CN114850193B - Method for controlling degradation speed of agricultural biodegradable mulching film - Google Patents
Method for controlling degradation speed of agricultural biodegradable mulching film Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850193B CN114850193B CN202210554176.6A CN202210554176A CN114850193B CN 114850193 B CN114850193 B CN 114850193B CN 202210554176 A CN202210554176 A CN 202210554176A CN 114850193 B CN114850193 B CN 114850193B
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000378866 Trichoderma koningii Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000186074 Arthrobacter globiformis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000034530 PLAA-associated neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001896 polybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural environmental engineering, and relates to a method for controlling the degradation speed of an agricultural biodegradable mulching film. The method comprises the following steps: spraying wood vinegar on the same day as laying the mulching film, spraying the microbial agent A after 12-96 h, and spraying the sodium alginate solution after 24-60 h, so as to slow down the biodegradation speed of the mulching film; and after the use of the mulching film is finished, clear water is sprayed, the starch solution and the microbial agent B are respectively sprayed after 12-96 hours, and wood powder is sprayed after 24-60 hours, so that the biodegradation speed of the mulching film is accelerated. According to the invention, the biodegradation speed of the mulching film is slowed down or accelerated by adopting a corresponding method according to needs in different periods of the agricultural soil mulching film. The method is convenient to use, strong in operability and harmless to the planting soil environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural environmental engineering, and relates to a method for controlling the degradation speed of an agricultural biodegradable mulching film.
Background
The mulching film is the fourth agricultural production data of China after seeds, pesticides and chemical fertilizers. The mulching technology is widely applied to agricultural production due to the effects of warming, soil moisture conservation, grass suppression, seedling protection, yield improvement and the like, but the use amount and the service life of the mulching technology climb year by year, and residual mulching enters soil, so that the residual mulching becomes a 'Yuanjian' which reduces the soil permeability, winds tillage machines and tools, hinders the water and fertilizer migration, influences the seedling growth and reduces the crop yield, and the 'Yuanjian' becomes a prominent problem influencing the sustainable development of agriculture. The degradable mulching film has the functions of heat preservation and soil moisture preservation of the common mulching film and can be naturally degraded, so that the agricultural film recycling link is omitted, the labor is saved, and the agricultural production cost is reduced. However, the practical effect of the degradable mulching film is not ideal at present, firstly, the degradable mulching film cannot cover the growth period of crops in the use period, and secondly, the degradable mulching film is slowly degraded after the use period is finished, so that the land utilization efficiency is lowered.
CN109206660B discloses a method for regulating and controlling the degradation speed of a biodegradable mulching film, which takes a biodegradable mulching film used in a field as an implementation object, obtains the degradability of different microorganisms on the degradable mulching film by comparing and screening beneficial microorganisms such as azotobacter, nitrobacteria, saprophytic bacteria and the like in soil, prepares the corresponding microorganisms into a preparation according to the characteristics of the mulching film and the degradation time requirement, and sprays the preparation on the mulching film in a spraying mode to control the degradation speed of the mulching film. However, the technical scheme provided by the document adopts a single microorganism spraying method to control the degradation of the degradable mulching film, and is greatly influenced by environmental factors such as soil weather, and the actual using effect is not ideal.
The biodegradable mulching film is one kind of novel ground covering film, and is used mainly in ground covering to raise soil temperature, maintain soil water, maintain soil structure and prevent pest from invading crop and some microbe caused diseases, so as to promote plant growth. The biodegradable mulching film in the prior art is mostly short in degradation period, when the biodegradable mulching film is applied to crops with a long growth period, the growth period of the crops does not yet exist, and the biodegradable mulching film is firstly broken or loses efficacy due to degradation, so that adverse effects are caused on the growth and harvest of the crops. Therefore, a method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film is developed, the biodegradation speed of the agricultural soil mulching film is increased or reduced according to production needs, and the method plays an important role in effectively using the biodegradable mulching film and reducing the pollution of the mulching film to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling the degradation speed of an agricultural biodegradable mulching film, which can improve or slow down the biodegradation speed of an agricultural soil mulching film according to production needs.
Based on the above objects, the present invention provides a method for controlling the degradation rate of an agricultural biodegradable mulch film, comprising: spraying wood vinegar on the same day as laying the mulching film, spraying the microbial agent A after 12-96 h, and spraying the sodium alginate solution after 24-60 h, so as to slow down the biodegradation speed of the mulching film; spraying clear water after the use of the mulching film is finished, spraying a starch solution and a microbial agent B after 12-96 hours, and sprinkling wood powder after 24-60 hours to accelerate the biodegradation speed of the mulching film; the microbial agent A is selected from one of saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum and arthrobacter globiformis; the microbial agent B is selected from one of trichoderma koningii, trichoderma viride and aspergillus oryzae.
Further, in the method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film, the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 0.5-2%; the concentration of the microbial agent A or the microbial agent B is 1 x 10 8 ～5×10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 5-10%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 10-20%.
Further, in the method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film, the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 0.5%; the concentration of the microbial agent A or the microbial agent B is 1 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 5%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 10%.
Further, in the method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film, the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 1%; the concentration of the microbial agent A or the microbial agent B is 3 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 6%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 12%.
Further, in the method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film, the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 2%; the concentration of the microbial agent A or the microbial agent B is 5 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 10%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 20%.
Compared with the prior art, the method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film has the following beneficial effects or advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film. According to verification, the invention sprays the substances with corresponding concentrations at different periods through the matching of various substances, can effectively delay or accelerate the biodegradation speed of the agricultural soil mulching film, can adjust the concentrations and/or the spraying periods of the corresponding substances according to different production requirements, and meets the production and use requirements of the agricultural soil mulching film in agricultural planting.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
Example 1
This example is intended to illustrate the utility of the method of the present invention in retarding or accelerating the rate of biodegradation of agricultural soil mulch.
The black agricultural soil mulching film of Wuhan's furniture source science and technology limited company used in this embodiment comprises the following raw materials: PBAT, PLA and starch.
The moisture conservation performance of the mulching film is evaluated by testing the water vapor transmission rate of the mulching film. Collecting a fresh soil sample, washing, drying, placing in a clean and dry inert container to ensure that the thickness of the inert container is at least 20cm, and paving and filling a mulching film at a position of 10cm of the soil sample. Blank control group: no treatment is done. Test group 1: spraying 0.5% wood vinegar with a concentration of 1 × 10 after 12 hr 8 Spraying 5% sodium alginate solution to the CFU/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae after the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is sprayed for 24 hours; the spraying amount of any one of the agents is 20L/mu by the area of the mulching film. Test group 2: spraying 1% wood vinegar, wherein the spraying concentration of the wood vinegar is 3 multiplied by 10 after 72 hours 8 Spraying 6% sodium alginate solution to the CFU/g lactobacillus plantarum after the lactobacillus plantarum is sprayed for 36 hours; the spraying amount of any one of the agents is 20L/mu by the area of the mulching film. Test group 3: spraying 2% wood vinegar, wherein the spraying concentration of the wood vinegar is 5 multiplied by 10 after 96 hours 8 Spraying 10% sodium alginate solution after spraying CFU/g lactobacillus plantarum for 60 hours; the spraying amount of any one of the agents is 20L/mu by the area of the mulching film. Test group 4: spraying clear water for 12 hr, and spraying 10% starch solution and 1 × 10 starch solution 8 Spraying CFU/g trichoderma koningii, starch solution and trichoderma koningii for 24h, and spraying wood powder;the spraying amount of any one agent is 20L/mu and the sprinkling amount of wood powder is 1 kg/mu by the area of the mulching film. Test group 5: spraying clear water for 72h, and respectively spraying 12% starch solution and 3 × 10 starch solution 8 Spraying CFU/g of trichoderma viride, starch solution and trichoderma viride for 36h, and then spraying wood powder; the spraying amount of any one agent is 20L/mu and the sprinkling amount of wood powder is 1 kg/mu by the area of the mulching film. Test group 6: spraying clear water, spraying 20% starch solution and 5 × 10 starch solution after spraying clear water for 96 hr 8 Spraying CFU/g Aspergillus oryzae, starch solution and Aspergillus oryzae for 60 hr, and sprinkling wood powder; the spraying amount of any one agent is 20L/mu and the sprinkling amount of wood powder is 1 kg/mu by the area of the mulching film. Each set of experiments was repeated in 3 groups. The water vapor transmission rate of the mulching film was measured by using a water vapor transmission rate tester (WPT-304) on day 1, day 20, day 40, day 60, day 80, day 100, day 120, and day 160, respectively, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water vapor Transmission Rate of mulch films under different treatments
The results in table 1 show that the application of the method for controlling the degradation speed of the agricultural biodegradable mulching film provided by the invention can effectively delay or accelerate the biodegradation speed of the agricultural soil mulching film; comparing the test groups 1-3 with the blank control group, wherein the degradation effect of the test group at 160d is similar to that of the blank control group at 100 d; comparing the test groups 4-6 with the blank control group, it can be seen that the mulching films of the test groups 4-6 are almost completely degraded at the 100 th day, and the blank control group 160d achieves almost complete degradation.
On day 180, changes in microbial activity in the soil were measured and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 change in soil microbial Activity of mulch films under different treatments
As can be seen from Table 2, the surface structure and chemical structure of the agricultural soil mulch film were changed after culturing for 180 days under different treatments. Various microorganisms and corresponding biological enzymes in soil form a biological environment where the biodegradable mulching film is located, and symbiosis exists, namely, a certain step in a degradation link is executed by a specific microorganism, and other microorganisms live on the products of the specific microorganism. Under different microorganisms and treatment modes, the degradation process of the mulching film is obviously influenced. It can be known from the combination of tables 1 and 2 that the variation trend of soil microorganisms and enzyme activity is similar to the variation trend of degradation rate of mulching film under different treatments, which indicates that the difference of soil microorganism activity caused by different treatments may be the main reason of the difference of biodegradation rate of mulching film.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented, and the above-mentioned embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for controlling the degradation speed of an agricultural biodegradable mulching film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
spraying wood vinegar on the same day as laying the mulching film, spraying the microbial agent A after 12-96 h, and spraying the sodium alginate solution after 24-60 h, so as to slow down the biodegradation speed of the mulching film;
spraying clear water after the use of the mulching film is finished, spraying a starch solution and a microbial agent B after 12-96 hours, and sprinkling wood powder after 24-60 hours to accelerate the biodegradation speed of the mulching film;
the microbial agent A is selected from one of saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum and arthrobacter globiformis; the microbial agent B is selected from one of trichoderma koningii, trichoderma viride and aspergillus oryzae.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 0.5-2%; the microbial agent A or the microbial bacteriaThe concentration of agent B is 1X 10 8 ～5×10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 5-10%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 10-20%.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 0.5%; the concentration of the microbial agent A or the microbial agent B is 1 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 5%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 10%.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 1%; the concentration of the microbial agent A or the microbial agent B is 3 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 6%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 12%.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass concentration of the pyroligneous acid is 2%; the concentration of the microbial agent A or the microbial agent B is 5 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/g; the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 10%; the mass concentration of the starch solution is 20%.
6. Use of the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 for controlling the degradation of biodegradable mulch for agricultural use.
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2022
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