CN114802323A - Particulate matter unloading device of special railway hopper car - Google Patents
Particulate matter unloading device of special railway hopper car Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114802323A CN114802323A CN202210364495.0A CN202210364495A CN114802323A CN 114802323 A CN114802323 A CN 114802323A CN 202210364495 A CN202210364495 A CN 202210364495A CN 114802323 A CN114802323 A CN 114802323A
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- Prior art keywords
- unloading
- pressurizer
- mixing tank
- air
- discharge
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/02—Hopper cars with discharge openings in the bottoms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a particulate matter unloading device of a special railway hopper car, which is arranged at the bottom of each separated cargo storage cabin of the railway hopper car and comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms which are arranged at the bottom of each group of cargo storage cabins and symmetrically arranged along the two sides of a car body, wherein the two sets of unloading mechanisms are supplied with air in parallel by an air supply system connected with a compressed air mechanism; each set of discharge mechanisms includes a discharge hopper, a discharge mixer, and an annular pressurizer. The invention adopts the gravity and pressure air mixed unloading technology, and improves the unloading speed and the unloading capacity of the vehicle by utilizing the special function of the annular pressurizer; the unloading mixer flows into the mixing tank by utilizing the gravity action of the particulate matters, simultaneously pressure air enters the mixing tank from the porous plate to form a gas-solid two-phase mixture with the particulate matters, so that the goods have certain fluidity and flow out of the straight-through pipe of the annular pressurizer, and meanwhile, the negative pressure generated by the annular pressurizer is assisted, so that the unloading efficiency is improved; the bottom of each bin of the tank car is symmetrically arranged, so that unloading on two sides of the car body can be realized simultaneously, and the unloading capacity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway transportation equipment, and particularly relates to a particulate matter unloading device special for a railway hopper car.
Background
With the increase of national economy, the demand for synthetic resins has also increased. The synthetic resin raw material belongs to granular flowable solid materials, and the railway transportation is adopted, so that the cargo cost is reduced, and the transportation efficiency is improved.
At present, synthetic resin at home and abroad is mainly transported by railway boxcars, containers and special road tank cars. The railway box wagon is mainly loaded and transported by 25kg woven bags, and has the following problems: the packaging cost is high, the transportation loss is high, and the packaging bag is easy to damage after being turned over for multiple times in distribution and transportation; and the labor cost for loading and unloading is high, and at least five links from petrochemical enterprises to clients need manual carrying or loading and unloading. The container transportation is adopted for part of domestic enterprises and parts of synthetic resins in North America, and mainly comprises modes of lining bags, ton bags and the like, and the transportation difficulty of the container transportation comprises the following steps: the phenomenon of ton loss is caused, and the transportation cost is increased; petrochemical enterprises and clients need to transform bulk container equipment; requiring stable and large usage of downstream customer brands. In recent years, some domestic enterprises begin to transport by special road tank cars for customers in regions, the transportation mode is not suitable for long-distance and large-traffic transportation, and the road transportation is greatly influenced by uncontrollable factors such as weather and road conditions. The load of the highway special tank car is small, the cost of the single car is high, and the total transportation cost is high.
At present, the unloading mode in the synthetic resin transportation mode is mainly manual unloading or unloading by utilizing the gravity of goods. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a railway vehicle for transporting synthetic resinous granular chemical raw materials and an unloading device thereof, which have an automatic unloading function, a large transportation amount, and a long transportation distance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a particulate matter unloading device of a special railway hopper car according to the defects of the prior art. The invention aims to provide a device for mixing and flowing solid particles along with air flow by utilizing gravity and pneumatics of air to realize automatic unloading of loaded particle materials.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
particulate matter unloading device of special railway hopper car, unloading device set up in each cellular-type storage cargo hold bottom of railway hopper car, by hopper car compressed air mechanism air feed, its characterized in that: the unloading device comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms which are arranged at the bottom of each set of cargo storage cabins and symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the vehicle body, and the two sets of unloading mechanisms are supplied with air in parallel by an air supply system connected with the compressed air mechanism;
each set of discharge mechanism comprises a discharge hopper, a discharge mixer and an annular pressurizer;
the unloading hopper is arranged at the bottom of the storage cabin and is of a funnel-shaped structure;
the discharge mixer comprises: the mixing tank is arranged on an inclined plane at the funnel-shaped bottom, an inlet wide seam is arranged between the two sides of the inclined plane and the cargo storage bin and used for the inflow of particle cargos, a porous plate is arranged at one end of the mixing tank and connected with a first air inlet pipe of an air supply system, and the other end of the mixing tank is an outlet of the mixing tank and connected with the annular pressurizer through a butterfly valve;
the annular pressurizer is a conical structure body and comprises: the pressure body is of a conical structure, a large cone end of the pressure body is axially provided with a straight-through pipe, one end of the straight-through pipe is connected with an outlet of the mixing tank through a butterfly valve, the other end of the straight-through pipe extends into a cone of the pressure body, a small cone end outlet of the pressure body is provided with a quick connector, the circumferential wall of the large cone end of the pressure body is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected with a second air inlet pipe of an air supply system through a one-way valve;
and the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe which are used for supplying air to each set of unloading mechanism by the air supply system are arranged in parallel.
