CN114830989A - Full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle - Google Patents
Full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114830989A CN114830989A CN202210659682.1A CN202210659682A CN114830989A CN 114830989 A CN114830989 A CN 114830989A CN 202210659682 A CN202210659682 A CN 202210659682A CN 114830989 A CN114830989 A CN 114830989A
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- tray
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- tree planting
- nutrient solution
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/09—Watering arrangements making use of movable installations on wheels or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle, and relates to the technical field of tree planting equipment. The invention aims to solve the problems that the working procedures of a tree planting vehicle are dispersed, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the tree planting efficiency is low in the prior art. The invention comprises a pit digging mechanism, a water spraying mechanism, a seedling carrying tray mechanism, a nutrient solution spraying mechanism, a hilling mechanism, an infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism and a crawler mechanism which are arranged on a mounting vehicle frame; digging mechanism and water spray mechanism install in the front portion of frame, and infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism arranges in the both sides of digging mechanism, carries seedling tray mechanism to install in the middle part of frame, and crawler attachment arranges in the lower part of carrying seedling tray mechanism, and banking mechanism and nutrient solution spraying mechanism install the rear portion at the frame, the tree planting car digs the hole through digging mechanism, transports the sapling to the pit by carrying seedling tray mechanism, waters nutrient solution and banking through nutrient solution spraying mechanism, banking mechanism at last. The invention is used for planting trees in desert.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of desert tree planting equipment, in particular to a full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle.
Background
The afforestation can make soil and water be kept, and where vegetation coverage is low, and where every rainy season will have a large amount of silt to flow into the river, destroys the field, fills up the riverbed, and the silt is gone into the sea mouth, and harm is very big. In order to inhibit water and soil loss, forestation is required, because trees have a huge root system like a crown and can firmly grasp soil like a huge hand. The water content of the seized soil is continuously absorbed and stored by the tree root. According to research, one mu of forest can store about 20 tons of water more than that in areas without forest. The afforestation is to control desertification arable land, control soil erosion and water loss, prevent wind and fix sand, increase soil water holding capacity, can improve ecological environment greatly, alleviate the loss of flood disaster, and along with economic forest enters the maturity stage in succession, the direct economic benefits and the indirect economic benefits that produce are huge, can also provide a large amount of labours and employment opportunities, promote the sustainable development of local economy. At present, no unmanned product exists at home and abroad for desertification control, the market competition pressure is very low, the product is not only suitable for domestic deserts, but also suitable for world deserts, the product realizes low-cost large-area desert greening planting, the efficiency is improved by several times compared with manual planting, the long-term cost is greatly reduced compared with manual planting, therefore, the market application range is wide, the development prospect is good, although the economic benefit of sand is very low in a short period, the land greening and the subsequent economic driving brought by desertification control are driven, and the economic benefit brought for a long time is immeasurable. At present, global climate change and land desertification lead to backward economic development and poor population gathering in many areas, and become important factors for restricting the development and stability of the areas.
The existing tree planting technology is generally realized by manually digging holes, backfilling, planting, earthing and preserving soil moisture, certain manpower is consumed to finish the planting, if large-scale planting activities are carried out, a large amount of manpower, material resources and time are consumed, the problems of low planting efficiency and manpower cost rise obviously exist by simply relying on manpower, and aiming at the problems, a tree planting machine is transported to live, the working intensity of dispersed workers in the current tree planting vehicle process is high, and the tree planting efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high work intensity of workers and low tree planting efficiency of the tree planting vehicle in the prior art, and further provides a full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle comprises a pit digging mechanism, a water spraying mechanism, a seedling carrying tray mechanism, a nutrient solution spraying mechanism, a ridging mechanism, an infrared obstacle avoiding mechanism and a crawler mechanism which are arranged on a vehicle frame; digging mechanism and water spray mechanism install in the front portion of frame, infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism arranges in the both sides of digging mechanism, carry seedling tray mechanism to install in the middle part of frame, crawler attachment arranges in the lower part of carrying seedling tray mechanism, earthing up the mechanism with nutrient solution spraying mechanism installs at the rear portion of frame, the tree planting car digs the hole through digging mechanism, transports the sapling to the tree hole by carrying seedling tray mechanism, waters nutrient solution and earthing up through nutrient solution spraying mechanism, earthing up the mechanism at last.
