CN114793989B

CN114793989B - Sea shrimp culture method

Info

Publication number: CN114793989B
Application number: CN202210268798.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶树才; 黄晓声; 林舒宇; 林建新
Original assignee: Zhongshan Longxin Aquaculture Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongshan Longxin Aquaculture Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-25
Filing date: 2019-09-25
Publication date: 2023-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-25
Also published as: CN110463648B; CN110463648A; CN114793989A

Abstract

The application is a divisional application with the application number of 201910912034.0. The application discloses a method for culturing seawater shrimps, which comprises the following specific steps: construction and reconstruction of a cultivation field: comprises a culture pond, a first water reservoir, a second water reservoir, a clean water pond, an air filtering system, an illumination system and a fairy shrimp culture device. According to the application, seawater is filtered by the seawater filtering system and then is sent into the culture pond for changing water in the culture pond, meanwhile, the air filtering system is connected with the aeration pipe in the culture pond for aerating the water in the culture pond, so that the oxygen content of the water is improved, the problems that water is not changed basically in a culture period, ions are unbalanced in the culture water body and the like are avoided, various supplementary reagents are required to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, meanwhile, the shrimp larvae are isolated in the culture pond through the filtering device of the culture pond, and the shrimp larvae are prevented from being carried out of the culture pond when the water is changed by changing water in the water changing area.

Description

Sea shrimp culture method

The application relates to a divisional application, the application number of the original application is 201910912034.0, the application date is 2019, 09 and 25, and the name of the application is a seawater shrimp culture system and a culture method.

[ field of technology ]

The application relates to the technical field of shrimp culture, in particular to a method for culturing seawater shrimps.

[ background Art ]

The existing industrial cultivation mode of shrimp cultivation is derived from abalone and sea cucumber cultivation modes in north China, and after years of development, the basic idea of cement ponds and greenhouses is still not completely separated. The investment of the early-stage equipment is extremely large; the equipment has huge energy consumption, and the cultivation cost is more than one time higher than the traditional cultivation cost; the water is not changed basically in the whole cultivation period, the cultivation water body has a plurality of problems such as ion imbalance, various supplementary reagents are needed to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, and the growth of shrimp larvae is affected.

[ application ]

The application aims to solve the problem that the existing industrial cultivation mode in shrimp cultivation is derived from abalone and sea cucumber cultivation modes in north China, and the basic idea of cement ponds and greenhouses is still not completely separated after years of development. The investment of the early-stage equipment is extremely large; the equipment has huge energy consumption, and the cultivation cost is more than one time higher than the traditional cultivation cost; the method has the advantages that water is not changed basically in the whole cultivation period, the cultivation water body has a plurality of problems of ion imbalance and the like, various supplementary reagents are needed to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, and the technical problem of shrimp larvae growth is affected.

In order to solve the technical problems, the application is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for culturing sea shrimps comprises the following specific steps: construction and reconstruction of a cultivation field: comprises a culture pond, a first water reservoir, a second water reservoir, a clean water pond, an air filtering system, an illumination system and a fairy shrimp culture device;

and (3) a culture pond: the water-soil mixing pool occupies 20-30% of the field area, the pool height is 1.8-2.2 m, the area size is 0.4-0.8 mu, a mud block layer with the thickness of 30cm is arranged in the culture pool, and algae cultivation is carried out in the water body; planting water hyacinth in 1/5-2/5 area; a seedling culturing filter screen is arranged in the culturing pond, and the culturing pond is divided into a seedling culturing area and a water changing area; water inlet and drainage is designed in the water changing area according to the principle of upper inlet and lower drainage; an oxygen delivery pipeline is arranged in the seedling raising area;

a first reservoir: the occupied area is 15-20%, the water depth is 1.5-2 m, and the extracted seawater is stored in the common pool;

a second reservoir: the water depth is 1.5-2 meters, the seawater filtered by the filtering sand cylinder is stored in the pool, and the seawater filtered for the first time in the pool is filtered by the active carbon filter box and then is introduced into the culture pool;

