CN114850877A - Laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit and method suitable for curved surface component - Google Patents
Laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit and method suitable for curved surface component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114850877A CN114850877A CN202210369852.2A CN202210369852A CN114850877A CN 114850877 A CN114850877 A CN 114850877A CN 202210369852 A CN202210369852 A CN 202210369852A CN 114850877 A CN114850877 A CN 114850877A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- slide rail
- milling
- ultrasonic
- laser head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011226 reinforced ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit and a method suitable for curved surface members. The milling and grinding device comprises a milling and grinding device and a laser auxiliary system integrated on the outer side of a processing main shaft, wherein the main shaft of the milling and grinding device is provided with an optical fiber winding ring module rotatably connected to the main shaft, the laser auxiliary system is connected to the optical fiber winding ring module, the optical fiber winding ring module can rotate around the main shaft by 360 degrees, the laser auxiliary system is used for outputting laser spots and carrying out preset laser treatment on a processed material in the feeding direction before the milling and grinding device carries out mechanical processing, the position and the rotation angle of the laser auxiliary system are adjustable, and an optical fiber and a wire for a posture adjusting system of the laser auxiliary system are arranged in the optical fiber winding ring module. The invention can realize the laser synchronous composite ultrasonic vibration processing of the complex curved surface component and solve the limitation that the prior art can not synchronously compound and process the curved surface component or asynchronously and auxiliarily process the curved surface component.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser-assisted machining, in particular to a laser composite ultrasonic-assisted grinding machining unit and method suitable for a curved surface member.
Background
High-performance alloys (titanium alloy, tungsten alloy and the like), hard and brittle materials (optical glass, laser crystal, engineering ceramic and the like), composite materials (particle reinforced metal matrix composite, fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite and the like) and the like belong to typical difficult-to-process materials. Laser hybrid machining is considered an effective way of machining difficult-to-machine materials. During laser composite processing, a high-power laser beam is focused on the surface of a workpiece in front of a cutting edge, so that the strength and hardness of a workpiece material are changed at high temperature, a common cutter can be used for processing, the effects of greatly reducing cutting resistance, reducing cutter abrasion and the like are achieved, the purposes of improving processing efficiency, reducing cost and improving the quality of a processed surface are achieved, and an effective method is provided for the cutting processing of a material difficult to process. The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing is to apply ultrasonic vibration to a milling cutter or a grinding wheel in the common milling or grinding processing, and the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing can reduce the roughness value of the surface of a workpiece, improve the surface quality, reduce the cutting force and improve the stability of a cutting system. And the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding can reduce the blockage of the grinding wheel, effectively keep the sharpness of the abrasive particles, improve the cutting performance of the grinding wheel, reduce the loss of the grinding wheel and improve the grinding efficiency.
The existing laser composite processing can only realize unilateral clamping, unilateral rotation or asynchronous composite (firstly, laser processing and then milling and grinding processing) of a workpiece, and manual participation is needed, so that two functions cannot be realized by one mechanism at the same time, and the maximum automation cannot be realized when the laser composite processing is carried out on the workpiece, and the processing efficiency is influenced. The curved surface member made of the difficult-to-machine material is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, national defense military industry and the like, but the laser composite machining mode has the problems of incapability of synchronous compounding, low automation degree, unstable machining quality, low machining efficiency and the like, the high-quality and high-efficiency machining of the curved surface member made of the difficult-to-machine material is severely limited, and a solution needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding processing unit and the method suitable for the curved surface member, which can realize the laser synchronous composite ultrasonic processing of the complex curved surface and solve the limitation of the traditional unidirectional feeding or unidirectional rotation processing.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the utility model provides a supplementary abrasive machining unit of compound supersound of laser suitable for curved surface component, includes mills the processingequipment and the integrated laser auxiliary system in the processing main shaft outside, it rolls up the ring module to be provided with the optic fibre of rotating the connection above that on milling the processingequipment's the main shaft, the laser auxiliary system is connected on optic fibre book ring module, optic fibre book ring module can wind 360 rotations of main shaft, laser auxiliary system is used for exporting the laser facula, carries out predetermined laser processing by the processing material on the direction of feed before milling processingequipment carries out machining, laser auxiliary system's position and rotation angle are adjustable, optic fibre book ring module embeds there is optic fibre and laser auxiliary system's gesture governing system wire.