Further, the pit digging mechanism comprises a drill bit, a guide frame, a sliding block, a drill bit motor, a speed reducing motor, a motor belt pulley, a belt and a belt pulley; the utility model discloses a drill bit, including the guide frame, slider sliding connection, drill bit motor, motor pulley and gear motor, the guide frame is installed in the anterior upper end of frame, slider sliding connection is on the guide frame, the middle part at the slider is installed to the drill bit motor, the hub connection drill bit of drill bit motor, the drill bit passes the frame, gear motor installs the side at the guide frame, the both ends of belt respectively with motor pulley and belt pulley transmission, motor pulley and gear motor's hub connection, belt pulley and frame rotate to be connected, one side and the belt fixed connection of slider.
Further, the water spraying mechanism comprises a spray head frame, a plurality of spray heads and a water tank; the water tank is arranged on the lower portion of the frame, and a water pump is arranged inside the water tank.
Furthermore, the seedling carrying tray mechanism comprises a rack, a plurality of sleeves, an upper cover, a plurality of transmission trays, a drive plate, a transmission gear and a tray steering engine; the rack-mount is at the upside at frame middle part, the transmission tray is closed to the end and is connected gradually and install in the transmission tray track of frame, the upper cover is arranged in the centre of a plurality of transmission trays and is installed in the frame, every the side of transmission tray all is connected with a sleeve, the sleeve is arranged in the sleeve track of frame, the driver plate rotates to be connected in the frame, drive gear and tray steering wheel are connected, the driver plate with drive gear meshing, the bottom at the frame is installed to the tray steering wheel.
Further, the transmission tray comprises a first tray and a second tray; the height that highly is higher than the second tray of first tray, first tray is circular, and its centre of a circle position is connected with the transmission post, one side that the second tray was kept away from to first tray is opened jaggedly, and the first tray and the second tray of adjacent transmission tray contact each other, the central point of driver plate puts and has arranged the gear, gear and drive gear meshing, the outside circumference equipartition of driver plate has a plurality of dial claws, the transmission tray is arranged between two adjacent dial claws, the transmission post with the contact of driver plate claw.
Further, the nutrient solution spraying mechanism comprises a nozzle and a nutrient solution box; the rear portion at the frame is installed to the nutrient solution case, nutrient solution case internally mounted has the water pump, the nozzle leads to pipe and nutrient solution case to be connected and arranges the side at the mechanism of earthing up.
Further, the ridging mechanism comprises a charging barrel, a mechanical claw, a connecting rod, a steering engine connecting rod and a ridging steering engine; the blanking barrel is connected to the lower end of the rear portion of the frame, the mechanical claws are two and are arranged on the left side and the right side of the blanking barrel respectively, the middle portions of the mechanical claws are hinged to the blanking barrel, arc-shaped ridging plates are arranged on the lower portions of the mechanical claws, the upper portions of the mechanical claws are hinged to one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a steering engine connecting rod, the steering engine connecting rod is connected with a ridging steering engine, and the ridging steering engine is installed on the side face of the blanking barrel.
Furthermore, the lower part of the charging barrel is provided with an arc notch, and the spraying direction of the nozzle is opposite to the arc notch.
Further, infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism divide into infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism and lower infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism of going up, it installs in the anterior upper end of frame to go up infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism, infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism installs the lower extreme at the frame front down.
Further, the crawler mechanism comprises a crawler and a direct current motor; the two tracks are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower portion of the frame, the direct current motor is arranged between the two tracks, and the tracks are driven by the direct current motor.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, the sand is adhered together by continuously spraying the columnar water column through the spray head in the water spraying mechanism so as to prevent the backflow of the sand during punching, after the water spraying is finished, the hole is punched through the drill bit in the digging mechanism, after the hole punching is finished, the sapling is planted in the pit through the intermittent motion of the sleeve of the sapling carrying tray mechanism, then the nutrient solution is sprayed to the root of the sapling through the nutrient solution spraying mechanism, and finally the hilling is closed through the mechanical claws at two sides of the hilling mechanism. The invention has the advantages that the multiple working procedures of digging pit, planting sapling, spraying nutrient solution, earthing up and the like are cooperated and linked to operate, the manpower finished product is saved, meanwhile, the automatic obstacle avoidance operation can be realized, the automation degree is high, and the sapling planting efficiency and the sapling survival rate are improved.
According to the tree planting machine, a plurality of sleeves are uniformly arranged in sleeve tracks, tree seedlings are arranged in the sleeves, transmission trays are arranged in a space formed by the side wall of each transmission tray track and the side wall of an upper cover after being mutually lapped, the positioning is accurate and stable, the transmission trays cannot be separated from the tracks, one transmission tray moves and then pushes other transmission trays to continuously move, a tray steering engine drives a driving plate to intermittently rotate, a driving plate claw drives a transmission column to move for an intermittent unit, after a tree planting vehicle runs forwards and a tree pit is dug, the sleeves work for one unit, and the tree seedlings in the sleeves fall into a blanking barrel of a ridging mechanism. The seedling carrying tray mechanism adopts the intermittent motion of the driving plate, accurately controls automatic planting of trees, solves the problems of low mechanization degree and low survival rate of trees in the prior art, ensures the improvement of the survival rate of the planted trees and improves the tree planting efficiency.
The crawler type tree planting robot solves the problem that the prior tree planting robot is easy to sink wheels in soft sandy land by arranging the crawler, reduces the pressure on sandy soil, has good stability of resisting overturning and gliding on the sloping land, has the characteristics of small turning radius, high climbing capacity, off-road property and the like, and is suitable for desert terrain operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is one of the schematic structural views of the seedling tray mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a second schematic structural view of the seedling tray mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a third schematic structural view of the seedling tray mechanism;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the sleeve and the rotating tray;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the water spray mechanism;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the banking mechanism;
FIG. 13 is a workflow diagram of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a pit digging mechanism; 2-1, a drill bit; 2-2, a guide frame; 2-3, a sliding block; 2-4, a drill motor; 2-5, a speed reducing motor; 2-6, a motor belt pulley; 2-7, a belt; 2-8, belt pulley; 3. a water spraying mechanism; 3-1, a spray head frame; 3-2, a spray head; 3-3, a water tank; 4. a seedling carrying tray mechanism; 4-1, a frame; 4-1-1, sleeve track; 4-1-2, a drive tray track; 4-2, sleeve; 4-3, an upper cover; 4-4, a transmission tray; 4-4-1, a first tray; 4-4-2, a second tray; 4-4-3, a transmission column; 4-5, a drive plate; 4-5-1, a driving plate claw; 4-6, a transmission gear; 4-7, a tray steering engine; 5. a nutrient solution spraying mechanism; 5-1, a nozzle; 5-2, a nutrient solution tank; 6. a ridging mechanism; 6-1, a blanking cylinder; 6-1-1, arc notch; 6-2, mechanical claws; 6-2-1, a hilling plate; 6-3, connecting rod; 6-4, a steering engine connecting rod; 6-5, a hilling steering engine; 7. an infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism; 8. a crawler mechanism; 8-1, a crawler belt; 8-2 and a direct current motor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the specification, wherein the embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the side along the length direction of the tree planting vehicle where the digging mechanism is installed is the front part of the tree planting vehicle.
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 13, and the full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle of the present embodiment is characterized in that: the device comprises a pit digging mechanism 2, a water spraying mechanism 3, a seedling carrying tray mechanism 4, a nutrient solution spraying mechanism 5, a ridging mechanism 6, an infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism 7 and a crawler mechanism 8 which are arranged on a vehicle frame 1; the pit digging mechanism 2 and the water spraying mechanism 3 are installed on the front portion of the frame 1, the infrared obstacle avoiding mechanisms 7 are arranged on two sides of the pit digging mechanism 2, the seedling carrying tray mechanism 4 is installed in the middle of the frame 1, the crawler mechanisms 8 are arranged on the lower portion of the seedling carrying tray mechanism 4, the banking mechanism 6 and the nutrient solution spraying mechanism 5 are installed on the rear portion of the frame 1, the tree planting vehicle digs pits through the pit digging mechanism 2 and transports tree seedlings to the pits through the seedling carrying tray mechanism 4, and finally the nutrient solution is irrigated and banked through the nutrient solution spraying mechanism 5 and the banking mechanism 6.
