CN114732093A - Compound immunopotentiator for freshwater crustacean and application method thereof - Google Patents
Compound immunopotentiator for freshwater crustacean and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- MSFSPUZXLOGKHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Muraminsaeure Natural products OC(=O)C(C)OC1C(N)C(O)OC(CO)C1O MSFSPUZXLOGKHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The invention provides a compound immunopotentiator for fresh water crustacean and an application method thereof, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of liquorice, 20-25 parts of coptis chinensis, 15-20 parts of honeysuckle, 15-20 parts of medlar, 14-23 parts of allicin, 0.1-0.5 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1-0.5 part of chitosan, 2-5 parts of vitamin C and 1-3 parts of vitamin E. The immunopotentiator is uniformly added into aquatic animal feed by 1 percent by weight, can obviously improve the nonspecific immunity of aquatic animals, obviously improve the total blood cell number and phagocytosis percentage of freshwater crustaceans, the activities of lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, and obviously reduce the death rate of the freshwater crustaceans. The composite immunopotentiator of the invention can play a better role in immunoregulation than a single component, and has an obvious growth promoting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed production and processing, and mainly relates to a compound immunopotentiator for freshwater crustaceans and an application method thereof.
Background
Freshwater crustaceans such as river crabs and crayfish are always popular and famous food which are deeply loved by the national people, and account for a great proportion in the freshwater aquaculture industry. In recent years, with the increasing of the consumer market, the breeding intensity and the breeding area of river crabs and crayfish are increased, the environment of the breeding water area is worsened, and various bacteria, viruses, parasites and the like cause disease outbreaks of the river crabs and the crayfish, thereby seriously affecting the growth and survival of freshwater crustaceans.
Antibiotics or chemical drugs are commonly used for traditional disease control of aquatic animals, so that pathogenic bacteria and cultured animals are easy to generate drug resistance, and the drug effect is reduced. In addition, the residue of the drug in the aquatic products also seriously affects the food safety and health of human beings.
Immunopotentiators have made extensive progress in the research and application of aquatic animals, but there are still many problems to be solved. For example, the resistance of organisms to diseases varies greatly in different growth stages and different culture environments, the dosage of the immunopotentiator also varies obviously, and one immunopotentiator may only have a good preventive effect on one or more types of pathogenic microorganisms.
In addition, freshwater crustaceans also have no specific immunopotentiator. Therefore, there is a need to develop a green and safe composite immunopotentiator for enhancing disease resistance and growth rate of fresh water crustaceans.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a composite immunopotentiator for freshwater crustacean, which can obviously improve the immunity of the freshwater crustacean, thereby improving the disease resistance and stress resistance of aquatic animals to the external environment, effectively preventing diseases and improving the survival rate.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is that the composite immunopotentiator for the freshwater crustacean comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of liquorice, 20-25 parts of coptis chinensis, 15-20 parts of honeysuckle, 15-20 parts of medlar, 14-23 parts of allicin, 0.1-0.5 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1-0.5 part of chitosan, 2-5 parts of vitamin C and 1-3 parts of vitamin E.
In some embodiments, the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of liquorice, 25 parts of coptis chinensis, 15 parts of honeysuckle, 20 parts of medlar, 15 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.5 part of chitosan, 3 parts of vitamin C and 1.4 parts of vitamin E.
In some embodiments, the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 23 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of coptis chinensis, 17 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 17 parts of allicin, 5 parts of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 5 parts of vitamin C and 2.4 parts of vitamin E.
In some embodiments, the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of coptis chinensis, 20 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 14 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 4.8 parts of vitamin C and 1 parts of vitamin E.
In some embodiments, the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of liquorice, 24 parts of coptis chinensis, 15 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 22.8 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 2 parts of vitamin C and 1 parts of vitamin E.
In some embodiments, the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 21 parts of liquorice, 23 parts of coptis chinensis, 16 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 21 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 2 parts of vitamin C and 1.8 parts of vitamin E.
On the other hand, the invention provides a preparation method of the compound immunopotentiator, which comprises the steps of crushing raw material components, sieving and uniformly mixing.
In some embodiments, the compound immunopotentiator is prepared by pulverizing with a micronizer, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve.
On the other hand, the invention provides an application method of the compound immunopotentiator, which comprises the step of adding the compound immunopotentiator into fresh water crustacean ration according to 1% of feed for feeding.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can obviously improve the nonspecific immunity of aquatic animals, obviously improve the total number of blood cells, the phagocytosis percentage, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity of the fresh water crustacean, and obviously reduce the death rate of the fresh water crustacean. The composite immunopotentiator of the invention can play a better role in immunoregulation than a single component, and has an obvious growth promoting effect.
2. The product can be degraded under natural conditions, has no toxic or side effect, is not easy to generate drug resistance, and has no residue in aquatic animals.
3. The product has wide raw material source, low price and convenient use.
4. The composite immunopotentiator for the fresh water crustacean can adjust the immunity of the fresh water crustacean, improve the antibacterial and antiviral infection capacity of the fresh water crustacean, promote the growth of the fresh water crustacean, solve the problem of antibiotic residue, and has remarkable economic and social benefits.
Description of the related Art
Freshwater crustaceans include, but are not limited to, crabs and shrimps.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The composite immunopotentiator for the freshwater crustacean comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20g of liquorice, 25g of coptis chinensis, 15g of honeysuckle, 20g of medlar, 15g of allicin, 0.1g of peptidoglycan, 0.5g of chitosan, 3g of vitamin C and 1.4g of vitamin E.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the raw material components of the composite immunopotentiator are crushed by a superfine crusher, pass through a 100-mesh screen and are uniformly mixed to obtain the composite immunopotentiator.
Example 2
The composite immunopotentiator for the freshwater crustacean comprises the following components in parts by weight: 23g of liquorice, 20g of coptis chinensis, 17g of honeysuckle, 15g of medlar, 17g of allicin, 0.5g of peptidoglycan, 0.1g of chitosan, 5g of vitamin C and 2.4g of vitamin E.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3
The composite immunopotentiator for the freshwater crustacean comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25g of liquorice, 20g of coptis chinensis, 20g of honeysuckle, 15g of medlar, 14g of allicin, 0.1g of peptidoglycan, 0.1g of chitosan, 4.8g of vitamin C and 1g of vitamin E.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 4
The composite immunopotentiator for the freshwater crustacean comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20g of liquorice, 24g of coptis chinensis, 15g of honeysuckle, 15g of medlar, 22.8g of allicin, 0.1g of peptidoglycan, 0.1g of chitosan, 2g of vitamin C and 1g of vitamin E.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 5
The composite immunopotentiator for the freshwater crustacean comprises the following components in parts by weight: 21g of liquorice, 23g of coptis chinensis, 16g of honeysuckle, 15g of medlar, 21g of allicin, 0.1g of peptidoglycan, 0.1g of chitosan, 2g of vitamin C and 1.8g of vitamin E.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Test example 1
The experiment was carried out at Shuyang county, Pond spring aquaculture professional cooperative. Selecting river crab seedlings with good activity, consistent specification and complete appendages with the average weight of 0.23 +/-0.02 g, randomly distributing the river crab seedlings into 6 breeding boxes with the volume of 50cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 100cm, wherein each group comprises 3 parallel crabs, and each group comprises 40 parallel crabs. In order to avoid killing each other, the cultivation box is respectively provided with a tile and a shelter pipe. The product prepared in example 2 was added to the basal diet of young crabs in an amount of 1% of the basal diet, and the product of the present invention was not added to the diet of the control group. The breeding test is carried out for 50 days, and after the breeding test is finished, 20 healthy river crabs are respectively taken in parallel to carry out the toxicity attacking test by adopting vibrio anguillarum.
Influence of compound immunopotentiator on growth performance of river crab after feeding test for 150 days in table
| Group of | Initial body weight/g | End body weight/g | Weight gain% | Specific growth rate/%) | Coefficient of bait | Survival rate/%) |
| Control group | 0.23 | 1.19 | 417.39 | 3.29 | 2.34 | 85.00 |
| Test group | 0.23 | 1.26* | 447.83* | 3.40* | 2.12* | 92.50** |
Note: iso-columns indicate p < 0.01; denotes p < 0.05. The same goes for
TABLE 2 influence of Compound immunopotentiator on nonspecific activity of serum of river crab
TABLE 3 result of challenge test of Vibrio anguillarum
| Group of | Mortality rate/%) | Immunoprotection Rate/%) |
| Control group | 90.00 | |
| Test group | 55.00** | 38.89 |
As shown in table 1, table 2 and table 3, after the product is added into the daily ration of the river crab, the weight gain rate and the survival rate of the test group are respectively improved by 7.29 percent and 8.82 percent compared with the control group after the feeding test of 50 days, and the bait coefficient (the bait coefficient is the total bait feeding amount/the total crab weight gain) is reduced by 9.40 percent; the non-specific enzyme activity of the river crab is improved, wherein the activities of the total number of blood cells, the phagocytosis percentage, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase are obviously improved; after the feeding test is finished, the death rate of river crabs in a test group is reduced by (90-55)/90 to 38.89 percent compared with a control group after the toxicity attacking test is carried out by adopting vibrio anguillarum, and the immune protection rate of the product on juvenile crabs reaches 38.89 percent.
Test example 2
The test was carried out by Riwow agricultural development group, Inc., Jiangsu. Selecting crayfish with average weight of 5.92 + -0.51 g, good vitality, uniform specification and complete appendage, randomly distributing the crayfish into 6 breeding boxes with volume of 80cm × 60cm × 50cm, wherein each group comprises 3 crayfish in parallel and each group comprises 15 crayfish in parallel. In order to avoid killing each other, the cultivation box is respectively provided with a tile and a shelter pipe. The test group added 1% by weight of the product from example 5 to the basal ration of crawfish, and the control group did not add the product of the present invention to the ration. After the breeding test is finished, 10 healthy crayfishes are respectively taken in parallel and subjected to a toxicity attack test by using vibrio anguillarum.
Influence of compound immunopotentiator on growth performance of river crab after feeding test in Table 445 days
| Group of | Initial body weight/g | Weight at end/g | Rate of weight gain/%) | Specific growth rate/%) | Coefficient of bait | Survival rate/%) |
| Control group | 5.92 | 28.62 | 383.45 | 2.81 | 2.94 | 86.67 |
| Test group | 5.92 | 31.22* | 427.36* | 2.97* | 2.82 | 95.56* |
Note: iso-columns indicate p < 0.01; denotes p < 0.05. The same goes for the following
TABLE 5 influence of Compound immunopotentiator on the activity of nonspecific immunoenzyme in crayfish serum
TABLE 6 toxicity test results of Vibrio anguillarum
| Group of | Mortality rate/%) | Immunoprotection Rate/%) |
| Control group | 85.00 | |
| Test group | 50.00 | 41.18 |
As shown in tables 4, 5 and 6, after the crayfish daily feed is added with the product and the feeding test is finished for 45 days, the weight gain rate and the survival rate of a test group are respectively improved by 11.45 percent and 10.26 percent compared with a control group, and the bait coefficient is reduced by 5.39 percent; the activity of the nonspecific enzyme of the crayfish is improved, wherein the activities of the total number of blood cells of the crayfish, phenol oxidase, lysozyme, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase can be obviously improved; after the feeding test is finished, the death rate of river crabs in a test group is reduced by 41.18% compared with a control group after a challenge test is carried out by adopting vibrio anguillarum, and the immunoprotection rate of the product on crayfishes reaches 41.18%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and their concepts should be considered to be equivalent or modified within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A composite immunopotentiator for fresh water crustaceans comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of liquorice, 20-25 parts of coptis chinensis, 15-20 parts of honeysuckle, 15-20 parts of medlar, 14-23 parts of allicin, 0.1-0.5 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1-0.5 part of chitosan, 2-5 parts of vitamin C and 1-3 parts of vitamin E.
2. The composite immunopotentiator according to claim 1, wherein: the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of liquorice, 25 parts of coptis chinensis, 15 parts of honeysuckle, 20 parts of medlar, 15 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.5 part of chitosan, 3 parts of vitamin C and 1.4 parts of vitamin E.
3. The composite immunopotentiator according to claim 1, wherein: the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 23 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of coptis chinensis, 17 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 17 parts of allicin, 5 parts of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 5 parts of vitamin C and 2.4 parts of vitamin E.
4. The composite immunopotentiator according to claim 1, which is characterized by: the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of liquorice, 20 parts of coptis chinensis, 20 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 14 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 4.8 parts of vitamin C and 1 part of vitamin E.
5. The composite immunopotentiator according to claim 1, wherein: the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of liquorice, 24 parts of coptis chinensis, 15 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 22.8 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 2 parts of vitamin C and 1 part of vitamin E.
6. The composite immunopotentiator according to claim 1, which is characterized by: the composite immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 21 parts of liquorice, 23 parts of coptis chinensis, 16 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of medlar, 21 parts of allicin, 0.1 part of peptidoglycan, 0.1 part of chitosan, 2 parts of vitamin C and 1.8 parts of vitamin E.
7. A process for preparing the composite immunopotentiator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises pulverizing the raw material components, sieving, and mixing well.
8. The method for preparing a composite immunopotentiator according to claim 7, wherein: pulverizing with a superfine pulverizer, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve.
9. The method for using the composite immunopotentiator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises adding said composite immunopotentiator to fresh water crustacean ration at 1% of the feed for feeding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210449404.3A CN114732093A (en) | 2022-04-24 | 2022-04-24 | Compound immunopotentiator for freshwater crustacean and application method thereof |
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| JPH10229831A (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1998-09-02 | Nippon Nousan Kogyo Kk | Method for immune activation of crustacean, and feed additive |
| CN1631206A (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2005-06-29 | 华东师范大学 | River crab used immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof |
| CN104642720A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江海洋学院 | Formula of portunus trituberculatus feed suitable for factory breeding |
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| CN111642655A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-11 | 江苏海洋大学 | Method for developing compound Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for procambarus clarkia |
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