CN114793580B - Microbial agent dispensing method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation - Google Patents
Microbial agent dispensing method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114793580B CN114793580B CN202210315325.3A CN202210315325A CN114793580B CN 114793580 B CN114793580 B CN 114793580B CN 202210315325 A CN202210315325 A CN 202210315325A CN 114793580 B CN114793580 B CN 114793580B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial agent dispensing method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation, which is divided into three sections from the time of transplanting, namely a turning green period, a tillering period of 11-60 d, a jointing period, a reproduction period of 61-115 and a yellow ripeness period of 116d to harvest after 1-10 d; a green-turning period, and natural water irrigation; irrigation is carried out by reclaimed water in the tillering stage and the jointing stage, the soil moisture of the rice field is controlled to be 70% -100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, and when the soil moisture is lower than 70% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, the reclaimed water is irrigated to 100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil; and (3) in the reproductive period, natural water irrigation, wherein the soil moisture of the rice field is controlled to be 70% -100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, and when the soil moisture is lower than 70% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, the regenerated water is irrigated to be 100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil. And (3) irrigating the combination of the regenerated water and natural water, and applying a microbial agent to promote the growth of rice and increase the yield of the rice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rice planting method, in particular to a microbial agent dispensing method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation.
Background
The regenerated water irrigation becomes an effective means for relieving the contradiction between water resource supply and demand worldwide so as to relieve the problem of water resource shortage, and particularly in the areas with insufficient water demand relieving measures, although the regenerated water irrigation can save fertilizer cost and promote crop growth, the regenerated water has high salt content and is easy to generate soil salinization; the normal growth of crops is affected under the condition of long-term reclaimed water irrigation. Therefore, how to prevent and solve the risks and threats generated by the secondary water irrigation in agricultural production is an important problem of the secondary water irrigation.
At present, the similar technology adopts a few technical schemes of alternately irrigating regenerated water and clear water to slow down the accumulation of soil salinity or adding additives to promote the growth of crops in salinized soil and combining the regenerated water and the clear water.
At present, various microbial agents are used for improving soil environment in the market, such as microbial agents disclosed in CN202111193307.4, CN202110414074.X and the like, which can promote the growth of crops in adverse conditions, but are lack of microbial agent preparation schemes aiming at special water sources, such as reclaimed water, brackish water and the like.
The prior art adopts measures such as filtration, biological purification, disinfection and the like for the safe utilization of the reclaimed water, so that the harm of the reclaimed water to the environment is greatly reduced, for example, the heavy metal elimination method (CN 201711402453.7) for the reclaimed water irrigation can reduce the heavy metal in the reclaimed water; a method for evaluating the risk of groundwater pollution in secondary water irrigation (CN 107563603A) evaluates the risk of secondary water irrigation, even if the conductivity of the secondary water discharged from a sewage treatment plant at present is above 1000 mu S/cm, the soil salinization is necessarily caused by long-term irrigation. The technical staff designs a safety combined utilization device (CN 111418480A) for brackish water and regenerated water in farmland irrigation, and the idea is to mix the regenerated water and the brackish water in a certain proportion so as to reduce the conductivity of the water, so that the utilization space of the brackish water is expanded, but the conductivity of the mixed water is still higher. Therefore, in order to irrigate with reclaimed water, firstly, the irrigation time is strictly controlled, and secondly, measures are needed to regulate the soil environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a microbial agent dispensing method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a microbial agent dispensing method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) From the time of transplanting, dividing the rice growth period into three sections, namely 1-10 d, namely a turning green period, 11-60 d tillering period, a jointing period, 61-115 reproductive period and 116 d-harvest period, by 10 days after the rice transplanting and 60 days after the rice transplanting; the water depth of the paddy field is kept to be about 10cm by adopting natural water for irrigation in the green-turning period;
(2) Irrigation is carried out by adopting reclaimed water in the tillering stage and the jointing stage, the soil moisture of the rice field is controlled to be 70% -100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, and when the soil moisture is lower than 70% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, the reclaimed water is irrigated to 100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil;
(3) In the reproduction period, natural water irrigation is adopted, the soil moisture of the paddy field is controlled to be 70% -100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, and when the soil moisture is lower than 70% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, the reclaimed water is irrigated to be 100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil.
