CN114731784A - Self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine and residual film recycling method - Google Patents

Self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine and residual film recycling method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114731784A
CN114731784A CN202210391248.XA CN202210391248A CN114731784A CN 114731784 A CN114731784 A CN 114731784A CN 202210391248 A CN202210391248 A CN 202210391248A CN 114731784 A CN114731784 A CN 114731784A
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film
roller
residual
picking
reverse
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CN114731784B (en
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史增录
刘小鹏
张学军
郭磊
姚洁婷
王美静
康梦晨
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Xinjiang Agricultural University
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Xinjiang Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B43/00Gatherers for removing stones, undesirable roots or the like from the soil, e.g. tractor-drawn rakes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a self-rotating film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine and a residual film recycling method. The residual film recycling machine shovels soil along with the advancing of the traction equipment, and throws residual film, soil and stubble mixture to the rear side of the film shoveling. The power part of the traction equipment transmits power to the roller shaft through the transmission case, the transmission shaft and the transmission belt in sequence, and the residual film recovery roller is driven to rotate. The power output by the hydraulic motor is transmitted to the forward rotation transmission assembly to drive the film picking roller assembly passing through the forward rotation area to rotate forward so as to wind the picked residual films; the drum shaft drives the rotating torque to rotate reversely through the transmission reverse transmission assembly, the film picking roller assembly is driven to rotate reversely through the reverse region, the residual films wound on the film picking roller assembly are released, and finally the residual films are collected in the film collecting box under the action of the film unloading brush. This plastic film residue collector has reduced the degree of difficulty that the plastic film residue picked up, separated in the layer of ploughing entirely, has improved the recovery efficiency of plastic film residue and the clean rate of picking up of plastic film residue.

Description

Self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine and residual film recycling method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a self-rotating film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine and a residual film recycling method.
Background
The mulching film has the functions of improving the surface temperature and humidity, inhibiting the growth of weeds, promoting the development of plant roots and improving the drought resistance of crops, greatly improves the yield of the crops and has important significance on agricultural production. However. With the application of the plastic film mulching technology, because of the absence of perfect matching recovery mechanical equipment, a large amount of residual films cannot be recovered and disposed, and the residual films are usually turned to the lower side of the soil. The quantity of residual films in the soil is accumulated year by year, and the soil quality of the soil and the growth environment of crops are seriously influenced. After crops are sown, if seeds fall on residual films of soil, root systems of the crops are difficult to grow downwards after germination, the root systems grow shallowly, the root bottoms are unstable in the middle and later growth periods, seedlings are prone to lodging, and crop yield is reduced. Even more, the residual film affects the normal operation of some mechanized agricultural implements, such as: the seeding machinery causes the blockage of seeding holes because of excessive residual films in soil, seeding is uneven, the quality is low, and manual replanting is needed after seedling emergence in the later period.
At present, the residual film recovery technology mainly aims at recovering the surface film and the residual film within 10cm of ploughing depth, and a recovery method for the residual film accumulated in soil in the past year is lacked. On one hand, the residual film is seriously differentiated and has poor mechanical property all the year round, and the residual film is seriously crushed after the soil preparation operation, so that the mechanical recovery difficulty is high; on the other hand, the residual film is mixed, hardened and wound with soil, stubbles and the like in the deep buried ploughing layer, so that the difficulty of recovery is further increased. Therefore, the problem of residual mulch recycling is not well solved, and the research and development of a technical method and a mechanism for effectively recycling the plough layer residual mulch still remain the core for realizing the pollution control of the full plough layer residual mulch.
Through retrieval, the residual film recycling technology has long-term development, and due to different thicknesses and strengths of mulching films used at home and abroad, great differences exist in the research aspect of residual film recycling machinery. The foreign mulching film used has the thickness of more than 0.020mm, has higher tensile strength and breakage resistance, and is beneficial to film-soil separation and mechanical recovery, so that the foreign residual film recovery machine has a simpler structure; the thickness of the domestic mulching film is 0.008mm, the mulching film is small in thickness and poor in quality, and the mulching film is easy to break and form small fragments during recycling, so that foreign residual film recycling machines are not suitable for solving the problem of residual film pollution in China.
