-upright-column large plough is adopted for turning the soil, the depth of the turned soil is kept between 18 cm and 22cm, farmyard manure or acid quick-acting fertilizer is applied during the turning of the soil, and the mixed material is placed into the turned soil.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
and in the S10, transplanting, cultivating and fertilizing, wherein the transplanting specification is generally 9 multiplied by 3, 7-8 plants are planted in each hole, acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and the like are used for fertilizing, and the application amount of a phosphate fertilizer is increased compared with the conventional fertilizer application (the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is adjusted to be 2: 1.2: 1).
As a further description of the above technical solution:
and in the step S11, water diversion management is carried out, so that the saline-alkali soil is kept at a water layer of 3-5 cm.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, through the ammonium sulfate mixing process of the straws, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the straws can be effectively adjusted by the ammonium sulfate, so that the amount of greenhouse gases generated during the subsequent degradation of the straws can be effectively adjusted, the greenhouse effect is avoided, meanwhile, the method also has a fertilizer mixing process of the straws after the straws are pretreated, the treated straws can be mixed with the fertilizer, the absorption rate of the mixed materials by the soil can be effectively improved, the saline-alkali soil can be effectively improved, and the method is good in applicability and good in using effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for returning rice straw to field in saline-alkali soil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for returning rice straws to field in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the rice straws into a crushing device, and crushing to ensure that the size of the crushed rice straws is between 5 and 10 cm;
s2, placing the crushed rice straws in a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation at 25 ℃, and adding ammonium sulfate accounting for 35% of the weight of the rice straws into the box;
s3, taking out the rice straws into a mashing device after 35min, and mashing the rice straws;
s4, placing the rice straws in a container, and adding 25ml of degrading bacteria into the container, wherein the degrading bacteria consist of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus and activating enzyme;
s5, after a period of time, taking out the rice straws, placing the rice straws into a mixing device, and adding a fertilizer in a certain proportion inwards to mix the rice straws and the rice straws, wherein the proportion of the fertilizer to the rice straws is 1: 2;
s6, taking out the mixed materials and placing the mixed materials in a fertilizing device;
s7, turning the soil by adopting a 3+1 high upright column big plough, keeping the turning depth between 18 and 22cm, applying farmyard manure or acid quick-acting fertilizer during the turning of the soil, and placing the mixed material into the turned soil;
s8, soaking the field in advance;
s9, pulping with shallow water;
s10, transplanting, cultivating and fertilizing, wherein the transplanting specification is generally 9 x 3, 7-8 plants are planted in each hole, acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and the like are used for fertilizing, and the application amount of a phosphate fertilizer is increased compared with the conventional fertilizer application (the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is adjusted to be 2: 1.2: 1);
s11, performing water diversion management to keep the saline-alkali soil in a water layer of 3-5 cm;
and S12, returning to the field.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for returning rice straws to field in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the rice straws into a crushing device, and crushing to ensure that the size of the crushed rice straws is between 5 and 10 cm;
s2, placing the crushed rice straws in a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation at 30 ℃, and adding ammonium sulfate accounting for 32% of the weight of the rice straws into the box;
s3, taking the rice straws out of the mashing device 35-55min later, and mashing the rice straws;
s4, placing the rice straws in a container, and adding 30ml of degrading bacteria into the container, wherein the degrading bacteria consist of nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus and activating enzyme;
s5, after a period of time, taking out the rice straws, placing the rice straws into a mixing device, and adding a fertilizer in a certain proportion inwards to mix the rice straws and the rice straws, wherein the proportion of the fertilizer to the rice straws is 1: 2;
s6, taking out the mixed materials and placing the mixed materials in a fertilizing device;
s7, turning the soil by adopting a 3+1 high upright column big plough, keeping the turning depth between 18 and 22cm, applying farmyard manure or acid quick-acting fertilizer during the turning of the soil, and placing the mixed material into the turned soil;
s8, soaking the field in advance;
s9, pulping with shallow water;
s10, transplanting, cultivating and fertilizing, wherein the transplanting specification is generally 9 x 3, 7-8 plants are planted in each hole, acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and the like are used for fertilizing, and the application amount of a phosphate fertilizer is increased compared with the conventional fertilizer application (the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is adjusted to be 2: 1.2: 1);
s11, performing water diversion management to keep the saline-alkali soil in a water layer of 3-5 cm;
and S12, returning to the field.
