CN114766613A

CN114766613A - Biological agent suitable for high-density culture of loaches and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114766613A
Application number: CN202210402678.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邢孔萍; 黄明媛; 倪冬姣; 邹新华; 杨杏萍
Original assignee: Boon Group Co ltd; Foshan Boen Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Boon Group Co ltd; Foshan Boen Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-18
Filing date: 2022-04-18
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-18
Also published as: CN114766613B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture feed, and particularly relates to a biological preparation suitable for high-density culture of loaches and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biological preparation suitable for culture of the loaches comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-30 parts of probiotics, 6-23 parts of embedding substances, 1-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extracts, 0.1-2 parts of lysozyme, 0.1-1.5 parts of vitamin C, 2-8 parts of earthworm powder, 0.5-2 parts of beta-glucan, 0.5-2 parts of neutral protease, 0.1-1.5 parts of nucleotide, 5-20 parts of fish paste and 0.1-2 parts of DMPT.

Description

Biological agent suitable for high-density culture of loaches and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture feed, and particularly relates to a biological agent suitable for loach culture and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, the rise of the loach high-density culture technology brings good economic benefits, and simultaneously, the problems of loach disease outbreak and culture water body pollution are caused, and the two problems restrict the popularization of the loach high-density culture technology and the improvement of the economic benefits. Therefore, the search of green and safe additives capable of improving the immunity of the loaches and purifying water bodies becomes an important direction of research. The biological preparation has the advantages of no toxic or side effect, capability of improving the immunity of the organism by regulating the intestinal health of animals, capability of purifying water quality and the like, but in practical application, the biological preparation has unsatisfactory effect, poor stability and obvious differentiation in practical application due to different product characteristics and manufacturing processes. Therefore, there is a need for developing a stable and environment-friendly biological agent for culturing loaches, which can enhance the resistance of the loaches, reduce diseases of the loaches, increase the culture income of the loaches and realize green culture.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of the existing loach culture preparation, the invention aims to provide a biological preparation suitable for high-density loach culture and a preparation method thereof.

Based on the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

in a first aspect, the invention provides a biological agent suitable for high-density culture of loaches, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

12-30 parts of probiotics, 6-23 parts of embedding substances, 1-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extracts, 0.1-2 parts of lysozyme, 0.1-1.5 parts of vitamin C, 2-8 parts of earthworm powder, 0.5-2 parts of beta-glucan, 0.5-2 parts of neutral protease, 0.1-1.5 parts of nucleotide, 5-20 parts of fish paste and 0.1-2 parts of DMPT.

The probiotics have the functions of promoting digestion, inhibiting harmful bacteria, improving intestinal beneficial flora, providing important nutrient substances and the like, and when the probiotics are applied to the loaches, the residual bait can also inhibit the harmful bacteria in the culture water body, so that the aim of purifying the water body is fulfilled; the Chinese herbal medicine extract has the functions of bacteriostasis, antioxidation, liver protection, stress resistance, immunity improvement and the like.

Because the crude protein content of the loach feed is high, the neutral protease can degrade plant proteins in the loach feed, such as the proteins in rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal, and degrade the plant proteins into small molecules, so that the digestion and absorption of the loach are facilitated, the nitrogen emission is reduced, the water pollution caused by excessive nitrogen accumulation in a water body is avoided, and the neutral protease is suitable for a neutral internal environment of an intestinal tract of the loach; the beta-glucan is beneficial to promoting the proliferation of intestinal probiotics of the loaches and is also beneficial to promoting the absorption of trace elements of iron and calcium.

The lysozyme has the functions of antibiosis, antiphlogosis, antivirus, and the like, and mainly inhibits gram-positive bacteria such as micrococcus and the like; the vitamin C can remarkably improve the activity of lysozyme in serum, thereby having the functions of diminishing inflammation, resisting bacteria and viruses, playing an important role in nutrition and immunity and avoiding bleeding of organism tissues.

The embedding substance is mainly used for embedding active ingredients such as probiotics, vitamin C, neutral protease and the like, so that the stability of the active ingredients in a biological preparation is improved, and the inactivation and invalidation of the active ingredients are avoided.

The earthworm powder can improve the activities of lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase of the organism, thereby improving the immunity of the organism and being a good phagostimulant; the nucleotide can improve the intestinal tract morphological structure and enhance the oxidation resistance, and meanwhile, the unique flavor of the nucleotide has specific effects on the olfactory nerve, taste and chemoreceptor of the loach, has synergistic effect on other phagostimulants and enables the loach to be more stable; the fish paste is a feed raw material prepared for aquatic products, is added into loach feed for self-feeding nutrition to be absorbed better, is also a high-quality phagostimulant, contains rich amino acid and small peptide, is a nutrition supplement raw material, and can also be used as a rich protein source; DMPT is a high-quality phagostimulant for loaches and has the effect of promoting nutrition metabolism of the loaches.

The biological preparation prepared by compounding the components has the effects of comprehensively protecting the loaches from various aspects such as bacteriostasis, regulating intestinal health, improving immunity, being easy to absorb, promoting ingestion and the like, has the effects of improving the intestinal environment of the loaches, improving the immunity, inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and the like, improves the stability of probiotics and active ingredients by embedding the active ingredients and the probiotics by the embedding agent, and achieves the aims of maintaining the health of the loaches for a long time, purifying water bodies and culturing the loaches in a green way.

The biological agent can regulate the intestinal health of the loaches, the residual bait can inhibit harmful bacteria in the culture water body, and the water quality is purified, and the biological agent is non-toxic, harmless and residue-free, so that the effect of green and healthy culture can be achieved.

Preferably, the probiotics comprise 2-10 parts of bacillus subtilis and 10-20 parts of enterococcus faecalis in parts by weight.

The bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis can maintain the microecological balance of the digestive tract, promote the absorption of nutrient substances, improve the immunity of the organism and purify the aquaculture water environment, and the combination of the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis has better effect.

Preferably, the embedding material comprises 5-15 parts by weight of beta-cyclodextrin and 1-8 parts by weight of sodium alginate.

The invention uses beta-cyclodextrin and sodium alginate to coat probiotics, so that the probiotics can effectively reach the intestinal tract, the utilization rate of the intestinal tract is improved, the loss is reduced, the beneficial flora of the intestinal tract is improved, and the environment of the intestinal tract is improved. The beta-cyclodextrin and the sodium alginate embed the vitamin C and the neutral protease, which is beneficial to keeping the biological activity of the vitamin C and the neutral protease, avoiding inactivation failure and reducing the using effect of the vitamin C and the neutral protease.

Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises 0.5-5 parts by weight of astragalus polysaccharide and 0.5-5 parts by weight of acanthopanax extract.

The astragalus polysaccharide has the functions of bacteriostasis, antioxidation, liver protection, stress resistance, immunity improvement and the like, the acanthopanax extract can improve the humoral immunity of the body, and the compound of the astragalus polysaccharide and the acanthopanax extract can better improve the immunity of the loach body, improve the survival rate of the loach and promote the growth of the loach.

Preferably, the biological preparation further comprises 40-60 parts by weight of montmorillonite.

Montmorillonite not only can compensate animal nutrients, but also can regulate CP flow in animal body, and has certain effect in preventing digestive tract diseases.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a biological agent suitable for high-density culture of loaches, which comprises the following steps:

s1: embedding probiotics by using the embedding substance and drying to prepare probiotics microcapsules;

s2: embedding the vitamin C and neutral protease by using an embedding substance and drying to prepare VC + protease microcapsules;

s3: and uniformly mixing the probiotic microcapsules, the VC + protease microcapsules and other components to prepare the biological agent suitable for high-density culture of the loaches.

The invention uses the embedding substance to embed the probiotics, the vitamin C and the neutral protease in advance, on one hand, the invention is beneficial to the probiotics to effectively reach the intestinal tract when in use, improves the utilization rate of the intestinal tract, reduces the loss, improves the beneficial flora of the intestinal tract and improves the environment of the intestinal tract, on the other hand, the invention is beneficial to maintaining the biological activity of the vitamin C and the neutral protease and avoiding the inactivation and invalidation of the probiotics in the use or storage process.

In addition, the probiotic microcapsule and the VC + protease microcapsule have small particle sizes and good dispersibility, play a good role in protecting easily inactivated active ingredients such as probiotics and photosensitive ingredients such as VC, prevent the active ingredients from mutually reacting, ensure the stability of the using effect and have the advantage of convenient storage and transportation.

Preferably, the preparation method of the probiotic microcapsule in step S1 is as follows:

(1) adding 5-15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin and 1-8 parts of sodium alginate into water to prepare embedding liquid with the mass concentration of 2 wt%;

(2) adding 2-10 parts of bacillus subtilis and 10-20 parts of enterococcus faecalis into the embedding liquid, stirring uniformly, and adding into the embedding liquid containing Ca²⁺In the water solution, the probiotic microcapsules are prepared by coagulation, washing and drying.

Preferably, the preparation method of the VC + protease microcapsule in step S2 is as follows:

(1) adding 5-15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin and 1-8 parts of sodium alginate into water to prepare an embedding solution with the mass concentration of 2 wt%;

(2) adding 0.1-1.5 parts of vitamin C and 0.5-2 parts of neutral protease into the embedding liquid, stirring uniformly, and adding into the Ca-containing solution²⁺And (3) in the water solution, solidifying, washing and drying to obtain the probiotic microcapsule.

Preferably, the method for mixing the probiotic microcapsule, the VC + protease microcapsule and other components in step S3 is as follows:

(1) uniformly mixing 1-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 0.1-2 parts of lysozyme, 0.1-2 parts of DMPT, 0.5-2 parts of beta-glucan and 0.1-1.5 parts of nucleotide to obtain a medicine mixture;

(2) uniformly mixing 2-8 parts of earthworm powder, 5-20 parts of fish paste and 40-60 parts of montmorillonite to obtain a phagostimulant mixture;

(3) and uniformly mixing the probiotic microcapsule, the VC + protease microcapsule, the medicine mixture and the phagostimulant mixture to prepare the biological preparation suitable for high-density culture of the loaches.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the biological preparation suitable for high-density culture of the loaches, the loaches are comprehensively protected from multiple aspects such as bacteriostasis, intestinal health regulation, immunity improvement, ingestion promotion, easy absorption and pathogenic bacteria inhibition through compounding of various functional active substances, and the active ingredients and the probiotics are embedded by the embedding agent, so that the stability of the probiotics and the active ingredients is improved, and the purposes of long-term loach health maintenance, water body purification and green culture are achieved.

Detailed Description

To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The test methods used in the examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a biological agent suitable for high-density culture of loaches and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biological agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1 part of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.5 part of acanthopanax senticosus extract, 0.1 part of lysozyme, 0.1 part of vitamin C, 2 parts of earthworm powder, 0.5 part of beta-glucan, 0.5 part of neutral protease, 0.1 part of nucleotide, 5 parts of fish paste, 0.1 part of DMPT and 40 parts of montmorillonite.

The preparation method of the biological agent suitable for high-density loach culture comprises the following steps:

s1: preparation of embedding liquid

5 parts of beta-cyclodextrin and 1 part of sodium alginate are added into water to prepare embedding liquid with the mass concentration of 2 wt%, and the embedding liquid is divided into two parts in equal quantity for later use.

S2: preparation of probiotic microcapsules

Adding 2 parts of bacillus subtilis and 10 parts of enterococcus faecalis into one part of the embedding liquid obtained in the step S1, uniformly stirring to obtain a probiotic pre-embedding liquid, slowly adding the probiotic pre-embedding liquid into a calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1:10, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 2 wt%, stirring for 1h to fully solidify the probiotic pre-embedding liquid, fully washing with distilled water for three times to obtain wet microcapsules, and performing vacuum freeze drying on the wet microcapsules at-60 ℃ for 3h to obtain the probiotic microcapsules.

S3: preparation of VC + protease microcapsule

Adding 0.1 part of VC and 0.5 part of neutral protease into the other embedding solution in the step S1, uniformly stirring to prepare a VC + protease pre-embedding solution, slowly adding the VC + protease pre-embedding solution into a calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1:10, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 2 wt%, stirring for 1h to fully solidify the VC + protease pre-embedding solution, fully washing with distilled water for three times to prepare wet microcapsules, and placing the wet microcapsules at-60 ℃ for vacuum freeze drying for 3h to prepare the VC + protease microcapsules.

S4: preparation of biological agents

Placing 0.5 part of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.5 part of acanthopanax root extract, 0.1 part of lysozyme, 0.1 part of DMPT, 0.5 part of beta-glucan and 0.1 part of nucleotide in a horizontal mixing stirrer, stirring for 5min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a medicine mixture.

And (3) placing 2 parts of earthworm powder, 5 parts of fish paste and 40 parts of montmorillonite into a horizontal mixing stirrer to be stirred for 10min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the phagostimulant mixture.

And (3) uniformly stirring the prepared probiotic microcapsules, the VC + protease microcapsules, the medicine mixture and the phagostimulant mixture in a horizontal stirrer for 3min to prepare the biological preparation suitable for high-density culture of the loaches.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a biological agent suitable for high-density culture of loaches and a preparation method thereof, and the biological agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of enterococcus faecalis, 12 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 4 parts of sodium alginate, 2.5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 2.5 parts of acanthopanax senticosus extract, 1 part of lysozyme, 0.8 part of vitamin C, 5 parts of earthworm powder, 0.8 part of beta-glucan, 1.2 parts of neutral protease, 0.9 part of nucleotide, 15 parts of fish paste, 1.1 part of DMPT and 50 parts of montmorillonite.

s1: preparation of embedding liquid

Adding 12 parts of beta-cyclodextrin and 4 parts of sodium alginate into water to prepare embedding liquid with the mass concentration of 2 wt%, and equally dividing into two parts for later use.

S2: preparation of probiotic microcapsules

Adding 5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 15 parts of enterococcus faecalis into one part of embedding liquid obtained in the step S1, uniformly stirring to obtain probiotic pre-embedding liquid, slowly adding the probiotic pre-embedding liquid into calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1:10, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 2 wt%, stirring for 1h to fully solidify the probiotic pre-embedding liquid, fully washing with distilled water for three times to obtain wet microcapsules, and placing the wet microcapsules at-60 ℃ for vacuum freeze drying for 3h to obtain the probiotic microcapsules.

S3: preparation of VC + protease microcapsule

Adding 0.8 part of VC and 1.2 parts of neutral protease into the other embedding solution in the step S1, uniformly stirring to prepare a VC + protease pre-embedding solution, slowly adding the VC + protease pre-embedding solution into a calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1:10, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 2 wt%, stirring for 1h to fully solidify the VC + protease pre-embedding solution, fully washing with distilled water for three times to prepare wet microcapsules, and placing the wet microcapsules at-60 ℃ for vacuum freeze drying for 3h to prepare the VC + protease microcapsules.

S4: preparation of biological agents

Placing 2.5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 2.5 parts of acanthopanax extract, 1 part of lysozyme, 1.1 parts of DMPT, 0.8 part of beta-glucan and 0.9 part of nucleotide in a horizontal mixing stirrer, stirring for 8min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a medicinal mixture.

And (3) placing 5 parts of earthworm powder, 15 parts of fish paste and 50 parts of montmorillonite into a horizontal mixing stirrer to be stirred for 15min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the phagostimulant mixture.

And (3) uniformly stirring the prepared probiotic microcapsules, the VC + protease microcapsules, the medicine mixture and the phagostimulant mixture in a horizontal stirrer for 5min to prepare the biological preparation suitable for high-density culture of the loaches.

Example 3

10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of enterococcus faecalis, 15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 8 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 5 parts of acanthopanax senticosus extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 8 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of beta-glucan, 2 parts of neutral protease, 1.5 parts of nucleotide, 20 parts of fish paste, 2 parts of DMPT and 60 parts of montmorillonite.

s1: preparation of embedding liquid

Adding 15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin and 8 parts of sodium alginate into water to prepare embedding liquid with the mass concentration of 2 wt%, and equally dividing into two parts for later use.

S2: preparation of probiotic microcapsules

Adding 10 parts of bacillus subtilis and 20 parts of enterococcus faecalis into one part of embedding liquid obtained in the step S1, uniformly stirring to obtain probiotic pre-embedding liquid, slowly adding the probiotic pre-embedding liquid into calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1:10, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 2 wt%, stirring for 1h to fully solidify the probiotic pre-embedding liquid, fully washing with distilled water for three times to obtain wet microcapsules, and placing the wet microcapsules at-60 ℃ for vacuum freeze drying for 3h to obtain the probiotic microcapsules.

S3: preparation of VC + protease microcapsule

Adding 1.5 parts of VC and 2 parts of neutral protease into the other embedding solution in the step S1, uniformly stirring to prepare VC + protease pre-embedding solution, slowly adding the VC + protease pre-embedding solution into calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1:10, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 2 wt%, stirring for 1h to fully solidify the VC + protease pre-embedding solution, fully washing with distilled water for three times to prepare wet microcapsules, and placing the wet microcapsules at-60 ℃ for vacuum freeze drying for 3h to prepare the VC + protease microcapsules.

S4: preparation of biological agents

Placing 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 5 parts of acanthopanax root extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 2 parts of DMPT, 2 parts of beta-glucan and 1.5 parts of nucleotide in a horizontal mixing stirrer to be stirred for 12min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a medicine mixture.

And (3) placing 8 parts of earthworm powder, 20 parts of fish paste and 60 parts of montmorillonite into a horizontal mixing stirrer to be stirred for 20min, and uniformly mixing to prepare the phagostimulant mixture.

And (3) uniformly mixing the prepared probiotic microcapsule, VC + protease microcapsule, medicine mixture and phagostimulant mixture in a horizontal mixer for 7min to obtain the biological preparation suitable for high-density culture of the loaches.

Comparative example 1

The biological preparation is different from the biological preparation in example 3 in that the biological preparation does not contain probiotics and astragalus polysaccharide, and the rest components, the parts by weight and the preparation method are the same as those in example 3.

The comparative biological preparation was prepared from the following raw materials:

15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 8 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of acanthopanax root extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 8 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of beta-glucan, 2 parts of neutral protease, 1.5 parts of nucleotide, 20 parts of fish paste, 2 parts of DMPT and 60 parts of montmorillonite.

The preparation method of the biological agent comprises the following steps:

s1: preparation of embedding liquid

Adding 15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin and 8 parts of sodium alginate into water to prepare embedding liquid with the mass concentration of 2 wt%.

S2: preparation of VC + protease microcapsule

Adding 1.5 parts of VC and 2 parts of neutral protease into the embedding solution obtained in the step S1, uniformly stirring to obtain a VC + protease pre-embedding solution, slowly adding the VC + protease pre-embedding solution into a calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1:10, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 2 wt%, stirring for 1h to fully solidify the VC + protease pre-embedding solution, fully washing with distilled water for three times to obtain wet microcapsules, and placing the wet microcapsules at-60 ℃ for vacuum freeze drying for 3h to obtain the VC + protease microcapsules.

S3: preparation of biological agents

Placing 5 parts of acanthopanax root extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 2 parts of DMPT, 2 parts of beta-glucan and 1.5 parts of nucleotide in a horizontal mixing stirrer, stirring for 12min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a medicine mixture.

And (3) uniformly stirring the prepared VC + protease microcapsules, the medicine mixture and the phagostimulant mixture in a horizontal stirrer for 7min to prepare the biological agent suitable for high-level loach culture.

Comparative example 2

The biological preparation is different from the biological preparation in example 3 in that the biological preparation does not contain astragalus polysaccharide and neutral protease and does not contain embedded substances, and the rest components and the parts by weight are the same as those in example 3.

The preparation raw materials of the biological preparation of the comparative example are as follows:

10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts of acanthopanax senticosus extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 8 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of beta-glucan, 1.5 parts of nucleotide, 20 parts of fish paste, 2 parts of DMPT and 60 parts of montmorillonite.

The preparation method of the biological agent suitable for high-density culture of the loaches comprises the following steps:

10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts of acanthopanax extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 2 parts of DMPT, 2 parts of beta-glucan and 1.5 parts of nucleotide are placed in a horizontal mixing stirrer to be stirred for 12min, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a medicine mixture.

And (3) placing 8 parts of earthworm powder, 20 parts of fish paste and 60 parts of montmorillonite into a horizontal mixing stirrer to be stirred for 20min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the phagostimulant mixture.

And (3) uniformly mixing the prepared medicine mixture and the phagostimulant mixture in a horizontal mixer for 7min to prepare the biological preparation suitable for loach culture.

Comparative example 3

The comparative example differs from example 3 only in that it does not contain Bacillus subtilis, 30 parts of enterococcus faecalis, and the other components and the preparation method of the biological agent are the same as example 3.

Comparative example 4

The comparative example is different from example 3 only in that it does not contain enterococcus faecalis, contains 30 parts of Bacillus subtilis, and the other components and the preparation method of the biological agent are the same as example 3.

Comparative example 5

The comparative example is different from example 3 only in that it does not contain Bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, and the other components and the preparation method of the biological agent are the same as example 3.

Comparative example 6

The comparative example differs from example 3 only in that the comparative example does not contain astragalus polysaccharides, and the other components and the preparation method of the biological agent are the same as example 3.

Comparative example 7

The comparative example is different from example 3 only in that the comparative example does not contain the acanthopanax senticosus extract, and the preparation methods of the rest components and the biological agent are the same as example 3.

Comparative example 8

This comparative example differs from example 3 only in that it does not contain the inclusion compound beta-cyclodextrin and sodium alginate and the remaining components are the same as in example 3.

The preparation method of the comparative biological agent is as follows:

10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 5 parts of acanthopanax extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 8 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of beta-glucan, 2 parts of neutral protease, 1.5 parts of nucleotide, 20 parts of fish paste, 2 parts of DMPT and 60 parts of montmorillonite.

10 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 5 parts of acanthopanax root extract, 2 parts of lysozyme, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 2 parts of DMPT, 2 parts of beta-glucan, 2 parts of neutral protease and 1.5 parts of nucleotide are placed in a horizontal mixing stirrer to be stirred for 12min, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to prepare a medicine mixture.

Comparative example 9

This comparative example is different from example 3 only in that it does not contain a neutral protease, and the remaining components and the preparation method of the biological agent are the same as example 3.

Comparative example 10

The biological agent used in the comparative example is commercial loach biological agent Junjiubao, which is purchased from Zhonghai Biotechnology Limited company.

Cultivation test

According to the preparation methods of the embodiments 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 9, the biological preparation product suitable for loach cultivation and the biological preparation sold in the market according to the comparative example 10 are prepared, and loach cultivation tests are carried out.

The test is carried out in a Guangdong Huai Ji base, 84000 loaches of paramisgurnus dabryanus with the weight of 0.17 +/-0.01 g are selected and randomly divided into 14 treatments, each treatment is carried out for 6 times, and each treatment is carried out for 1000 times. The biological preparation products of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-10 were added to the conventional feed at 1000 g/ton as feeds for test groups 1-3 and control groups 1-10, respectively, using the conventional feed as a blank group, and each group was fed 3 times per day at an apparent satiation, 8:00, 13:00, and 19:00, respectively. And monitoring the water quality and the water temperature every 3 days, and counting the death number and the feeding behavior of the loaches. The results of the test for 60 days are shown in tables 1 and 2.

Table 1 shows the loach breeding test results, and it can be seen from table 1 that the terminal body weights and feed coefficients of the loaches in the test groups 1 to 3 are significantly higher than those of the blank group and the control group, and the survival rates of the loaches in the test groups 1 to 3 are superior to those of the control group and higher than those of the blank control group.

Table 2 shows the loach culture water quality detection results, and as can be seen from table 2, compared with the blank group and the control group, the increase amounts of the ammonia nitrogen value and the nitrite state in the loach culture water of the test groups 1 to 3 in the test 60 days are obviously lower than those of the control group and the blank group, which indicates that the biological agent suitable for loach culture has relatively less pollution to the water body and is more environment-friendly.

TABLE 1 loach culture test results

TABLE 2 loach culture water quality test results

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. The biological preparation suitable for high-density culture of the loaches is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

2. The biological preparation according to claim 1, wherein the probiotic bacteria comprise 2-10 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis and 10-20 parts by weight of enterococcus faecalis.

3. The biological agent according to claim 1, wherein the embedding material comprises 5-15 parts by weight of beta-cyclodextrin and 1-8 parts by weight of sodium alginate.

4. The biological agent according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises 0.5-5 parts by weight of astragalus polysaccharide and 0.5-5 parts by weight of acanthopanax senticosus extract.

5. The biological agent according to claim 1, wherein the biological agent further comprises 40 to 60 parts by weight of montmorillonite.

6. A preparation method of a biological agent suitable for high-density culture of loaches is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: embedding probiotics by utilizing an embedding substance and drying to prepare probiotics microcapsules;

s3: and uniformly mixing the probiotic microcapsule, the VC + protease microcapsule and other components to prepare the biological agent suitable for high-density culture of the loaches.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the probiotic microcapsule of step S1 is prepared by the following steps:

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the VC + protease microcapsules of step S2 are prepared by:

(2) adding 0.1-1.5 parts of vitamin C and 0.5-2 parts of neutral protease into the embedding liquid, stirring uniformly, and adding into the embedding liquid containing Ca²⁺In the water solution, the probiotic microcapsules are prepared by coagulation, washing and drying.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the probiotic microcapsule, the VC + protease microcapsule and other components are uniformly mixed in step S3 by the following method: