CN114746698A - Combustion device, calculation method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

A combustion facility provided with a furnace main body having a drying section, a combustion section, and an ember section arranged in a transport direction, and dividing a processing space into which an object to be incinerated is transported in the transport direction, the processing space being respectively subjected to drying, combustion, and ember combustion, the combustion facility being provided with: a temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature of the material to be incinerated at the end of the flame caused by combustion on the conveying direction section side, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point; and a calculation unit that calculates the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material after burnout based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from a preset reference temperature value.

Description

Combustion device, calculation method, and program

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a combustion apparatus, an operation method, and a program.

The present application claims priority to Japanese application laid-open application No. 2019-217297 at 11/29/2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Background

Patent document 1 discloses a technique for performing stable incineration of waste by controlling the oxygen content of combustion air supplied to the combustion grate and below the burn-out grate in accordance with the layer thickness and burn-out point on the combustion grate and the pre-combustion burn-out point on the burn-out grate.

Patent document 2 discloses a technique of detecting the concentration of a specific component of exhaust gas generated in a part or the whole of an ember zone, deriving the combustion rate of refuse from the detected exhaust gas concentration, and determining the amount of unburned refuse from the derived combustion rate and the amount of combustion air supplied at that time.

Prior art documents

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 3618668

Patent document 2: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 6-288529

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

The unburned amount of solid fuel such as waste and biomass put into a combustion facility varies when the type, composition, calorific value, composition, fixed carbon ratio, and the like vary. For efficient operation of the combustion plant, it is desirable to control so that the solid fuel is burned off at the end of the ember section of the combustion plant. However, it is difficult to directly measure the unburned amount of the solid fuel in real time.

The present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a combustion apparatus, a calculation method, and a program.

Means for solving the problem

The combustion apparatus according to the present disclosure includes: a furnace main body which has a drying section, a combustion section, and an ember section arranged in a transport direction, and which divides a processing space in which an object to be incinerated is dried, burned, and ember are respectively carried in the transport direction, the combustion facility including: a temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature of the material to be incinerated at the end of the flame caused by combustion on the conveying direction section side, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point; and a calculation unit that calculates the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material after burnout based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from a preset reference temperature value.

In the calculation method according to the present disclosure, a combustion apparatus includes: a furnace main body having a drying section, a combustion section, and an ember section arranged in a conveying direction, and dividing a processing space in which an object to be incinerated is dried, combusted, and ember are respectively divided by conveying the object in the conveying direction, the method comprising: measuring the temperature of the material to be incinerated at the end portion of the flame caused by combustion on the conveyance direction stage side, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point; and calculating the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material after burnout based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from a preset reference temperature value.

A program according to the present disclosure, a combustion apparatus includes: a furnace main body having a drying section, a combustion section, and an ember section arranged in a transport direction, and dividing a processing space into which an object to be incinerated is dried, combusted, and ember are respectively divided by transporting the object in the transport direction, wherein the program causes a computer of the combustion apparatus to execute: measuring the temperature of the material to be incinerated at the end portion of the flame caused by combustion on the conveyance direction stage side, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point; and calculating the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material after burnout based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from a preset reference temperature value.

Effect of invention

According to the combustion apparatus, the calculation method, and the program of the present disclosure, stable combustion can be achieved by appropriately maintaining the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated in the combustion apparatus.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of a control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the combustion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the combustion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of a control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of a computer according to at least one embodiment.

Detailed Description

< first embodiment >

Structure of Combustion apparatus

The structure of the combustion facility 100 according to the first embodiment will be described below. The combustion facility 100 according to the first embodiment is a facility for incinerating waste which is an object to be incinerated 400. As examples of the combustion apparatus 100, a waste incineration grate furnace and a biomass fluidized bed boiler can be cited. The combustion facility 100 according to the first embodiment is a waste incineration grate furnace.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a combustion facility 100 according to a first embodiment. The combustion facility 100 includes a grate (starter) furnace 1, an exhaust heat recovery boiler 8, a desuperheater 9, a dust collector 11, a chimney 12, and a controller 300.

The grate furnace 1 is a furnace that burns an object 400 to be incinerated while being conveyed. Examples of the material to be incinerated 400 include waste and biomass. The material to be incinerated 400 in fig. 1 is waste. As the combustion of the material to be incinerated 400 is performed in the grate furnace 1, exhaust gas is generated from the grate furnace 1. The exhaust gas is sent to an exhaust heat recovery boiler 8 provided in the upper part of the grate furnace 1.

The exhaust heat recovery boiler 8 heats water by exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and the water, thereby generating steam. This steam is used for an external device not shown. The exhaust gas having passed through the exhaust heat recovery boiler 8 is cooled in the desuperheater 9 and then sent to the dust collector 11. After soot and dust are removed by the dust collector 11, the exhaust gas passes through the chimney 12 and is emitted into the atmosphere.

