CN101336575A - Profiling claw type floating stubble, grass cleaning mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a row cleaner for agricultural no-tillage planting machinery, especially to a biomimetic claw type floating stubble and grass clearing mechanism. The invention is intended to resolve the problems of effect on normal seeding operation and seeding quality or the like because of the winding, accumulation and clog on a colter by a mass of stalks and weeds coated on the protective cropland surface. The floating row cleaner mainly comprises a pair of finger-shaped grass-poking wheels connected with the ground, an installation rack for convergent arms, a cam for regulating depth and a lower limiting arm, wherein the finger-shaped grass-poking wheels are key parts. The pair of finger-shaped grass-poking wheels forming splay with each other is mounted on installation rack for convergent arms, wherein the centers of the pair of finger-shaped grass-poking wheels of the front ends converge at a point and are not interfered with each other. The middle of each finger-shaped grass-poking wheel is provided with a round disk whose circumference is distributed with a plurality of finger-shaped teeth uniformly. The plurality of teeth are radially distributed, line parts of the finger-shaped teeth form a certain angle with the radial line in radial direction of the round disk, and extend to the outer circle from arc.

Description

The clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating, careless mechanism

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural tillage clear ridge parts mechanically, particularly relate to a kind of floating type row cleaner.

Background technology

No-tillage seeding is new agriculture cultivation technology in the conservation tillage of development in recent years, and it is to have stalk to cover, plough directly sowing on the whole stub land.The no-tillage face of land has stubbles such as stalk, weeds to cover, and sower is by difficulty.Through turning over, putting in order ground, the face of land is clean, do not have the stalk, the root stubble that influence seeding operation, and conservation tillage requires to keep the stalk stubble as covering traditionally, and directly sowing on the face of land that has the stalk stubble to cover.Therefore, sower is by difficulty, and requiring has the technology that prevents that the stalk stubble from stopping up, otherwise can't normally carry out smoothly.Can pass through the stubble mulched ground well, be to investigate the qualified most important index of no-tillage seeding machine.The anti-blocking technology of present domestic application mainly contains following several:

1. adopt disk roller device.Though this device has good anti-blocking performance, because disk needs bigger normal pressure, make the sower quality strengthen, soil stirs shortcomings such as more.Therefore, this device is not suitable for the protective farming technique use.

2. crushed stalk and increasing plough spacing are anti-blocking.Crushed stalk can strengthen power consumption, strengthens the plough spacing and makes complete machine structure loose.

3. V-type is divided careless plate anti-block apparatus.Be applicable to the plot that stalk is short and overlay capacity is little.But cover at stalk and to drag heap when working on the thicker face of land easily.

4. powder actuated anti-blocking technology.This technology is utilized the anti-block apparatus of tractor dynamic power drive installation before plough, realizes anti-blocking by effects such as stalk are pulverized, shed.This Technology Need power consumption is bigger.

Used for reference the principle and the shape of straw shift wheel on the combine, design the clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating, careless mechanism, can clear away stalk, stubble and soil block on the operation band effectively, be contained in the fertilising or seed opener of sower before, can improve the through performance of sower widely.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating, careless mechanism, it has used for reference the principle and the shape of straw shift wheel on the combine, it is a kind of device that can clear away stalk, stubble and soil block on the operation band effectively, before being contained in the fertilising or seed opener of sower, can improve the through performance of sower widely.That this device has is simple in structure, need not additional power, advantage such as little, the anti-blocking property of the amount of breaking ground is good.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes that by following scheme accompanying drawings is as follows:

The clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating, careless mechanism mainly prop up jib profiling 7 profiling two parts by group grass wheel assembling profiling 8 profilings and lower limit and form, said group of grass wheel assembles profiling 8 profilings and comprises a pair of adjustment cam profiling 12 profilings of dialling grass wheel profiling 1 profiling, convergence support arm installing rack profiling 13 profilings and the adjusting depth with the contacted finger-type in ground, grass wheel profiling 1 profiling of dialling wherein becomes " eight " font to be installed in convergence place of convergence jib profiling 13 a profiling front portion by Bearning mechanism, dials the front end of grass wheel profiling 1 profiling and desires to converge to a bit and mutually noninterfere; Adjustment cam profiling 12 profilings are connected in cam fixed block profiling 15 profilings of convergence support arm installing rack profiling 13 profilings by bolt, in cam fixed block profiling 15 profilings cam rotating angle adjusting mechanism are housed; Dialling grass wheel assembling profiling 8 profilings will restrain the rotating shaft pipe profiling 23 profiling centre bores that rotating casing profiling 17 profilings between support arm installing rack profiling 13 profiling metapores, two support arms and lower limit prop up in jib profiling 7 profilings by stay bolt and string together, use nut screwing clamping, the outer rim of adjustment cam profiling 12 profilings contacts with the upper surface that lower limit is propped up jib profiling 7 profilings all the time.

