CN114850020A - Bionic cleaning wheel and pepper cleaning and separating device and pepper harvester - Google Patents
Bionic cleaning wheel and pepper cleaning and separating device and pepper harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850020A CN114850020A CN202210478492.XA CN202210478492A CN114850020A CN 114850020 A CN114850020 A CN 114850020A CN 202210478492 A CN202210478492 A CN 202210478492A CN 114850020 A CN114850020 A CN 114850020A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
- B07B1/14—Roller screens
- B07B1/15—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
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Abstract
The invention provides a bionic cleaning wheel and pepper cleaning and separating device and a pepper harvester, which comprise an imitated thumb cleaning wheel, an imitated forefinger cleaning wheel, an imitated middle finger cleaning wheel, an imitated ring finger cleaning wheel and an imitated little finger cleaning wheel; each bionic cleaning wheel is provided with a plurality of bionic poking teeth. According to the invention, the bionic design of the appearance of the simulated five fingers is carried out on the bionic poking teeth, and the bending curvature of the bionic poking teeth simulates the bending curvature of the fingers when pepper is cleaned, separated and flattened; simulating the appearance of the inner and outer three-dimensional curved surfaces of five fingers of a human hand, and performing bionic design on the poking tooth characteristic curved surface of the bionic cleaning wheel; the five fingers of the hand of the person of the imitation are arranged, the arrangement scheme of the cleaning wheels in the cleaning and separating device is designed, and the first cleaning roller and the second cleaning roller are arranged in sequence along the square shaft axial direction of the cleaning rollers from the thumb to the little thumb according to the distribution mode of the fingers of the hand of the person, and are arranged in parallel and in sequence alternately at intervals. The invention is convenient for pepper fruits to leak, improves the separation rate of the pepper, reduces the damage rate of the fruits and reduces the blocking condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering bionics, and particularly relates to a bionic cleaning wheel, a pepper cleaning and separating device and a pepper harvester.
Background
The pepper has rich nutritive value, is one of the essential vegetables on dining tables in China and is one of the important economic crops of more provinces in China. The current pepper harvesting mainly comprises mechanical harvesting and manual picking, and the pepper harvesting cost of the mechanical harvesting is greatly reduced compared with the manual picking cost. At present, mechanized harvesting begins to be popularized and used in most areas of China, pepper harvesters of various forms appear in the market, but research on a core component, namely a cleaning and separating device of the pepper harvester is less, the pepper cleaning and separating device on the market at present has the problems of higher pepper cleaning impurity rate, low pepper fruit separation rate and blockage of the device when the feeding amount of pepper mixture is too much, so that the pepper quality is reduced, cleaned pepper products still need to be manually subjected to further cleaning auxiliary operation, and the mechanized harvesting of peppers is not really realized. In order to reduce the labor cost required by pepper harvesting and improve the mechanization level of pepper harvesting, a device for effectively solving the problems encountered by the existing pepper cleaning and separating is urgently needed to improve the overall performance of a pepper harvester.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a bionic cleaning wheel, a pepper cleaning and separating device and a pepper harvester.
The fingers of both hands of a person play an important role in cleaning, separating and flattening accumulated crops. The five fingers of the human hand are different, the middle finger is the longest, the index finger and the ring finger are the second, and the thumb and the little finger are the shortest, and the parabola structure with the middle height and the lower ends is beneficial to spreading out the deposits. The characteristic appearance of the five fingers can ensure that the resistance encountered during the cleaning, separating and spreading of crops is smaller, the crops can smoothly pass through the finger gaps, and the damage to the crops can be reduced. In addition, when the five fingers are bent, the piled objects can be pushed backwards more easily. Therefore, the invention adopts the engineering bionics technology, applies the characteristics of the fingers of the human hand to the cleaning and separation of the peppers, is favorable for quickly spreading the fed pepper mixture, enables the pepper stems to be discharged out of the machine more quickly, reduces the blocking condition when the feeding amount is excessive, reduces the power consumption of cleaning and separating the peppers, reduces the damage rate of pepper fruits, facilitates the pepper fruits to smoothly fall from the gaps of the cleaning wheels, and improves the separation rate of the peppers.
The invention adopts the three-dimensional laser scanner to scan the fingers of the human hand, and point cloud data of the fingers are obtained. Through a series of processing work in Geomagic Studio, a smooth and soft three-dimensional model of the finger is finally obtained.
The invention is based on the engineering bionic principle, adopts the engineering bionic technology, and takes the appearance of the five fingers of the human hand and the motion posture of the cooperative cooperation of the multiple fingers as the bionic prototype when the pepper is cleaned, separated and flattened manually. Firstly, carrying out bionic design of human-like five-finger appearance on a cleaning wheel shifting tooth, wherein the bending curvature of the cleaning wheel shifting tooth simulates the bending curvature of human fingers when cleaning, separating and flattening hot peppers; secondly, simulating the appearance of the inner and outer three-dimensional curved surfaces of five fingers of a human hand, and performing bionic design on the poking tooth characteristic curved surface of the bionic cleaning wheel; and finally, simulating the arrangement of five fingers of a human hand, designing an arrangement scheme of the cleaning wheels in the cleaning and separating device, and sequentially arranging the fingers from thumb to little finger along the square shaft of the cleaning roller in the axial direction according to the distribution mode of the fingers of the human hand.