clean water pond: the floor area is 15-20%, the water depth is 1.5-2 m, and the common clean water is stored in the pool and used for being introduced into the culture pool;

air filtration system: comprises two indoor air pumps, an outdoor filtering device, two filtering branch air paths, a vent pipe, a three-way valve and a conveying pipeline; the outdoor breather pipe is communicated with the outdoor filtering device, the two indoor air pumps are respectively arranged on the two filtering branch air paths, the two filtering branch air paths are connected in parallel to the outdoor filtering device, the tail ends of the two filtering branch air paths are connected to the three-way valve, the conveying pipeline is connected to the three-way valve and is communicated with the two filtering branch air paths, and filtered air is conveyed into the oxygen conveying pipeline through the conveying pipeline;

an illumination system: an illumination system consisting of a plurality of illumination lamps and a sterilizing lamp is arranged above the cultivation pool, the sterilizing lamp is used for sterilizing water resources in the cultivation pool, and the illumination lamps are used for supplementing light for cultivating algae;

fairy shrimp culture device: the culture tank is in a circular barrel shape made of organic glass, the bottom of the culture tank is in a funnel shape, an annular light shielding plate is arranged on the periphery of the middle upper part of the culture tank, the culture tank is shielded, the wall of the culture tank is sterilized by using a strong hypochlorous acid solution, and artemia cysts are put into the culture tank for hatching; wherein,

the fairy shrimp culture device comprises: the cultivating device comprises a cultivating tank made of a light-transmitting material, a cultivating device fixing frame for fixing the cultivating tank, a light shielding plate detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the cultivating tank and used for shielding an external light source of the cultivating tank so that the interior of the cultivating tank is in a non-light source environment, and a switch valve arranged at the bottom of the cultivating tank and used for discharging adult fairy insects out of the cultivating tank; the bottom of the cultivation tank is in an inverted cone shape, the upper middle part of the cultivation tank is shielded by a light shielding plate, and the bottom of the cultivation tank is provided with an irradiation light source;

culturing shrimp seeds: seed shrimp are reserved according to the standard of 50-70 jin of each mu of culture pond;

cultivating the fairy shrimp: placing seawater with water temperature of 25 ℃ and salt content of 28% in a culture tank, arranging two fluorescent lamps at the bottom of the culture tank for irradiation for two hours, keeping the illumination intensity at 20000LX for one hour, ensuring that the water in the culture tank is weakly alkaline, and adjusting the pH value to be in the range of 7.5-8.5 to be optimal, wherein when the water in the tube is acidic, naHCO3 can be used for adjusting the water to be alkaline; collecting the hatched artemia so as to further strengthen the culture, shielding the culture tank by using a shading sheet, irradiating the bottom of the culture tank for 10min, sucking the artemia to the bottom, opening a drain valve at the bottom of the culture tank, and collecting the artemia by matching with a filter screen;

filtering seawater for cultivating algae and cultivating algae: pumping seawater into a first reservoir, sterilizing the seawater by using bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide or the like, fully aerating to ensure that residual chlorine is less than 0.3mg/L, filtering the water in the first reservoir by using a water pump, and then delivering the filtered water to a second reservoir, sterilizing the water in the second reservoir by using the bleaching powder, the chlorine dioxide or the chlorine dioxide and the like, fully aerating, sterilizing and fully aerating, and delivering the water into a culture pond by using the water pump after the residual chlorine is less than 0.1mg/L for culturing alga;

the algae cultivation step, wherein a base fertilizer is used in a mud block layer of a cultivation pond, and filtered seawater and clear water in a clear water pond are mixed according to a ratio of 1: mixing the ratio of 10 into a culture pond, introducing algae seeds periodically, using some algae cultivation products periodically, enriching algae in water, and keeping the time interval to be 10 days, wherein the time interval is specific to the water and the culture variety; supplementing nutrient elements once a week, periodically using some fertilizer water products, removing toxic substances and culturing algae, supplementing carbon according to the color change of algae water, changing the nitrogen-phosphorus ratio of water, changing water by not more than 10% of water in a pond each time, and increasing oxygen by an oxygen delivery pipe in a culture pond to keep the dissolved oxygen not lower than 5mg/L;