Said finger-type is the disk district in the middle of dialling grass wheel profiling 1 profiling, distribute equably along the circumference of disk and to set about finger-type gear teeth profiling 2 profilings, gear teeth profiling 2 profilings are arranged for the non-radioactive shape, and space separated from one another is bigger, and straight line portion profiling 4 profilings of the gear teeth outsides and disc centre radially radioactive ray become α ₂The angle is 25 °～35 °, and this outside straight line is tangent connection of circular arc profiling 3 profilings of R1 with the inboard straight line of another gear teeth by radius, is extended on the cylindrical by circular arc profiling 5 profilings that are tangential on gear teeth outside straight line at last.Said cam rotating angle adjusting mechanism adopts and be provided with a plurality of finger holes on the sidewall circumference of adjustment cam profiling 12 profilings, finger hole can be inserted or break away to adjusting alignment pin profiling 14 profilings that stage clip profiling 16 profilings are housed, regulate alignment pin profiling 14 profilings and in finger hole, extract, but adjustment cam profiling 12 profiling turned positions come lifting to dial grass wheel profiling 1 profiling.

Desirable 10～12 of the gear teeth profiling 2 profiling quantity of said group of grass wheel profiling 1 profiling, dialling grass wheel excircle dimension D is 280～350mm, gear teeth outer arc and inner arc radius equate that value is: 60～80mm.

Consult Fig. 1-6: the clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating that the present invention relates to, careless mechanism comprise that mainly adjustment cam 12 and lower limit support arm 7 main working parts a pair ofly dialling grass wheel 1, convergence support arm installing rack 13 with the contacted finger-type in ground, regulate the depth form.1 one-tenth " eight " font of a pair of group of grass wheel is installed on the convergence jib 13, and its front end center converges to a bit and mutually noninterfere (consulting accompanying drawing 1 row cleaner general assembly) each other.Dialling in the middle of the grass wheel 1 be the disk district, is distributing equably 12 along the circumference of disk and is pointing shapes and pick up the careless gear teeth 2.12 gear teeth 2 non-radioactive shapes are arranged, and space separated from one another is bigger, and straight line portion profiling 4 profilings of the gear teeth outsides and disc centre radially radioactive ray become α ₂The angle is 25 °～35 °, and this outside straight line is tangent connection of circular arc profiling 3 profilings of R1 with the inboard straight line of another gear teeth by radius, is extended on the cylindrical by circular arc profiling 5 profilings that are tangential on gear teeth outside straight line at last.During operation, the gear teeth 2 of group grass wheel 1 contact with stalk or the stubble on the face of land, lean on the resistance of stalk or stubble and frictional force drives to make group careless wheel 1 rotation.The stalk that the gear teeth 2 of rotation will be grown be picked up to proceeds posterolateral and dish out, more broken little stubble by the front end gear teeth 2 minutes to both sides.Gear teeth outsides straight line portion 4 and disc centre radially radioactive ray become 30 ° of angles to help the rear flank discharge of stalk; Refer to that root circular arc 3 can prevent blocking of stalk, can break away from the gear teeth 2 smoothly; Gear teeth outer arc part 5 helps the discharging of stalk and can reduce the stirring of the gear teeth to soil; Exist between the gear teeth than large space and can reduce the possibility that stalk is piled up.

Floating type row cleaner can be worked no any cutting under batch device, especially covers thick and heavy to stalk and exists more effective than the face of land of large clod.Simple in structure, cheap, the long-lived characteristics of manufacturing that the present invention also has.More than these are aufbauprinciple of the present invention and the most outstanding characteristics.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is the row cleaner general assembly drawing;

Fig. 1 (b) is the vertical view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 dials grass wheel front view;

Fig. 3 dials grass wheel installation diagram;

Fig. 4 is a depth adjustment cam front view;

Fig. 5 (a) is that lower limit is propped up the jib front view;

Fig. 5 (b) is the vertical view of Fig. 5 (a).

Fig. 6 (a) dials the high state of grass wheel 1;

Fig. 6 (b) dials grass wheel 1 minimum state.