The existing agricultural residual film recycling equipment in China is numerous in number, different in type, relatively single in function, poor in agricultural machine quality, general in use performance, relatively low in overall recycling rate and large in effect difference. The method is divided according to the agricultural requirements and the time of film collection, and can be roughly divided into pre-sowing and post-ploughing recovery, seedling-stage residual film recovery, and post-autumn recovery machines. According to the pick-up principle, the existing residual film pick-up machine mainly comprises a spring tooth type, a telescopic rod tooth type, a rake type, a shovel type stubble pick-up type, a toothed chain type, a spike tooth type, a clamping type, a film pick-up roller type, a comb tooth type, a chain sieve type, a chain rake type and the like.
Wherein, the main recovery mechanisms such as cone-shaped roll-type and chain type that are used for incomplete membrane of seedling stage to retrieve, though, its simple structure, compactness, it is unsatisfactory to the recovery effect of garrulous membrane to pick up membrane mechanism among the actual field test process, pick up the membrane tooth and can't snatch garrulous membrane or garrulous membrane phenomenon that drops takes place occasionally in transportation process, the incomplete membrane piece that is little still has more residue in ploughing when ending incomplete membrane recovery operation, and recovery effect is unsatisfactory. Meanwhile, sundries are easily brought into the membrane picking mechanism, and difficulty is brought to membrane impurity separation.
The mechanism for recovering the residual mulch after autumn mainly comprises a spring tooth type mechanism, a telescopic rod tooth type mechanism, a shovel type stubble lifting mechanism, a rake type mechanism and the like, the design and manufacture requirements of a curve track of the working position of the spring tooth type mechanism are high, and the residual mulch cannot be effectively separated from weeds by adopting the mode; the telescopic rod type ground film residual film picking device has good effect of picking up thick ground films, but has low picking rate for thin ground films and high failure rate of machines; the shovel type stubble lifting shovels the residual films together while lifting the stubble, and the soil and stubble separation is carried out through the squirrel-cage type rotary drum, so that certain requirements on soil properties are met, and the consumed power is high.
The chain screen type mechanism is used for ploughing and then recovering before sowing and after ploughing, and mainly comprises mechanisms such as a chain screen type mechanism, a spike-tooth type mechanism, a comb-tooth type mechanism and a rake type mechanism, when the chain screen type mechanism works, an inner film and soil on a plough layer are shoveled and conveyed to a chain screen for soil film separation, the traction resistance of the machine is large, and the picked small residual films are easy to fall along with soil blocks; the spike-tooth type mechanism adopts a mode that a film pinning pin is arranged on a roller to take the residual film, the residual film in a deep ploughing layer of a farmland can be recovered, spike teeth are easy to deform, the film is difficult to unload, and the clean picking rate is low; when the comb-tooth type mechanism is used for picking up, the comb-tooth cutter is pricked into soil to prick up residual plough layer films, the resistance of the comb teeth to the soil is large, the maximum operation depth is 100mm, and the comb-tooth type mechanism is loaded in operation and is not suitable for hardened soil; the chain harrow type mechanism adopts a chain to be provided with film picking teeth, the rotation of the chain drives the film picking teeth to dig in and pick up films, the picking depth is 100mm at most, and the digging roller cutter digs and crushes soil, so that the working efficiency of the whole machine is lower.