seedling placement: when the water temperature in the clean water tank reaches more than 24 ℃, seedling placement is started, the water salinity of the clean water tank is regulated to be close to that of the culture tank, the salinity is not more than 25 per mill, the shrimp seedlings reach 1.0-1.2cm, and all virus, vibrio and intestinal liver bag insect detection and emergency test are carried out; miao Di is put for two days, and the high-protein reinforced buoyancy material is fed together with duckweed feed, and is fed once in the morning and evening every day; pumping water in the culture pond to a small pond by using a water pump for salinity adjustment, wherein the water inflow is not more than 15 per mill of the height of the pond every day, the water level is controlled between 1.2 and 1.5 meters, the water temperature of the small pond is stabilized at more than 25 ℃ for 20 days, and the seedlings grow to 3-4cm, so that the shrimp seedlings in the small pond can be conveyed into the culture pond for culture by using a lobster transferring device; wherein,

the lobster transferring device comprises: the shrimp larva transferring frame is detachably connected to the shrimp larva transferring frame, the shrimp larva transferring gauze is used for separating the shrimp larva from the cultured water, and the shrimp larva introducing pipe is arranged on the shrimp larva transferring gauze and communicated with the culture pond to introduce the shrimp larva into the shrimp larva transferring gauze;

crayfish management: the water quality is regulated by using the modifier, nitrite and ammonia nitrogen at the bottom of the culture pond are modified, and the aeration machine is kept for 2 hours every day for oxygenation.

According to the method for cultivating the seawater shrimps, the seawater is filtered in the algae cultivation step, the using amount of the bleaching powder in the algae cultivation step is 50 g/square meter, and the diluted hydrochloric acid is added into the bleaching powder in a ratio of 1 to 8.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

according to the seawater shrimp culture method, seawater is filtered by the seawater filtering system and then is fed into the culture pond for changing water in the culture pond, meanwhile, the air filtering system is connected with the aeration pipe in the culture pond to aerate the water in the culture pond, so that the oxygen content of the water is improved, the problems that water is basically not changed in a culture period, ions in a culture water body are unbalanced and the like are avoided, various supplementary reagents are required to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, shrimp seedlings are isolated in a seedling culture area through the filtering and filtering device of the culture pond, and the shrimp seedlings are prevented from being carried out of the culture pond when being changed in the water change area. The investment of the early-stage equipment is extremely large; the equipment has huge energy consumption, and the cultivation cost is more than one time higher than the traditional cultivation cost; the method has the advantages that water is not changed basically in the whole cultivation period, the cultivation water body has a plurality of problems of ion imbalance and the like, various supplementary reagents are needed to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, and the technical problem of shrimp larvae growth is affected.

[ description of the drawings ]

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the seawater shrimp farming system and method of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first filter device 301 of the marine shrimp farming system and method of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second filter device 303 of the marine shrimp farming system and method of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an air filtration system 40 of the marine shrimp farming system and method of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an outdoor filter 402 of the marine shrimp farming system and method of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view in the direction B-B of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in fig. 4.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a fairy tale culture apparatus 50 of the present application for a seawater shrimp culture system and method.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a nursery pond filter assembly 20 of the seawater shrimp farming system and farming method of the present application.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the seawater shrimp farming system and the farming method of the present application, with the stationary connection post 202 and connection pipe 203 installed.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a nursery screen 201 of the seawater shrimp farming system and farming method of the present application.

Fig. 12 is an exploded view of a lobster transfer device 60 of the seawater shrimp farming system and method of the present application.