Among the figure, 1. group grass wheel 2. gear teeth 3. tooth root circular arcs 4. gear teeth outside straight line portion 5. gear teeth outer arc part 6.M16 bolts 7. lower limit are propped up 8. groups of grass wheels of jib assembling, 9. dust cap 10.M16 bolts, 11. bearings and are regulated alignment pins 15. cam fixed blocks 16. stage clips 17. rotating casings 18. alignment pins 19. flat-top protection pad 20.M8 bolts 21. bearing caps 22. with bearing block 12. adjustment cam 13. convergence support arm installing racks 14. and be connected dull and stereotyped 23. rotating shaft pipes

Embodiment

Further specify particular content of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment:

Floating type row cleaner general assembly (consulting Fig. 2) is mainly propped up jib 7 (consulting Fig. 5) by lower limit and is dialled grass wheel assembling 8 (consulting Fig. 3) two parts and form.Dialling grass wheel assembling (consulting Fig. 3) comprises bearing block and bearing 11, bearing cap 21, adjustment cam 12, convergence support arm installing rack 13 and dials main working parts such as grass wheel 1.Wherein dial grass wheel, cam is to implement critical component of the present invention.

The bearing block 11 that bearing at first will be housed pierces into to be dialled in grass wheel 1 centre bore, passes accordingly to be connected to together in bearing cap 21 and axle bed 11 circumferential apertures with bolt 20 and dials on the grass wheel 1.Penetrate brearing bore with bolt 10, go up bullet pad, flat-top protection pad 19 as figure pad successively then, at last being connected in the convergence support arm installing rack 13 preceding holes (alignment pin 18 must penetrate in flat-top protection pad 19 apertures).Adjustment cam 12 is connected on the cam fixed block 15 by bolt, and adjusting alignment pin 14 penetrates the finger hole on the adjustment cam 12, and the extruding of pressured spring 16 tightly is attached on cam fixed block 15 inboards.At last dust cap 9 is filled in the bearing block centre bore.So far, dialling grass wheel assembling 8 (consulting Fig. 3) installs.The mounted group of grass wheel assembling 8 usefulness stay bolt will be restrained rotating shaft pipe 23 centre bores that support arm installing rack 13 metapores, rotating casing 17 and lower limit prop up on the jib 7 and be stringed together, and use nut screwing clamping, a whole set of floating type row cleaner general assembly installation.

During work, the gear teeth 2 of group grass wheel 1 contact with stalk or the stubble on the face of land, lean on the resistance of stalk or stubble and frictional force drives to make group careless wheel rotation.The stalk that the gear teeth 2 of rotation will be grown be picked up to proceeds posterolateral and dish out, more broken little stubble by the front end gear teeth 2 minutes to both sides.Gear teeth outsides straight line portion 4 and disc centre radially radioactive ray become 2 jiaos of α to help the rear flank discharge of stalk; Refer to that root U arc 3 can prevent blocking of stalk; Gear teeth outer arc part 5 can reduce the stirring of the gear teeth to soil; Exist between the gear teeth 2 than large space and can reduce the possibility that stalk is piled up.

It is floating type dialling grass wheel assembling 8, and upwards rotate at central siphon 23 centers that can rotate.Adjustment cam 12 is pressed in lower limit and props up on the jib 7 right support arms, and restriction is dialled grass wheel assembling 8 and rotated.Dialling grass wheel 1 position height can regulate by adjustment cam 12: will dial grass wheel assembling 8 central siphon 23 centers that rotate earlier and mention, allow adjustment cam 12 and lower limit prop up jib 7 right support arms and separate certain distance, the inside thruster adjustment cam 12 of exerting oneself then, adjustment cam 12 overcomes spring 16 pressure to be made finger hole and regulates alignment pin 14 disengagings, rotate adjustment cam 12, reorientate fulcrum, will regulate alignment pin 14 again and penetrate new finger hole, adjusting finishes.12 locating holes are arranged on the adjustment cam 12,12 depth adjusting positions are just arranged.The shape of adjustment cam 12 can realize dialling grass wheel 1 and raise gradually from the extreme lower position to the extreme higher position, each regulated quantity 7mm, maximal regulated amount 84mm.Fig. 1 is for dialling grass wheel assembling normal condition position; Fig. 6 (a) is for dialling grass wheel peak state position; Fig. 6 (b) is for dialling grass wheel minimum point state position.

Consult shown in the accompanying drawing 3, flat-top protection pad 19 is between the inboard of each group grass wheel 1 and convergence support arm 13 outsides, and purpose is to increase to dial distance between grass wheel 1 and the convergence support arm 13, prevents to twine grass, guarantees to dial grass wheel 1 and rotates flexibly.

The convergence support arm width A of row cleaner is 190mm, and the long B of straight flange is 278mm, and the long C of flanging is 150mm, and two flanging relative angles are α ₁(40 °～90 °); Lower limit is propped up jib 7 (consulting Fig. 5) and is welded with and connects dull and stereotypedly 22, has four to connect slotted holes above, can realize the installation of row cleaner receiving before fertilising or the planter on the connecting plate by bolt.