Further, the first day of the reproductive period, namely the 61 th day after seedling transplanting, the microbial inoculum is poured into a water bucket, fully stirred by natural water, then evenly sowed into a paddy field, and a water layer of about 5cm in the field is reserved for 1-2 d. The function is as follows: (1) the microbial inoculum is uniformly inoculated on the surface layer of the soil, and the migration of microorganisms to the deep soil is promoted; (2) the water layer of about 5em downwards migrates the salt accumulated in the root layer at the tillering stage and the jointing stage by adopting reclaimed water irrigation, so as to weaken the forced damage of the salt to the rice.
Further, when the conductivity (EC) of the above-mentioned reclaimed water is lower than 1500 (μS/cm), 0.34g of Bacillus subtilis (phosphate-dissolving potassium-dissolving nitrogen-fixing) and 0.11g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (beneficial to improving thousand grain quality and increasing leaf chlorophyll) are applied per kg of soil; when EC is greater than 1500 (. Mu.S/cm), 0.45g of Bacillus subtilis or 0.45g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are applied per kg of soil (maintaining higher yield).
Further, the ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the saccharomyces cerevisiae is as follows: (1.25 g-5 g) to (1.25 g-5 g).
Further, the number of effective viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g.
Further, the yellow ripeness period naturally falls to dryness and is not irrigated.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: under the condition of combined irrigation of reclaimed water and natural water, the microbial agent is applied to promote rice growth, realize the recycling of the reclaimed water and greatly improve rice yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the experimental individual process yields in 2018 and 2019;
figure 2 shows thousands of processed grain mass from trials in 2018 and 2019.
Detailed Description
Experiments were carried out from 5 months in 2018 to 10 months in 2018, 5 months in 2019 to 10 months in 2019, and 2 irrigation sources were designed: reclaimed water and clear water (namely water with lower conductivity, including river water, well water, tap water and the like), wherein tap water is adopted in the test; the test crop is rice, and the irrigation mode is controlled irrigation. The reclaimed water conductivity EC in 2018 and 2019 was 1411and 1723. Mu.S/cm, and the tap water was 259 and 241. Mu.S/cm.
Controlling irrigation mode, except for keeping water layer of 0-5 cm after transplanting, no water layer is built in other growing periods, the upper limit of controlling soil moisture in root layer is saturated moisture content, the lower limit is 60% -80% of the saturated moisture content of soil according to different growing periods, namely 60% -70% of tillering period (high early period and low later period), 70% -75% of jointing booting period, 75% -80% of heading and flowering period and 65% -70% of milk ripening period. The day of transplanting was designated as S1 on day 1 of rice growth. In 2018, the seedbed is arranged and soaked in 5 months and 3 days, sowing is carried out 5 months and 5 days, transplanting is carried out 6 months and 14 days, 2 plants are harvested in each hole and 18 days in 10 months, and the total growth period is 127d. The seedbed is tidied and soaked in the seed of 2019 on 4 months and 17 days, the seed is sown on 4 months and 29 days, the seed is transplanted on 6 months and 2 days, the seed is harvested on 10 months and 8 days, and the total growth period is 129d. 11kg of soil is filled in each basin, the dosages of urea, potassium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate (all are analytically pure) are respectively 2.5g, 1.0g and 3.0g, and all the fertilizers are applied on the basis (uniformly scattering the fertilizers on the soil surface, and uniformly mixing the fertilizers with surface soil of 0-5 cm by manual stirring); the soil moisture condition is controlled by adopting a mass weighing method.
Under the control irrigation, each treatment is irrigated by reclaimed water for 10-60 days; after fresh water irrigation (61 d-harvest), 5 total of B and Y application treatments (hereinafter abbreviated as microbial inoculum treatments) were tested, wherein the B and Y application amounts were 5 and 0g, 3.75 and 1.25g, 2.5 and 2.5g, 1.25 and 3.75g, 0 and 5g, respectively, and the corresponding dry soil application amounts were 0.45g/kg and 0, 0.34g/kg and 0.11g/kg, 0.225g/kg and 0.225g/kg, 0.11g/kg and 0.34g/kg, respectively, and no microbial inoculum treatment (J0) was applied. The test treatment settings are shown in table 1.
Table 1 test fungicide formulation
Note that: irrigating with regenerated water 10-60 days after transplanting, and irrigating with clear water in other periods; and on the 61 th day after transplanting, uniformly mixing the microbial inoculum and the clean water, and filling the mixture into a basin.