[ detailed description ] of the application

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the present application provides a seawater shrimp farming system: including breed aquatics pond 10, still include: the culture pond filtering device 20 is arranged in the culture pond 10, and meshes for blocking shrimp seedlings from passing through are formed in the culture pond filtering device 20 so as to divide the culture pond 10 into a culture area 101 and a water changing area 102; a seawater filtering system 30, which is communicated to the water changing area 102, wherein the seawater filtering system 30 comprises a first filtering device 301 and a second filtering device 302 for filtering seawater; the air filtering system 40 is communicated with an aeration pipeline 103 arranged at the bottom of the culture pond 10, and the filtered air is introduced into the aeration pipeline 103 to improve the oxygen content of the water in the culture pond 10. According to the embodiment of the application, seawater is filtered by the seawater filtering system and then is sent into the culture pond for changing water in the culture pond, meanwhile, the air filtering system is connected with the aeration pipe in the culture pond for aerating the water in the culture pond, so that the oxygen content of the water is improved, the problems that water is not changed basically in a culture period, ions are unbalanced in a culture water body and the like are solved, various supplementary reagents are required to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, meanwhile, the shrimp larvae are isolated in a culture area through the filtering device of the culture pond, and the water is changed in the water changing area, so that the shrimp larvae are prevented from being carried out of the culture pond when the water is changed. The investment of the early-stage equipment is extremely large; the equipment has huge energy consumption, and the cultivation cost is more than one time higher than the traditional cultivation cost; the seawater shrimp culture system and the culture method have the advantages that water is not changed basically in the whole culture period, the culture water body has a plurality of problems of ion imbalance and the like, various supplementary reagents are needed to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, and the growth of shrimp larvae is influenced.

The seawater filtration system 30 comprises: the first water reservoir 303 is used for storing seawater, a first water suction pump 304 is arranged between the first water reservoir 303 and the first filtering device 301, and is used for sucking the water of the first water reservoir 303 into the first filtering device 301 for filtering, and the first filtering device 301 can filter large particles in the water; the second water reservoir 305 is communicated with the first filtering device 301 and is used for containing water discharged by the first filtering device 301, and a second water suction pump 306 is arranged between the second water reservoir 305 and the second filtering device 302 and is used for sucking the water in the second water reservoir 305 into the second filtering device 302 for filtering, and the second filtering device 302 can filter smell and bacteria in the water. The first filtering device 301 is a sand filtering cylinder, the first filtering device 301 comprises a cylinder 301a, a water inlet 301b connected with the first water suction pump 304, and a water outlet 301c communicated with the second water reservoir 305, and the water inlet 301b is arranged above the water outlet 301 c; a filter cavity 301d is arranged in the cylinder 301a, the filter cavity 301d is respectively provided with a gravel filter layer 301e and a quartz sand filter layer 301f from bottom to top, a first connecting pipe 301g is arranged on the water inlet 301b, a spray head 301h is arranged at the top of the first connecting pipe 301g, the height of the spray head 301h is higher than that of the quartz sand filter layer 301f, a second connecting pipe 301i extending into the gravel filter layer 301e is arranged on the water outlet 301c, and a plurality of filter pipes 301j are connected to the second connecting pipe 301 i;

the second filtering device 302 is an activated carbon filtering box, the second filtering device 302 includes a box body 302a, and a plurality of activated carbon plates 302b which are detachably arranged in the box body 302a, the activated carbon plates 302b are arranged at intervals, an upper opening 302c which is communicated with the second water suction pump 306 is arranged at the top of the box body 302a, and a lower opening 302d which is communicated with the culture pond 10 is arranged at the bottom of the box body 302 a. According to the embodiment of the application, seawater is filtered by the sand filtering tank and the activated carbon filter box and then is introduced into the culture pond 10, meanwhile, part of water in the clean water pond 80 is simultaneously introduced into the culture pond 10, a mud layer is filled at the bottom of the culture pond 10, the living environment is simulated, the algae cultivation is supplemented with oxygen through the plurality of aeration pipes 103, meanwhile, the seawater is sterilized by the lighting device 70, the lighting device can also supplement light for the algae cultivation, the seawater can be used for cultivating the algae cultivation after triple filtration, and the consumption of fresh water is reduced. The seawater flows out from the water outlet 206 by using pressure after being filtered by the stone filtering layer 301e and the quartz sand filtering layer 301f, the efficiency of flowing out is increased by the filtering pipe 301j, and the filtering area of the seawater, the gravel filtering layer 301e and the quartz sand filtering layer 301f is increased by the nozzle 301h, so that the filtering effect is better.