Further, the laser composite ultrasonic vibration milling and grinding device is detachably connected on a machine tool through a fixing ring, the milling and grinding device comprises a machine tool main shaft and a milling and grinding device connected with the machine tool main shaft, the rotating device of the optical fiber winding module comprises a driving motor, a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is directly connected to an output shaft of the driving motor, the driven gear is arranged on the main body part of the optical fiber winding ring module, the driving motor and the optical fiber winding ring module are both fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool through a fixing ring, the driving gear is installed on an output shaft of the driving motor through a coupler, the driven gear is driven to rotate, a plane bearing is placed on the driven gear, a rotary support and a bearing ring are installed below the driven gear, the bearing ring clamps and fixes parts arranged on the bearing ring through inner and outer ring fixing bolts and guarantees that the bearing ring rotates along with the driven gear.
Further, laser auxiliary system's gesture governing system includes runing rest, last slide rail, lower slide rail, rotating electrical machines, diaxon connecting piece and laser head mount, the runing rest be located between carrier ring and the driven gear, the installation hole site of rotating electrical machines is placed to the outermost end, last slide rail and lower slide rail both ends install the rotating electrical machines of different directions of turning to, different specifications, the slide rail back still is provided with fixing bolt down for it is unchangeable to guarantee to go up the relative position of slide rail and lower slide rail, the diaxon connecting piece be used for connecting the rotating electrical machines of slide rail lower extreme and the rotating electrical machines of laser head mount upper end down, the laser head mount is used for the installation fixed laser head.
Furthermore, an ultrasonic tool handle is arranged at the output end of the machine tool spindle, the ultrasonic tool handle is connected with a replaceable milling and grinding device, the milling and grinding device comprises a grinding wheel and a milling cutter, laser-assisted milling and grinding processing under different working conditions are achieved, an auxiliary coil is arranged inside the ultrasonic tool handle, the auxiliary coil and a main coil on a bearing ring below the machine tool spindle form a non-contact energy transmission device, non-contact rotary transmission of ultrasonic energy is achieved based on an electromagnetic induction principle, energy is transmitted to the milling cutter or the grinding wheel after ultrasonic amplitude is amplified through an amplitude transformer, and high-frequency vibration processing of 2-20 microns is achieved.
Furthermore, an annular partition plate is arranged inside the optical fiber winding module, the spiral optical fibers are placed above the partition plate, the inner side and the outer side of the lower side partition plate are respectively provided with a main coil wire and a laser head posture control motor wire, and a hollow pressing plate is arranged above the lower side partition plate and is fixed in the groove.
Further, the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail are provided with dovetail grooves, and can move relatively in the Z-axis direction, the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail are further provided with fixing bolts for fixing the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail at preset positions, a rotating motor rotating around the Z axis is mounted at the upper end of the upper slide rail to drive the lower slide rail, the two-axis connecting piece, the laser head fixing frame and the laser head to rotate, a buckle for fixing a spring wire is arranged in the middle of the lower slide rail, and the rotating motor rotating around the Y axis is mounted at the lower end of the lower slide rail to drive the laser head fixing frame and the laser head to rotate.
Furthermore, the optical fiber connected with the laser head and the circuit of the rotating motor at two ends of the two-axis connecting piece are arranged in the spring wire, so that the circuit safety when the upper sliding rail and the lower sliding rail move relatively is ensured.
Further, the laser head can output continuous laser or pulse laser, the wavelength is 290-1064nm, the pulse width range of the pulse laser is 50ps-1ms, and the spot shape of the pulse laser can be controlled by an optical system.
The invention also discloses a processing method of the laser composite ultrasonic vibration milling and grinding device, which comprises the following steps:
and 5, after the machining is finished, closing the laser and the ultrasonic power supply, operating the numerical control machine tool to retract, closing the machine tool, and taking down the machined part.