The second embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 13, and the pit digging mechanism 2 of the embodiment comprises a drill bit 2-1, a guide frame 2-2, a slide block 2-3, a drill bit motor 2-4, a speed reducing motor 2-5, a motor pulley 2-6, a belt 2-7 and a pulley 2-8; the drill bit motor 2-4 is arranged in the middle of the sliding block 2-3, the shaft of the drill bit motor 2-4 is connected with the drill bit 2-1, the drill bit 2-1 penetrates through the frame 1, the speed reduction motor 2-5 is arranged on the side face of the guide frame 2-2, two ends of the belt 2-7 are respectively in transmission with the motor belt pulley 2-6 and the belt pulley 2-8, the motor belt pulley 2-6 is in shaft connection with the speed reduction motor 2-5, the belt pulley 2-8 is in rotating connection with the frame 1, and one side of the sliding block 2-3 is fixedly connected with the belt 2-7.
In the embodiment, the slide block 2-3 is provided with a limit switch, the drill bit motor 2-4 automatically resets after the machine switch is turned on, then moves upwards all the time, and the positioning is finished after the drill bit motor hits the limit switch above. After the positioning is finished, the machine starts to work, the motor belt pulley 2-6 is driven by the speed reduction of the worm and gear speed reduction motor 2-5, and the sliding block 2-3 provided with the punching drill bit 2-1 is indirectly driven to lift by the lifting of the belt 2-6. The drill bit motor 2-4 is a direct current motor, the direct current motor and the reduction gearbox are utilized to drive the drill bit 2-1 to punch the tree pit, the drilling speed of the punching drill bit 2-1 is 480/r measured through experiments, the working efficiency of the machine can be ensured, the influence of centrifugal force generated by overhigh speed of the drill bit 2-1 on the stability of the machine can be reduced, the phenomenon that the machine is abraded due to splashing caused by high-speed rotation in the punching process of the drilling shovel after sand is collided by the rotation is avoided, and the service life of the machine is shortened.
Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 1 to 13, the water spraying mechanism 3 of the present embodiment includes a nozzle holder 3-1, a plurality of nozzles 3-2, and a water tank 3-3; the spray head frame 3-1 is arranged on the frame 1, a through hole is formed in the center of the spray head frame, the drill bit 2-1 penetrates through the through hole, the plurality of spray heads 3-2 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and connected to the spray head frame 3-1, the spray head frame 3-1 is connected with the water tank 3-3 through a water pipe, the water tank 3-3 is arranged on the lower portion of the frame 1, and a water pump is arranged inside the water tank 3-3.
In the embodiment, when the trolley reaches a preset working place through remote control, the six spray heads 3-2 continuously spray the cylindrical water columns to adhere the sand together so as to prevent backflow of the sand during punching, punching is performed after water spraying is completed, and meanwhile, water source waste is avoided and the number of times of water adding of the trolley is reduced, so that the working efficiency is improved.
Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 13, and the seedling carrying tray mechanism 4 of the embodiment comprises a rack 4-1, a plurality of sleeves 4-2, an upper cover 4-3, a plurality of transmission trays 4-4, a drive plate 4-5, a transmission gear 4-6 and a tray steering gear 4-7; the frame 4-1 is arranged at the upper side of the middle part of the frame 1, the transmission tray 4-4 is connected and arranged in the transmission tray track 4-1-2 of the frame 4-1 in sequence, the upper cover 4-3 is arranged in the middle of a plurality of transmission trays 4-4 and is arranged on the machine frame 4-1, the side surface of each transmission tray 4-4 is connected with a sleeve 4-2, the sleeve 4-2 is arranged in a sleeve track 4-1-1 of the frame 4-1, the drive plate 4-5 is rotationally connected with the machine frame 4-1, the transmission gear 4-6 is connected with the tray steering gear 4-7, the dial 4-5 is meshed with the transmission gear 4-6, and the tray steering gear 4-7 is installed at the bottom of the rack 4-1.
The transmission tray 4-4 comprises a first tray 4-4-1 and a second tray 4-4-2; the height of the first tray 4-4-1 is higher than that of the second tray 4-4-2, the first tray 4-4-1 is circular, the circle center position of the first tray 4-4-1 is connected with a transmission column 4-4-3, one side of the first tray 4-4-1, which is far away from the second tray 4-4-2, is provided with a notch, the first tray 4-4-1 and the second tray 4-4-2 of the adjacent transmission tray 4-4 are mutually contacted, the center position of the driving plate 4-5 is provided with a gear, the gear is meshed with a transmission gear 4-6, the outer circumference of the driving plate 4-5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of driving plate claws 4-5-1, the transmission tray 4-4 is arranged between the two adjacent driving plate claws 4-5-1, the transmission column 4-4-3 is contacted with the dial claw 4-5-1.
In the embodiment, a plurality of sleeves 4-2 are uniformly arranged in a sleeve track 4-1-1, a tree seedling is arranged in each sleeve 4-2, a plurality of transmission trays 4-4 are overlapped and then installed in a space formed by the side wall of each transmission tray track 4-1-2 and the side wall of an upper cover 4-3, the two sides of each transmission tray 4-4 are limited and cannot be separated from the track, one transmission tray 4-4 pushes other transmission trays 4-4 to move continuously after moving, a tray steering engine 4-7 under a rack 4-1 is provided with a transmission gear 4-6 to rotate intermittently, the transmission gear 4-6 drives a driving plate 4-5 to rotate, the driving plate claw 4-5-1 pulls a transmission column 4-4-3 to move for an intermittent unit, when the machine starts to work, after the tree planting vehicle runs forwards, the sleeve 4-2 works for one unit, so that the saplings in the next sleeve 4-2 fall into the material falling barrel 6-1 of the hilling mechanism 6.
Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 13, and the nutrient solution spraying mechanism 5 of the present embodiment includes a nozzle 5-1 and a nutrient solution tank 5-2; the nutrient solution box 5-2 is installed at the rear part of the frame 1, a water pump is installed inside the nutrient solution box 5-2, the nozzle 5-1 is connected with the nutrient solution box 5-2 through a water pipe and is arranged on the side face of the ridging mechanism 6, an arc notch 6-1-1 is formed in the lower part of the charging barrel 6-1, and the spraying direction of the nozzle 5-1 is over against the arc notch 6-1-1.
In the embodiment, the nozzle 5-1 is connected with the nutrient solution box 5-2 through a water pipe and is arranged on the side surface of the ridging mechanism 6, the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution box 5-2 is extracted through a water pump, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on the root of the sapling through the water pipe nozzle 5-1 so as to improve the survival probability of the sapling.
Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 13, and the ridging mechanism 6 of the embodiment comprises a charging barrel 6-1, a mechanical claw 6-2, a connecting rod 6-3, a steering engine connecting rod 6-4 and a ridging steering engine 6-5; the automatic ridging machine comprises a frame 1, a blanking barrel 6-1, mechanical claws 6-2, a connecting rod 6-3, a steering engine connecting rod 6-4, a ridging steering engine 6-5, a blanking barrel 6-1, a manipulator 6-2, two mechanical claws 6-2 and two through holes, wherein the blanking barrel 6-1 is connected to the lower end of the rear portion of the frame 1, the two mechanical claws 6-2 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the blanking barrel 6-1, the middle portions of the mechanical claws 6-2 are hinged to the blanking barrel 6-1, arc-shaped ridging plates 6-2-1 are arranged on the lower portions of the mechanical claws 6-2, the upper portions of the mechanical claws 6-2 are hinged to one end of the connecting rod 6-3, the other end of the connecting rod 6-3 is hinged to the steering engine connecting rod 6-4, the steering engine connecting rod 6-4 is connected with the ridging steering engine 6-5, the ridging steering engine 6-5 is installed on the side of the blanking barrel 6-1, and the through holes are formed in positions over the blanking barrel and right over the frame 1.
In the embodiment, after the nutrient solution is sprayed for 0.2 second, the hilling steering engine 6-5 drives the connecting rod 6-3, the connecting rod 6-3 drives the mechanical claw 6-2 to fold, and the circular-arc hilling plate at the lower part of the mechanical claw 6-2 realizes the hilling function.
Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 13, and the infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism 7 in the embodiment is divided into an upper infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism and a lower infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism, the upper infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism is installed at the upper end of the front portion of the frame 1, and the lower infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism is installed at the lower end of the front portion of the frame 1.
In the embodiment, the infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism 7 is an infrared reflection type sensor, the upper infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism is used for detecting whether an obstacle is in front of the trolley or not, the lower infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism is used for detecting the obstacle in front of and below the trolley, and meanwhile detected information is transmitted to the inside of the control panel to be analyzed and processed.
Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 13, and the crawler 8 of the present embodiment includes a crawler 8-1 and a dc motor 8-2; the two crawler belts 8-1 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the lower part of the frame 1, the direct current motor 8-2 is arranged between the two crawler belts 8-1, and the crawler belts 8-1 are driven by the direct current motor 8-2.
In the embodiment, after the drilling is finished, the direct current motor 8-2 drives the crawler belt 8-1, the crawler belt mechanism 8 drives the trolley to move forwards for a certain distance, meanwhile, the encoder positioned at the rear part of the direct current motor 8-2 detects the number of rotation turns of the direct current motor 8-2, when the number of the rotation turns reaches the specified number, the crawler belt 8-1 stops moving, the rear blanking barrel 6-1 is just aligned to a hole drilled by the front drill bit 2-1, and the crawler belt 8-1 finishes working. The track is pressed down through the ground contact: the stress area is enlarged, the friction is increased, the ground gripping force is improved, the pressure intensity relative to the ground is reduced, the wheel is not easy to sink, and the structure is simple, firm and durable. The trafficability and the climbing ability are super strong: the crawler tractor has the advantages of good stability of resisting tipping and gliding on the sloping field due to low gravity center and large adhesion coefficient, small turning radius maneuverability, strong climbing ability, off-road property and the like, and is suitable for desert terrain operation.
Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
a limit switch is arranged on a sliding block 2-3, a drill bit motor 2-4 automatically resets after a machine switch is turned on, then moves upwards all the time, and positioning is finished after the drill bit motor hits the limit switch above. After the positioning is finished, the machine starts to work, the motor belt pulley 2-6 is driven by the speed reduction of the worm and gear speed reduction motor 2-5, and the sliding block 2-3 provided with the punching drill bit 2-1 is indirectly driven to lift by the lifting of the belt 2-6. The drill bit motor 2-4 is a direct current motor, the direct current motor and the reduction gearbox are utilized to drive the drill bit 2-1 to punch the tree pit, the drilling speed of the punching drill bit 2-1 is 480/r measured through experiments, the working efficiency of the machine can be ensured, the influence of centrifugal force generated by overhigh speed of the drill bit 2-1 on the stability of the machine can be reduced, the phenomenon that the machine is abraded due to splashing caused by high-speed rotation in the punching process of the drilling shovel after sand is collided by the rotation is avoided, and the service life of the machine is shortened.
A plurality of sleeves 4-2 are uniformly arranged in a sleeve track 4-1-1, a tree seedling is arranged in each sleeve 4-2, a plurality of transmission trays 4-4 are overlapped and then are arranged in a space formed by the side wall of each transmission tray track 4-1-2 and the side wall of an upper cover 4-3, one transmission tray 4-4 pushes other transmission trays 4-4 to move continuously after moving, a tray steering gear 4-7 under a frame 4-1 is provided with a transmission gear 4-6 to rotate intermittently, the transmission gear 4-6 drives a driving plate 4-5 to rotate, a driving plate claw 4-5-1 drives a transmission column 4-4-3 to move an intermittent unit, when the machine starts to work, a tree planting vehicle runs forwards, and then the sleeves 4-2 work one unit, the sapling in the next sleeve 4-2 falls into the material dropping barrel 6-1 of the hilling mechanism 6.
During operation, the sand is continuously sprayed through a spray head 3-2 in a water spraying mechanism 3 to adhere the sand together so as to prevent backflow of the sand during punching, holes are punched through a drill bit 2-1 in a pit digging mechanism 2 after water spraying is finished, seedlings are planted into pits through intermittent movement of a sleeve 4-2 of a seedling carrying tray mechanism 4 after the holes are punched, nutrient solution is sprayed to the roots of the seedlings through a nutrient solution spraying mechanism 5, and finally the hilling is closed through mechanical claws 6-2 on two sides of a hilling mechanism 6.
The invention realizes the cooperative work among structures such as a front infrared obstacle automatic detection, a front lower infrared road surface detection, a starting drill bit motor 2-4 automatic reset, a starting seedling carrying tray automatic reset, a front obstacle automatic detouring, a speed reducing motor 2-5, a drill bit motor 2-4, a seedling carrying tray, a nutrient solution spraying pump, a water spraying pump, a hilling mechanism 6, a crawler belt 8-1, a limit switch, a metal switch and the like by combining an arduino uno r3 control board with an STM32 control board and a 20A heavy current H bridge direct current brush motor drive board, thereby completing the whole working process of the trolley.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a full-automatic desert tree planting car which characterized in that: the device comprises a pit digging mechanism (2), a water spraying mechanism (3), a seedling carrying tray mechanism (4), a nutrient solution spraying mechanism (5), a ridging mechanism (6), an infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism (7) and a crawler mechanism (8) which are arranged on a vehicle frame (1); dig mechanism (2) and water spray mechanism (3) and install the front portion at frame (1) of digging pit, infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism (7) are arranged in the both sides of digging pit mechanism (2), carry seedling tray mechanism (4) and install the middle part at frame (1), crawler (8) are arranged in the lower part of carrying seedling tray mechanism (4), earthing up mechanism (6) with the rear portion at frame (1) is installed in nutrient solution spraying mechanism (5), the tree planting car is through digging pit mechanism (2) digging pit, with the sapling by carrying seedling tray mechanism (4) transport to the tree pit, at last through nutrient solution spraying mechanism (5), earthing up mechanism (6) watering nutrient solution and earthing up.
2. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pit digging mechanism (2) comprises a drill bit (2-1), a guide frame (2-2), a slide block (2-3), a drill bit motor (2-4), a speed reducing motor (2-5), a motor belt pulley (2-6), a belt (2-7) and a belt pulley (2-8); the guide frame (2-2) is arranged at the upper end of the front part of the frame (1), the sliding block (2-3) is connected on the guide frame (2-2) in a sliding manner, the drill motor (2-4) is arranged in the middle of the sliding block (2-3), the shaft of the drill motor (2-4) is connected with the drill (2-1), the drill (2-1) penetrates through the frame (1), the speed reducing motor (2-5) is arranged on the side surface of the guide frame (2-2), two ends of the belt (2-7) are respectively in transmission with the motor belt pulley (2-6) and the belt pulley (2-8), the motor belt pulley (2-6) is in shaft connection with the speed reducing motor (2-5), and the belt pulley (2-8) is in rotary connection with the frame (1), one side of the sliding block (2-3) is fixedly connected with the belt (2-7).
3. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water spraying mechanism (3) comprises a spray head frame (3-1), a plurality of spray heads (3-2) and a water tank (3-3); the spray head frame (3-1) is arranged on the frame (1), a through hole is formed in the center of the spray head frame, the drill bit (2-1) penetrates through the through hole, the plurality of spray heads (3-2) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the spray head frame (3-1), the spray head frame (3-1) is connected with the water tank (3-3) through a water pipe, the water tank (3-3) is arranged on the lower portion of the frame (1), and a water pump is arranged inside the water tank (3-3).
4. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seedling carrying tray mechanism (4) comprises a rack (4-1), a plurality of sleeves (4-2), an upper cover (4-3), a plurality of transmission trays (4-4), a drive plate (4-5), transmission gears (4-6) and tray steering gears (4-7); the rack (4-1) is arranged on the upper side of the middle part of the frame (1), the transmission trays (4-4) are sequentially connected and arranged in a transmission tray track (4-1-2) of the rack (4-1) in an ending manner, the upper cover (4-3) is arranged in the middle of the transmission trays (4-4) and arranged on the rack (4-1), the side surface of each transmission tray (4-4) is connected with a sleeve (4-2), the sleeves (4-2) are arranged in the sleeve track (4-1-1) of the rack (4-1), the drive plate (4-5) is rotatably connected to the rack (4-1), the transmission gear (4-6) is connected with a tray steering gear (4-7), the drive plate (4-5) is meshed with the transmission gear (4-6), the tray steering engine (4-7) is installed at the bottom of the rack (4-1).
5. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the transmission tray (4-4) comprises a first tray (4-4-1) and a second tray (4-4-2); the height of the first tray (4-4-1) is higher than that of the second tray (4-4-2), the first tray (4-4-1) is circular, a transmission column (4-4-3) is connected to the position of the circle center of the first tray, one side, far away from the second tray (4-4-2), of the first tray (4-4-1) is provided with a notch, the first tray (4-4-1) and the second tray (4-4-2) of the adjacent transmission tray (4-4) are in contact with each other, a gear is arranged at the center of the driving plate (4-5) and meshed with the transmission gear (4-6), a plurality of driving plate claws (4-5-1) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the outer side of the driving plate (4-5), and the transmission tray (4-4) is arranged on the two adjacent driving plate claws (4-5-1) The transmission column (4-4-3) is contacted with the dial claw (4-5-1).
6. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nutrient solution spraying mechanism (5) comprises a nozzle (5-1) and a nutrient solution box (5-2); the nutrient solution box (5-2) is arranged at the rear part of the frame (1), a water pump is arranged in the nutrient solution box (5-2), and the nozzle (5-1) is connected with the nutrient solution box (5-2) through a water pipe and is arranged on the side surface of the hilling mechanism (6).
7. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hilling mechanism (6) comprises a charging barrel (6-1), a mechanical claw (6-2), a connecting rod (6-3), a steering engine connecting rod (6-4) and a hilling steering engine (6-5); the blanking barrel (6-1) is connected to the lower end of the rear portion of the frame (1), the mechanical claws (6-2) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the blanking barrel (6-1) respectively, the middle portions of the mechanical claws (6-2) are hinged to the blanking barrel (6-1), arc-shaped ridging plates (6-2-1) are arranged on the lower portions of the mechanical claws (6-2), the upper portion of each mechanical claw (6-2) is hinged to one end of a connecting rod (6-3), the other end of each connecting rod (6-3) is hinged to a steering engine connecting rod (6-4), the steering engine connecting rods (6-4) are connected with ridging steering engines (6-5), and the ridging steering engines (6-5) are installed on the side faces of the blanking barrel (6-1).
8. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein: the lower part of the charging barrel (6-1) is provided with an arc notch (6-1-1), and the spraying direction of the nozzle (5-1) is opposite to the arc notch (6-1-1).
9. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism (7) is divided into an upper infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism and a lower infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism, the upper infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism is installed at the upper end of the front portion of the frame (1), and the lower infrared obstacle avoidance mechanism is installed at the lower end of the front portion of the frame (1).
10. The full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the crawler mechanism (8) comprises a crawler (8-1) and a direct current motor (8-2); the two crawler belts (8-1) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower portion of the frame (1), the direct current motor (8-2) is arranged between the two crawler belts (8-1), and the crawler belts (8-1) are driven by the direct current motor (8-2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210659682.1A CN114830989A (en) | 2022-06-13 | 2022-06-13 | Full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210659682.1A CN114830989A (en) | 2022-06-13 | 2022-06-13 | Full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle |
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| CN114830989A true CN114830989A (en) | 2022-08-02 |
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| CN202210659682.1A Pending CN114830989A (en) | 2022-06-13 | 2022-06-13 | Full-automatic desert tree planting vehicle |
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