The invention evaluates the yield increasing effect of the microorganism bacteria under the combination irrigation of the reclaimed water and the clear water according to the yield and thousand grain quality of the rice. As can be seen from fig. 1, in 2018, the J0-J5 treatment yield was significantly different from the Z treatment, with the amplification being 3.33-5.27 times, with the J2 treatment amplification being highest; thousand grain quality results show that the thousand grain quality of rice is remarkably improved by adopting combination irrigation of reclaimed water and clean water and the application of microbial inoculum in 2018. In 2019, the amounts of dry matter in the ears treated by J0, J1, J3, J4 and J5 are respectively increased by 251.85%, 311.11%, 7.41%, 61.11% and 137.04% compared with that in the ears treated by Z, wherein the differences between the treatments of J0, J1 and Z are obvious; and the thousand grain quality of J0, J1, J4 and J5 treatment is higher than that of Z treatment.
From the above, the rice yield is increased by adopting the combination irrigation of the reclaimed water and the clear water compared with the reclaimed water irrigation, and the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae with a certain time proportion can play a role in enhancing. . As can be seen from comparison of the results in two years, the conductivity (EC) of the reclaimed water adopted in 2019 is greatly higher than that in 2018, and the treatment yield in 2019 is lower than that in 2018, so that the conductivity of the reclaimed water becomes a main limiting factor for the yield of rice when the reclaimed water is adopted for irrigation, and the problem of soil salinization caused by the reclaimed water irrigation in the technical background of the invention is reflected.
Claims (3)
1. An application of a microbial agent dispensing method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation in improving rice yield and thousand seed quality at the same time, the dispensing method comprises the following steps:
(1) From the time of transplanting, dividing the rice growth period into three sections, namely 1-10 d, namely a turning green period, 11-60 d tillering period, a jointing period, 61-115 reproductive period and 116 d-harvest period, by 10 days after the rice transplanting and 60 days after the rice transplanting; the water depth of the paddy field is kept to be 10cm by adopting natural water for irrigation in the green-turning period;
(2) Irrigation is carried out by adopting reclaimed water in the tillering stage and the jointing stage, the soil moisture of the rice field is controlled to be 70% -100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, and when the soil moisture is lower than 70% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, the reclaimed water is irrigated to 100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil;
(3) In the reproduction period, natural water irrigation is adopted, the soil moisture of the rice field is controlled to be 70% -100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, and when the soil moisture is lower than 70% of the saturated moisture content of the soil, the reclaimed water is irrigated to 100% of the saturated moisture content of the soil;
the conductivity EC of the regenerated water is lower than 1500 mu S/cm, and 0.34g of bacillus subtilis and 0.11g of saccharomyces cerevisiae are applied to each kg of soil; the first day of the reproductive period, namely the 61 th day after seedling transplanting, the microbial inoculum is poured into a water bucket, fully stirred by natural water, then evenly sowed into a paddy field, and a water layer of 5cm in the field is reserved for 1-2 d.
2. The application of the microbial agent preparation method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation according to claim 1 in improving the rice yield and the quality of thousands of rice grains at the same time, which is characterized in that: the number of effective viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g.
3. The application of the microbial agent preparation method for paddy field reclaimed water-clear water combined irrigation according to claim 1 in improving the rice yield and the quality of thousands of rice grains at the same time, which is characterized in that: and in the yellow ripeness period, naturally falling to dryness, and not irrigating.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002153151A (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-05-28 | Taiyo Kogyo Co Ltd | Method for raising paddy rice seedling by hydroponics |
| CN104350990A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-18 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | Organic matrix seedling raising method for mechanically-planted paddy formula |
| CN109328933A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-15 | 王文斌 | A kind of high yield regeneration paddy rice planting method |
| WO2020252780A1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | 刘容彰 | Smart plant protection and maintenance system |
| CN113966703A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-01-25 | 湖南鼎翔源农牧有限公司 | High-yield and high-efficiency planting method for regenerated rice |
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- 2022-03-28 CN CN202210315325.3A patent/CN114793580B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002153151A (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-05-28 | Taiyo Kogyo Co Ltd | Method for raising paddy rice seedling by hydroponics |
| CN104350990A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-18 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | Organic matrix seedling raising method for mechanically-planted paddy formula |
| CN109328933A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-15 | 王文斌 | A kind of high yield regeneration paddy rice planting method |
| WO2020252780A1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | 刘容彰 | Smart plant protection and maintenance system |
| CN113966703A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-01-25 | 湖南鼎翔源农牧有限公司 | High-yield and high-efficiency planting method for regenerated rice |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 再生水灌溉对土壤性能和土壤微生物的影响研究;焦志华;黄占斌;李勇;王文萍;颜丙磊;彭丽成;李海峰;;农业环境科学学报(第02期);121-125 * |
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