The inclined plane is a circular arc surface structure which is symmetrically arranged or a ridge surface structure which is symmetrically intersected, and the two sides of the circular arc surface or the ridge surface are wide inlet seams which are arranged between the circular arc surface and the wall of the cargo storage cabin and used for the inflow of granular cargos.
The discharging mixer is of a tubular prefabricated structure and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the discharging hopper and comprises an end cover, a porous plate, a mixing tank cover and a mixing tank outlet which are prefabricated into a whole, a groove formed after a part of the tubular body is cut is arranged below the mixing tank cover, an inlet wide seam for inflow of granular cargos is formed between two sides of the mixing tank cover and the wall of the cargo storage tank, and a mixing tank is formed by the groove below the mixing tank cover.
The front end of the straight-through pipe extending into the pressurizer body cone is positioned at a position which is more than one half of the pressurizer body cone in the axial direction.
The air inlet arranged on the circumferential wall of the large end of the cone of the pressurizer body is positioned at the rear part of the radial plane of the front end surface of the straight pipe extending into the cone of the pressurizer body.
And the front ends of the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe which are connected in parallel and used for supplying air to each set of unloading mechanism by the air supply system are provided with cut-off plugs.
The discharge funnel is of a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part formed by the arc-shaped bottom plate and the end plates at the two ends, and the opening is upwards connected with the bottom of the storage cargo compartment in a sealing mode.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the unloading device adopts a gravity and pressure air mixed unloading technology, and utilizes the special function of the annular pressurizer, thereby being beneficial to improving the unloading speed and the unloading capacity of the vehicle; the unloading mixer flows into the mixing tank by utilizing the gravity action of the particulate matters, simultaneously pressure air enters the mixing tank from the porous plate to form a gas-solid two-phase mixture with the particulate matters, so that the goods have certain fluidity and flow out of the straight-through pipe of the annular pressurizer, and meanwhile, the negative pressure generated by the annular pressurizer is assisted, so that the unloading efficiency is improved; the bottom of each bin of the tank car is symmetrically arranged, so that unloading on two sides of the car body can be realized simultaneously, and the unloading capacity is improved. The unloading port adopts a quick connector, so that the cargo conveying device is convenient to connect and detach during unloading operation, the work efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the unloading device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the discharge mixer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge mixer mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the annular pressurizer of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the ring press of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the air supply duct of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a ring pressurizer, 2 is an air supply system, 3 is a butterfly valve, 4 is a one-way valve, 5 is a discharge hopper, 6 is a discharge mixer, and 7 is a quick connector;
11 is a pressurizer body, 12 is a sealing plate, 13 is a pressurizer flange I, 14 is a straight-through pipe, 15 is a pressurizer flange II, 21 is an air inlet pipe I, 22 is an air inlet pipe II, 23 is an air supply pipe, 24 is a main air pipe, 25 is a cut-off cock, 61 is an end cover, 62 is a porous plate, 63 is a mixing tank cover, 64 is a mixing tank outlet, and 65 is a mixing tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following detailed description, which is intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but is equivalent or analogous to the present invention without departing from its scope.
With reference to the attached drawings.
The particulate matter unloading device of the special railway hopper car realizes the unloading of particulate matter by utilizing the mixing action of gravity and air pressure. The unloading device comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms, each set of unloading mechanism comprises an unloading hopper 5, an unloading mixer 6, a butterfly valve 3, a quick joint 7, an annular pressurizer 1, a dust cover, a one-way valve 4, a cut-off cock and the like, and each set of unloading mechanism is provided with high-pressure air by an air supply system 2 for supplying air in parallel; the unloading mechanisms formed by the unloading hopper 5, the unloading mixer 6, the butterfly valve 3 and the annular pressurizer 1 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of each cargo storage compartment, so that unloading can be simultaneously carried out on two sides of the vehicle body. And for each storage cargo compartment separately arranged on the tank truck, the bottom of each storage cargo compartment is provided with a discharging device to realize simultaneous discharging.