Further, in the step 4, when the energy density of the output laser beam is large, the material is ablated and removed, at this time, the ultrasonic vibration milling is in a rough machining mode, and when the energy of the output laser beam is small, the material is in a modified state, at this time, the ultrasonic vibration milling is in a fine machining mode.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the laser head is integrated on the outer side of the main shaft of the machine tool, the requirement of rotating 360 degrees around the main shaft can be met, the high-efficiency processing of a complex curved surface component is realized, the laser beam can be ensured to ablate or soften the processed material in the feeding direction of the laser beam before the grinding wheel or the cutter connected with the cutter handle is subjected to composite processing, the integration level is high, and the problems of low processing efficiency and the like of the traditional processing mode are solved;
2. the built-in optical fiber winding module is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is used for the rotation transmission of optical fibers, the inner side and the outer side of the lower side partition plate are respectively used for the rotation transmission of a main coil wire and a laser head attitude control motor wire, the arrangement is reasonable, and the engineering realizability is high;
3. according to the invention, in the processing process, laser compounding of different processing modes can be realized by controlling the three rotating motors, namely, the output light spot position of the laser head can be regulated and controlled to be positioned below or on the side surface of a milling cutter or a grinding wheel, and the processing requirements of various complex curved surfaces can be more flexibly adapted;
4. the invention can meet the processing requirements of different milling cutter or grinding wheel shapes, curved surface characteristics and processing tracks by changing the light spot shape and energy distribution of the laser head output light beam, and realizes high-quality and high-efficiency processing of complex curved surfaces by adopting a mode of realizing rough processing and laser modification by laser ablation to realize finish processing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial exploded elevational view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fiber optic crimp ring module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the retaining ring of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic blade handle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the swivel stand of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view and a sectional view of the upper and lower slide rails of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the assembly of the laser head and the laser head holder of the present invention;
FIGS. 9(a), (b), (c), (d), (e) are schematic diagrams of the present invention for processing complex curved surfaces;
in the figure: 1-a machine tool main shaft, 2-a fixed ring, 3-a protective cover, 4-a rotating support, 5-an upper slide rail, 6-a spring wire, 7-a lower slide rail, 8-a two-shaft connecting piece, 9-a laser head fixing frame, 10-a laser head, 11-a milling cutter or a grinding wheel, 12-an ultrasonic knife handle, 13-a bearing ring, 14-a fixing bolt, 15-a driving gear, 16-a coupler, 17-a driving motor, 18-an optical fiber winding ring module, 19-a plane bearing and 20-a driven gear.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the embodiment of the invention discloses a laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit suitable for curved surface members, which comprises a milling and grinding device and a laser auxiliary system integrated on the outer side of the processing spindle, wherein the processing spindle 1 in the embodiment refers to a spindle of a common three-axis or five-axis machine tool, and the laser auxiliary milling and grinding device can be installed and fixed, the laser composite ultrasonic vibration milling and grinding processing of various complex curved surface members can be realized, an optical fiber winding module 18 rotationally connected to the spindle of the milling and grinding device is arranged on the spindle, the laser auxiliary system is connected to the optical fiber winding module, the optical fiber winding module 18 can rotate 360 degrees around the spindle, the laser auxiliary system is used for outputting laser spots and performing preset laser processing on a processed material in the feeding direction before the mechanical processing of the milling and grinding device, the position and the rotation angle of the laser auxiliary system are adjustable, and the optical fiber winding ring module is internally provided with optical fibers and electric wires for the posture adjusting system of the laser auxiliary system.
As shown in fig. 4, the laser compound ultrasonic vibration milling and grinding device is detachably connected to a machine tool through a fixing ring 2, a protective cover 3 is installed below the milling and grinding device and used for protecting a driving gear 15 and a driven gear 10 inside the machine tool, the milling and grinding device comprises a machine tool spindle 1 and a milling and grinding device connected with the machine tool spindle, a rotating device of an optical fiber winding module comprises a driving motor 17, the driving gear 15 and a driven gear 20, the driving gear 15 is directly connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 17, the driven gear 20 is arranged on a main body part of the optical fiber winding module 18, the driving motor 17 and the optical fiber winding module 18 are both fixed on the machine tool spindle through the fixing ring 2, the driving gear 15 is installed on an output shaft of the driving motor 17 through a coupler 16 and drives the driven gear 20 to rotate, a flat bearing 19 is placed on the driven gear 20, and a rotary support 4 and a bearing ring 13 are installed below the driven gear 20, the carrier ring 13 is clamped by the inner and outer ring fixing bolts 14 to the component fixedly arranged thereon and secured for rotational movement with the driven gear 20.