Next, the structure of the grate furnace 1 will be explained. As shown in fig. 1, the grate furnace 1 includes a furnace main body 10, a furnace 7 extending upward from the furnace main body 10, a hopper 3 for temporarily storing an object 400 to be incinerated, a feeder 31 for feeding the object 400 to be incinerated from the hopper 3 into the furnace main body 10, and a grate 6 provided at the bottom of the furnace main body 10. The grate furnace 1 further includes a discharge chute 13 for discharging the burned objects 400 to the outside, a wind box 2 disposed below the grate 6, a clinker roller 210 for moving the objects 400 to the discharge chute 13, and a camera 220 for imaging the accommodating space V of the furnace body 10. The grate furnace 1 further includes a blower B1 for feeding air into the primary air line L1 and the secondary air line L2, a primary air line L1 for supplying air to the wind box 2, and a secondary air line L2 for supplying air to the fire furnace 7.

The grate 6 is formed by a plurality of grates 61. The grate 61 includes a fixed grate 61A and a movable grate 61B. The fixed grate 61A is a fixed grate 61. The movable grate 61B is a grate 61 that stirs the material to be incinerated 400 placed on the grate 61 by moving in the conveyance direction Da and the-Da direction at a constant speed. the-Da direction mentioned above means a direction opposite to the conveying direction Da.

A treatment space V for burning the material to be incinerated 400 is formed inside the furnace main body 10. In the processing space V, the object 400 to be incinerated is transported by the grate 6 in a transport direction Da from the feeder 31 toward the chute 13. The burned objects to be incinerated 400 pass through the discharge chute 13 and are discharged to the outside. In this embodiment, the grate 6 is horizontally disposed. On the other hand, the grate 6 according to another embodiment may be provided to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.

The furnace body 10 is designed to be divided into a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and an ember section 23 in this order from the upstream side in the conveying direction Da. The drying section 21 is a section for drying the material to be incinerated 400 supplied from the hopper 3 before combustion. The combustion stage 22 and the ember stage 23 are sections for burning the dried material to be incinerated 400. In the combustion section 22, a flame F is generated by thermally decomposing gas generated from the material to be incinerated 400. In the burnout zone 23, the fixed carbon of the material to be incinerated 400 is combusted, and therefore, the flame F is not generated. In other words, the flame F accompanying combustion is mainly formed above the combustion section 22.

The burner 7 extends upward from an upper portion of the burner body 10. Through the furnace 7, the exhaust gas in the treatment space V is sent to an exhaust heat recovery boiler 8. A primary air line L1 connects the blower B1 and the wind box 2. By driving the blower B1, air is supplied to the wind box 2 through the primary air line L1. The wind box 2 supplies air into the processing space V. A secondary air line L2 connects the blower B1 with the interior of the fire 7. Combustion air is supplied into the furnace 7 through a secondary air line L2. The wind box 2 forms the bottom surface of the processing space V. A plurality of wind boxes 2 are arranged in the conveying direction Da.

The clinker roller 210 rotates to move the material to be incinerated 400 from the ember zone 23 to the discharge chute 13. The clinker roller 210 rotates for each time period set by the control device 300. The camera 220 photographs the material to be incinerated 400 near the first half section of the ember section 23 and the periphery of the material to be incinerated 400. As an example of the first half zone of the ember section 23, is the first half zone area within the ember section 23. That is, of the two windboxes 2 relating to the ember zone 23, the region relating to the former windbox 2 is an example of the first half region of the ember zone 23.

Further, as described above, since the flame F associated with combustion is formed above the burner stage 22 and is not generated in the ember stage 23, the first half of the ember stage 23 may be said to be in the vicinity of the end portion on the conveying direction stage side of the flame F. Hereinafter, the end of the flame F on the conveyance direction stage side is also referred to as the burnout point Z. The burnout point Z can be said to be a point at which generation of thermally decomposed gas by heating of the object 400 to be incinerated is completed. The burnout point Z can vary depending on the environment in which the combustion apparatus 100 is placed or the combustion condition of the material to be incinerated 400. Therefore, the burnout point Z is set at a given range including the boundary point of the burn-out stage 22 and the ember stage 23 or a given range including the end portion on the conveyance direction stage side of the flame F. The camera 220 images the periphery of the object 400 to be incinerated, and the wall surface of the furnace body 10 dividing the processing space V and the bright flames generated from the object 400 are reflected in the image data generated by the camera 220. As an example of the camera 220, a camera provided with a visual camera and an infrared camera can be cited. The camera 220 may be provided with a hyperspectral camera instead of the infrared camera.

The control device 300 controls the grate 6, the blower B1, and the clinker roller 210. Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 300. The control device 300 includes an acquisition unit 305, a temperature measurement unit 310, a length measurement unit 320, a height measurement unit 330, a calculation unit 340, and a control unit 350. The control device 300 is connected to the combustion apparatus 100 in a wired or wireless manner.

The acquisition unit 305 acquires image data from the camera 220.

The temperature measuring unit 310 measures the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 in the vicinity of the front stage of the ember stage 23 based on the image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305. As an example of the vicinity of the preceding stage, when the combustion equipment 100 is used to burn the material 400 to be incinerated, the vicinity of a location that becomes the burnout point Z of the material 400 to be incinerated can be cited. That is, as an example of the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 in the vicinity of the preceding stage, the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 in a predetermined range including the boundary point between the combustion stage 22 and the ember stage 23 or in a predetermined range including the end portion on the conveying direction stage side of the flame F can be cited. Further, as an example of the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 in the vicinity of the preceding stage, the average temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 in the preceding stage of the ember stage 23 can be cited. Specifically, the temperature measuring unit 310 measures the temperature by performing the following operations.

The temperature measurement unit 310 receives image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 from the infrared camera or the hyperspectral camera of the camera 220. The temperature measuring unit 310 divides a predetermined portion of the received image data in the region near the burnout point Z, that is, the region near the first half of the ember stage 23, for each region, and normalizes the luminance of each region. Then, the temperature measuring unit 310 refers to the luminance of each region and the temperature information in which the luminance and the temperature are associated with each other, and determines the temperature of each region. The temperature measuring unit 310 determines the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 using the highest temperature among the temperatures for each zone or the average temperature of the temperatures for each zone, and measures the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400.

The length measuring unit 320 measures the burn-up length based on the image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305. The burnout length refers to a length from a boundary of the feeder 31 and the drying section 21 to the burnout point Z. The material to be incinerated 400 having the burnout point Z as a boundary changes from gas combustion to solid combustion. Specifically, the length measuring unit 320 measures the burn-up length by the following operation.

The length measuring unit 320 receives the image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305 from the camera 220. Then, the length measuring unit 320 binarizes the brightness of the received image data by using a preset threshold. The length measuring unit 320 determines the point at which the value changes as the point related to the boundary of the bright flame of the flame F when the values of the binarized image data are arranged in the order of the conveying direction Da. The length measuring unit 320 calculates an average value of points related to the boundary of the bright flame of the flame F, and determines the average value as the burnout point Z. The length measuring unit 320 calculates the length from the point where the feeder 31 and the drying section 21 are in contact with each other to the burnout point Z, and measures the burnout length.

The height measuring unit 330 obtains image data from the camera 220 to measure the height of the surface of the incinerated object 400 in the vicinity of the first half of the ember zone 23. The height refers to a relative height of the surface of the material to be incinerated 400 with reference to the wall surface of the furnace main body 10 that divides the treatment space V. Specifically, the height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface of the object 400 to be incinerated by the following operations.

The height measurement unit 330 receives image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 from the infrared camera or the hyperspectral camera of the camera 220. The height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface of the object 400 to be incinerated, which is specified based on a predetermined threshold value among the received image data, by referring to the surface and the wall surface of the processing space V.

The calculation unit 340 calculates the ratio of the unburned amount of the burned material 400 after burning. The above-mentioned unburned amount ratio is a value obtained by dividing the weight of char (fixed carbon) included in the burned material 400 after burning by the value obtained by adding the weight of char included in the burned material 400 after burning to the weight of charcoal included in the burned material 400. Specifically, the calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of the unburned amount by substituting the data acquired from the temperature measurement unit 310, the length measurement unit 320, and the height measurement unit 330 into the following expression (1).

Ratio of unburned amount ═ C + α X₁-βX₂+γX₃···(1)

In the above equation 1, the reference value C is a preset reference value. The coefficient α, the coefficient β, and the coefficient γ are values of preset coefficients. The reference value C, the coefficient α, the coefficient β, and the coefficient γ are set in advance by, for example, actually measuring the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400 before using the combustion apparatus. The reference value C, the coefficient α, the coefficient β, and the coefficient γ can vary depending on the environment around the combustion apparatus 100, the components of the material to be incinerated 400, and the like.

X₁The burn-up length measured by the length measuring unit 320 is subtracted from a preset reference burn-up length. X₂The height measured by the height measuring unit 330 is subtracted from a preset reference height. X₃The temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 is subtracted from a preset reference temperature value.

The control unit 350 controls the combustion apparatus 100 so that the ratio of the unburned amount calculated by the calculation unit 340 falls within a predetermined range. As an example of the preset range, the following range: the upper limit value is the sum of the target unburnt amount ratio, which is the ratio of the unburnt amount determined to be optimal for stable operation of the combustion apparatus 100, and the fluctuation value determined by the user of the combustion apparatus 100 in consideration of the fluctuation in operation of the combustion apparatus 100, and the lower limit value is the sum of the target unburnt amount ratio, which is the ratio of the unburnt amount determined to be optimal for stable operation of the combustion apparatus 100 by the user of the combustion apparatus 100, and the fluctuation value determined by the user of the combustion apparatus 100 in consideration of the fluctuation in operation of the combustion apparatus 100. Examples of the target unburned amount ratio include a ratio at which the fixed carbon in the material to be incinerated 400 is burned out when the material to be incinerated 400 reaches the final end of the ember zone 23.

Specifically, the control unit 350 controls the clinker roller 210, the blower B1, the grate 61, and the air box 2 such that the operation interval of the clinker roller 210, the ratio of the air to be fed into the ember zone 23 among the air to be fed into the drying zone 21, the combustion zone 22, and the ember zone 23, the operation speed of the grate 61, and the amount of air to be fed into the air inlet box 2 are changed.

When the operation interval of the clinker roller 210 is increased, the residence time of the material to be incinerated 400 in the furnace main body 10 increases. This increases the combustion time of the material to be incinerated 400, and therefore, the proportion of the unburned content of the material to be incinerated 400 decreases. When the operation interval of the clinker roller 210 is reduced, the residence time of the material to be incinerated 400 in the furnace main body is reduced. This shortens the combustion time of the material to be incinerated 400, and therefore, the proportion of the unburned content of the material to be incinerated 400 increases.

Further, if the proportion of the air charged into the ember stage 23 among the air charged into the drying stage 21, the combustion stage 22, and the ember stage 23 increases, ember for removing fixed carbon from the material to be incinerated 400 is more strongly performed based on the large amount of air, and therefore the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400 decreases. If the proportion of the air introduced into the ember zone 23 among the air introduced into the drying zone 21, the combustion zone 22, and the ember zone 23 is decreased, the ember for removing the fixed carbon from the material to be incinerated 400 is made weaker by a small amount of air, and therefore the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400 increases.

Further, when the operating speed of the movable grate 61B is increased in the grate 61, the material to be incinerated 400 is stirred more strongly, and therefore the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400 decreases. When the operating speed of the movable grate 61B is reduced in the grate 61, the agitation of the material to be incinerated 400 is more weakly performed, and therefore the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400 increases.

Further, if the amount of air fed into the wind box 2 relating to the drying zone 21, the combustion zone 22, and the ember zone 23 is increased, the incineration of the object 400 is more intensively performed based on a larger amount of air, and therefore the proportion of the unburned amount of the object 400 is decreased. When the amount of air fed into the wind box 2 relating to the drying zone 21, the combustion zone 22 and the ember zone 23 is reduced, the incineration of the object 400 proceeds more weakly based on a smaller amount of air, and therefore the proportion of the unburned amount of the object 400 increases.

Operation of calculating the proportion of unburned Combustion amount in Combustion plant

Hereinafter, an operation of calculating the proportion of the unburned fuel amount in the combustion apparatus 100 will be described. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of calculating the proportion of the unburned combustibility in the combustion system 100 according to the first embodiment.

The camera 220 captures an image of the processing space V to acquire the object 400 to be incinerated and image data of the periphery of the object 400 to be incinerated (step S1). Specifically, the visible camera and the infrared camera of the camera 220 capture images of the wall surface that divides the object 400 to be incinerated and the processing space V.

The acquisition unit 305 acquires the image data captured by the camera 220 in step S1.

The temperature measuring unit 310 measures the temperature of the object to be incinerated 400 based on the image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305 in step S2 (step S3). For example, the temperature measuring unit 310 receives the image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305 in step S2. The temperature measuring unit 310 divides a predetermined portion of the received image data in the region near the burnout point Z, that is, the region near the first half of the ember stage 23, for each region, and normalizes the luminance of each region. Then, the temperature measuring unit 310 refers the luminance of each region and the temperature information in which the luminance and the temperature are associated with each other to determine the temperature of each region. The temperature measuring unit 310 determines the temperature of the object 400 to be incinerated, using the highest temperature among the temperatures of the respective zones or the average temperature of the temperatures of the respective zones, and measures the temperature of the object 400 to be incinerated.

The length measuring unit 320 measures the burn-up length based on the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 in step S2 (step S4). For example, the length measuring unit 320 receives the image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305 in step S2. Then, the length measuring unit 320 binarizes the brightness of the received image data by using a preset threshold. The length measuring unit 320 determines a point where the value changes as a point related to a boundary of a bright flame of the flame F when values of binarized image data are arranged in the order of the conveying direction Da. The length measuring unit 320 calculates an average value of points related to the boundary of the bright flame of the flame F to determine the burn-up point Z. The length measuring unit 320 calculates the length from the point where the feeder 31 and the drying section 21 are in contact with each other to the burnout point Z, and measures the burnout length.

The height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface of the object 400 to be incinerated, based on the image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305 in step S2 (step S5). For example, the height measuring unit 330 receives image data acquired by the acquiring unit 305 from an infrared camera or a hyperspectral camera of the camera 220. The height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface of the object 400 to be incinerated, which is specified based on a predetermined threshold value among the received image data, by referring to the surface and the wall surface of the processing space V.

The calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of unburned fuel based on the temperature measured in step S2, the burnout length measured in step S3, and the height measured in step S4 (step S6).

By the above operation, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the ratio of the unburned components after the burnout of the material to be incinerated 400. This enables the user of the combustion apparatus 100 to grasp in real time the proportion of the unburned components in the material 400 to be incinerated by the combustion apparatus 100.

Action of control of Combustion apparatus

Hereinafter, the operation of the control of the combustion plant 100 will be described. Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of controlling the combustion facility 100 according to the first embodiment.

The combustion apparatus 100 calculates the unburned amount ratio by the operations from step S1 to step S5 described above. When the calculated ratio of the unburned amount is within the preset range (yes in step S11), the operation related to the control of the combustion apparatus 100 is ended. On the other hand, if the calculated unburned amount ratio is not within the preset range (no in step S11), the control unit 350 performs control so that the operation interval of the clinker roller 210 changes (step S12). That is, the control part 350 transmits a signal to the clinker roller 210 so as to change the operation interval of the clinker roller 210. For example, when the unburned amount ratio is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls so that the operation interval of the clinker roller 210 increases. When the unburned amount ratio is equal to or less than the lower limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control so that the operation interval of the clinker roller 210 is reduced.

After step S12, the combustion apparatus 100 repeats the operations from step S1 to step S5 again to calculate the proportion of the unburned amount. When the calculated ratio of the unburned amount is within the preset range (yes in step S13), the operation related to the control of the combustion plant 100 is ended. On the other hand, if the calculated ratio of the unburned amount is not within the preset range (NO in step S13), the control unit 350 controls the ratio of the air to be fed into the ember zone 23 (step S14). That is, the controller 350 sends a signal to the blower B1 to control the proportion of air that is fed into the ember section 23 through the primary air line L1. For example, when the ratio of the unburned amount is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control so that the ratio of the air to be fed into the ember zone 23 is increased. On the other hand, when the ratio of the unburned amount is equal to or less than the lower limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control so that the ratio of the air to be fed into the ember zone 23 is decreased.

After step S14, the combustion apparatus 100 repeats the operations from step S1 to step S5 again, and calculates the proportion of the unburned amount. When the calculated ratio of the unburned amount is within the preset range (yes in step S15), the operation related to the control of the combustion plant 100 is ended. On the other hand, if the calculated ratio of the unburned amount is not within the preset range (NO in step S15), the control unit 350 controls the operating speed of the grate 61 (step S16). That is, the control section 350 sends a signal to an actuator that operates the movable grate 61B to control the operating speed of the movable grate 61B. For example, when the unburned amount ratio is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the operation speed of the movable grate 61B to be increased. On the other hand, when the unburned-fuel amount ratio is equal to or less than the lower limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the operating speed of the movable grate 61B to be decreased.

After step S16, the combustion apparatus 100 repeats the operations from step S1 to step S5 again, and calculates the proportion of the unburned amount. When the calculated unburned fuel amount ratio is within the preset range (yes in step S17), the operation related to the control of the combustion apparatus 100 is ended. On the other hand, if the calculated ratio of the unburned amount is not within the preset range (no in step S17), the control unit 350 controls the amount of air to be fed into the intake box 2 (step S18). That is, the control unit 350 sends a signal to the blower B1 to control the amount of air to be fed into the inlet box 2. For example, when the ratio of the unburned amount is equal to or greater than the upper limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control so that the amount of air fed into the intake box 2 increases. On the other hand, when the unburned amount ratio is equal to or less than the lower limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control so that the amount of air fed into the intake box 2 is reduced.

After step S18, the combustion apparatus 100 repeats the operations from step S1 to step S5 again, and calculates the proportion of the unburned amount. When the calculated ratio of the unburned amount is within the preset range (yes in step S19), the operation related to the control of the combustion plant 100 is ended. On the other hand, if the calculated unburned amount ratio is not within the preset range (no in step S19), the process returns to step S12 again, and the controller 350 performs control so that the operation interval of the clinker roller 210 changes (step S12).

By the above-described operation, the combustion apparatus 100 controls the combustion apparatus 100 based on the calculated unburned amount ratio so that the unburned amount ratio falls within a predetermined range, and therefore, a user of the combustion apparatus 100 can appropriately maintain the unburned amount ratio of the material to be incinerated 400, and realize stable combustion.

In addition, the operation of the control of the combustion apparatus 100 is not limited to the above-described operation. For example, the order of the control of the clinker roller 210, the control of the air ratio, the control of the operating speed of the grate 61, and the control of the air amount is not limited to the above-described order, and may be operations in a different order. Further, a plurality of control may be performed simultaneously among the control of the clinker roller 210, the control of the air ratio, the control of the operating speed of the grate 61, and the control of the air amount. Further, the operation related to only one control may be performed a plurality of times among the control of the clinker roller 210, the control of the air ratio, the control of the operating speed of the grate 61, and the control of the air amount. Further, only one of the control of the clinker roller 210, the control of the air ratio, the control of the operating speed of the grate 61, and the control of the air amount may be performed.

Action and Effect

The combustion apparatus 100 according to the present disclosure includes: the combustion facility 100 includes a furnace main body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and an ember section 23 arranged in a conveying direction, and dividing a processing space V into which drying, combustion, and ember are performed by conveying an object 400 to be incinerated in a conveying direction Da, the combustion facility including: a temperature measuring unit 310 that measures the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 near the end portion on the side of the flame transport direction Da section, that is, the burnout point Z, caused by combustion; and a calculation unit 340 that calculates the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material 400 after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the preset reference temperature value.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned after burning, and the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned in the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

Further, the combustion facility 100 includes: the control unit 350 controls the combustion apparatus 100 so that the ratio of the unburned amount falls within a predetermined range.

Accordingly, the combustion facility 100 controls the combustion facility 100 based on the calculated unburned amount ratio so that the unburned amount ratio falls within a predetermined range, and therefore, a user of the combustion facility 100 can appropriately maintain the unburned amount ratio of the material to be incinerated 400, and achieve stable combustion.

Further, the furnace main body 10 of the combustion apparatus 100 has: a clinker roller 210 for moving the material to be incinerated 400 from the ash section 23; air is respectively fed into the wind boxes 2 of the drying section 21, the combustion section 22 and the burnout section 23; and a grate 61 for conveying the object 400 in the conveying direction Da, wherein the control unit 350 controls at least one of: the interval of movement of the clinker roller 210; the proportion of the air fed into the ember zone 23 among the air fed into the drying zone 21, the combustion zone 22 and the ember zone 23; the operating speed of the furnace calculation 61; and the amount of air put into the air inlet box 2.

Thus, the combustion facility 100 can control the amount of air or the distribution of air to be fed to the clinker rollers 210 or the windboxes 2 and the operating speed of the grate 61 so that the proportion of the unburned amount of the material 400 to be incinerated by the combustion facility 100 falls within a fixed range. Therefore, the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400, and can realize stable combustion.

Further, the combustion facility 100 includes: a feeder 31 for feeding the material to be incinerated 400 to the drying section 21; and a length measuring unit 320 for measuring a burnout length, which is a length from a point where the feeder 31 contacts the drying section 21 to the burnout point Z of the material to be incinerated 400, and the calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of the unburnt amount based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting a value of the measured temperature from a value of the reference temperature and a value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 after burning out by measuring the burn-out length, and the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned in the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

Further, the combustion facility 100 includes: the height measuring section 330 measures the height of the surface of the object 400 to be incinerated near the first half of the ember zone 23, and the calculation section 340 calculates the proportion of the unburned content based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the reference temperature value, the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length, and the value obtained by subtracting the height from the reference height.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content after the burnout of the material to be incinerated 400 by measuring the height of the surface of the material to be incinerated 400, and the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the material to be incinerated 400 incinerated by the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

< second embodiment >

The combustion facility 100 according to the second embodiment will be explained below. The combustion facility 100 according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as the combustion facility 100 according to the first embodiment. Unlike the calculation unit 340 according to the first embodiment, the calculation unit 340 according to the second embodiment calculates the proportion of the unburned amount based on the previously calculated proportion of the unburned amount, instead of calculating the proportion of the unburned amount using a mathematical expression.

For example, the calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of unburned combustibles by referring to the burn-out length measured by the length measurement unit 320, the height measured by the height measurement unit 330, and the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit 310 in a table in which the burn-out length, the height, the temperature, and the proportion of unburned combustibles are associated with each other.

Thus, the calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400 using the previously calculated proportion of the unburned amount, and therefore, the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400 that is burned by the combustion apparatus 100 can be calculated, and the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can grasp the proportion of the unburned amount in real time.

< third embodiment >

The combustion facility 100 according to the third embodiment will be described below. The control device 300 of the combustion facility 100 according to the third embodiment is configured without the length measuring unit 320, the height measuring unit 330, and the calculating unit 340 among the control devices 300 of the combustion facility 100 according to the first embodiment. The control device 300 of the combustion facility 100 according to the third embodiment controls the combustion facility 100 using the value measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 or the like, instead of calculating the ratio of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400.

Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a control device 300 according to the third embodiment. The control device 300 includes a temperature measuring unit 310 and a control unit 350.

The camera 220 provided in the combustion facility 100 according to the third embodiment may be provided with a visual camera.

The control unit 350 controls the combustion apparatus 100 so that the value of the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 falls within a predetermined range. For example, when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 is higher than the upper limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the operation interval of the clinker roller 210, the ratio of the air to be fed into the ember zone 23, the operation speed of the grate 61, and the amount of the air to be fed into the inlet box 2 to be increased.

When the value of the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 is lower than the lower limit value of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control so that the operation interval of the clinker roller 210, the proportion of the air to be fed into the ember zone 23, the operation speed of the grate 61, or the amount of the air to be fed into the air intake box 2 can be reduced. That is, the control device according to the first embodiment obtains the proportion of the unburned amount, and the control unit 350 controls the combustion apparatus 100 based on the proportion of the unburned amount, but the combustion apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment omits calculation of the proportion of the unburned amount, and performs control based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310.

Action and Effect

The combustion apparatus 100 according to the present disclosure includes: the combustion facility 100 includes a furnace main body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and an ember section 23 arranged in a conveying direction Da, and dividing a processing space V into which an object 400 to be incinerated is conveyed in the conveying direction Da and dried, combusted, and ember are burned, the combustion facility including: a temperature measuring unit 310 that measures the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 near the end portion on the side of the flame transport direction Da section, that is, the burnout point Z, caused by combustion; and a control unit 350 for controlling the combustion apparatus 100 so that the temperature value falls within a predetermined range.

Thus, the combustion facility 100 uses the measured temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 to control the combustion facility 100. Therefore, the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400, and can realize stable combustion.

< other embodiment >

While one embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the above configuration, and various design changes and the like can be made.

The combustion apparatus 100 may measure the total length instead of the length measuring unit 320 and directly measure the concentration of the thermal decomposition gas in the object 400 to be incinerated. In this case, the calculation unit 340 calculates the ratio of the unburned amount using the measured concentration. The temperature can also be measured directly using a thermocouple.

In addition to the example described in the first embodiment, the control unit 350 may control the apparatus provided in the combustion apparatus 100 so that the proportion of the unburned amount of the material 400 to be incinerated changes.

The control is performed based on the temperature and height of the material to be incinerated 400 at the position of the first half of the ember zone 23, which are predetermined, but the control is not limited to this, and the temperature and height of the material to be incinerated 400 present in the vicinity thereof may be determined after the burnout point is determined, and the control may be performed based on these.

Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of a computer according to at least one embodiment.

The computer 1100 is provided with a processor 1110, a main memory 1120, a storage 1130, and an interface 1140.

The control device 300 is installed in the computer 1100. The operations of the processing units are stored in the storage 1130 as programs. The processor 1110 reads a program from the storage 1130, expands the program in the main memory 1120, and executes the above-described processing according to the program. The processor 1110 also secures a storage area corresponding to each storage unit in the main memory 1120 in accordance with the program.

The program may also be used to implement a part of the functions that cause the computer 1100 to function. For example, the program may function in combination with another program already stored in the storage 1130 or in combination with another program installed in another device. In another embodiment, the computer 1100 may include a custom LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) such as a PLD (Programmable Logic Device) in addition to or instead of the above-described configuration. As examples of PLDs, PAL (Programmable Array Logic), GAL (general Array Logic), CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) can be cited. In this case, a part or all of the functions implemented by the processor 1110 may be implemented by the integrated circuit.

Examples of the storage 1130 include a magnetic disk, an optical magnetic disk, a semiconductor memory, and the like. The storage 1130 may be an internal medium directly connected to a bus of the computer 1100, or may be an external medium connected to the computer via the interface 1140 or a communication line. When the program is distributed to the computer 1100 through the communication line, the computer 1100 that has received the distribution may expand the program in the main memory 1120 and execute the processing described above. In at least one embodiment, the storage 1130 is a non-transitory tangible storage medium.

Further, the program may also be used to realize a part of the aforementioned functions. Further, the program may be a so-called differential file (differential program) that realizes the above-described function by combining with another program already stored in the storage 1130.

< accompanying notes >

(1) The combustion facility 100 according to the first embodiment includes: a furnace main body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and an ember section 23 arranged in a conveying direction, and dividing a processing space V into which an object 400 to be incinerated is dried, burned, and ember burned by conveying the object in a conveying direction Da, the combustion facility 100 comprising: a temperature measuring unit 310 that measures the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 at the end portion on the side of the flame conveyance direction Da, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point Z; and a calculation unit 340 that calculates the proportion of unburned components in the burned material 400 based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the preset reference temperature value.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned after burning, and the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned by the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

(2) Further, the combustion facility 100 includes: the control unit 350 controls the combustion apparatus 100 so that the ratio of the unburned amount falls within a predetermined range.

Accordingly, the combustion facility 100 controls the combustion facility 100 based on the calculated unburned amount ratio so that the unburned amount ratio falls within a predetermined range, and therefore, the user of the combustion facility 100 can appropriately maintain the unburned amount ratio of the material to be incinerated 400, and stable combustion can be achieved.

(3) Further, the furnace main body 10 of the combustion apparatus 100 has: a clinker roller 210 for moving the material to be incinerated 400 from the ash section 23; air is respectively fed into the wind boxes 2 of the drying section 21, the combustion section 22 and the burnout section 23; and a grate 61 for conveying the object 400 in the conveying direction Da, wherein the control unit 350 controls at least one of: the interval of travel of the clinker roller 210; the proportion of the air fed into the ember zone 23 among the air fed into the drying zone 21, the combustion zone 22 and the ember zone 23; the operating speed of the grate 61; and the amount of air put into the air inlet box 2.

Thus, the combustion facility 100 can control the amount of air supplied to the clinker roller 210 or the charging inlet box 2, the distribution of the air, and the operating speed of the grate 61, thereby making the proportion of the unburned amount of the material 400 to be incinerated by the combustion facility 100 fall within a fixed range. Therefore, the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400, and can realize stable combustion.

(4) Further, the combustion facility 100 includes: a feeder 31 for feeding the material to be incinerated 400 to the drying section 21; and a length measuring unit 320 for measuring a burnout length, which is a length from a point where the feeder 31 contacts the drying section 21 to a burnout point Z of the object 400, and the calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of the unburnt amount based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting a measured temperature value from a reference temperature value and a value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 after burning out by measuring the burn-out length, and the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned in the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

(5) Further, the combustion facility 100 includes: the height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface of the object 400 near the first half of the ember zone 23, and the calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of the unburned amount based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from the value of the reference temperature, the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length, and the value obtained by subtracting the height from the reference height.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content of the burned material 400 after burning by measuring the height of the surface of the burned material 400, and the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the burned material 400 burned by the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

(6) The combustion facility 100 according to the third embodiment includes: the combustion facility 100 includes a furnace main body 10 which has a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and an ember section 23 arranged in a conveying direction Da, and partitions a processing space V into which an object 400 to be incinerated is conveyed in the conveying direction Da to be dried, combusted, and ember are burned, and includes: a temperature measuring unit 310 that measures the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 at the end portion on the side of the flame conveyance direction Da, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point Z; and a control unit 350 for controlling the combustion apparatus 100 so that the temperature value falls within a predetermined range.

Thereby, the combustion facility 100 uses the measured temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 to control the combustion facility 100. Therefore, the user of the combustion apparatus 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated 400, and can realize stable combustion.

(7) In the calculation method according to the present disclosure, the combustion apparatus 100 includes: a furnace body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22 and an ember section 23 arranged in the conveying direction Da and dividing a processing space V into which drying, combustion and ember are performed by conveying the material to be incinerated 400 in the conveying direction Da,

the operation method comprises the following steps: measuring the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 at the end portion on the side of the flame conveyance direction Da, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point Z; and calculating the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material 400 after burning based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the preset reference temperature value.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned after burning, and the user of the calculation method can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned by the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

(8) A program according to the present disclosure, a combustion apparatus includes: a furnace main body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and an ember section 23 arranged in a conveying direction Da, and conveying an object 400 to be incinerated in the conveying direction Da to divide a processing space V into which drying, combustion, and ember are respectively performed, the program causing a computer of a combustion apparatus 100 to execute: measuring the temperature of the material to be incinerated 400 at the end portion on the side of the flame conveyance direction Da, that is, in the vicinity of the burnout point Z; and calculating the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material 400 after burning based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the preset reference temperature value.

Thus, the combustion apparatus 100 can calculate the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned after burning, and the user of the program can grasp the proportion of the unburned content of the material 400 burned by the combustion apparatus 100 in real time.

Industrial availability-

The combustion device calculates the proportion of the unburned amount of the burned material after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured value of the temperature of the burned material from the value of the reference temperature. Thus, the user of the combustion apparatus can grasp the proportion of the unburned amount of the material to be incinerated by the combustion apparatus in real time.

-description of symbols-

1 grate furnace

2 air box

3 hopper

4 gas circulation part

6 fire grate

7 furnace

8 exhaust heat recovery boiler

9 temperature reducing tower

10 furnace body

11 dust collecting device

12 chimney

13 discharge chute

21 drying section

22 combustion section

23 burn-out section

31 feeder

61 grate

61A fixed grate

61B movable grate

100 combustion apparatus

210 clinker roller

220 camera

300 control device

305 acquisition unit

310 temperature measuring part

320 length measuring part

330 height measuring part

340 arithmetic unit

350 control part

400 object to be incinerated

1100 computer

1110 processor

1120 Main memory

1130 Container

1140 interface

L1 Primary air line

L2 Secondary air line

B1 blower

F flame

Z burnout point.

Claims (8)

1. A combustion apparatus is provided with: a furnace main body having a drying section, a combustion section, and an ember section arranged in a conveying direction, and dividing a processing space in which an object to be incinerated is dried, combusted, and ember are respectively processed by conveying the object in the conveying direction,

the combustion apparatus is provided with:

a temperature measuring unit that measures a temperature of the material to be incinerated at an end portion of the flame caused by combustion on the conveyance direction segment side, that is, in the vicinity of a burn-out point; and

and a calculation unit that calculates a ratio of an unburned amount of the material to be incinerated after the burnout based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured value of the temperature from a preset reference temperature value.

2. The combustion apparatus of claim 1,

the combustion facility is provided with: and a control unit that controls the combustion device so that the ratio of the unburned amount falls within a predetermined range.

3. The combustion apparatus of claim 2,

the furnace main body has: a clinker roller for moving the incinerated object from the burning section; respectively feeding air into the drying section, the combustion section and the air boxes of the burnout section; and a grate for conveying the material to be incinerated in the conveying direction,

the control unit controls at least one of: the movement interval of the cooked material roller; the proportion of the air fed into the ember section among the air fed into the drying section, the combustion section and the ember section; the operating speed of the grate; and the amount of air put into the windbox.

4. A combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the combustion apparatus is provided with:

a feeder that supplies the material to be incinerated to the drying section; and

a length measuring part for measuring a burnout length which is a length from a boundary between the feeder and the drying section to the burnout point,

the calculation unit calculates the proportion of the unburned amount based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the reference temperature value and a value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from a reference burnout length.

5. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claim 4,

the combustion apparatus is provided with: a height measuring section for measuring a height of a surface of the material to be incinerated in the vicinity of the burnout point,

the calculation unit calculates the proportion of the unburned amount based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the reference temperature value, a value obtained by subtracting the burn-out length from a reference burn-out length, and a value obtained by subtracting the height from a reference height.

6. A combustion apparatus is provided with: a furnace main body having a drying section, a combustion section, and an ember section arranged in a conveying direction, and dividing a processing space in which an object to be incinerated is dried, combusted, and ember are respectively processed by conveying the object in the conveying direction,

the combustion apparatus is provided with:

a temperature measuring unit that measures a temperature of the material to be incinerated at an end portion of the flame caused by combustion on the conveyance direction segment side, that is, in the vicinity of a burn-out point; and

and a control unit that controls the combustion equipment so that the measured temperature value falls within a predetermined range.

7. A method for calculating the time-domain of a video signal,

the combustion apparatus is provided with: a furnace main body having a drying section, a combustion section, and an ember section arranged in a conveying direction, and dividing a processing space in which an object to be incinerated is dried, combusted, and ember are respectively processed by conveying the object in the conveying direction,

the operation method comprises the following steps:

measuring a temperature of the material to be incinerated at an end portion of the flame caused by the combustion on the conveying direction stage side, that is, in the vicinity of a burnout point; and

and calculating a ratio of an unburned amount of the burned material after the embers based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured value of the temperature from a preset reference temperature value.

8. In a program for executing a program,

the combustion facility is provided with: a furnace main body which has a drying section, a combustion section and an ember section arranged in a conveying direction and divides a processing space in which an object to be incinerated is dried, combusted and ember is burned by conveying the object in the conveying direction,

the program causes a computer of a combustion apparatus to execute the steps of:

measuring a temperature of the material to be incinerated at an end portion of the combustion-induced flame on the conveyance direction stage side, that is, in the vicinity of a burnout point; and

and calculating a ratio of an unburned amount of the burned material after the embers based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured value of the temperature from a preset reference temperature value.

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