In the embodiment, in the ammonium sulfate mixing process of the follow-up straws, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the straws can be effectively adjusted by the ammonium sulfate, so that the amount of carbon dioxide generated in the process of degrading the follow-up straws can be effectively adjusted, and the greenhouse effect is avoided.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for returning rice straws to field in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the rice straws into a crushing device, and crushing to ensure that the size of the crushed rice straws is between 5 and 10 cm;
s2, placing the crushed rice straws in a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation at 25-35 ℃, and adding ammonium sulfate accounting for 35% of the weight of the rice straws into the box;
s3, after 55min, taking the rice straws out of the mashing device, and mashing the rice straws;
s4, placing the rice straws in a container, and adding 35ml of degrading bacteria into the container, wherein the degrading bacteria consist of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus and activating enzyme;
s5, after a period of time, taking out the rice straws, placing the rice straws into a mixing device, and adding a fertilizer in a certain proportion inwards to mix the rice straws and the rice straws, wherein the proportion of the fertilizer to the rice straws is 1: 2;
s6, taking out the mixed materials and placing the mixed materials in a fertilizing device;
s7, turning the soil by adopting a 3+1 high upright column big plough, keeping the turning depth between 18 and 22cm, applying farmyard manure or acid quick-acting fertilizer during the turning of the soil, and placing the mixed material into the turned soil;
s8, soaking the field in advance;
s9, pulping with shallow water;
s10, transplanting, cultivating and fertilizing, wherein the transplanting specification is generally 9 x 3, 7-8 plants are planted in each hole, acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and the like are used for fertilizing, and the application amount of a phosphate fertilizer is increased compared with the conventional fertilizer application (the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is adjusted to be 2: 1.2: 1);
s11, performing water diversion management to keep the saline-alkali soil in a water layer of 3-5 cm;
and S12, returning to the field.
Examples 1 to 3 illustrate that: two places are respectively searched for returning to the field experiment:
1. the Qizihaar breeding farm in Heilongjiang province, the east longitude of which is 124.14 degrees, the north latitude of which is 47.36 degrees, and the altitude of which is 146-149 meters, belongs to temperate continental climate. The average rainfall is 560 mm, the frost-free period is about 130 days, and the effective accumulated temperature is 2500 ℃ and 2700 ℃. The field topography is flat and is a typical plain landscape. The soil to be tested is saline-alkali soil.
The method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, a half (full) feeding combine harvester is adopted to harvest rice, and a straw diffuser is required to be arranged below a chopper, so that the chopped straws are uniformly diffused and scattered, and the phenomenon of piling and ridging is avoided. The height of the stubble left on the straws is generally controlled to be about 10-15cm, and the straws are cut into 5-10cm sections. And secondly, performing autumn rotation operation, and simultaneously performing spring water raking by matching with a mud-stirring land leveler. 2kg of urea is applied to each mu of land. After the operation, the surface of the field can be flat and smooth, no rice straw or rice stubble exists, the field is completely stirred into a mud layer with the depth of less than 5cm, the field is prevented from being soaked for too long time by water, and the water layer is kept for 3-5cm after the soil is leveled. Other management is the same as local.
Demonstration of fertilizer application in areas: the total amount of straw returned to the field is recommended to be matched with 133kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen, 20550kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen and K2075kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen.
And (3) applying chemical fertilizer to a control area: the straw leaves the field and is mixed with 133kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen, 20550kg/hm2 of pure P and 2075 of pure K and 2075kg/hm2 of pure K.
The effect is as follows:
the straw returning treatment can increase the soil nutrient content to a certain extent, and compared with CK, the treatment of different straw returning amounts increases the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents by 0.5-2.7%, 1.7-5.2% and 1.1-4.9% respectively; the contents of quick-acting nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium are respectively increased (-2.4%) -7.2%, -7.7%, 5.1% -10.3%.
2. Charkhonomura, ziqi har, heilongjiang province. The soil to be tested is saline-alkali soil.
The method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, a straw diffuser is arranged below a chopper for harvesting rice by adopting a half (full) feeding combine harvester, so that the chopped straws are uniformly diffused and scattered, and the phenomenon of piling and ridging is avoided. The height of the stubble left on the straws is generally controlled to be about 10-15cm, and the straws are cut into 5-10cm sections. Secondly, a furrow plough matched with a tractor is adopted for deep-ploughing for 20-25cm burying (aiming at the land blocks with uneven straw smashing and spreading, a reverse stubble-cleaning rotary cultivator can be adopted for secondary smashing operation of the straws, and the length of the straws is ensured to be about 5-10 cm). Thirdly, after turning over the straws in autumn and returning the straws to the field, performing spring rotation and water harrowing, and completing the operations of applying the soil, stirring the slurry and burying the stubbles for 1 time, wherein 2kg of urea is applied to each mu of land. After the operation, the surface of the field can be flat and smooth, no rice straw or rice stubble exists, the field is completely stirred into a mud layer with the depth of less than 5cm, the field is prevented from being soaked for too long time by water, and the water layer is kept for 3-5cm after the soil is leveled. Other management is the same as local.