In this embodiment, the rotating bracket is fixed on the driven gear 20 by an outer ring bolt of the bearing ring 13, so as to ensure synchronous rotation around the machine tool spindle 1, and is fixed on the optical fiber winding ring module 18 by an inner ring bolt.
Laser auxiliary system's gesture governing system includes runing rest 4, last slide rail 5, lower slide rail 7, rotating electrical machines, diaxon connecting piece 8 and laser head mount 9, runing rest 4 be located between carrier ring 13 and driven gear 20, the installation hole site of rotating electrical machines A has been placed to the outermost end, last slide rail 5 and lower slide rail 7 both ends install different soon to, the rotating electrical machines A and the rotating electrical machines B of different specifications, the 7 backs of lower slide rail still are provided with fixing bolt for the relative position of guaranteeing to go up slide rail and lower slide rail is unchangeable, diaxon connecting piece 8 be used for connecting the rotating electrical machines C of lower slide rail 7 lower extreme and the upper end of laser head mount 9, laser head mount 9 is used for the fixed laser head 10 of installation. Be equipped with logical groove in the middle of the laser head mount and be used for placing the fiber circuit.
As shown in fig. 5, an ultrasonic tool shank 12 is arranged at an output end (a rotating end) of the machine tool spindle 1, the ultrasonic tool shank is connected with a replaceable milling device, the milling device comprises a grinding wheel and a milling cutter 11, laser-assisted milling and grinding under different working conditions are realized, an auxiliary coil is arranged in the ultrasonic tool shank 12, and forms a non-contact energy transmission device together with a main coil on a bearing ring 13 below the machine tool spindle 1, non-contact rotary transmission of ultrasonic energy is realized based on an electromagnetic induction principle, the ultrasonic amplitude is amplified by an amplitude transformer, and then the energy is transmitted to the milling cutter or the grinding wheel 11, so that high-frequency vibration processing of 2 μm to 20 μm is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, an annular partition plate is arranged inside the optical fiber winding module, the spiral optical fiber is placed above the partition plate, the inner side and the outer side of the lower side partition plate are respectively used for rotation transmission of a main coil wire and a laser head attitude control motor wire, a hollow-out pressing plate is arranged above the lower side partition plate to fix the lower side partition plate in a groove, and when the driven gear 20, the rotating bracket 4 and the like rotate for a circle around the main shaft in the horizontal plane, synchronous rotation transmission of the optical fiber, the power line and the signal line is ensured, and phenomena such as winding and breaking cannot be generated.
As shown in fig. 7, the upper slide rail 5 and the lower slide rail 7 are provided with dovetail grooves, and can move relatively in the Z-axis direction, and the two are further provided with fixing bolts for fixing the upper slide rail 5 at a preset position, the upper end of the upper slide rail 5 is provided with a rotating motor rotating around the Z-axis to drive the lower slide rail 7, the two-axis connecting piece 8, the laser head fixing frame 9 and the laser head 10 to rotate, the middle part of the upper slide rail is provided with a buckle for fixing the spring wire 6, and the lower end of the lower slide rail 7 is provided with a rotating motor rotating around the Y-axis to drive the laser head fixing frame and the laser head to rotate. As shown in fig. 8, one end of the laser head fixing frame 9 is fixed on the rotating electrical machine, the other end is used for fixing the laser head 10, and the middle is provided with a through groove for passing the optical fiber circuit.
And an optical fiber connected with a laser head 10 and a circuit of a rotating motor at two ends of the two-axis connecting piece 8 are arranged in the spring wire 6, so that the circuit safety when the upper slide rail 5 and the lower slide rail 7 move relatively is ensured.
The laser head 10 can output continuous laser or pulse laser, the wavelength is 290-1064nm, the pulse width range of the pulse laser is 50ps-1ms, the shape of a light spot can be controlled by an optical system, the energy is uniformly distributed and output in the shapes of a circle, a rectangle, a crescent, a sector, a circular ring and the like, and the shape and the size can be synchronously adjusted according to the size of a milling cutter or a grinding wheel 11 and the morphological characteristics of a processing area.