Fig. 2 is for dialling grass wheel member and main geometric figure:

(b ₁, h ₁)---gear teeth inner arc central coordinate of circle;

(b ₂, h ₂)---outer arc profiling 5 central coordinate of circle;

α ₂---gear teeth outsides straight line and radioactive ray angle radially;

D---dial grass wheel tip diameter;

R ₁---fillet radius;

R ₂---inboard or outer arc radius;

Wherein:

α ₂＝25°～35°；

D＝280～350mm；

R ₁＝8～12mm；

R ₂＝60～80mm；

Gear teeth inner arc and outer arc profiling 5 profilings should be satisfied following equation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{(x+b_1)}^2+{(y-h_1)}^2={R_2}^2---------\left(1\right)\\ {(x-b_2)}^2+{(y-h_2)}^2={R_2}^2---------\left(2\right)\end{array}\right.$

How much computing formula:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="b"\; filenames="A20081005108300101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{D}{25k};$

$b_2=\frac{3D}{25k};$

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="h"\; filenames="A20081005108300101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{D}{k};$

$h_2=\frac{1.1D}{k};$

K---proportionality coefficient gets 2.8～3.3.

Dial grass wheel material and adopt the 65Mn steel, the surface scribbles the Teflon material, prevents clay; A deep groove ball bearing is housed in each bearing block, makes and dial the rotation of grass wheel flexibly.

Fig. 4 is for dialling grass wheel member and main geometric figure:

The cam contour circular arc should satisfy equation: (x-5) ²+ (y-7) ²=R ₃ ²

R ₃=40～60mm (cam outer rim arc radius);

R ₄=0.5R ₃～0.6R ₃(rotating place, finger hole center arc radius);

L ₁＝1.4R ₃；

L ₂＝1.3R ₃；

Eccentric throw: e ≈ 8.7;

Straight line L ₁And L ₂Angle is got 70 °～85 °;

Straight line L ₁Tangent with circle, straight line L ₂Intersect with circle.

Claims (4)

1, the clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating, careless mechanism mainly prop up jib (7) two parts and form by dialling grass wheel assembling (8) and lower limit, it is characterized in that said group of grass wheel assembling (8) comprises a pair of adjustment cam (12) of dialling grass wheel (1), convergence support arm installing rack (13) with the contacted finger-type in ground and regulating the depth, the grass wheel (1) of dialling wherein becomes " eight " font to be installed in anterior convergence place of a convergence jib (13) by Bearning mechanism, dials the front end of grass wheel (1) and desires to converge to a bit and mutually noninterfere; Adjustment cam (12) is connected on the cam fixed block (15) of convergence support arm installing rack (13) by bolt, and the cam fixed block is equipped with the cam rotating angle adjusting mechanism on (15); Dialling grass wheel assembling (8) will restrain rotating shaft pipe (23) centre bore that rotating casing (17) between support arm installing rack (13) metapore, two support arms and lower limit prop up on the jib (7) by stay bolt and string together, use nut screwing clamping, the profile of adjustment cam (12) contacts with the upper surface that lower limit is propped up jib (7) all the time.

2, the clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating according to claim 1, careless mechanism, it is characterized in that said finger-type is the disk district in the middle of dialling grass wheel (1), distribute equably along the circumference of disk and to set about the finger-type gear teeth (2), the gear teeth (2) are arranged for the non-radioactive shape, space separated from one another is bigger, and gear teeth outsides straight line portioies (4) and disc centre radially radioactive ray become α ₂The angle is 25 °～35 °, and this outside straight line is tangent connection of circular arc (3) of R1 with the inboard straight line of another gear teeth by radius, is extended on the cylindrical by the circular arc (5) that is tangential on gear teeth outside straight line at last.

3, the clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating according to claim 1, careless mechanism, its spy just is being that said cam rotating angle adjusting mechanism employing is provided with a plurality of finger holes on the sidewall circumference of adjustment cam (12), the adjusting alignment pin (14) that stage clip (16) is housed can insert or break away from finger hole, regulate alignment pin (14) and in finger hole, extract, but adjustment cam (12) turned position comes lifting to dial grass wheel (1).

4, the clear stubble of a kind of profiling claw type floating according to claim 1 and 2, careless mechanism, its spy just is being desirable 10～12 of the gear teeth (2) quantity of said group of grass wheel (1), dialling grass wheel excircle dimension D is 280～350mm, gear teeth outer arc and inner arc radius equate that value is: 60～80mm.

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