CN114766608A - Feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of small-shed shrimps and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of small-shed shrimps and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
Abstract
A feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of compound feed additives. The feed additive comprises (by weight parts) taurine 5-10 parts, sophora fruit 10-15 parts, white peony root 10-15 parts, dandelion 20-30 parts, acanthopanax root 1-5 parts, phellodendron bark 15-25 parts, garlic 20-25 parts and alternanthera philoxeroides 1-5 parts. The feed additive is rich in active substances such as flavone, polysaccharide, polyphenol and the like, can effectively improve the oxidation resistance of organisms, can effectively prevent the growth and the propagation of harmful bacteria such as vibrio parahaemolyticus and the like, creates a good environment, can improve the anti-stress capability of cultured animals, and can strengthen the physique.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compound feed additives, and particularly relates to a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The culture scale of the penaeus vannamei boone is enlarged year by year. However, due to the problems of limited provenance of the penaeus vannamei boone, deterioration of the breeding ecological environment, multiple diseases and the like, the healthy and continuous development of the industry is seriously influenced. Therefore, in order to ensure the stable yield and high yield of the penaeus vannamei boone, farmers are also required to adopt a proper culture means to promote the soil pond culture of the penaeus vannamei boone to enter virtuous cycle. Under the conditions of low breeding market, high morbidity and continuous culture cost loss, farmers seek new changes on the breeding mode, and the breeding mode is changed into small-shed shrimp breeding.
As a new breeding mode, the small-shed shrimps have relatively obvious advantages, on one hand, the investment is relatively less in factory production and high-level ponds, the threshold for entering the door is low, on the other hand, the small-shed shrimps have the advantages of high yield, easiness in disease control, possibility of peak-shifting of the shrimps in two seasons of a year and the like, and therefore the small-shed shrimps become breeding hotspots in breeding areas in recent years.
With the continuous expansion of the culture scale, the culture diseases also frequently outbreak.
So far, 91 kinds of vibrios with definite taxonomic positions are found, about half of the vibrios have pathogenicity on the cultured shrimps, and the types of the vibrios which can cause prawn diseases commonly comprise vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio harveyi, vibrio mermaidensis, vibrio fertigii, vibrio campylobacter, vibrio vulnificus, vibrio cholerae, vibrio anguillarum, vibrio aerogenes and the like.
Only a few vibrios have strong pathogenicity to aquaculture animals.
The occurrence of vibriosis is usually caused by the deterioration of external environmental conditions, the quantity of pathogenic vibrios reaching a certain quantity, and the decrease of the resistance of the prawns caused by various factors.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: designing a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio pernyi, wherein the feed additive comprises (by weight parts) 5-10 parts of taurine, 10-15 parts of sophora fruit, 10-15 parts of white peony root, 20-30 parts of dandelion, 1-5 parts of acanthopanax root, 15-25 parts of phellodendron, 20-25 parts of garlic and 1-5 parts of alternanthera philoxeroides.
As a further improvement of the invention, the feed additive comprises (by weight parts) taurine 7 parts, sophora fruit 12 parts, white peony root 12 parts, dandelion 25 parts, acanthopanax 3 parts, phellodendron bark 20 parts, garlic 22 parts and alternanthera philoxeroides 3 parts.
As a further improvement of the invention, the feed additive comprises (by weight parts) taurine 10 parts, sophora fruit 15 parts, white peony root 15 parts, dandelion 30 parts, acanthopanax 5 parts, phellodendron bark 25 parts, garlic 25 parts and alternanthera philoxeroides 5 parts.
A preparation method of a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: squeezing the garlic in parts by weight by using a squeezer to squeeze juice out, and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
step two: reducing the pressure of the drying chamber by 9-15 KPa at 45-50 deg.C, and vacuum drying;
step three: adding the dried garlic into the taurine, the sophora fruit, the white paeony root, the dandelion, the acanthopanax, the phellodendron and the alligator alternanthera according to certain parts by weight, and carrying out superfine grinding;
step four: and (4) carrying out low-temperature pasteurization on the crushed mixture to obtain the feed additive.
Taurine
Taurine (Taurine) is a sulfur-containing amino acid with a simple structure in an animal body, and has a chemical name of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid. Taurine has antiinflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, tranquilizing, blood pressure lowering, blood sugar lowering, arrhythmia resisting, antibacterial, platelet aggregation inhibiting, immunity enhancing, gallbladder function promoting, liver strengthening, toxic materials clearing away, and blood vessel tension regulating effects.
Fructus Sophorae
Is dried mature fruit of Leguminosae, such as fructus Sophorae, and fructus Sophorae. The food is rich in flavone, isoflavone, triterpenoid saponin, polysaccharide, alkaloid and the like, can effectively remove excessive free radicals, and has good effects of inhibiting bacteria, diminishing inflammation, relaxing bowel, softening blood vessels and the like.
White peony root
Is dried root of Paeonia lactiflora pall of Ranunculaceae, is rich in glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannin, etc., and has effects of resisting inflammation, protecting liver, and regulating immunity.
Tests of Pengjinju and the like (2009) show that white peony root has strong inhibitory activity on aeromonas sobria (MIC is less than or equal to 12.5 mg/mL).
Studies by Chengyng et al (2015) showed that crude extract of white peony root inhibits adhesion, acidogenesis, synthesis of water-insoluble exopolysaccharides and GTF activity of S.mutans.
Dandelion
The dandelion belongs to Taraxacum of Compositae, is perennial herb, is rich in active substances such as flavone, polysaccharide, polyphenol, alkaloid and the like, and has the functions of resisting oxidation, inhibiting bacteria, protecting liver, regulating hormone and the like.
Experiments of the LiZhaojia and the like (2020) show that the dandelion is added into the feed, the egg laying performance of the laying hens can be improved, and the oxidation resistance of the serum of the laying hens is obviously improved.
Tests of Houjinling et al (2016) show that dandelion has inhibiting effect on escherichia coli, salmonella, staphylococcus aureus by different treatment methods such as water extraction, alcohol extraction, ultrasonic extraction and the like.
Tests (2015) show that the sophora japonica has obvious in-vitro antibacterial effect on streptococcus agalactiae and streptococcus iniae, and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) are both 0.3906mg.ml-1。
Radix Et caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi
Can enhance the anti-hypoxia, anti-fatigue and anti-stress abilities.
Huang Bai
Has the effects of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, purging fire, removing steam, removing toxic substance and treating sore.
Garlic
The volatile oil and allicin in Bulbus Allii paste have effects of invigorating spleen, regulating qi-flowing, resisting virus, resisting bacteria, and relieving dysentery.
Hollow lotus seed
The pharmacological action is as follows: has antiviral, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention is rich in active substances such as flavone, polysaccharide, polyphenol and the like, can effectively improve the oxidation resistance of organisms, can effectively obstruct the growth and the propagation of harmful bacteria such as vibrio parahaemolyticus and the like, creates a good environment, can improve the anti-stress capability of cultured animals, and can strengthen the physique.
2. According to the specific situation of aquaculture, the invention gives full play to the unique advantages of natural plants for preventing and controlling vibriosis, combines in vivo and in vitro, reduces the occurrence of vibriosis in all directions, and embodies the concepts of nature, health and safety.
3. The Chinese herbal medicine is used as a green product in the feed additive, and has the advantages of nature, high efficiency, less toxic and side effects, insignificant drug resistance, rich resources, various performances and the like; the feed additive can improve the production performance and the feed utilization rate of aquatic animals, can fully ensure the health of human bodies, has the dual functions of medicine property and nutrition, and is incomparable with the chemically synthesized feed additive.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the number of vibrios on TCBS medium in shrimp bodies and water bodies in a control group;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the number of Vibrio in the TCBS medium in the shrimp body and the water body of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: squeezing 20 parts by weight of garlic by a squeezer to squeeze out juice, and uniformly stirring by a stirrer;
step two: reducing the pressure of the drying chamber by 9KPa at 45 deg.C, and vacuum drying;
step three: adding the dried garlic into 5 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 1 part, 15 parts and 1 part of taurine, sophora fruit, white paeony root, dandelion, acanthopanax, phellodendron and alternanthera philoxeroides by weight part respectively, and carrying out superfine grinding;
step four: performing low-temperature pasteurization on the crushed mixture to obtain the feed additive;
step five: the feed additive is mixed into feed in an amount of 1 ‰.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps sequentially comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: squeezing 22 parts by weight of garlic by a squeezer to squeeze out juice, and uniformly stirring by a stirrer;
step two: reducing the pressure of the drying chamber by 12KPa at 47 deg.C, and vacuum drying;
step three: adding dried garlic into taurine, fructus Sophorae, radix Paeoniae alba, herba Taraxaci, radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi, cortex Phellodendri and herba Coryli Laciniatae in amounts of 7 parts, 12 parts, 25 parts, 3 parts, 20 parts and 3 parts by weight respectively, and micronizing;
step four: performing low-temperature pasteurization on the crushed mixture to obtain the feed additive;
step five: the feed additive is mixed into feed in an amount of 1 ‰.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps sequentially comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: squeezing 25 parts by weight of garlic by using a squeezer to squeeze juice out, and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
step two: reducing the pressure of the drying chamber by 15KPa at 50 deg.C, and vacuum drying;
step three: adding the dried garlic into 10 parts, 15 parts, 30 parts, 5 parts, 25 parts and 5 parts of taurine, sophora fruit, white paeony root, dandelion, acanthopanax, phellodendron and alternanthera philoxeroides by weight, and carrying out superfine grinding;
step four: performing low-temperature pasteurization on the crushed mixture to obtain the feed additive;
step five: the feed additive is mixed into feed at an amount of 1 ‰ of feed additive.
Four different cultivation sheds with the same offspring seeds and the same stocking time are selected in the cultivation area and are respectively fed with the feed of the embodiment 1-3 and the control group, the feed is fed for the same times every day, and the rest cultivation conditions are the same except that the feed additives are different.
Influence of the invention on its survival rate
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the number of Vibrio in TCBS culture medium in shrimp bodies and water in control group, wherein the culture medium is full of Vibrio; FIG. 2 is a graph of the number of vibrios on the TCBS medium of the shrimp bodies and water bodies in examples 1, 2 and 3 (from left to right), and it can be seen from the direct observation of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 that the number of vibrios on the TCBS medium of the shrimp bodies and water bodies in the present invention is much smaller than that of the control group. Therefore, the invention can effectively obstruct the growth and the reproduction of harmful bacteria such as vibrio parahaemolyticus and the like, create good environment, improve the anti-stress capability of the cultured animals and strengthen the physique.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio of shrimps is characterized in that: the feed additive comprises (by weight parts) taurine 5-10 parts, sophora fruit 10-15 parts, white peony root 10-15 parts, dandelion 20-30 parts, acanthopanax root 1-5 parts, phellodendron bark 15-25 parts, garlic 20-25 parts and alternanthera philoxeroides 1-5 parts.
2. The feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio cloaca shrimp according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the feed additive comprises (by weight parts) taurine 7 parts, sophora fruit 12 parts, white peony root 12 parts, dandelion 25 parts, acanthopanax 3 parts, phellodendron bark 20 parts, garlic 22 parts and alternanthera philoxeroides 3 parts.
3. The feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio cloaca as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed additive comprises: the feed additive comprises (by weight parts) taurine 10 parts, sophora fruit 15 parts, white peony root 15 parts, dandelion 30 parts, acanthopanax 5 parts, phellodendron 25 parts, garlic 25 parts and alternanthera philoxeroides 5 parts.
4. The method for preparing a feed additive for preventing and controlling vibrio shrimps as claimed in claim 1-3, wherein the feed additive comprises the following components: the method comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: squeezing the garlic in parts by weight by using a squeezer to squeeze juice out, and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
step two: reducing the pressure of the drying chamber by 9-15 KPa at 45-50 deg.C, and vacuum drying;
step three: adding the dried garlic into the taurine, the sophora fruit, the white paeony root, the dandelion, the acanthopanax, the phellodendron and the alligator alternanthera according to certain parts by weight, and carrying out superfine grinding;
step four: and (4) carrying out low-temperature pasteurization on the crushed mixture to obtain the feed additive.
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1644077A (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2005-07-27 | 冯绍宽 | Plant additive premixed forage for aquatic culture and bait therefrom |
| CN104664164A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-03 | 任芳芳 | Feed additive capable of reducing white spot syndrome virus disease of penaeus vannamei boone |
| CN113349314A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 苏州市吴江区水产技术推广站 | Preparation method of multifunctional fermentation type plant preparation for aquaculture |
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- 2021-12-02 CN CN202111460053.8A patent/CN114766608A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1644077A (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2005-07-27 | 冯绍宽 | Plant additive premixed forage for aquatic culture and bait therefrom |
| CN104664164A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-03 | 任芳芳 | Feed additive capable of reducing white spot syndrome virus disease of penaeus vannamei boone |
| CN113349314A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 苏州市吴江区水产技术推广站 | Preparation method of multifunctional fermentation type plant preparation for aquaculture |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 杨雷;马长德;谢东霞;徐国昌;毛秉豫;周冬生;: "牛磺酸作用下副溶血弧菌基因转录表达变化分析", 时珍国医国药, vol. 22, no. 12, pages 2836 - 2839 * |
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