The invention also discloses a processing method of the laser composite ultrasonic vibration milling and grinding device, which comprises the following steps:
and 5, after the machining is finished, closing the laser and the ultrasonic power supply, operating the numerical control machine tool to retract, closing the machine tool, and taking down the machined part.
In the step 4, the laser ultrasonic synchronous auxiliary machining comprises laser and milling synchronous combined machining and asynchronous auxiliary machining, when the energy density of the output laser beam is high, the material is ablated and removed, the ultrasonic vibration milling (large cutting depth) is in a rough machining mode, when the energy of the output laser beam is low, the material is in a modified state, the ultrasonic vibration milling (small cutting depth) is in a fine machining mode, and the two modes are organically combined to realize high-quality and high-efficiency machining of the curved surface component.
As shown in fig. 9(a), (b), (c), (d) and (e), the device can control three rotating electrical machines according to specific conditions in the actual processing engineering, so that the laser head is in a proper position to perform lower end surface laser auxiliary processing or two side surface laser auxiliary processing, and the processing efficiency and the processing quality are greatly improved. (a) The drawing is that the laser irradiates the feeding direction at the bottom of the grinding wheel to process the inner wall of a cylindrical part, (b) the drawing is that the laser irradiates the circumferential feeding direction of the grinding wheel to process the inner wall of the cylindrical part, (c) the drawing is that the laser irradiates the circumferential feeding direction of a milling cutter to process the outer wall of the cylindrical part, (d) the drawing is that the laser irradiates the feeding direction at the lower end of the spherical grinding wheel to process an off-axis reflector part, and (e) the drawing is that the laser irradiates the circumferential feeding direction of the spherical grinding wheel to process a saddle-shaped part.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a supplementary abrasive machining unit of compound supersound of laser suitable for curved surface member, its characterized in that, including milling and grinding processingequipment and the integrated laser auxiliary system in the processing main shaft outside, it rolls up the ring module to be provided with the optic fibre of rotating the connection above that on milling and grinding processingequipment's the main shaft, laser auxiliary system connects on optic fibre rolls up the ring module, optic fibre rolls up the ring module and can winds 360 rotations of main shaft, laser auxiliary system is used for exporting the laser facula, carries out predetermined laser processing by the processing material on the direction of feed before milling and grinding processingequipment carries out machining, laser auxiliary system's position and rotation angle are adjustable, optic fibre rolls up the ring module and embeds there is optic fibre and laser auxiliary system's gesture adjustment system power consumption line.
2. The laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding processing unit suitable for the curved surface member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser composite ultrasonic vibration milling processing device is detachably connected to the machine tool through a fixing ring, the milling processing device comprises a machine tool spindle and a milling device connected with the machine tool spindle, the rotating device of the optical fiber winding module comprises a driving motor, a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is directly connected to an output shaft of the driving motor, the driven gear is arranged on a main body part of the optical fiber winding module, the driving motor and the optical fiber winding module are both fixed on the machine tool spindle through the fixing ring, the driving gear is mounted on an output shaft of the driving motor through a coupling to drive the driven gear to rotate, a plane bearing is placed on the driven gear, and a rotary support and a bearing ring are mounted below the driven gear, the bearing ring clamps and fixes the parts arranged on the bearing ring through the inner and outer ring fixing bolts and ensures that the bearing ring rotates along with the driven gear.
3. The laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit suitable for curved surface members as claimed in claim 1, wherein the posture adjusting system of the laser auxiliary system comprises a rotary support, an upper slide rail, a lower slide rail, a rotary motor, a two-axis connecting piece and a laser head fixing frame, the rotary support is positioned between the bearing ring and the driven gear, the mounting hole of the rotary motor is placed at the outermost end, the rotary motors with different rotation directions and different specifications are mounted at the two ends of the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail, the back of the lower slide rail is further provided with a fixing bolt for ensuring that the relative positions of the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail are unchanged, the two-axis connecting piece is used for connecting the rotary motor at the lower end of the lower slide rail and the rotary motor at the upper end of the laser head fixing frame, and the laser head fixing frame is used for mounting the fixed laser head.