In summary, how to design a device for recovering the residual film in the process of recovering the residual film is to facilitate the complete separation of the residual film from the soil, reduce the difficulty of picking up and separating the residual film in the cultivation layer, and improve the recovery efficiency of the residual film and the picking-up rate of the residual film, which is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a residual film recovery device in the residual film recovery process, which is convenient for thoroughly separating residual films from soil, reduces the difficulty of picking and separating the residual films in a full plough layer, and improves the recovery efficiency of the residual films and the picking rate of the residual films.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme: the self-rotating film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine comprises a rack, a transmission case, a residual film recycling roller, a film unloading brush, a transmission part and a hydraulic motor for providing power for the film unloading brush;
the front end of the rack is provided with a connecting frame connected with traction equipment, the rear end of the rack is provided with a film collecting box for collecting and recovering residual films, a rotary space for placing a residual film recovery cylinder is arranged between the connecting frame and the film collecting box, the bottom of the transmission box is connected with the front end of the rack, the input end of the transmission box is connected with a power part of the traction equipment, the output end of the transmission box is connected with a transmission shaft, the bottom of the rack is connected with a shovel frame, the shovel frame is positioned at the front end of the residual film recovery roller, and a film lifting shovel for turning up a soil layer is connected between the pair of shovel frames;
the film unloading brush is positioned between the residual film recovery roller and the film collecting box, the end part of the film unloading brush is connected with the rack through a bearing seat, the power end of the film unloading brush is connected with the hydraulic motor, and the driven end of the film unloading brush is provided with a first chain wheel;
the residual film recovery roller comprises a film picking roller assembly, a first end plate, a second end plate and a roller shaft, wherein the first end plate is connected with the driven end of the roller shaft, the second end plate is connected with the driving end of the roller shaft, the end part of the film picking roller assembly is respectively connected with the first end plate and the second end plate through a first bearing seat, the driving end of the roller shaft is connected with a transmission shaft through a transmission belt, the film picking roller assembly is circumferentially arranged along the axis of the roller shaft, the driving end of the film picking roller assembly is provided with a film picking roller chain wheel, and the film picking roller chain wheel is positioned on one side of the driven end of the roller shaft;
the film picking mechanism is characterized in that the transmission part comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected with the driven end of the drum shaft, a forward rotation area and a reverse rotation area are arranged on the mounting plate, the forward rotation area is located on one side, close to the connecting frame, of the mounting plate, the reverse rotation area is located on one side, close to the film unloading brush, of the mounting plate, a forward rotation transmission assembly for driving the film picking roller assembly to rotate forward is arranged in the forward rotation area, the input end of the forward rotation transmission assembly is connected with the first chain wheel through a forward rotation transmission chain, the output end of the forward rotation transmission assembly is connected with the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the forward rotation area, a reverse rotation transmission assembly for driving the film picking roller assembly to rotate reversely is arranged in the reverse rotation area, the input end of the reverse rotation transmission assembly is connected with the driven end of the drum shaft, and the output end of the reverse rotation transmission assembly is connected with the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the reverse rotation area.
The traction equipment pulls the rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine to enter a working area, the film removing shovel shovels soil along with the advancing of the traction equipment, and the residual film, the soil and the stubble mixture are thrown to the rear side of the film removing shovel. The power part of the traction equipment transmits power to the roller shaft through the transmission case, the transmission shaft and the transmission belt in sequence, and the residual film recovery roller is driven to rotate. The film picking roller assembly positioned at the lower part of the residual film recovery roller is embedded into the residual film, soil and stubble mixture and picks up the residual film. The hydraulic motor drives the film unloading brush to rotate, the film unloading brush is used for cleaning the residual films on the film picking roller assembly, and the residual films are collected in the film collecting box. The power output by the hydraulic motor drives the film picking roller assembly passing through the forward rotation area to rotate forward through the forward rotation transmission assembly, and the picked residual films are wound. The drum shaft transmits the rotating torque to the film picking roller assembly passing through the reverse area through the reverse transmission assembly to reversely rotate, the residual films wound on the film picking roller assembly are released, and the released residual films are finally collected in the film collecting box under the action of the film unloading brush.