Demonstration of fertilizer application in areas: the total amount of straw returned to the field is recommended to be matched with 133kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen, 20550kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen and K2075kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen.
And (3) applying chemical fertilizer to a control area: the straw leaves the field and is mixed with 133kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen, 20550kg/hm2 of pure P and 2075 of pure K and 2075kg/hm2 of pure K.
The effect is as follows:
the straw returning treatment can reduce the pH value of the soil and increase the organic matter content of the soil to a certain extent. The mode is adopted for soil improvement, and the pH value of the soil is reduced from the original 10.16 to the current 7.84 ten years after operation; the organic matter content of the soil is increased from the original 20.10g/kg to the current 24.21 g/kg.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for returning rice straws to fields in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the rice straws into a crushing device for crushing;
s2, placing the crushed rice straws in a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation, and adding a certain amount of ammonium sulfate into the box;
s3, after a period of time, taking the rice straws out of the mashing device, and mashing the rice straws;
s4, placing the rice straws in a container, and adding a certain amount of degradation bacteria into the container;
s5, after a period of time, taking out the rice straws, placing the rice straws in a mixing device, and adding a certain proportion of fertilizer inwards to mix the rice straws and the fertilizer; in claim 6 illustrate
S6, taking out the mixed materials and placing the mixed materials in a fertilizing device;
s7, turning the soil by using a high upright column big plough, applying farmyard manure or acid quick-acting fertilizer during the turning of the soil, and putting the mixed material into the turned soil;
s8, soaking the field in advance;
s9, pulping with shallow water;
s10, transplanting rice seedlings, cultivating and fertilizing;
s11, performing water distribution management;
and S12, returning to the field.
2. The method for returning rice straws to the field in saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the rice straws are placed in a crushing device for crushing, so that the size of the crushed rice straws is between 5 and 10 cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the crushed rice straw is placed in a ventilated heat preservation box for heat preservation at 25-35 ℃, and ammonium sulfate which is 30-35% of the weight of the rice straw is added into the box.
4. The method for returning the rice straws to the field in the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, after 35-55min, the rice straws are taken out to a mashing device to be mashed.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, rice straw is placed in a container, and 25-35ml of degrading bacteria are added into the container, wherein the degrading bacteria comprise nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, bacillus and activating enzyme.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S5, after a period of time, the rice straw is taken out and placed in a mixing device, and a fertilizer is added inwards in a certain proportion, so that the fertilizer and the rice straw are mixed, wherein the proportion of the fertilizer to the rice straw is 1: 2.
7. The method for returning the rice straws to the field in the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S7, a 3+1 high upright big plough is adopted for plowing, the plowing depth is kept between 18 cm and 22cm, farmyard manure or acid quick-acting fertilizer is applied during plowing, and the mixed material is put into the plowing.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S10, rice is transplanted and cultivated, and fertilizer is applied, wherein the transplanting specification is generally 9 x 3, 7-8 plants per hole, acid fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate are used for fertilizer application, and the application amount of phosphate fertilizer is increased (the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is adjusted to 2: 1.2: 1) compared with conventional fertilizer application.
9. The method for returning the rice straws to the field in the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S11, water distribution management is carried out to keep the saline-alkali soil at a water layer of 3-5 cm.
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| CN202210690495.XA CN114868612A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | Saline-alkali soil rice straw returning method |
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| CN202210690495.XA CN114868612A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | Saline-alkali soil rice straw returning method |
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| CN114868612A true CN114868612A (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117957966A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for resolving freeze and stirring slurry for straw returning in soda saline-alkali paddy field and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117957966A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for resolving freeze and stirring slurry for straw returning in soda saline-alkali paddy field and application thereof |
| CN117957966B (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-08-23 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for resolving freeze and stirring slurry for straw returning in soda saline-alkali paddy field and application thereof |
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