As shown in the figure, when unloading, the synthetic resin granular goods enter the unloading hopper 5 from the vehicle body cargo storage cabin under the action of gravity, the pressure air is provided by the air supply system 2 and enters the unloading mechanism in two paths, one path enters the annular pressurizer 1 through the cut-off cock 25, the second air inlet pipe 22 and the one-way valve 4, and the other path enters the unloading mixer 6 through the first air inlet pipe 21 with an air inlet elbow and passes through the porous plate 62 in the unloading mixer 6 to enter the bottom of the unloading hopper 5. The pressure air entering the discharge funnel 5 and the granular goods in the discharge funnel 5 form a gas-solid two-phase mixture, so that the goods have certain flowing performance, the annular pressurizer 1 sprays annular pressure air to further dilute the gas-solid two-phase mixture, and certain negative pressure is formed on the outlet side, so that the gas-solid two-phase mixture flows more easily, and the discharge speed and capacity are improved. The pressure air which enters the unloading mixer 6 through the air inlet pipe I21 and passes through the annular pressurizer 1 simultaneously acts to push the goods into the ground goods conveying pipeline and the storage cargo compartment through the butterfly valve 3, the annular pressurizer 1 and the quick connector 7.
As shown in the figure, the discharge hopper 5 is formed by welding a bottom plate, a first end plate and a second end plate into a hopper shape with a large top and a small bottom, and the opening is upward. The inner side surfaces of the bottom plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are smooth and have no bulges, so that the goods can be unloaded easily. And the first end plate and the second end plate are provided with round holes for mounting the discharge mixer 6.
The invention adopts an integrally designed discharge mixer 6 arranged at the bottom of a discharge hopper 5 to form an automatic discharge mechanism together with the annular pressurizer 1.
The discharge mixer 6 of this example is composed of an end cover 61, a perforated plate 62, a mixing tank cover 63, a mixing tank outlet 64, a mixing tank 65, and the like. The discharge mixer 6 is mounted at the bottom of the discharge hopper 5, and is slotted in the middle to form a mixing tank 65, and is opened downwards, and the two sides of the mixing tank are provided with wide inlet gaps formed with the wall of the discharge hopper 5 to facilitate the flow of the goods into the mixing tank 65 of the discharge mixer 6. The outlet end is connected with the annular pressurizer 1 through a flange, and the inlet end is fixedly connected with a first air inlet pipe 21 of the air supply system 2 through an end cover 61. Perforated plate 62 is provided inside front inlet end cover 61 of mixing tank 65. The flange at the outlet end can also be detachably connected with the annular pressurizer 1 through a butterfly valve 3.
As shown in the figure, the annular pressurizer 1 mainly comprises a pressurizer body 11, a sealing plate 12, a straight-through pipe 14, a pressurizer flange I13, a pressurizer flange II 15 and the like, the front end of the annular pressurizer 1 is enabled to form negative pressure by utilizing pressure air, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the unloading mechanism is increased, and meanwhile, the pressure air can push goods which are not unloaded in time outside the annular pressurizer 1 to be unloaded, so that blockage is avoided. The annular pressure device body 11 is conical, two ends of the annular pressure device body are communicated, the larger end of the annular pressure device body is fixedly connected with the sealing plate 12, the smaller end of the annular pressure device body is detachably connected with the quick connector 7, a bypass air pipe is arranged on the side surface of the pressure device body 11 and is fixedly connected with a second pressure device flange 15, and the second pressure device flange 15 is detachably connected with the air pipe. The closure plate 12 is apertured for mounting a through tube 14. The straight-through pipe 14 has an outer diameter smaller than that of the pressurizer body 11, one end is inserted into the sealing plate 12 by a proper distance and fixedly connected with the sealing plate 12, and the other end is fixedly connected with the pressurizer flange I13. The first pressurizer flange 13 is detachably connected with the butterfly valve 3.
One end of the quick connector 7 is detachably connected with the annular pressurizer 1, the other end of the quick connector adopts a quick interface structure form, the quick connector can be connected with a ground unloading facility of a user, and a dust cover can be installed when the user does not unload the goods, so that the labor intensity is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.
The air supply system 2 is provided with a main air pipe connected with the train air supply pipe, the main air pipe is divided into four air supply pipelines through connecting joints, and the four air supply pipelines are symmetrically arranged and used for supplying air to the unloading mechanisms on two sides. One air supply pipeline air inlet pipe 21 on each side is connected with an end cover 61 of the unloading mixer 6, the other air supply pipeline air inlet pipe 22 is connected with the pressure device body 11 through the one-way valve 4, and the one-way valve 4 arranged in front of the pressure device body 11 can prevent air from flowing back. The air supply pipeline on each side is provided with a cut-off cock 25, so that the unloading mechanisms on two sides can unload simultaneously or independently.
During unloading, granular goods enter the unloading hopper 5 from the vehicle body cargo storage bin under the action of gravity, pressure air enters the unloading device from the air supply pipe system in two paths, one path enters the annular pressurizer 1 through the cut-off cock 25, the second air inlet pipe 22 and the one-way valve 4, and the other path enters the unloading mixer 6 through the first air inlet pipe 21 and passes through the porous plate 62 in the unloading mixer 6 to enter the unloading hopper 5. The pressure air entering the discharge funnel 5 and the granular goods in the discharge funnel 5 form a gas-solid two-phase mixture, so that the goods have certain flowing performance, the annular pressurizer 1 sprays annular pressure air to further dilute the gas-solid two-phase mixture, the gas-solid two-phase mixture flows more easily, and the discharge speed and capacity are improved. Under the simultaneous action of the pressure air entering the unloading mixer 6 from the air inlet pipe I21 and passing through the annular pressurizer 1, the pushed goods enter the ground goods conveying pipeline and the storage cargo compartment through the butterfly valve 3, the annular pressurizer 1 and the quick connector 7.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a particulate matter discharge devices of special railway hopper car, discharge devices set up in each cellular-type storage cargo hold bottom of railway hopper car, by hopper car compressed air mechanism air feed, its characterized in that: the unloading device comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms which are arranged at the bottom of each set of cargo storage cabins and symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the vehicle body, and the two sets of unloading mechanisms are supplied with air in parallel by an air supply system connected with the compressed air mechanism;
each set of discharge mechanism comprises a discharge hopper, a discharge mixer and an annular pressurizer;
the unloading hopper is arranged at the bottom of the storage cabin and is of a funnel-shaped structure;
the discharge mixer comprises: the mixing tank is arranged on an inclined plane at the funnel-shaped bottom, an inlet wide seam is arranged between the two sides of the inclined plane and the storage compartment and used for the inflow of particle goods, one end of the mixing tank is provided with a porous plate and is connected with a first air inlet pipe of an air supply system, and the other end of the mixing tank is an outlet of the mixing tank and is connected with the annular pressurizer through a butterfly valve;
the annular pressurizer is a conical structure body and comprises: the pressure body is of a conical structure, a large cone end of the pressure body is axially provided with a straight-through pipe, one end of the straight-through pipe is connected with an outlet of the mixing tank through a butterfly valve, the other end of the straight-through pipe extends into a cone of the pressure body, a small cone end outlet of the pressure body is provided with a quick connector, the circumferential wall of the large cone end of the pressure body is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected with a second air inlet pipe of an air supply system through a one-way valve;
and a first air inlet pipe and a second air inlet pipe which are connected in parallel are arranged on the air supply system for supplying air to each set of unloading mechanism.
2. The particulate matter unloading device for the special-purpose railway hopper car as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inclined plane is a symmetrically arranged circular arc surface structure or a symmetrically intersected ridge surface structure, and the two sides of the circular arc surface or the ridge surface are wide inlet gaps which are arranged between the circular arc surface and the wall of the cargo storage cabin and used for the inflow of granular cargos.
3. The particulate matter unloading device for the special-purpose railway hopper car as recited in claim 2, wherein: the unloading mixer is of a tubular prefabricated structure and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the unloading hopper and comprises an end cover, a porous plate, a mixing tank cover and a mixing tank outlet which are prefabricated into a whole, a groove formed after a part of a tubular body is cut is formed below the mixing tank cover, an inlet wide seam for inflow of granular goods is formed between the two sides of the mixing tank cover and the wall of the cargo storage tank, and a mixing tank is formed by the groove below the mixing tank cover.
4. A particulate matter unloading apparatus for a specialized railway hopper car as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the front end position of the straight-through pipe extending into the pressurizer body cone is positioned at a position which is more than one half of the pressurizer body cone in the axial direction.
5. The particulate matter unloading device for the special-purpose railway hopper car as recited in claim 4, wherein: the air inlet arranged on the circumferential wall of the large end of the cone of the pressurizer body is positioned at the rear part of the radial plane of the front end surface of the straight pipe extending into the cone of the pressurizer body.
6. The particulate matter unloading device for the special-purpose railway hopper car as recited in claim 4, wherein: and the front ends of the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe which are connected in parallel and used for supplying air to each set of unloading mechanism by the air supply system are provided with cut-off plugs.
7. The particulate matter unloading device for the special-purpose railway hopper car as recited in claim 4, wherein: the discharge hopper is of a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part formed by an arc-shaped bottom plate and end plates at two ends, and the opening of the discharge hopper is upwards connected with the bottom of the storage cargo compartment in a sealing manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210364495.0A CN114802323B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210364495.0A CN114802323B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car |
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| CN114802323A true CN114802323A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
| CN114802323B CN114802323B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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