Preferably, the positive rotation transmission assembly comprises a positive rotation driving sprocket, a second sprocket, a positive rotation driven sprocket and a positive rotation double-row chain, the positive rotation driving sprocket is connected with the second sprocket through a rotating shaft, the second sprocket is connected with the first sprocket through a positive rotation transmission chain, the positive rotation driving sprocket is connected with the positive rotation driven sprocket through the positive rotation double-row chain, and the positive rotation double-row chain is meshed with the film picking roller sprocket passing through the positive rotation area. So set up, utilize chain drive between the corotation drive assembly, promoted power transmission's flexibility, reduced through the regional film picking roller sprocket of corotation and the corotation drive assembly between begin the meshing and withdraw from the impact force of meshing in-process, further improved the stability of complete machine work.
Preferably, the reverse transmission assembly comprises a reverse driving chain wheel, a reverse double-row chain wheel, a reverse chain wheel and a reverse double-row chain, the reverse driving chain wheel is connected with the driven end of the drum shaft, the reverse driving chain wheel is connected with the reverse double-row chain wheel through a transmission chain, the reverse double-row chain wheel is connected with the reverse chain wheel through the reverse double-row chain, and the reverse double-row chain is meshed with the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the reverse area. So set up, utilize chain drive between the reversal drive assembly, promoted power transmission's flexibility, reduced through the regional pick up the impact force that begins the meshing and withdraw from the meshing in-process between membrane roller sprocket and the reversal drive assembly of reversal, further improved complete machine job stabilization nature.
Preferably, the film picking roller assembly comprises a roller shaft and film picking teeth, the end part of the roller shaft is respectively connected with the first end plate and the second end plate through the first bearing seat, the film picking teeth are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the roller shaft to form film picking units, and the film picking units are arranged circumferentially along the axial line of the roller shaft. So set up, pick up the mechanism compactness and inseparable of membrane tooth, and then increased and picked up regional area, further improved the recovery efficiency of plastic film residue and the clean rate of picking up of plastic film residue.
Preferably, the forward rotation area of the mounting plate is provided with a round roller, one end of the round roller is connected with the mounting plate, and the side wall of the round roller is in contact with the forward rotation double-row chain and tensions the forward rotation double-row chain. According to the arrangement, the round rollers are used for ensuring that the positive rotation double-row chain is fully meshed with the positive rotation driving chain wheel and the positive rotation driven chain wheel respectively, the hysteresis quality of the positive rotation double-row chain transmission is avoided, the positive rotation double-row chain is facilitated to drive the film picking roller assembly to rotate positively through the positive rotation area, the picked residual films are wound better, and the picking rate of the residual films is further improved.
Preferably, the reverse rotation area of the mounting plate is provided with a round roller, one end of the round roller is connected with the mounting plate, and the side wall of the round roller is in contact with the reverse rotation double-row chain and tensions the reverse rotation double-row chain. So set up, the circle roller is used for guaranteeing that the double-row chain of reversal fully meshes with the double-row chain wheel of reversal and reversal sprocket respectively, has avoided the hysteresis quality of the double-row chain drive of reversal, is favorable to the double-row chain of reversal to drive through the regional receipts membrane roller subassembly reversal of reversal, and then releases the incomplete membrane of winding on receipts membrane roller subassembly better, is convenient for unload the membrane brush and concentrate the collection membrane case with the incomplete membrane.
Preferably, the back side of the film removing shovel is connected with grid bars, and the grid bars are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the film removing shovel. So set up, the grid extends towards the rear side of film removing shovel, is favorable to carrying out preliminary screening to incomplete membrane, soil and the root stubble mixture that film removing shovel shoveled, and then has reduced the resistance of picking up the incomplete membrane in-process of film picking roller subassembly.
Preferably, the film collecting box is connected with the frame through a connecting hook, and the film collecting box is of a box structure constructed by a screen.