The nursery pond filter 20 includes: the device comprises a seedling culture filter screen 201, two fixed connecting columns 202 arranged on two sides of the seedling culture filter screen 201, connecting pipes 203 arranged on the side wall in the culture pond 10 and used for installing and fixing the fixed connecting columns, and a pressing device 204 used for pressing part of the seedling culture filter screen 201 placed at the bottom of the culture pond 10. According to the embodiment of the application, the filter assembly 10 is arranged in the seedling raising pond, the seedling raising pond 30 is divided into the seedling raising area 301 and the water changing area 302, the shrimp seedlings are isolated at one side of the seedling raising area 301 through the seedling raising filter screen 101, water pumping and water changing are carried out from the water changing area, so that the problem that the shrimp seedlings are pumped out when the seedlings are raised Chi Huanshui is avoided. The upper end of the connecting pipe 203 is provided with a first opening 203a, the first opening 203a and the inner wall 203b of the connecting pipe 203 form a containing cavity 203c for containing the fixed connection post 203, the circumference side of the connecting pipe 20 is provided with a first clamping port 203d arranged longitudinally, and the first clamping port 203d extends from the outer wall 203e to the inner wall 203b of the connecting pipe 203 and is communicated with the containing cavity 203 c. The connecting pipe 203 is used for fixing the fixing connecting post 202, and fixing the left and right sides of the seedling culturing filter screen 201 in the culturing pond 10. The two ends of the fixed connection column 202 are respectively provided with a second opening 202a, the second openings 202a mutually extend to form a channel 202b, the peripheral surface of the fixed connection column 202 is provided with a second clamping interface 202c longitudinally communicated with the channel 202b, the upper and lower ends of the second clamping interface 202c respectively extend to the two second openings 202a, so that the seedling culture filter screen 201 enters the channel 202b through the second openings 202a, and the fixed connection column 202 is also provided with a fixing device 202d capable of fixing the seedling culture filter screen 201. The fixed connection column 202 is fixed on the seedling culture filter screen 201 through a screw assembly, and the fixed connection column 202 is clamped in the connecting pipe 203 to fix the seedling culture filter screen 201.

Also included is a fairy shrimp culture device 50 for cultivating lobsters, the fairy shrimp culture device 50 comprising: the cultivating pot 501 is made of a light-transmitting material, a cultivating device fixing frame 502 for fixing the cultivating pot 501, a light shielding plate 503 detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the cultivating pot 501 and used for shielding an external light source of the cultivating pot 501 so that the inside of the cultivating pot 501 is in a non-light source environment, and a switch valve 504 arranged at the bottom of the cultivating pot 501 and used for discharging adult fairy beetles out of the cultivating pot 501. According to the embodiment of the application, the fresh water and the artemia eggs are poured into the culture tank 501 for culture, namely, the eggs are hatched, after the eggs are hatched, the artemia after the eggs are hatched are sunk into the water bottom of the fresh water, the artemia shells after the eggs are hatched float on the water surface of the fresh water, as the artemia have phototaxis, the upper middle part of the culture tank 501 is shielded by the light shielding plate 503, the artemia are converged at the bottom by irradiating the light source at the bottom of the culture tank 501, the adult water and the artemia shells are separated by the switch valve 504, the separation efficiency is improved, the existing artemia hatching mode is that the fresh water and the eggs are put into the water barrel for hatching and culturing the eggs, the hatched artemia shells float on the water surface, and the hatched artemia shells are easily mixed together when the artemia shells are extracted, the hatching efficiency of the artemia shells is influenced, the hatching efficiency of the artemia shells is increased, the separation difficulty of the artemia shells and the artemia shells is increased, the bottom of the culture tank is arranged in a shape, and the pressure is increased, and the inverted efficiency is improved; the cultivation jar 501 top still is equipped with the shading membrane 505 that is used for the shading, shading membrane 505 with cultivation jar 501 detachable connection, shading membrane 505 is opaque, is used for shielding cultivation jar 501's top, avoid the adult of fairy shrimp towards the opening at cultivation jar 501 top gathers.

Further included is a lobster transfer device 60 for transferring lobsters within the aquarium 10, the lobster transfer device 60 comprising: the shrimp larva transferring frame 601, a shrimp larva transferring screen 602 which is detachably connected to the shrimp larva transferring frame 601 and used for separating shrimp larva from cultured water, and a shrimp larva inlet pipe 603 which is arranged on the shrimp larva transferring screen 602 and communicated with a culture pond and used for leading the shrimp larva into the shrimp larva transferring screen 602. The shrimp larva transporting screen 602 is fixed through the shrimp larva transporting frame 601, a shrimp larva inlet pipe 603 is arranged on the shrimp larva transporting screen 602, the shrimp larva inlet pipe 603 is connected with a water outlet of the culture pond 10, the water outlet of the culture pond is opened, the shrimp larva is sent into the shrimp larva transporting screen along with pond water, the pond water leaks out through meshes of the shrimp larva transporting screen 602, the shrimp larva stays in the shrimp larva transporting screen and is transported through the shrimp larva transporting frame, and the fishing efficiency is improved.

Also included is a lighting device 70, the lighting device 70 comprising: a lamp holder 701 arranged at the side of the culture pond 10 and a lamp assembly 702 arranged on the lamp holder 701, wherein the lamp assembly 702 comprises a plurality of groups of lighting lamp tubes 701a and sterilizing lamp tubes 701b. The lighting lamp 701a is used for supplementing light for algae cultivation in poor weather, and the sterilizing lamp 701b is used for sterilizing and disinfecting water in the cultivation pond.

The air filtering system 40 comprises at least two indoor air pumps 401, an outdoor filtering device 402, a breather pipe 403, a three-way valve 404 and a conveying pipeline 405, wherein the outdoor filtering device 402 is used for filtering outdoor air, the breather pipe 403 is arranged on one side of the outdoor filtering device 402 and is used for ventilating and filtering the external air, the indoor air pumps 401 are arranged in parallel, the front ends of the indoor air pumps 401 are respectively connected with the air path of the other side of the outdoor filtering device 402, the rear ends of the indoor air pumps 401 are communicated to the conveying pipeline 405 in series through the three-way valve 404, and the air filtered by the outdoor filtering device 402 is conveyed into the culture pond 10 through the conveying pipeline 405 to supplement oxygen for the culture pond 10; the breather pipe 403 is provided with a plurality of first filtering components 403a for preliminary filtering, and the air path of the outdoor filtering device 402 connected with the indoor air pump 401 is provided with a second filtering component 402a for secondary filtering. According to the embodiment of the application, by arranging two indoor air pumps 401 in parallel to sequentially enter an air pipe 403, an outdoor filtering device 402 and a filtering branch air passage 40, the air is filtered for the first time through the air pipe 30 and is filtered for the second time through the outdoor filtering device 20, and then is introduced into the indoor air pump 401, when the indoor air pump 401 is sent to the conveying pipeline 405, the third filtering is performed, the content of large particles in the air is reduced, the cost of the large particles is lower than that of pure oxygen in the air, the outdoor filtering device 402 comprises a shell 402a, a gas filtering cavity 402b is arranged in the shell 402a, the shell 402a comprises an air inlet 402c and at least two air outlets 402d, the air inlet 402c is communicated with the air pipe 403, the air outlets 402d are communicated with the air passage 401 of the indoor air pump, the indoor air pump 401 is communicated with the three-way valve 404 through the air passage, the conveying pipeline 405 is communicated with the aeration pipeline 103, the filtered air is input into a culture pond, and the air passage 402 is composed of a plurality of pipelines 406, and the gas filtering cavity 402b is used for enabling the first time of oxygen to pass through the third filtering device 405. Each indoor air pump 401 comprises an air inlet 401a and an air outlet 401b, a throttling device 408 is arranged on a pipeline 406 communicated with the air inlet 401a of the indoor air pump 401, and an automatic control valve 409 is arranged on a pipeline 406 which is positioned on one filtering branch air path 406 and is communicated with the air outlet 401b of the indoor air pump 401. The indoor air pump 401 is an air pump, and the pipeline 406 is suspended and fixed on the indoor and outdoor walls, and because the southern weather is easily affected by typhoons, when the pipeline 406 is arranged on the ground, the pipeline 406 is easy to damage, and water is extremely easy to enter, so that the use of the indoor air pump 401 is affected. The throttle device 408 is a throttle valve. For adjusting the air inlet rate of the filtering branch air path 408, and closing the throttling device 408, the air inlet to the pipe 406 may be stopped, and the automatic control valve 409 is an electromagnetic valve. The method has a good control effect and improves the control precision.

A method for culturing sea shrimps comprises the following specific steps: construction and reconstruction of a cultivation field: comprises a culture pond, a first water reservoir, a second water reservoir, a clean water pond, an air filtering system, an illumination system and a fairy shrimp culture device; and (3) a culture pond: the water-soil mixing pool occupies 20-30% of the field area, the pool height is 1.8-2.2 m, the area size is 0.4-0.8 mu, a mud block layer with the thickness of 30cm is arranged in the culture pool, and algae cultivation is carried out in the water body; planting water hyacinth in 1/5-2/5 area; a seedling culturing filter screen is arranged in the culturing pond, and the culturing pond is divided into a seedling culturing area and a water changing area; water inlet and drainage is designed in the water changing area according to the principle of upper inlet and lower drainage; an oxygen delivery pipeline is arranged in the seedling raising area; a first reservoir: the occupied area is 15-20%, the water depth is 1.5-2 m, and the extracted seawater is stored in the common pool; a second reservoir: the water depth is 1.5-2 meters, the seawater filtered by the filtering sand cylinder is stored in the pool, and the seawater filtered for the first time in the pool is filtered by the active carbon filter box and then is introduced into the culture pool; pool: the floor area is 15-20%, the water depth is 1.5-2 m, and the common clean water is stored in the pool and used for being introduced into the culture pool; air filtration system: comprises two indoor air pumps, an outdoor filtering device, two filtering branch air paths, a vent pipe, a three-way valve and a conveying pipeline; the outdoor breather pipe is communicated with the outdoor filtering device, the two indoor air pumps are respectively arranged on the two filtering branch air paths, the two filtering branch air paths are connected in parallel to the outdoor filtering device, the tail ends of the two filtering branch air paths are connected to the three-way valve, the conveying pipeline is connected to the three-way valve and is communicated with the two filtering branch air paths, and filtered air is conveyed into the oxygen conveying pipeline through the conveying pipeline; an illumination system: an illumination system consisting of a plurality of illumination lamps and a sterilizing lamp is arranged above the cultivation pool, the sterilizing lamp is used for sterilizing water resources in the cultivation pool, and the illumination lamps are used for supplementing light for cultivating algae; fairy shrimp culture device: the culture tank is in a circular barrel shape made of organic glass, the bottom of the culture tank is in a funnel shape, an annular light shielding plate is arranged on the periphery of the middle upper part of the culture tank, the culture tank is shielded, the wall of the culture tank is sterilized by using a strong hypochlorous acid solution, and artemia cysts are put into the culture tank for hatching;