4. The laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit suitable for curved surface members as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output end of the machine tool spindle is provided with an ultrasonic tool shank, the ultrasonic tool shank is connected with a replaceable milling device, the milling device comprises a grinding wheel and a milling cutter, laser auxiliary milling and grinding under different working conditions are realized, a secondary coil is arranged in the ultrasonic tool shank, and forms a non-contact energy transmission device together with a primary coil on a bearing ring below the machine tool spindle, non-contact rotary transmission of ultrasonic energy is realized based on an electromagnetic induction principle, and the energy of ultrasonic amplitude is transmitted to the milling cutter or the grinding wheel after being amplified by an amplitude transformer, so that high-frequency vibration machining of 2 μm to 20 μm is realized.
5. The laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding processing unit suitable for curved surface members as claimed in claim 4, wherein an annular partition plate is arranged inside the optical fiber winding module, the spiral optical fiber is placed above the partition plate, the main coil wire and the laser head posture control motor wire are respectively installed on the inner side and the outer side of the lower partition plate, and a hollow pressing plate is arranged above the partition plate to fix the partition plate in the groove.
6. The laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding processing unit suitable for the curved surface member as claimed in claim 3, wherein the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail are provided with dovetail grooves which can move relatively in the Z-axis direction, the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail are also provided with fixing bolts for fixing the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail at preset positions, the upper end of the upper slide rail is provided with a rotating motor rotating around the Z axis to drive the lower slide rail, the two-axis connecting piece, the laser head fixing frame and the laser head to rotate, the middle part of the upper slide rail is provided with a buckle for fixing a spring wire, and the lower end of the lower slide rail is provided with a rotating motor rotating around the Y axis to drive the laser head fixing frame and the laser head to rotate.
7. The laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding processing unit suitable for the curved surface component as claimed in claim 6, wherein the spring wire is internally provided with an optical fiber connected with a laser head and a circuit of a rotating motor at two ends of the two-axis connecting piece, so that the circuit safety is ensured when the upper slide rail and the lower slide rail move relatively.
8. The laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding processing unit suitable for the curved surface member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser head can output continuous laser or pulse laser with the wavelength of 290 and 1064nm and the pulse width range of 50ps-1ms, and the spot shape of the pulse laser can be controlled by the optical system.
9. The machining method of the laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding machining unit suitable for the curved surface component is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, fixing a workpiece on a workbench, installing a milling cutter or a grinding wheel on an ultrasonic cutter handle, and performing tool setting by operating a numerical control machine to translate the machining device to change the position of the milling cutter or the grinding wheel so that the milling cutter or the grinding wheel is in a correct position relative to the workpiece;
step 2, adjusting the vertical position of the lower guide rail in the dovetail groove to enable the laser head to be at a proper height relative to the milling cutter or the grinding wheel, then fixing the laser head through a fixing bolt, adjusting the position of the laser head in a laser head fixing frame, and adjusting the energy and the size and shape of a light spot of the laser to enable the laser head to irradiate the surface of a workpiece to be processed;
step 3, turning on an ultrasonic power supply, transmitting a signal to an ultrasonic tool handle through an ultrasonic transmission device, enabling the milling cutter or the grinding wheel to generate axial high-frequency vibration with the vibration frequency of 20-25kHz and the amplitude of 5-10 mu m, turning on a main shaft power supply, driving the milling cutter or the grinding wheel to rotate at a high speed, and selecting a planned processing track;
step 4, the milling cutter or the grinding wheel moves according to the planned processing track, and the laser head on the outer side of the milling cutter or the grinding wheel is controlled by the three rotating motors, so that light spots output by the laser head can be ensured to be always positioned at a certain distance from the grinding wheel or the milling cutter in the feeding direction according to the specific processing track, and the laser ultrasonic synchronous auxiliary mechanical processing is realized;
and 5, after the machining is finished, closing the laser and the ultrasonic power supply, operating the numerical control machine tool to retract, closing the machine tool, and taking down the machined part.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein in step 4, when the energy density of the output laser beam is larger, the material is ablated and removed, and when the energy density of the output laser beam is smaller, the material is in a modified state, and when the energy density of the output laser beam is smaller, the material is in a finish mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210369852.2A CN114850877A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit and method suitable for curved surface component |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210369852.2A CN114850877A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit and method suitable for curved surface component |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114850877A true CN114850877A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
Family
ID=82628720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210369852.2A Pending CN114850877A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit and method suitable for curved surface component |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114850877A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116929243A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-10-24 | 武汉纺织大学 | High-altitude fixed three-dimensional scene redrawing laser scanning device |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4850299B1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-11 | 日本省力機械株式会社 | Work processing equipment |
| JP2014008548A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-20 | Komatsu Ntc Ltd | Processing apparatus of shaft-shaped workpiece |
| CN103817368A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | Method of machining carbon-fibre composite material by combination of laser and machinery |
| CN108817489A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-16 | 华中科技大学 | Collimator pose regulating device and method for free form surface laser assisted milling |
| JP2020021878A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-06 | 株式会社ディスコ | Processing device and peeling device |
| CN112643100A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-13 | 华侨大学 | Shimming laser auxiliary milling device and method suitable for difficult-to-machine materials |
| CN113798563A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-17 | 河南理工大学 | Multi-energy-field cooperative processing device and method for hard and brittle materials |
-
2022
- 2022-04-08 CN CN202210369852.2A patent/CN114850877A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4850299B1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-11 | 日本省力機械株式会社 | Work processing equipment |
| JP2014008548A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-20 | Komatsu Ntc Ltd | Processing apparatus of shaft-shaped workpiece |
| CN103817368A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | Method of machining carbon-fibre composite material by combination of laser and machinery |
| CN108817489A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-16 | 华中科技大学 | Collimator pose regulating device and method for free form surface laser assisted milling |
| JP2020021878A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-06 | 株式会社ディスコ | Processing device and peeling device |
| CN112643100A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-13 | 华侨大学 | Shimming laser auxiliary milling device and method suitable for difficult-to-machine materials |
| CN113798563A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-17 | 河南理工大学 | Multi-energy-field cooperative processing device and method for hard and brittle materials |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国机械工程学会特种加工分会: "工业机器人操作臂设计", 30 November 2016, 哈尔滨工业大学出版社, pages: 185 - 78 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116929243A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-10-24 | 武汉纺织大学 | High-altitude fixed three-dimensional scene redrawing laser scanning device |
| CN116929243B (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2024-07-12 | 武汉纺织大学 | High-altitude fixed three-dimensional scene redrawing laser scanning device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110732776B (en) | Laser edge trimming device and method | |
| CN107127459B (en) | A kind of laser accurate processing method of diamond cutter | |
| CN107234445B (en) | A kind of high speed, in high precision five axis ultrasonic machine tools | |
| JP4833153B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for soft machining of bevel gear and method of using the apparatus | |
| CN101767252B (en) | Laser tool grinding method and tool grinding machine | |
| US7373706B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for generating an optical surface on a workpiece | |
| CN110449995B (en) | Laser-assisted grinding device and method for free-form surface grinding | |
| JP2017512896A (en) | Machine tool system and method for additional machining | |
| CN114770234B (en) | Laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding machine tool and processing method | |
| CN114850877A (en) | Laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding unit and method suitable for curved surface component | |
| CN103909288A (en) | Electrophoretic assisted ultrasonic mechanical composite micro-drilling machining device | |
| CN114571064A (en) | Laser-induced oxidation auxiliary milling composite processing device and method | |
| CN107414492A (en) | A kind of multifunctional efficient rate machining tool | |
| CN205184055U (en) | Three -dimensional laser cutting machine | |
| CN114850653A (en) | Composite machine tool integrating ultrasonic-assisted grinding and laser processing and processing method | |
| CN213827472U (en) | Laser turning machine tool | |
| CN114850876B (en) | Laser-assisted milling and grinding device and method | |
| CN210172556U (en) | Composite material ultrasonic cutting main shaft | |
| CN107414284A (en) | A kind of PRK aids in micro- milling method and device | |
| CN116117604A (en) | Ceramic slicing knife sharpening device and machining method | |
| CN115958287A (en) | Laser-assisted rolling modification tool system and laser-assisted rolling method | |
| CN110052916A (en) | Heavy caliber wedge optical element ultraprecise combined shaping grinding attachment and processing method | |
| CN114932410A (en) | Laser and ultrasonic grinding combined machining cutter handle and machining method | |
| CN215393137U (en) | Device for composite machining of revolving body by increasing and decreasing materials | |
| CN210189041U (en) | Large-angle rotating mechanism |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |