CN110214858A - Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diets, the raw material of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet includes Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide, and by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet be in terms of 100%, the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E is 0.3%~0.5%；The weight percentage of the bacillus subtilis is 0.1%~0.2%；The weight percentage of the fructooligosaccharide is 0.1%~0.2%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, are related to a kind of megalobrama amblycephala expanded pellet diet more particularly to a kind of megalobrama amblycephala
Anti-stress expanded feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Megalobrama amblycephala (Megalobrama amblycepHala), is under the jurisdiction of Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Abramidinae, triangular bream
Belong to, is now one of main freshwater aquiculture kind in China.Megalobrama amblycephala is and fine and tender taste, delicious since the speed of growth is fast, and fat contains
Amount is high, deep to be welcome by culturist and consumer.Megalobrama amblycephala protein, amino acid, fat, fatty acid, carbohydrate, mine at present
There are many reports in terms of the nutritional needs such as substance and vitamin.
Due to the small body of megalobrama amblycephala head is big and visceral mass is small etc., the anti-stress ability of megalobrama amblycephala itself is weaker.And
In actual production, especially under intensive, highdensity cultivating condition, megalobrama amblycephala often faces temperature, transport, close
A variety of stress factors such as degree, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, germ, cause its anti-stress ability reduce, fish body it is rubescent it is scared, disease is high-incidence
It is reduced with meat quality, influences its culture efficiency, and have brought tremendous economic losses to freshwater aquaculture industry.In production, it is
Prevention and treatment pathogen, antibiotic and antibacterials are widely used, this frequently can lead to, and medicament residue occurs in fish body, drug resistance increases
By force, the problems such as immunity of organisms decline, microbial state treatment and deformity, and lead to environmental pollution and food safety, shadow
Ring health, the sustainable development of culture fishery.But megalobrama amblycephala compound feed prescription used in actual production also stops first
On preceding Research foundation, and it is updated and optimizes not according to newest result of study.Traditional megalobrama amblycephala mixed feed, due to
It can be lost in vitamin and amino acid process, cause cultivation fish body rubescent scared or even bleeding, megalobrama amblycephala in breeding process
Susceptible disease, and the death rate in seine fishing and transportational process is caused to rise.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diets and preparation method thereof, it is intended to solve existing
Megalobrama amblycephala formula forage cannot effectively improve megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress ability it is poor, cause the rubescent scared, disease of fish body high-incidence and
The problem of meat quality reduces, and the death rate rises.
For achieving the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, the original of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
Material includes Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide, and total with the raw material of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
Weight is 100% meter, and the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E is 0.3%~0.5%；The weight of the bacillus subtilis
Measuring percentage composition is 0.1%~0.2%；The weight percentage of the fructooligosaccharide is 0.1%~0.2%.
It preferably, is the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
Expanded pellet diet further includes the following raw materials according composition of following weight percentage:
Preferably, the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E is 0.35%~0.45%；The bacillus subtilis
The weight percentage of bacterium is 0.1%~0.15%；The weight percentage is 0.1%~0.15%.
Preferably, the grain diameter of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet is 1.5~2mm.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps:
Each raw material component is provided according to the formula of above-mentioned megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet；
Vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, half defatted fish flour, chicken meal, dregs of beans, rice bran, soybean, shrimp cream, fish are used
Multidimensional, vitamin C phosphoric ester, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide carry out first time pulverization process, are then stirred mixing；?
To the first mixed material；First mixed material is carried out second to crush, and passes through the sieve of 60 mesh；By the institute after sieving
It states after the first mixed material and fish carry out mixed processing with concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and soya-bean oil, carries out third time crushing, and lead to
The sieve of 80 mesh is crossed, the second mixture is collected；
By second mixture, it is modulated processing in the water vapor atmosphere that temperature is 90-95 DEG C, it then will modulation
Pellet initial material is made through extrusion granulator under conditions of temperature is 90-95 DEG C in mixed material；
After above-mentioned pellet initial material cooling and drying, using airless spraying technology, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, rely ammonia
Acid, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are sprayed into feed granules surface；Then, vacuumizing makes water
It produces special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E and enters the interior of pellet initial material under atmospheric pressure
Portion；Rear cooling treatment is dried.
Preferably, it crushes using pulverizer realization for described second, and crushing speed is 400-500 revs/min；The third
Secondary crush is realized using micronizer, and crushing speed is 400-500 revs/min.
Preferably, first mixed material after sieving is mixed with fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen soya-bean oil
In the step of processing, mixed processing using mixing machine realize, and mixing machine feed intake revolving speed be 16-20 revs/min.
Preferably, the grain diameter of the pellet initial material is 1.5-2.0mm.
Preferably, using airless spraying technology, aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E are sprayed
In the step of being applied to feed granules surface, using drum-type liquid flush coater, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine,
Honegsukle flower P.E is sprayed into feed granules surface.
It preferably, is the Honegsukle flower P.E in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
Weight percentage be 0.35%~0.45%；The weight percentage of the bacillus subtilis is 0.1%~0.15%；
The weight percentage is 0.1%~0.15%.
Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided by the invention, it is few containing Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fruit
Sugar.Wherein,
The Honegsukle flower P.E is added in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, is raised for improving megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress extruding
The anti-stress effect of material.Simultaneously as the Honegsukle flower P.E has antibacterial, enhancing immune function concurrently and inhibits drug resistance mycoprotein
Therefore the effect of synthesis after adding Honegsukle flower P.E in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, can significantly improve megalobrama amblycephala
Anti-stress ability and non-specific immunity, reduce the use of antibiotic.
Add bacillus subtilis in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, in megalobrama amblycephala vibrios, Escherichia coli and
The harmful microorganisms such as baculoviral have very strong inhibiting effect, effectively prevention megalobrama amblycephala enteritis, the diseases such as gill rot to improve resisting stress
Ability.In addition, the chitinase of bacillus subtilis secretion, can decompose the cell wall of fungi to play inhibiting effect, divide
The poisonous and harmful substance in pond is solved, is purified water；Improve water turbidity problem caused by harmful cyanobacteria is spread unchecked, promotes in feed
Nutrient digestion, stimulates the development of megalobrama amblycephala immune organ.
Fructooligosaccharide is added in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, megalobrama amblycephala intestinal microflora balance can be adjusted,
Improve functions of intestines and stomach, inhibits harmful bacteria to adjust animal intestinal micro-ecology balance, enhance animal body immunity.
Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are added simultaneously in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, three
Person mutually cooperates with, and can significantly improve the anti-stress ability of megalobrama amblycephala.Specifically, the Honegsukle flower P.E is able to suppress typhoid fever bar
The proliferation of the bacteriums such as bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bordetella pertussis, cholera bacilli, Diplococcus pneumopniae, by the increasing for inhibiting other mushrooms
It grows, is connected in bacillus subtilis and provides more available nutrition and better living environment.Chlorogenic acid is honeysuckle extraction
One of main active of object can reduce the pH value of enteron aisle in acidity, and bacillus subtilis is in faintly acid and neutrality
It grows vigorous under environment, further creates conditions for the growing multiplication of bacillus subtilis, it is abundant to be conducive to bacillus subtilis
Inhibit the harmful microorganisms such as vibrios, Escherichia coli and baculoviral in megalobrama amblycephala, effectively prevents megalobrama amblycephala enteritis, the diseases such as gill rot
Disease.The fructooligosaccharide is similar to receptor structure of the pathogen on enteron aisle, can in conjunction with the class fourth metallic substance on pathogen surface,
Be adsorbed on pathogen can not in intestinal walls, and pathogen cannot (pathogen can lose cause after in connection using fructooligosaccharide
Sick power), to competitively inhibit pathogen proliferation, promote the beneficial bacteriums such as intestinal bifidobacteria proliferation.The fructooligosaccharide and bud
After spore bacillus combines, the growth performance of cultivated animals can be further promoted, reduces feed coefficient, improves Serum glutathione peroxide
Compound enzyme and total number born activity, reduce serum malondialdehyde content, can play partially or completely for anti-effect, right
Ensure that megalobrama amblycephala cultured product quality safety is significant.
To sum up, megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided by the invention, nutrition is comprehensive, abundant, is remarkably improved megalobrama amblycephala
Anti-stress ability and disease resistance, and do not need to take antibiont drug, fishery -ies product produced is nuisanceless green environmental protection food
Product.In addition, the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet has good water column stability, fish body is remarkably improved to the benefit of feed
With the discharge of metabolic waste in reduction feed waste and breeding water body mitigates the pollution to water body environment.
The preparation method of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided by the invention, has the advantage that
Firstly, using sub-sieve process step by step, improving the stability of feed before raw material enters bulking machine.It is tested, it is raw
Producing resulting megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet can stablize 10 hours or more in water, and the megalobrama amblycephala of common hard pellet diet
The feed water steady time is 2 hours or so, is easy to decompose in water.And feed too quick decomposition will cause water body eutrophication, crosses and seeks
The water environment of feedingization is unfavorable for the growth of megalobrama amblycephala.
Secondly, mixed material is carried out expanding processing processing in high temperature and high pressure environment, vegetable protein suction can be improved
Receive utilization rate, solves the problems, such as tradition megalobrama amblycephala feed need to be added a large amount of animal protein and caused by Feed Manufacturing cost.
In addition, megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet starch burn degree prepared by the present invention increases, containing for some anti-nutritional factors is reduced
Amount.Whole expanded pellet diet, whole hard pellet diet and expanded pellet diet and hard pellet diet interval are fed and be compared, is tested
As the result is shown: under same nutrient formulation, expanded pellet diet can increase megalobrama amblycephala enteron aisle digestive enzyme activity, enhance megalobrama amblycephala to feed
Digestibility and utilization ability.Meanwhile buoyancy expanding feed, the water surface is swum in, can be stopped in time according to the feeding situation of cultivation megalobrama amblycephala
It only feeds, the feed for avoiding the waste of feed and not ingested by megalobrama amblycephala impregnates in water to the pollution of water body.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with
Embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain
The present invention is not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and cannot
It is interpreted as indication or suggestion relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define as a result, " the
One ", the feature of " second " can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention,
The meaning of " plurality " is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
On the one hand the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress extruding is raised
The raw material of material includes Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide, and with the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
Raw material gross weight is 100% meter, and the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E is 0.3%~0.5%；The bacillus subtilis
The weight percentage of bacterium is 0.1%~0.2%；The weight percentage of the fructooligosaccharide is 0.1%~0.2%.
Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided in an embodiment of the present invention, contains Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis
And fructooligosaccharide.Wherein,
The Honegsukle flower P.E is added in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, is raised for improving megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress extruding
The anti-stress effect of material.Simultaneously as the Honegsukle flower P.E has antibacterial, enhancing immune function concurrently and inhibits drug resistance mycoprotein
Therefore the effect of synthesis after adding Honegsukle flower P.E in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, can significantly improve megalobrama amblycephala
Anti-stress ability and non-specific immunity, reduce the use of antibiotic.
Add bacillus subtilis in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, in megalobrama amblycephala vibrios, Escherichia coli and
The harmful microorganisms such as baculoviral have very strong inhibiting effect, effectively prevention megalobrama amblycephala enteritis, the diseases such as gill rot to improve resisting stress
Ability.In addition, the chitinase of bacillus subtilis secretion, can decompose the cell wall of fungi to play inhibiting effect, divide
The poisonous and harmful substance in pond is solved, is purified water；Improve water turbidity problem caused by harmful cyanobacteria is spread unchecked, promotes in feed
Nutrient digestion, stimulates the development of megalobrama amblycephala immune organ.
Fructooligosaccharide is added in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, megalobrama amblycephala intestinal microflora balance can be adjusted,
Improve functions of intestines and stomach, inhibits harmful bacteria to adjust animal intestinal micro-ecology balance, enhance animal body immunity.
Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are added simultaneously in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, three
Person mutually cooperates with, and can significantly improve the anti-stress ability of megalobrama amblycephala.Specifically, the Honegsukle flower P.E is able to suppress typhoid fever bar
The proliferation of the bacteriums such as bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bordetella pertussis, cholera bacilli, Diplococcus pneumopniae, by the increasing for inhibiting other mushrooms
It grows, is connected in bacillus subtilis and provides more available nutrition and better living environment.Chlorogenic acid is honeysuckle extraction
One of main active of object can reduce the pH value of enteron aisle in acidity, and bacillus subtilis is in faintly acid and neutrality
It grows vigorous under environment, further creates conditions for the growing multiplication of bacillus subtilis, it is abundant to be conducive to bacillus subtilis
Inhibit the harmful microorganisms such as vibrios, Escherichia coli and baculoviral in megalobrama amblycephala, effectively prevents megalobrama amblycephala enteritis, the diseases such as gill rot
Disease.The fructooligosaccharide is similar to receptor structure of the pathogen on enteron aisle, can in conjunction with the class fourth metallic substance on pathogen surface,
Be adsorbed on pathogen can not in intestinal walls, and pathogen cannot (pathogen can lose cause after in connection using fructooligosaccharide
Sick power), to competitively inhibit pathogen proliferation, promote the beneficial bacteriums such as intestinal bifidobacteria proliferation.The fructooligosaccharide and bud
After spore bacillus combines, the growth performance of cultivated animals can be further promoted, reduces feed coefficient, improves Serum glutathione peroxide
Compound enzyme and total number born activity, reduce serum malondialdehyde content, can play partially or completely for anti-effect, right
Ensure that megalobrama amblycephala cultured product quality safety is significant.
To sum up, megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided in an embodiment of the present invention, nutrition is comprehensive, abundant, is remarkably improved
Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress ability and disease resistance, and do not need to take antibiont drug, fishery -ies product produced is nuisanceless green
Environmentally friendly food.In addition, the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet has good water column stability, fish body is remarkably improved to feeding
The utilization of material reduces the discharge of metabolic waste in feed waste and breeding water body, mitigates the pollution to water body environment.
Specifically, adding a variety of resisting stress in the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet in the embodiment of the present invention and adjusting
Agent.Further, a variety of resisting stress regulators are Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide.
Contain organic acid, volatile oil, brass and its glycoside and various trace elements, energy in the Honegsukle flower P.E
Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress ability is enough improved, improves megalobrama amblycephala growth performance, enhancing animal body is immune and premunition, reduces morbidity and dead
Die rate.Importantly, the Honegsukle flower P.E can effectively inhibit typhoid bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bordetella pertussis, cholera bar
The proliferation of the pathogenic bacterias such as bacterium, Diplococcus pneumopniae prevents and treats fish body inflammation, and drug-fast bacteria protein is inhibited to synthesize, and mentions
The anti-stress ability of high megalobrama amblycephala.Meanwhile by inhibiting other mushrooms, the growth for being connected in bacillus subtilis is provided more
Nutrition and better living environment can be used.In addition, chlorogenic acid is one of main active of Honegsukle flower P.E, in acid
Property, can reduce the pH value of enteron aisle, and bacillus subtilis grown under faintly acid and neutral environment it is vigorous.
It in embodiments of the present invention, is the gold in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
The weight percentage of honeysuckle flower extract is 0.3%~0.5%.It is if the content of the Honegsukle flower P.E is too low, i.e., golden
When the weight percentage of honeysuckle flower extract is lower than 0.3%, the threshold value that can be played a role is not achieved；If the honeysuckle mentions
The too high levels for taking object will cause waste, and add too many Honegsukle flower P.E, since Honegsukle flower P.E itself has antibacterial energy
Power instead can impact the growth of the bacillus subtilis in formula.
The bacillus subtilis is one of the important component that the present invention implements the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet.Institute
Bacillus subtilis is stated during thalli growth, generates subtilin, polymyxins, gramicidins isoreactivity substance, these
Substance can play the inhibiting effect of the conditioned pathogen to pathogenic bacteria autogenous infection living；Meanwhile the bacillus subtilis energy
Free oxygen is enough consumed, enteron aisle oxygen content is reduced, promotes to grow beneficial to anaerobic bacteria, generates organic acid, gut pH is reduced, presses down indirectly
The growth of other pathogenic bacteria is made, megalobrama amblycephala enteritis can not only be effectively prevented, the diseases such as gill rot improve anti-stress ability.In addition, withered
The chitinase of careless secreted from bacillus can decompose the cell wall of fungi to play inhibiting effect, decompose having in pond
Malicious harmful substance, purifies water；Improve water turbidity problem caused by harmful cyanobacteria is spread unchecked, promote nutrient digestion in feed,
The development for stimulating megalobrama amblycephala immune organ, further increases megalobrama amblycephala immunocompetence.
In embodiments of the present invention, described withered in terms of by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet for 100%
The weight percentage of careless bacillus is 0.3%~0.5%.It is if the too high levels of the bacillus subtilis, i.e., described withered
The weight percentage of careless bacillus is higher than 0.5%, and one side bacillus subtilis enters water body with feed, can excessively disappear
Water body oxygen is consumed, megalobrama amblycephala anoxic is caused；On the other hand, bacillus subtilis, which is excessively added, can inhibit the life of megalobrama amblycephala juvenile fish
It is long.If the content of the bacillus subtilis is too low, i.e., the weight percentage of the described bacillus subtilis is lower than 0.3%, rises
Less than above-mentioned effect.
The fructooligosaccharide implements the necessary component of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet as the present invention, in megalobrama amblycephala body
Interior generation organic acid reduces intestinal pH, generates bacteriocin, the hydrogen peroxide etc. for inhibiting harmful bacteria, to inhibit harmful microorganism raw
It is long, moreover it is possible to synthetic proteins matter, B family vitamin and vitamin K.
It in embodiments of the present invention, is the fruit in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
The weight percentage that oligosaccharides is made is 0.3%~0.5%.If the too high levels that the fructooligosaccharide is made, i.e., what the described fructooligosaccharide was made
Weight percentage is higher than 0.5%, can dramatically increase the production cost of feed, and the content of 0.3-0.5% cooperates this feed
Other additives had good effect.If the content that the fructooligosaccharide is made is too low, i.e., the weight hundred of the described fructooligosaccharide work
Divide content to be lower than 0.3%, does not have effect good enough.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the Honegsukle flower P.E that is added in megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, bacillus subtilis
And fructooligosaccharide, above-mentioned effect can be played respectively, and the diseases such as some prevention megalobrama amblycephala enteritis, gill rots improve the anti-of megalobrama amblycephala and answer
The ability of swashing reduces the death rate, and improves nutrition, purifies water.Importantly, there is also synergistic effects by three, significantly improve
The anti-stress ability of megalobrama amblycephala.Specifically, the Honegsukle flower P.E is connected in withered grass bud by inhibiting the proliferation of other mushrooms
Spore bacillus provides more available nutrition and better living environment；Meanwhile the main active of Honegsukle flower P.E is green
Ortho acid provides intentional weak acid environment for the growth of bacillus subtilis, is further the growing multiplication of bacillus subtilis
It creates conditions, is conducive to bacillus subtilis and sufficiently inhibits harmful micro- life such as vibrios, Escherichia coli and baculoviral in megalobrama amblycephala
Object effectively prevents megalobrama amblycephala enteritis, the diseases such as gill rot.And the fructooligosaccharide is similar to receptor structure of the pathogen on enteron aisle,
It can make pathogen that can not be adsorbed in intestinal walls in conjunction with the class fourth metallic substance on pathogen surface, and pathogen cannot benefit
Promote enteron aisle double to competitively inhibit pathogen proliferation with fructooligosaccharide (pathogen can lose pathogenicity after in connection)
The beneficial bacteriums such as discrimination bacillus proliferation.After the fructooligosaccharide is in conjunction with bacillus, the growth performance of cultivated animals can be further promoted,
Feed coefficient is reduced, Serum glutathione peroxidase and total number born activity is improved, reduces Serum MDA
Content can play partially or completely for anti-effect, significant to guarantee megalobrama amblycephala cultured product quality safety.
For giving full play to for above-mentioned synergistic effect, in the embodiment of the present invention, with the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
Raw material gross weight be 100% meter, the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E is 0.3%~0.5%；The withered grass gemma
The weight percentage of bacillus is 0.1%~0.2%；The weight percentage of the fructooligosaccharide is 0.1%~0.2%.
It is further preferred that the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E is 0.35%~0.45%；The withered grass
The weight percentage of bacillus is 0.1%~0.15%；The weight percentage is 0.1%~0.15%.
It on the basis of the above embodiments, is institute in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
State the following raw materials according composition that megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet further includes following weight percentage:
Specifically, in above-mentioned formula, vinasse albumen, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, half defatted fish flour, chicken meal, soybean, dregs of beans these
It is mainly used for providing protein；Wheat, rice bran are for providing energy；Fish with concentrate feed is reduced and raises for reducing the ingredient time
Expect cost；Soya-bean oil is oil sources；Shrimp cream primarily serves attractant effect；Fish are not high to the carbohydrates utilization rate such as starch, lysine and
Methionine promotes fish growth for providing essential amino acid；General multidimensional is for providing multivitamin；It is tieed up in puffing process
Raw element C has partition losses, and therefore, the addition better vitamin C phosphoric ester of stability of the embodiment of the present invention carrys out replenishing vitamins
C；Aquatic products special composite enzyme, which primarily serves, to be improved stomach and intestine function, promotes to absorb, promotes the effect of yield, and uses economy
It is convenient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the grain diameter of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet is 1.5~2mm.At this point, extruding
Feed particle diameter is smaller, and the megalobrama amblycephala less than normal relative to same volume fish suitable for oral area is ingested, and is conducive to digest and assimilate.As
Most preferred embodiment, the grain diameter of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet are 1.5mm.
Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided in an embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve the palatability of feed, promote group
Head triangular bream ingests, reduces feed waste, improves its production performance and reduce water pollution.Further, it is also possible to significantly improve megalobrama amblycephala
Anti-stress ability, nonspecific mental retardation and premunition, promote its healthy growth.Therefore, it is not required to using this expanded pellet diet
Any antibiont drug is used, the fish for cultivating out is nuisanceless green environmental protection food, the food peace of the powerful guarantee people
Entirely.
Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can be prepared by following methods.
Traditional megalobrama amblycephala mixed feed is hard pellet diet, and the digestibility of this feed is lower, water stability is poor, is made
With easily causing feed waste and waste discharge amount exceeded in the process, feed waste and breeding water body is caused to pollute.In consideration of it,
On the other hand the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
S01. each raw material component is provided according to the formula of above-mentioned megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet；
S02. by vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, half defatted fish flour, chicken meal, dregs of beans, rice bran, soybean, shrimp cream,
Fish multidimensional, vitamin C phosphoric ester, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide carry out first time pulverization process, are then stirred mixed
It closes；Obtain the first mixed material；First mixed material is carried out second to crush, and passes through the sieve of 60 mesh；It will sieving
After first mixed material and fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and soya-bean oil afterwards carries out mixed processing, third wheat-middlings are carried out
It is broken, and pass through the sieve of 80 mesh, collect the second mixture；
S03. by second mixture, it is modulated processing in the water vapor atmosphere that temperature is 90-95 DEG C, then will
Pellet initial material is made through extrusion granulator under conditions of temperature is 90-95 DEG C in modulating mixture material；
S04. by after above-mentioned pellet initial material cooling and drying, using airless spraying technology, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, rely
Propylhomoserin, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are sprayed into feed granules surface；Then, vacuumizing makes
Aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E enter the interior of pellet initial material under atmospheric pressure
Portion；Rear cooling treatment is dried.
The preparation method of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provided in an embodiment of the present invention, has the advantage that
Firstly, using sub-sieve process step by step, improving the stability of feed before raw material enters bulking machine.It is tested, it is raw
Producing resulting megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet can stablize 10 hours or more in water, and the megalobrama amblycephala of common hard pellet diet
The feed water steady time is 2 hours or so, is easy to decompose in water.And feed too quick decomposition will cause water body eutrophication, crosses and seeks
The water environment of feedingization is unfavorable for the growth of megalobrama amblycephala.
Secondly, mixed material is carried out expanding processing processing in high temperature and high pressure environment, vegetable protein suction can be improved
Receive utilization rate, solves the problems, such as tradition megalobrama amblycephala feed need to be added a large amount of animal protein and caused by Feed Manufacturing cost.
In addition, megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet starch burn degree prepared by the present invention increases, containing for some anti-nutritional factors is reduced
Amount.Whole expanded pellet diet, whole hard pellet diet and expanded pellet diet and hard pellet diet interval are fed and be compared, is tested
As the result is shown: under same nutrient formulation, expanded pellet diet can increase megalobrama amblycephala enteron aisle digestive enzyme activity, enhance megalobrama amblycephala to feed
Digestibility and utilization ability.Meanwhile buoyancy expanding feed, the water surface is swum in, can be stopped in time according to the feeding situation of cultivation megalobrama amblycephala
It only feeds, the feed for avoiding the waste of feed and not ingested by megalobrama amblycephala impregnates in water to the pollution of water body.
Specifically, in above-mentioned steps S01, the formula of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet include Honegsukle flower P.E,
Bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide further include vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, half defatted fish flour, chicken meal, dregs of beans, fish
With concentrate feed, rice bran, soybean, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen, shrimp cream, soya-bean oil, lysine, methionine, general multidimensional, vitamin C phosphoric ester,
Aquatic products special composite enzyme.The content and its preferred situation of above-mentioned raw materials are as described above, no longer superfluous herein in order to save length
It states.
In above-mentioned steps S02, by vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, half defatted fish flour, chicken meal, dregs of beans, rice bran,
Soybean, shrimp cream, fish multidimensional, vitamin C phosphoric ester, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide carry out first time pulverization process, and first
Secondary pulverization process is tentatively crushed each raw material, convenient for the premix of each raw material.The first time pulverization process can pass through powder
Broken machine is realized.
First mixed material is carried out second to crush, and passes through the sieve of 60 mesh.It is crushed by second, mistake
Sieve removes the biggish ingredient mass of partial size in the first mixed material.Further, by after sieving first mixed material with
After fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and soya-bean oil carry out mixed processing, third time crushing is carried out, and pass through the sieve of 80 mesh, received
Collect the second mixture.The embodiment of the present invention, using sub-sieve process step by step, improves the stabilization of feed before raw material enters bulking machine
Property.It is tested, producing resulting megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet can stablize 10 hours or more in water, and common grit
The megalobrama amblycephala feed water steady time of feed is 2 hours or so, is easy to decompose in water.And feed too quick decomposition will cause water body mistake
The water environment of nutrient laden, eutrophication is unfavorable for the growth of megalobrama amblycephala.
In a preferred embodiment, it crushes using pulverizer realization for described second, and crushing speed is 400-500 revs/min；
The third time is crushed to be realized using micronizer, and crushing speed is 400-500 revs/min.Thus obtained comminuting matter
Epigranular, and had excellent stability after expanding treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, by first mixed material and fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and beans after sieving
Oil carry out mixed processing the step of in, mixed processing using mixing machine realize, and mixing machine feed intake revolving speed be 16-20 revs/min.By
In mixed process, material variety is more, and the attribute difference of each substance increases, and therefore, mixed processing under this condition can
Not destroy material composition, and the material for avoiding each middle property different is agglomerating in whipping process, realizes the uniform of each raw material
Dispersion.
In above-mentioned steps S03, second mixture is modulated in the water vapor atmosphere that temperature is 90-95 DEG C
Processing, prepares for high temperature puffing.Then by modulating mixture material under conditions of temperature is 90-95 DEG C, through extrusion system
Pellet initial material is made in grain machine.Vegetable protein absorption rate by the high temperature and high pressure environment of expanding processing, in raw material
Increase, solve the problems, such as traditional aquatic feeds need to be added a large amount of animal protein and caused by Feed Manufacturing it is at high cost, obtain
The feed starch gelatinization degree arrived increases, and reduces the content of some anti-nutritional factors.By contrast, whole expanded pellet diet, whole process are hard
Pellet and expanded pellet diet show under same nutrient formulation that extruding is raised with the test result that hard pellet diet interval is fed
Material can increase megalobrama amblycephala enteron aisle digestive enzyme activity, digestibility and utilization ability of the enhancing megalobrama amblycephala to feed.
In view of the mouth of megalobrama amblycephala is smaller compared to the fish of same volume, and be conducive to digest and assimilate compared with small particle.Preferably,
The grain diameter of the pellet initial material is 1.5-2.0mm.
Preferably, using airless spraying technology, aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E are sprayed
In the step of being applied to feed granules surface, using drum-type liquid flush coater, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine,
Honegsukle flower P.E is sprayed into feed granules surface.
In above-mentioned steps S04, by above-mentioned pellet initial material cooling and drying, the cooling and drying preferably in horizontal drier.
The cooling and drying in horizontal drier, fast, high-efficient, the dry uniformity of rate of drying is high and is not easy feed blocking occur.By
It is related to high temperature and pressure operation, therefore, heat-sensitive substance aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, honeysuckle in abovementioned steps
Extract is not in company with said mixture material synchronization process.It is using airless spraying technology, aquatic products is dedicated in the embodiment of the present invention
Complex enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E are sprayed into feed granules surface.By vacuumize process, keep aquatic products dedicated
Complex enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E enter the inside of pellet initial material under atmospheric pressure, promote
Active constituent is evenly dispersed in expanded pellet diet.Preferably, aquatic products special composite enzyme, amino acid and bacillus subtilis etc. are hot
Quick property substance does not pass through high-temperature high-pressure swelling, after drying machine is to expanded pellet diet particle drying, is sprayed using drum-type liquid
Machine under vacuum conditions, in a manner of spraying, is entered in feed granules using atmospheric pressure.
In some embodiments, aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E can be made mixed
Liquid solution is closed, feed granules surface is sprayed into.It in further embodiments, can be by aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, egg
Propylhomoserin, Honegsukle flower P.E are one or more to be respectively prepared liquid solution, is sprayed into feed granules surface.
It is worth noting that, the liquid spray of the embodiment of the present invention will be arranged in after drying program, it is because through overdrying
The expanded pellet diet particle surface temperature of dry machine is hotter (but can't reach the degree for influencing heat-sensitive substance), is conducive to thermal sensitivity
Infiltration in substance case.And if spraying heat-sensitive substance before it is dried, expanded pellet diet particle surface is moist, will lead to thermal sensitivity object
Matter is adhered to particle surface, insufficient into the content inside feed granules.Preferably, aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, egg ammonia
Sour, Honegsukle flower P.E additive amount can be slightly more than 5% of formula ratio or so.
It preferably, is the Honegsukle flower P.E in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
Weight percentage be 0.35%~0.45%；The weight percentage of the bacillus subtilis is 0.1%~0.15%；
The weight percentage is 0.1%~0.15%.
Finally, rear cooling treatment is dried in the expanded pellet diet after drying.Preferably, the expanded pellet diet after drying is existed
Room temperature is cooled in pendulum-type cooler to be packed, and the even feed granules cracking of inhomogeneous cooling is avoided.
It is illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, including following raw material: 6.0kg vinasse albumen DDGS, 21.7kg wheat,
Domestic half defatted fish flour of 5.0kg cotton dregs, 8.0kg rapeseed meal, 2.0kg, 3.0kg chicken meal, 24.0kg dregs of beans, the concentration of 2.0kg fish
Material, 8.0kg rice bran, 12.0kg soybean, 2.6kg carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen, 2.0kg shrimp cream, 2.5kg soya-bean oil, 0.3kg lysine, 0.1kg
Methionine, general multidimensional 0.15kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.03kg, 0.02kg aquatic products special composite enzyme, 0.4kg honeysuckle mention
Take object, 0.1kg bacillus subtilis and 0.1kg fructooligosaccharide.
The preparation method of above-mentioned megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps:
First by vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, fish meal, chicken meal, dregs of beans, rice bran, soybean, shrimp cream, fish multidimensional,
Vitamin C phosphoric ester, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are crushed through pulverizer, are then placed in mixing machine and are stirred mixing.
Mixing rough material is crushed through second of pulverizer again, and passes through the sieve of 60 mesh；With fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and beans
Oil etc. are mixed material after mixing in mixing machine；Pulverizer crushing speed: 400 revs/min；Mixing machine feeds intake revolving speed: 16 turns/
Point.Mixed material is crushed through micronizer again, and passes through the sieve of 80 mesh；Micronizer crushing speed: 400 revs/min.
The mixed material crushed through micronizer is moved into modulator, the vapor that mixed material is passed through 90 DEG C is modulated
5 minutes, then by modulated mixed material 90 DEG C at a temperature of enter extrusion granulator feed granules are made, consider
Mouth to megalobrama amblycephala is smaller compared to the fish of same volume, and is conducive to digest and assimilate compared with small particle, the most suitable grain diameter of feed:
1.5mm。
By after extruding feed granules be sent into post vacuum spraying equipment, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine and
Honegsukle flower P.E heat sensitive material is sprayed into feed granules surface.Then, vacuum is taken out, makes these materials in the work of atmospheric pressure
With the lower inside into feed granules.By above-mentioned expanded pellet feed in drying machine cooling and drying.Extruding after drying is raised
Material is cooled to room temperature in cooler and is packed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, including following raw material: 5.5kg vinasse albumen DDGS, 22.2kg wheat,
Domestic half defatted fish flour of 5.5kg cotton dregs, 7.5kg rapeseed meal, 2.0kg, 3.0kg chicken meal, 25.0kg dregs of beans, the concentration of 2.0kg fish
Material, 7.0kg rice bran, 11.5kg soybean, 3.0kg carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen, 2.1kg shrimp cream, 2.5kg soya-bean oil, 0.3kg lysine, 0.1kg
Methionine, general multidimensional 0.15kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.03kg, 0.02kg aquatic products special composite enzyme, 0.4kg honeysuckle mention
Take object, 0.1kg bacillus subtilis and 0.1kg fructooligosaccharide.
The preparation method of above-mentioned megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps:
First by vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, fish meal, chicken meal, dregs of beans, rice bran, soybean, shrimp cream, fish multidimensional,
Vitamin C phosphoric ester, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are crushed through pulverizer, are then placed in mixing machine and are stirred mixing.
Mixing rough material is crushed through second of pulverizer again, and passes through the sieve of 60 mesh；With fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and beans
Oil etc. are mixed material after mixing in mixing machine；Pulverizer crushing speed: 450 revs/min；Mixing machine feeds intake revolving speed: 18 turns/
Point；Mixed material is crushed through micronizer again, and passes through the sieve of 80 mesh；Micronizer crushing speed: 450 revs/min.
The mixed material crushed through micronizer is moved into modulator, the vapor that mixed material is passed through 92 DEG C is modulated
5 minutes, then by modulated mixed material 92 DEG C at a temperature of enter extrusion granulator feed granules are made, consider
Mouth to megalobrama amblycephala is smaller compared to the fish of same volume, and is conducive to digest and assimilate compared with small particle, the most suitable grain diameter of feed:
1.5mm。
By after extruding feed granules be sent into post vacuum spraying equipment, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine and
The heat sensitive materials such as Honegsukle flower P.E are sprayed into feed granules surface.Then, vacuum is taken out, makes these materials in atmospheric pressure
Effect is lower into the inside of feed granules；By above-mentioned expanded pellet feed in drying machine cooling and drying；By the extruding after drying
Feed is cooled to room temperature in cooler and is packed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, including following raw material: 6.5kg vinasse albumen DDGS, 21.7kg wheat,
Domestic half defatted fish flour of 6.0kg cotton dregs, 6.5kg rapeseed meal, 2.5kg, 2.5kg chicken meal, 24.0kg dregs of beans, the concentration of 1.8kg fish
Material, 7.0kg rice bran, 13.2kg soybean, 2.6kg carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen, 2.2kg shrimp cream, 2.7kg soya-bean oil, 0.3kg lysine, 0.1kg
Methionine, general multidimensional 0.15kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.03kg, 0.02kg aquatic products special composite enzyme, 0.4kg honeysuckle mention
Take object, 0.1kg bacillus subtilis and 0.1kg fructooligosaccharide.
The preparation method of above-mentioned megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps:
First by vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, fish meal, chicken meal, dregs of beans, rice bran, soybean, shrimp cream, fish multidimensional,
Vitamin C phosphoric ester, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are crushed through pulverizer, are then placed in mixing machine and are stirred mixing.
Mixing rough material is crushed through second of pulverizer again, and passes through the sieve of 60 mesh；With fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and beans
Oil etc. are mixed material after mixing in mixing machine；Pulverizer crushing speed: 500 revs/min；Mixing machine feeds intake revolving speed: 20 turns/
Point；Mixed material is crushed through micronizer again, and passes through the sieve of 80 mesh；Micronizer crushing speed: 500 revs/min；
The mixed material crushed through micronizer is moved into modulator, the vapor that mixed material is passed through 95 DEG C is modulated
6 minutes, then by modulated mixed material 95 DEG C at a temperature of enter extrusion granulator feed granules are made, consider
Mouth to megalobrama amblycephala is smaller compared to the fish of same volume, and is conducive to digest and assimilate compared with small particle, the most suitable grain diameter of feed:
2.0mm。
By after extruding feed granules be sent into post vacuum spraying equipment, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine and
Honegsukle flower P.E heat sensitive material is sprayed into feed granules surface.Then, vacuum is taken out, makes these materials in the work of atmospheric pressure
With the lower inside into feed granules；By above-mentioned expanded pellet feed in drying machine cooling and drying；Extruding after drying is raised
Material is cooled to room temperature in cooler and is packed.
The anti-stress expanded feed that embodiment 1 is made carries out the grouping of megalobrama amblycephala outdoor breeding test, and grouping situation is such as
Shown in the following table 1.
Table 1
By cage culture in 2 months, the growth performance of megalobrama amblycephala be the results are shown in Table shown in 2.
Table 2
Control group and experimental group data by numerical value in 8 net cages average ± standard error.Calculation formula is as follows:
Survival rate (%)=survival fish mantissa × 100%/puts fish tail number in a suitable place to breed
Rate of body weight gain (%)=(opisthosoma weight-first weight) × 100%/first weight
Feed coefficient=food ration/(opisthosoma weight-first weight)
Protein efficiency ratio=(opisthosoma weight-first weight)/(food ration × crude protein content of feed)
Nitrogen/energy/phosphorus retention rate (%)=[(opisthosoma weight × fish body nutrient content-first weight × fish body nutrient content)] ×
100%/(food ration × feed nutrient content)
Liver body ratio (%)=liver × 100% weight of weight
Abdominal fat (%)=abdominal fat × 100% weight of weight
Dressing percentage (%)=carcass weight × 100%/weight
As shown in Table 2, the rate of body weight gain of experimental group, protein efficiency ratio, nitrogen retention rate, squama retention rate, energy retention rate and
Abdominal fat is all significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05), but feed coefficient and liver body are than being substantially less than control group (P < 0.05).This
Show using after the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet by being made in embodiment 1, the speed of growth of megalobrama amblycephala, efficiency of feed utilization
And nutrient retention rate significantly improves, and waste situation to feed and also shows to the discharge amount of the elements such as Water phosphorus
Writing reduces, and the reduction of liver body ratio, and the edible part of megalobrama amblycephala increases.Illustrate the feeding compared with commercially available bream expanded pellet diet
Expect in the selection and the more scientific, feed of proportion of raw material that each trophic component is more particularly suitable, combination collocation is also more between each nutrient
Rationally.Therefore, megalobrama amblycephala is also relatively high to the utilization rate of such feed, and the economic benefit of cultivation is higher.
The megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress feed and control group feed that embodiment 1 is made carry out the test of megalobrama amblycephala outdoor breeding, group
The growth indexes of head triangular bream are as shown in table 3.
Table 3
As shown in Table 3, experimental group cortisol provided in an embodiment of the present invention, liver total number born activity, liver
Dirty activity of glutathione peroxidase, liver reductive glutathione content, blood plasma antalzyme activity Complement C_3 and Complement C4
And the survival rate attacked after poison is all remarkably higher than control group (P < 0.05).In addition, compared with the control group, the blood glucose of experimental group contains
Amount and blood plasma gpt activity are relatively low.This shows compared with commercially available bream expanded pellet diet, can using this formula forage
To reduce the megalobrama amblycephala stress reaction of breeding process, the metabolic burden and liver function degree of injury, reduction of fish body are significantly reduced
Fish body oxidative damage degree improves nonspecific immunity of organism, and improves fish body to the resistivity of Aeromonas hydrophila.
The above physiological and biochemical index is also from side illustration, compared with commercially available bream expanded pellet diet, this formula expanded pellet diet raw material choose and
Match more scientific, various nutrition compositions and content are more reasonable.Therefore, the metabolic burden caused by megalobrama amblycephala is smaller, to liver
Dirty degree of injury is lower, and the finished product fish health status for cultivating out is be more good, can thus reduce megalobrama amblycephala fishing and
During transport etc. because stress with injury and caused by economic loss, reduce the death rate, the final economic effect for improving raiser
Benefit.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, which is characterized in that the raw material of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet includes
Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide, and be with the raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet
100% meter, the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E are 0.3%~0.5%；The weight hundred of the bacillus subtilis
Dividing content is 0.1%~0.2%；The weight percentage of the fructooligosaccharide is 0.1%~0.2%.
2. megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that with the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress extruding
The raw material gross weight of feed is 100% meter, and the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet further includes the following of following weight percentage
Raw material composition:
3. megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the Honegsukle flower P.E
Weight percentage is 0.35%~0.45%；The weight percentage of the bacillus subtilis is 0.1%~0.15%；Institute
The weight percentage stated is 0.1%~0.15%.
4. megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress is swollen
The grain diameter for changing feed is 1.5~2mm.
5. a kind of preparation method of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet, which comprises the steps of:
The formula of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet provides each raw material component according to claim 2；
By vinasse albumen, wheat, cotton dregs, rapeseed meal, half defatted fish flour, chicken meal, dregs of beans, rice bran, soybean, shrimp cream, fish multidimensional,
Vitamin C phosphoric ester, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide carry out first time pulverization process, are then stirred mixing, obtain the
One mixed material；First mixed material is carried out second to crush, and passes through the sieve of 60 mesh；By described after sieving
After one mixed material and fish concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and soya-bean oil carry out mixed processing, third time crushing is carried out, and pass through 80
Purpose sieve collects the second mixture；
By second mixture, it is modulated processing in the water vapor atmosphere that temperature is 90-95 DEG C, then mixes modulation
Pellet initial material is made through extrusion granulator under conditions of temperature is 90-95 DEG C in material；
After above-mentioned pellet initial material cooling and drying, using airless spraying technology, by aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, egg
Propylhomoserin, Honegsukle flower P.E, bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide are sprayed into feed granules surface；Then, vacuumizing keeps aquatic products special
Enter the inside of pellet initial material under atmospheric pressure with complex enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E；Into
Cooling treatment after row is dry.
6. the preparation method of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that second wheat-middlings
It is broken to be realized using pulverizer, and crushing speed is 400-500 revs/min；The third time is crushed to be realized using micronizer, and
Crushing speed is 400-500 revs/min.
7. the preparation method of megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that by the institute after sieving
It states in the step of the first mixed material and fish carry out mixed processing with concentrate feed, carbonic acid calcium dihydrogen and soya-bean oil, mixed processing uses
Mixing machine realize, and mixing machine feed intake revolving speed be 16-20 revs/min.
8. such as the preparation method of the described in any item megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diets of claim 5 to 7, which is characterized in that institute
The grain diameter for stating pellet initial material is 1.5-2.0mm.
9. such as the preparation method of the described in any item megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diets of claim 5 to 7, which is characterized in that adopt
With airless spraying technology, aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E are sprayed into feed granules surface
The step of in, using drum-type liquid flush coater, aquatic products special composite enzyme, lysine, methionine, Honegsukle flower P.E are sprayed
To feed granules surface.
10. such as the preparation method of the described in any item megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diets of claim 5 to 7, which is characterized in that with
The raw material gross weight of the megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet is 100% meter, and the weight percentage of the Honegsukle flower P.E is
0.35%~0.45%；The weight percentage of the bacillus subtilis is 0.1%~0.15%；The weight percent contains
Amount is 0.1%~0.15%.
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| CN113498832A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-15 | 深圳市洛神生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing biological feed by hydrolyzing decomposed biogas residues |
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| CN104905072A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-16 | 南通巴大饲料有限公司 | Compound feed for megalobrama amblycephala and preparation method of compound feed |
| US20170020161A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2017-01-26 | Cj Cheiljedang Corporation | Bacillus sp. strain with imporived productivity of fermented soybean meal and method for producin fermented soybean meal using the same |
| CN108606188A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-10-02 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of bighead functionality expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103141701A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-06-12 | 南京农业大学 | Micro-ecological feed capable of improving intestinal function of pelteobagrus fulvidraco fries in feeding habit conversion period |
| US20170020161A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2017-01-26 | Cj Cheiljedang Corporation | Bacillus sp. strain with imporived productivity of fermented soybean meal and method for producin fermented soybean meal using the same |
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