The bionic cleaning wheel and the pepper cleaning and separating device can reduce the blockage of peppers in the cleaning and separating process after the complete harvesting and picking of the machine, reduce the power consumption of the device, effectively reduce the impurity rate and the loss rate of the peppers cleaned and separated by the existing pepper cleaning and separating device, and reduce the pepper harvesting cost. The bionic pepper cleaning and separating device can be used for cleaning peppers of different varieties.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a bionic cleaning wheel comprises an imitated thumb cleaning wheel, an imitated forefinger cleaning wheel, an imitated middle finger cleaning wheel, an imitated ring finger cleaning wheel and an imitated little finger cleaning wheel;
the artificial thumb cleaning wheel, the artificial forefinger cleaning wheel, the artificial middle finger cleaning wheel, the artificial ring finger cleaning wheel and the artificial little finger cleaning wheel are respectively provided with a bionic cleaning wheel base body; the bionic cleaning wheel is provided with a plurality of bionic thumb poking teeth arranged on the circumference of the bionic cleaning wheel base body; the index finger-imitating cleaning wheel is provided with a plurality of bionic index finger poking teeth arranged on the circumference of the bionic cleaning wheel base body; the simulated middle finger cleaning wheel is provided with a plurality of simulated middle finger pushing teeth arranged on the circumference of the bionic cleaning wheel base body; the bionic cleaning wheel is provided with a plurality of bionic thumb poking teeth arranged on the circumference of the bionic cleaning wheel base body; the forefinger-imitating cleaning wheel and the ring finger-imitating cleaning wheel have the same structure.
In the above scheme, the bending curvature curve equations of the bionic thumb shifting tooth, the bionic index finger shifting tooth, the bionic middle finger shifting tooth and the bionic little finger shifting tooth are as follows:
y＝-0.0313x 2 +2.6204x +7.1547, where x is 0 ≦ 60 and R2 ═ 0.9694.
In the above scheme, the excircle diameter proportion that imitative thumb cleaning wheel, imitative forefinger cleaning wheel, imitative middle finger cleaning wheel, imitative ring finger cleaning wheel, imitative little finger cleaning wheel rotatory formation respectively is 1: 1.1: 1.2: 1.1: 1.
in the scheme, the bionic thumb poking tooth is provided with a bionic thumb outer curved surface and a bionic thumb inner curved surface;
the outer curved surface of the bionic thumb meets the following requirements:
z＝40.24+9.17x+0.35y-6.7x 2 -0.36xy-6.47y 2 +1.63x 3 +0.18x 2 y+2.98xy 2 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.998;
the bionic thumb inner curved surface meets the following requirements:
z＝1.77+2.87x-11.82y-0.017y 2 -0.006x 3 -0.02x 2 -0.05xy 2 +0.0002x 4 +0.001x 2 y 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Was 0.9814.
In the scheme, the bionic index finger poking tooth is provided with a bionic index finger outer curved surface and a bionic index finger inner curved surface;
the bionic index finger outer curved surface meets the following requirements:
z＝57.45-0.93x-0.31y+0.031x 2 +0.093xy+0.0144y 2 -0.0007x 3 -0.0046xy 2 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 45, y is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to-10, R 2 0.9787;
the bionic index finger inner curved surface meets the following requirements:
z＝72.75-2.96x-6.9y+0.11x 2 +0.325xy+0.85y 2 -0.01x 2 y-0.02xy 2 -0.05y 3 +0.001y 4
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 45, y is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to-10, R 2 Is 0.99.
In the above scheme, the bionic middle finger poking tooth is provided with a bionic middle finger outer curved surface and a bionic middle finger inner curved surface;
the bionic middle finger outer curved surface meets the following requirements:
z＝36.24+2.19x+0.01y-0.056x 2 -0.0007xy-0.245y 2 -0.0005x 3 +0.0047xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 50, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.9987;
the bionic middle finger inner curved surface meets the following requirements:
z＝31.78+19.78x+0.1372y-4.712x 2 -0.024xy+6.31y 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 50, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.999.
In the scheme, the bionic little finger poking tooth is provided with a bionic little finger outer curved surface and a bionic little finger inner curved surface;
the outer curved surface of the bionic little finger meets the following requirements:
z＝38.02+6.31x-0.006y-7.29x 2 -0.022xy-5.314y 2 +2.24x 3 -0.005x 2 +3.55xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 0.9668;
the bionic little finger inner curved surface meets the following requirements:
z＝18.1+11.34x+0.103y-3.3x 2 -0.134xy+4.33y 2 +1.35x 3 +0.176x 2 y-3.31xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.9972.
A pepper cleaning and separating device comprises the bionic cleaning wheel, a plurality of first cleaning and separating rollers, a plurality of second cleaning and separating rollers and a transmission mechanism;
the first cleaning and separating roller and the second cleaning and separating roller are arranged in parallel and are sequentially and alternately arranged at intervals; the first cleaning and separating roller and the second cleaning and separating roller respectively comprise cleaning roller square shafts, and the bionic cleaning wheel is arranged on the cleaning roller square shafts; the bionic cleaning wheels are characterized in that an imitated thumb cleaning wheel, an imitated forefinger cleaning wheel, an imitated middle finger cleaning wheel, an imitated ring finger cleaning wheel and an imitated small thumb cleaning wheel are sequentially arranged along the square shaft of the cleaning roller at equal intervals; imitative thumb cleaning wheel, imitative forefinger cleaning wheel, imitative well finger cleaning wheel, imitative ring finger cleaning wheel and the imitative little finger cleaning wheel staggered arrangement between adjacent first cleaning separation roller and the second cleaning separation roller, just the imitative thumb cleaning wheel of first cleaning separation roller is less than the average diameter of hot pepper with the distance W1 of the imitative thumb cleaning wheel of second cleaning separation roller, and the imitative thumb cleaning wheel of second cleaning separation roller is greater than the average length of hot pepper fruit and is less than the average length of stem stalk with the distance W2 of the imitative forefinger cleaning wheel of first cleaning separation roller.
Among the above-mentioned scheme, imitative thumb is cleaned the wheel, is cleaned the wheel in imitative forefinger, is cleaned the wheel in imitative ring finger and is cleaned and be equipped with spacer sleeve one between the wheel in imitative little finger respectively, and spacer sleeve one set is established on cleaning roller square shaft, and the end of first separation roller is cleaned and is equipped with spacer sleeve two rather than imitative little finger between cleaning the wheel, and the front end that the separation roller was cleaned to the second is cleaned rather than imitative thumb and is cleaned and be equipped with spacer sleeve two between the wheel, and the length of spacer sleeve one is greater than the length of spacer sleeve two.
A hot pepper harvester comprises the hot pepper cleaning and separating device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention imitates the three-dimensional appearance of five fingers of a human body, adopts the finger-imitating cleaning wheels to replace the traditional star-shaped or square plate wheels, is convenient for pepper fruits to leak, is beneficial to pushing pepper stems remained on the cleaning wheels to be discharged out of the machine, improves the separation rate of pepper and reduces the power consumption of the device; on the arrangement, each bionical cleaning wheel is according to the distribution mode of people's hand finger, follow the thumb-little finger and follow cleaning roller square shaft axial arrangement in proper order, first cleaning roller and second cleaning roller parallel arrangement, and alternate interval arrangement in proper order, the design of these arrangement can shakeout the hot pepper mixture well, reduce and block up, make the fruit in the hot pepper mixture leak down more smoothly and fall into the case that gathers materials, and the stem stalk is then stayed on cleaning the wheel face, along with the wheel and the interact between the wheel and the wheel outside the discharge machine, impurity rate when reducing the hot pepper and cleaning the separation, improve hot pepper fruit separation rate. The pepper separator provided by the invention realizes the impurity reduction and anti-blocking targets during pepper cleaning and separation, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in maintenance and wide market application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a first cleaning roll in a pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a second cleaning roll in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a bionic thumb cleaning wheel in a pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a bionic food innominate cleaning wheel in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a bionic middle finger cleaning wheel in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a bionic little finger cleaning wheel in a pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a cleaning wheel of a pepper cleaning and separating device simulating thumb shifting teeth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a cleaning wheel of a pepper cleaning and separating device, showing the ring finger teeth of a bionic food, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a cleaning wheel in a pepper cleaning and separating device of an embodiment of the present invention simulating a middle finger poking tooth;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a cleaning wheel of a pepper cleaning and separating device of an embodiment of the present invention simulating a thumb-poking tooth;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the outer bionic curved surface of the bionic thumb-shift tooth in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a bionic curved surface inside a bionic thumb poking tooth in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a bionic curved surface outside a finger-shaped pawl of a bionic food in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a bionic curved surface inside a bionic food ring finger tooth in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a bionic curved surface outside a bionic middle finger-pointing tooth in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of a bionic curved surface inside a bionic middle finger-thumb tooth in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of a bionic curved surface outside a bionic thumb poking tooth in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of a bionic curved surface inside a bionic thumb poking tooth in the pepper cleaning and separating device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 21 is a front view of a cleaning wheel of a pepper cleaning and separating device of an embodiment of the present invention simulating a middle finger poking tooth;
fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a cleaning, separating and simulating motion trajectory of pepper, wherein the left side is a bionic wheel + staggered centrally-arranged simulating motion trajectory of the invention, and the right side is a star wheel + staggered centrally-arranged simulating motion trajectory of the prior art.
In the drawing, 1 is a driving chain wheel, 2 is a belt vertical bearing seat, 3 is a first cleaning roller, 4 is a chain, 5 is a second cleaning roller, 3-1 is a cleaning roller square shaft, 3-2 is an imitated thumb cleaning wheel, 3-3 is an imitated forefinger cleaning wheel, 3-4 is an imitated middle finger cleaning wheel, 3-5 is an imitated little finger cleaning wheel, 3-6 is a spacer sleeve I, 3-7 is a spacer sleeve II, 3-8 is a cotter pin, 3-9 is a bionic finger bending curvature curve, and 3-10 is an imitated ring finger cleaning wheel; 3-2-1 is a bionic thumb poking tooth, 3-2-2 is a bionic cleaning wheel base body, 3-2-1-1 is a bionic thumb outer curved surface, 3-2-1-2 is a bionic thumb inner curved surface, 3-3-1 is a bionic forefinger poking tooth, 3-3-1-1 is a bionic forefinger outer curved surface, 3-3-1-2 is a bionic forefinger inner curved surface, 3-4-1 is a bionic middle finger poking tooth, 3-4-1-1 is a bionic middle finger outer curved surface, 3-4-1-2 is a bionic middle finger inner curved surface, 3-5-1 is a bionic small thumb poking tooth, 3-5-1-1 is a bionic small thumb outer curved surface, and 3-5-1-2 is a bionic small thumb inner curved surface.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example 1
As shown in the combined figure 5-8, the bionic cleaning wheel comprises an imitated thumb cleaning wheel 3-2, an imitated forefinger cleaning wheel 3-3, an imitated middle finger cleaning wheel 3-4, an imitated ring finger cleaning wheel 3-10 and an imitated little finger cleaning wheel 3-5; the simulated thumb cleaning wheel 3-2, the simulated forefinger cleaning wheel 3-3, the simulated middle finger cleaning wheel 3-4, the simulated ring finger cleaning wheel and the simulated little finger cleaning wheel 3-5 are respectively provided with a bionic cleaning wheel matrix 3-2-2; the simulated thumb cleaning wheel 3-2 is provided with a plurality of simulated thumb poking teeth 3-2-1 which are arranged on the circumference of the simulated cleaning wheel matrix 3-2-2; the index finger-imitating cleaning wheel 3-3 is provided with a plurality of bionic index finger poking teeth 3-3-1 arranged on the circumference of a bionic cleaning wheel matrix 3-2-2; the simulated middle-finger cleaning wheel 3-4 is provided with a plurality of simulated middle-finger shifting teeth 3-4-1 which are arranged on the circumference of a simulated cleaning wheel matrix 3-2-2; the simulated small-finger cleaning wheel 3-5 is provided with a plurality of simulated small-finger shifting teeth 3-5-1 which are arranged on the circumference of a bionic cleaning wheel matrix 3-2-2; because the three-dimensional shapes and the motion postures of the forefinger and the ring finger are similar when the hands are used for cleaning and separating crops, the structures of the forefinger-imitating cleaning wheel 3-3 and the ring finger-imitating cleaning wheel 3-10 are the same in the embodiment.
With reference to fig. 21, the bending curvature curves of the bionic thumb shifting tooth 3-2-1, the bionic forefinger shifting tooth 3-3-1, the bionic middle finger shifting tooth 3-4-1, the bionic ring finger cleaning wheel 3-10 and the bionic little finger shifting tooth 3-5-1 are determined based on the bending curvature of the fingers during artificial cleaning of crops, and the bending curvature curve 3-9 equation satisfies the following conditions:
y＝-0.0313x 2 +2.6204x +7.1547, where x is 0 ≦ 60 and R2 ═ 0.9694.
The diameter proportion of an excircle formed by the respective rotation of the thumb-imitating cleaning wheel 3-2, the forefinger-imitating cleaning wheel 3-3, the middle-finger-imitating cleaning wheel 3-4, the ring finger-imitating cleaning wheel 3-10 and the little-finger-imitating cleaning wheel 3-5 is 1: 1.1: 1.2: 1.1: 1.
the bionic thumb shifting tooth 3-2-1, the bionic forefinger shifting tooth 3-3-1, the bionic middle finger shifting tooth 3-4-1, the bionic ring finger cleaning wheel 3-10 and the bionic small thumb shifting tooth 3-5-1 are inner and outer three-dimensional contour curved surfaces simulating five fingers of a human body, and the bionic artificial crop sorting and flattening device comprises an outer bionic curved surface and an inner bionic curved surface based on three-dimensional shape bionic design of the five fingers when the human body cleans and flattens crops. Because the three-dimensional shapes of the index finger and the ring finger are similar, the same surface equation is used for description. The two three-dimensional curved surfaces take x and y as independent variables and z as dependent variables, and the fitting equations of the three-dimensional curved surfaces are respectively as follows:
with reference to fig. 9, 13 and 14, the bionic thumb poking tooth 3-2-1 is provided with a bionic thumb outer curved surface 3-2-1-1 and a bionic thumb inner curved surface 3-2-1-2,
the bionic thumb outer curved surface 3-2-1-1 meets the following requirements:
z＝40.24+9.17x+0.35y-6.7x 2 -0.36xy-6.47y 2 +1.63x 3 +0.18x 2 y+2.98xy 2 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.998;
the bionic thumb inner curved surface 3-2-1-2 meets the following requirements:
z＝1.77+2.87x-11.82y-0.017y 2 -0.006x 3 -0.02x 2 -0.05xy 2 +0.0002x 4 +0.001x 2 y 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.9814;
with reference to FIGS. 10, 15 and 16, the bionic index finger poking tooth 3-3-1 is provided with a bionic index finger outer curved surface 3-3-1-1 and a bionic index finger inner curved surface 3-3-1-2,
the bionic outer curved surface 3-3-1-1 of the forefinger meets the following requirements:
z＝57.45-0.93x-0.31y+0.031x 2 +0.093xy+0.0144y 2 -0.0007x 3 -0.0046xy 2 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 45, y is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to-10, R 2 0.9787;
the bionic index finger inner curved surface 3-3-1-2 meets the following requirements:
z＝72.75-2.96x-6.9y+0.11x 2 +0.325xy+0.85y 2 -0.01x 2 y-0.02xy 2 -0.05y 3 +0.001y 4 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 45, y is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to-10, R 2 Is 0.99;
with reference to fig. 11, 17 and 18, the bionic middle finger poking tooth 3-4-1 is provided with a bionic middle finger outer curved surface 3-4-1-1 and a bionic middle finger inner curved surface 3-4-1-2,
the bionic middle finger outer curved surface 3-4-1-1 meets the following requirements:
z＝36.24+2.19x+0.01y-0.056x 2 -0.0007xy-0.245y 2 -0.0005x 3 +0.0047xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 50, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.9987;
the bionic middle-finger inner curved surface 3-4-1-2 meets the following requirements:
z＝31.78+19.78x+0.1372y-4.712x 2 -0.024xy+6.31y 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 50, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.999;
with reference to fig. 12, 19 and 20, the bionic little finger poking tooth 3-5-1 is provided with a bionic little finger outer curved surface 3-5-1-1 and a bionic little finger inner curved surface 3-5-1-2,
the outer curved surface 3-5-1-1 of the bionic little finger meets the following requirements:
z＝38.02+6.31x-0.006y-7.29x 2 -0.022xy-5.314y 2 +2.24x 3 -0.005x 2 +3.55xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 0.9668;
the bionic little finger inner curved surface 3-5-1-2 meets the following requirements:
z＝18.1+11.34x+0.103y-3.3x 2 -0.134xy+4.33y 2 +1.35x 3 +0.176x 2 y-3.31xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.9972.
The bionic cleaning wheel is made of natural rubber, so that the damage rate of the cleaning wheel to pepper fruits is reduced.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 1-4, a pepper cleaning and separating device comprises a bionic cleaning wheel in the embodiment 1, and a plurality of first cleaning and separating rollers 3, second cleaning and separating rollers 5 and a transmission mechanism.
The first cleaning and separating roller 3 and the second cleaning and separating roller 5 are arranged in parallel and are arranged alternately in sequence; the first cleaning and separating roller 3 and the second cleaning and separating roller 5 respectively comprise cleaning roller square shafts, and the bionic cleaning wheel is arranged on the cleaning roller square shafts; the bionic cleaning wheels are characterized in that the thumb-imitating cleaning wheels 3-2, the forefinger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-3, the middle-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-4, the ring-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-10 and the little-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-5 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the square shaft of the cleaning roller at equal intervals, and the spacing distance between every two adjacent cleaning wheels can be determined by the size of the harvested pepper variety. The artificial thumb cleaning wheels 3-2, the artificial forefinger cleaning wheels 3-3, the artificial middle finger cleaning wheels 3-4, the artificial ring finger cleaning wheels 3-10 and the artificial little finger cleaning wheels 3-5 between the adjacent first cleaning separation rollers 3 and the second cleaning separation rollers 5 are arranged in a staggered mode, the distance W1 between the artificial thumb cleaning wheels 3-2 of the first cleaning separation rollers 3 and the artificial thumb cleaning wheels 3-2 of the second cleaning separation rollers 5 is smaller than the average diameter of hot pepper, the distance W2 between the artificial thumb cleaning wheels 3-2 of the second cleaning separation rollers 3 and the artificial forefinger cleaning wheels 3-3 of the first cleaning separation rollers 5 is larger than the average length of hot pepper fruits and smaller than the average length of stems, and the hot pepper fruits and stems can be separated thoroughly by the arrangement scheme, and the separation rate of the hot pepper fruits is improved.
According to the embodiment, preferably, spacing sleeves I3-6 are respectively arranged among the thumb-imitating cleaning wheels 3-2, the forefinger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-3, the middle-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-4, the ring-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-10 and the little-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-5, the spacing sleeves I3-6 are sleeved on the cleaning roller square shafts, spacing sleeves II 3-7 are arranged between the tail ends of the first cleaning and separating rollers 3 and the little-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-5, spacing sleeves II 3-7 are arranged between the front ends of the second cleaning and separating rollers 5 and the big-finger-imitating cleaning wheels 3-2, and the length of the spacing sleeves I3-6 is greater than that of the spacing sleeves II 3-7.
According to the optimization of the embodiment, the first cleaning and separating roller 3 is installed and fixed on the bearing 2 with the vertical seat, and the driving chain wheel 1 and the chain 4 of the transmission mechanism are utilized to realize the rotary motion through the driving mechanism; the second cleaning and separating roller 5 is installed and fixed on the bearing 2 with the vertical seat, can be connected with the first cleaning and separating roller 3 through a driving chain wheel 1 and a chain 4 of a transmission mechanism, and is driven by the first cleaning and separating roller 3 to realize rotary motion; the adjacent cleaning wheel roller sets are driven in a primary-level chain transmission mode, so that the cleaning wheel roller sets can be maintained and replaced quickly when a certain chain is in a problem.
According to the optimization of the embodiment, the shape of the cleaning wheel center hole on the cleaning wheel roller and the cleaning wheel shaft 3-1 is square, so that the circumferential positioning of the cleaning wheel is convenient.
According to the optimization of the embodiment, the lengths of the first spacing sleeve 3-5 and the second spacing sleeve 3-7 on the cleaning wheel roller are determined by the distance between the adjacent cleaning wheels, and when different varieties of peppers are harvested, the distance between the adjacent cleaning wheels can be changed by replacing the spacing sleeves with different lengths, so that the requirement of better cleaning and separating effects on the peppers of different varieties is met.
The working principle and the process of the pepper cleaning and separating device are as follows:
the bionic cleaning wheel is characterized in that the thumb-imitated cleaning wheel 3-2, the forefinger-imitated cleaning wheel 3-3, the middle-finger-imitated cleaning wheel 3-4, the ring-finger-imitated cleaning wheel 3-10 and the small-thumb-imitated cleaning wheel 3-5 are assembled through a central square hole and a cleaning roller square shaft 3-1, so that the circumferential positioning of the bionic cleaning wheel is realized, and the axial distance required by the adjacent cleaning wheel on the cleaning roller is realized through the first spacer sleeve 3-6 and the second spacer sleeve 3-7. The first cleaning rollers 3 and the second cleaning rollers 5 are sequentially staggered along the axial direction of the bearing seat 2, and the simulated thumb cleaning wheel 3-2, the simulated forefinger cleaning wheel 3-3, the simulated middle finger cleaning wheel 3-4, the simulated ring finger cleaning wheel 3-10 and the simulated small finger cleaning wheel 3-5 between the adjacent first cleaning separation rollers 3 and the second cleaning separation rollers 5 are staggered, and the distance W1 between the thumb-like cleaning wheel 3-2 of the first cleaning and separating roller 3 and the thumb-like cleaning wheel 3-2 of the second cleaning and separating roller 5 is smaller than the average diameter fruit of the pepper and can not fall from the average diameter fruit to cause blockage, and the distance W2 between the thumb-like cleaning wheel 3-2 of the second cleaning and separating roller 3-3 of the first cleaning and separating roller 5 is larger than the average length of the pepper fruit and smaller than the average length of the stalks. When the cleaning device works, the first cleaning roller 3 connected with the driving chain wheel 1 is driven by a motor to perform pivoting motion at a set speed, and the adjacent cleaning rollers are driven to perform pivoting motion through the chain transmission of a primary level. The bionic cleaning wheel rotating at a high speed is contacted with the fed pepper mixture, so that the stacked pepper mixture is flattened towards two ends, and the mixture is pushed to move forwards. In the process, gaps between adjacent bionic cleaning wheels in a rotating state form grid-shaped spaces, and because the distance W2 of the grid-shaped spaces is greater than the average length of the pepper fruits and less than the average length of the stalks, the pepper fruits fall from the grid-shaped spaces, and the stalks are left on the grid-shaped spaces and are discharged out of the machine along with the interaction of the cleaning wheels.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a cleaning and separating test on a pepper mixture by using EDEM discrete element simulation software, setting parameters such as materials and physical properties in the pepper mixture after introducing a pepper cleaning and separating device grid model, carrying out particle modeling on the basis of material research, creating a particle factory, setting and generating 800 pepper fruits and 120 stalks. Comparing the arrangement of the bionic cleaning wheels and the device with the existing universal star-shaped cleaning wheels and staggered arrangement, after a plurality of groups of discrete element simulation tests are arranged, combining a graph 22-the movement track of the pepper mixture in the cleaning and separating device in the EDEM simulation test, the graph randomly intercepts the movement tracks of the pepper mixture in the device at 3s, 10s and 15s in the EDEM discrete element simulation test, wherein the left side is the bionic cleaning wheels and the staggered centrally arranged simulation movement track of the invention, and the right side is the star-shaped wheels and the staggered centrally arranged simulation movement track commonly used in the prior art, so that compared with the existing universal star-shaped cleaning wheels, the bionic cleaning wheels of the invention are convenient for pepper fruits to leak downwards, can not be piled on the cleaning wheel plane, are beneficial to pushing pepper stems left on the cleaning wheel plane to be discharged outside the machine, and reduce the occurrence of blockage, the separation rate of the hot pepper is improved. Pepper separation rate and impurity rate data in different cleaning and separating forms are obtained by means of the Grid Bin Group function in the EDEM discrete element simulation software post-processing, and are shown in tables 1 and 2. As shown in tables 1 and 2, compared with a universal star wheel, the bionic cleaning wheel provided by the invention improves the separation rate of pepper fruits, but brings a small increase of the impurity rate of pepper; compared with a universal staggered and centered arrangement mode, the arrangement mode of the cleaning wheels imitating the hands provided by the invention can reduce the pepper stalks from leaking to the collecting hopper and obviously reduce the impurity rate of the peppers. According to simulation test data, the bionic cleaning wheel and the pepper cleaning and separating device have good effects on cleaning and separating pepper.
TABLE 1 comparison of Pepper separation Rate based on different cleaning and separation modalities of EDEM
TABLE 2 comparison of pepper impurity content in different cleaning and separating modes based on EDEM
The invention takes human fingers as a bionic prototype, designs a bionic cleaning wheel from the aspects of three-dimensional appearance, motion posture and the like, extracts the three-dimensional appearance of five fingers of a human and applies the three-dimensional appearance to the design of the poking teeth of the cleaning wheel; the utility model provides a selection wheel arrangement scheme based on motion gesture when people's hand is selected, is shakeout crops, five fingers bending cooperation when people's both hands are selected, are shakeout crops promptly, form claw shape. The invention imitates the three-dimensional appearance of five fingers in structure, adopts the finger-imitating cleaning wheel to replace the traditional star-shaped or square plate wheel, is convenient for pepper fruits to leak, is beneficial to pushing pepper stems left on the cleaning wheel plane to be discharged out of the machine, improves the separation rate of pepper and reduces the power consumption of the device; in the arrangement mode, the five-finger movement posture of a human hand during cleaning and dredging of crops is simulated, the bionic cleaning wheels are sequentially arranged along the square shaft of the star wheel from the thumb to the small thumb according to the distribution mode of the fingers of the human hand, and the first cleaning roller and the second cleaning roller are arranged in parallel and are sequentially arranged alternately at intervals. The pepper mixture can be well flattened by the combination of the arrangement modes, the blockage problem is avoided, fruits in the pepper mixture can well fall into the collecting box smoothly in a downward leakage mode, the stems are left on the cleaning wheel surface and are discharged out of the machine along with the interaction between the wheels, the impurity rate of pepper during cleaning and separation is reduced, the pepper fruit separation rate is improved, impurities are reduced and blockage is prevented during cleaning and separation of the peppers, and the pepper separating device is simple in structure, convenient to maintain and wide in market application prospect.
Example 3
A pepper harvester comprises the pepper cleaning and separating device in the embodiment 2, so that the pepper harvester has the beneficial effects, and the description is omitted.
It should be understood that although the specification has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes every single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the specification as a whole can be combined as appropriate to form additional embodiments as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A bionic cleaning wheel is characterized by comprising an imitated thumb cleaning wheel (3-2), an imitated forefinger cleaning wheel (3-3), an imitated middle finger cleaning wheel (3-4), an imitated ring finger cleaning wheel (3-10) and an imitated little finger cleaning wheel (3-5);
the simulated thumb cleaning wheel (3-2), the simulated forefinger cleaning wheel (3-3), the simulated middle finger cleaning wheel (3-4), the simulated ring finger cleaning wheel and the simulated little finger cleaning wheel (3-5) are respectively provided with a bionic cleaning wheel base body (3-2-2); the simulated thumb cleaning wheel (3-2) is provided with a plurality of simulated thumb poking teeth (3-2-1) which are arranged on the circumference of the simulated cleaning wheel base body (3-2-2); the index finger-imitating cleaning wheel (3-3) is provided with a plurality of index finger-imitating poking teeth (3-3-1) arranged on the circumference of the bionic cleaning wheel matrix (3-2-2); the simulated middle finger cleaning wheel (3-4) is provided with a plurality of simulated middle finger poking teeth (3-4-1) which are arranged on the circumference of the simulated cleaning wheel base body (3-2-2); the bionic little-finger cleaning wheel (3-5) is provided with a plurality of bionic little-finger shifting teeth (3-5-1) which are arranged on the circumference of the bionic cleaning wheel base body (3-2-2); the forefinger-imitating cleaning wheels (3-3) and the ring finger-imitating cleaning wheels (3-10) have the same structure.
2. A bionic cleaning wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bending curvature curve equations of the bionic thumb poking tooth (3-2-1), the bionic index finger poking tooth (3-3-1), the bionic middle finger poking tooth (3-4-1) and the bionic little finger poking tooth (3-5-1) are:
y＝-0.0313x 2 +2.6204x +7.1547, where x is 0 ≦ 60 and R2 ═ 0.9694.
3. A bionic cleaning wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer circle diameter proportion formed by respective rotation of the thumb-like cleaning wheel (3-2), the forefinger-like cleaning wheel (3-3), the middle-finger-like cleaning wheel (3-4), the ring-finger-like cleaning wheel (3-10) and the little-finger-like cleaning wheel (3-5) is 1: 1.1: 1.2: 1.1: 1.
4. a bionic cleaning wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bionic thumb poking tooth (3-2-1) has a bionic thumb outer curved surface (3-2-1-1) and a bionic thumb inner curved surface (3-2-1-2);
the bionic thumb external curved surface (3-2-1-1) meets the following requirements:
z＝40.24+9.17x+0.35y-6.7x 2 -0.36xy-6.47y 2 +1.63x 3 +0.18x 2 y+2.98xy 2 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.998;
the bionic thumb inner curved surface (3-2-1-2) meets the following requirements:
z＝1.77+2.87x-11.82y-0.017y 2 -0.006x 3 -0.02x 2 -0.05xy 2 +0.0002x 4 +0.001x 2 y 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Was 0.9814.
5. A bionic cleaning wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bionic index finger poking tooth (3-3-1) has a bionic index finger outer curved surface (3-3-1-1) and a bionic index finger inner curved surface (3-3-1-2);
the bionic index finger outer curved surface (3-3-1-1) meets the following requirements:
z＝57.45-0.93x-0.31y+0.031x 2 +0.093xy+0.0144y 2 -0.0007x 3 -0.0046xy 2 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 45, y is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to-10, R 2 0.9787;
the bionic index finger inner curved surface (3-3-1-2) meets the following requirements:
z＝72.75-2.96x-6.9y+0.11x 2 +0.325xy+0.85y 2 -0.01x 2 y-0.02xy 2 -0.05y 3 +0.001y 4 ，
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 45, y is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to-10, R 2 Is 0.99.
6. A bionic cleaning wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bionic middle finger poking teeth (3-4-1) have a bionic middle finger outer curved surface (3-4-1-1) and a bionic middle finger inner curved surface (3-4-1-2);
the bionic middle finger outer curved surface (3-4-1-1) meets the following requirements:
z＝36.24+2.19x+0.01y-0.056x 2 -0.0007xy-0.245y 2 -0.0005x 3 +0.0047xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 50, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.9987;
the bionic middle-finger inner curved surface (3-4-1-2) meets the following requirements:
z＝31.78+19.78x+0.1372y-4.712x 2 -0.024xy+6.31y 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 50, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.999.
7. A bionic cleaning wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bionic little finger poking tooth (3-5-1) is provided with a bionic little finger outer curved surface (3-5-1-1) and a bionic little finger inner curved surface (3-5-1-2);
the outer curved surface (3-5-1-1) of the bionic little finger meets the following requirements:
z＝38.02+6.31x-0.006y-7.29x 2 -0.022xy-5.314y 2 +2.24x 3 -0.005x 2 +3.55xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 0.9668;
the bionic little finger inner curved surface (3-5-1-2) meets the following requirements:
z＝18.1+11.34x+0.103y-3.3x 2 -0.134xy+4.33y 2 +1.35x 3 +0.176x 2 y-3.31xy 2
wherein x is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 40, y is more than or equal to-10 and less than or equal to 10, R 2 Is 0.9972.
8. A pepper cleaning and separating device, characterized by comprising a bionic cleaning wheel according to any one of claims 1-7, and a plurality of first cleaning and separating rollers (3), second cleaning and separating rollers (5) and a transmission mechanism;
the first cleaning and separating roller (3) and the second cleaning and separating roller (5) are arranged in parallel and are arranged alternately in sequence; the first cleaning and separating roller (3) and the second cleaning and separating roller (5) respectively comprise cleaning roller square shafts, and the bionic cleaning wheel is arranged on the cleaning roller square shafts (3-1); the bionic cleaning wheels are characterized in that an imitated thumb cleaning wheel (3-2), an imitated forefinger cleaning wheel (3-3), an imitated middle finger cleaning wheel (3-4), an imitated ring finger cleaning wheel (3-10) and an imitated small thumb cleaning wheel (3-5) are sequentially arranged along the square shaft of the cleaning roller at equal intervals; the artificial thumb cleaning wheels (3-2), the artificial forefinger cleaning wheels (3-3), the artificial middle finger cleaning wheels (3-4), the artificial ring finger cleaning wheels (3-10) and the artificial little finger cleaning wheels (3-5) between the adjacent first cleaning separation rollers (3) and the second cleaning separation rollers (5) are arranged in a staggered mode, the artificial thumb cleaning wheels (3-2) of the first cleaning separation rollers (3) and the artificial big finger cleaning wheels (3-2) of the second cleaning separation rollers (5) are spaced from each other by a distance W1 which is smaller than the average diameter of hot peppers, and the artificial big finger cleaning wheels (3-2) of the second cleaning separation rollers (3) and the artificial cleaning wheels (3-3) of the first cleaning separation rollers (5) are spaced from each other by a distance W2 which is larger than the average length of hot pepper fruits and smaller than the average length of stalks.
9. A pepper cleaning and separating device according to claim 8, characterized in that the thumb-like cleaning wheel (3-2) and the forefinger-like cleaning wheel (3-3) are imitated, spacing sleeves I (3-6) are respectively arranged among the simulated middle finger cleaning wheels (3-4), the simulated ring finger cleaning wheels (3-10) and the simulated little finger cleaning wheels (3-5), the spacing sleeves I (3-6) are sleeved on the cleaning roller square shaft, spacing sleeves II (3-7) are arranged between the tail end of the first cleaning and separating roller (3) and the simulated little finger cleaning wheels (3-5), spacing sleeves II (3-7) are arranged between the front end of the second cleaning and separating roller (5) and the simulated big finger cleaning wheels (3-2), and the length of the spacing sleeves I (3-6) is greater than that of the spacing sleeves II (3-7).
10. A pepper harvester, characterized by comprising the pepper cleaning and separating device as claimed in claim 9.
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