filtering seawater for cultivating algae and cultivating algae: pumping seawater into a first reservoir, sterilizing the seawater by using bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide or the like, fully aerating to ensure that residual chlorine is less than 0.3mg/L, filtering the water in the first reservoir by using a water pump, and then delivering the filtered water to a second reservoir, sterilizing the water in the second reservoir by using the bleaching powder, the chlorine dioxide or the chlorine dioxide and the like, fully aerating, sterilizing and fully aerating, and delivering the water into a culture pond by using the water pump after the residual chlorine is less than 0.1mg/L for culturing alga; the algae cultivation step, wherein a base fertilizer is used in a mud block layer of a cultivation pond, and filtered seawater and clear water in a clear water pond are mixed according to a ratio of 1: mixing the ratio of 10 into a culture pond, introducing algae seeds periodically, using some algae cultivation products periodically, and enriching algae in water body, wherein the time interval is 10 days; specific to the own water body and the breed; supplementing nutrient elements once a week, periodically using some fertilizer water products, removing toxic substances and culturing algae, supplementing carbon according to the color change of algae water, changing the nitrogen-phosphorus ratio of water, changing water by not more than 10% of water in a pond each time, and increasing oxygen by an oxygen delivery pipe in a culture pond to keep the dissolved oxygen not lower than 5mg/L;

seedling placement: when the water temperature in the clean water tank reaches more than 24 ℃, seedling placement is started, the water salinity of the clean water tank is regulated to be close to that of the culture tank, the salinity is not more than 25 per mill, the shrimp seedlings reach 1.0-1.2cm, and all virus, vibrio and intestinal liver bag insect detection and emergency test are carried out; miao Di is put for two days, and the high-protein reinforced buoyancy material is fed together with duckweed feed, and is fed once in the morning and evening every day; pumping water in the culture pond to a small pond by using a water pump for salinity adjustment, wherein the water inflow is not more than 15 per mill of the height of the pond every day, the water level is controlled between 1.2 and 1.5 meters, the water temperature of the small pond is stabilized at more than 25 ℃ for 20 days, and the seedlings grow to 3-4cm, so that the shrimp seedlings in the small pond can be conveyed into the culture pond for culture by using a lobster transferring device;

crayfish management: the water quality is regulated by using the modifier, nitrite and ammonia nitrogen at the bottom of the culture pond are modified, and the aeration machine is kept for 2 hours every day for oxygenation. According to the embodiment of the application, seawater is filtered by the seawater filtering system and then is sent into the culture pond for changing water in the culture pond, meanwhile, the air filtering system is connected with the aeration pipe in the culture pond for aerating the water in the culture pond, so that the oxygen content of the water is improved, the problems that water is not changed basically in a culture period, ions are unbalanced in a culture water body and the like are solved, various supplementary reagents are required to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, meanwhile, the shrimp larvae are isolated in a culture area through the filtering device of the culture pond, and the water is changed in the water changing area, so that the shrimp larvae are prevented from being carried out of the culture pond when the water is changed. The investment of the early-stage equipment is extremely large; the equipment has huge energy consumption, and the cultivation cost is more than one time higher than the traditional cultivation cost; the water is not changed basically in the whole cultivation period, the cultivation water body has a plurality of problems such as ion unbalance, various supplementary reagents are required to be put in, the effect of natural seawater is still difficult to achieve, the technical problem of shrimp larvae growth is affected, algae cultivation is carried out in the cultivation pond, the survival rate of the shrimp larvae is improved through water changing and disinfection, and the oxygen content of water in the cultivation pond is guaranteed.

Filtering seawater for cultivating algae, wherein the amount of bleaching powder used in cultivating algae is 50 g/square meter, and diluted hydrochloric acid is added into the bleaching powder in a ratio of 1 to 8. Has the effect of teaching water disinfection.

The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if it makes various changes to the present application, it still falls within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The method for culturing the seawater shrimps is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:

construction and reconstruction of a cultivation field: comprises a culture pond, a first water reservoir, a second water reservoir, a clean water pond, an air filtering system, an illumination system and a fairy shrimp culture device;

filtering seawater for cultivating algae and cultivating algae: pumping seawater into a first reservoir, sterilizing the seawater by using bleaching powder or chlorine dioxide or strong chlorine essence, fully aerating to ensure that residual chlorine is less than 0.3mg/L, filtering the water in the first reservoir by using a water pump, and then delivering the filtered water to a second reservoir, sterilizing the water in the second reservoir by using the bleaching powder or the strong chlorine essence, fully aerating, sterilizing and fully aerating, and delivering the water into a culture pond by using the water pump after the residual chlorine is less than 0.1mg/L for culturing alga;