Preferably, the side wall of the membrane-removing brush is provided with strip-shaped bristles, and the bristles have elasticity. So set up, have elastic brush hair and pick up the membrane roller assembly and form flexonics, be favorable to the increase to unload the area of contact between membrane brush and the pick up membrane roller assembly, and then further improved the clean rate of picking up of incomplete membrane.
The invention also provides a residual film recycling method using the self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage layer residual film recycling machine, which comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting traction equipment with a connecting frame at the front end of a rack, connecting a power part of the traction equipment with an input end of a transmission case, drawing a self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine into a working area by the traction equipment, shoveling soil by a film lifting shovel along with the advancing of the traction equipment, and throwing a residual film, soil and root stubble mixture to the rear side of the film lifting shovel;
step two, a power part of the traction equipment transmits power to a roller shaft through a transmission box and a transmission shaft and a transmission belt in sequence to drive a residual film recovery roller to rotate, and a film picking roller assembly positioned at the lower part of the residual film recovery roller is embedded into a residual film, soil and stubble mixture and picks up the residual film;
driving a film unloading brush to rotate by a hydraulic motor, wherein the film unloading brush is used for cleaning residual films on a film picking roller assembly and collecting the residual films into a film collecting box, and the power output by the hydraulic motor is transmitted to a forward rotation transmission assembly through a forward rotation transmission chain through a first chain wheel at the driven end of the film unloading brush;
step four, the roller shaft drives the residual film recovery roller to rotate, simultaneously, the rotating torque is transmitted to the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the reverse region through the reverse transmission assembly, then the film picking roller assembly passing through the reverse region is driven to rotate reversely, residual films wound on the film picking roller assembly are released, and the released residual films are finally collected into the film collecting box under the effect of the film unloading brush.
Compared with the prior art, the self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage layer residual film recycling machine and the residual film recycling method provided by the invention have the following prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress:
1. the autorotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine has the advantages that the film lifting shovel shovels soil along with the advancing of the traction equipment, residual films, the soil and a stubble mixture are thrown to the rear side of the film lifting shovel, power is transmitted to the roller shaft through the transmission box and the transmission shaft and the transmission belt in sequence by the power part of the traction equipment to drive the residual film recycling roller to rotate, the film picking roller assembly positioned at the lower part of the residual film recycling roller is embedded into the residual films, the soil and the stubble mixture and picks up the residual films, the residual films are thoroughly separated from the soil, the difficulty in picking up and separating the residual films in an all-tillage layer is reduced, and the recycling efficiency and the picking rate of the residual films are improved;
2. in the self-rotating film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine, a hydraulic motor drives a film unloading brush to rotate, the film unloading brush is used for cleaning residual films on a film picking roller assembly and collecting the residual films into a film collecting box, power output by the hydraulic motor drives the film picking roller assembly passing through a forward rotation area to rotate forward through a forward rotation transmission assembly to wind the picked residual films, the easy winding characteristic of the residual films is fully combined, the clean rate of the residual films is further improved, in the picking process, a mixture of the residual films, soil and stubbles not only receives acting force formed by the self rotation of the film picking roller assembly, but also receives the friction resistance of the residual films, the soil and the stubbles formed by the forward movement of the film picking roller assembly along with the rotation of a roller shaft, and the effective separation of the residual films and the soil can be realized under the combined action of the residual films and the soil, so that the film and soil separation rate is improved;
3. this film roller formula plastic film residue collector is picked up in rotation cylinder axle transmits the running torque to picking up the reversal of film roller subassembly through reversal transmission assembly through reversal region, releases the incomplete membrane of winding on picking up the film roller subassembly, and the incomplete membrane that is released is finally collected the collection membrane case under the effect of unloading the membrane brush, has reduced the degree of difficulty of incomplete membrane and picking up separation between the film roller subassembly, further improves the recovery efficiency of incomplete membrane.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary film picking roller type mulch film collector for a whole cultivation layer in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the rotary film-picking roller type mulch film collector in FIG. 1 at another viewing angle;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the residual film recycling drum;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a film pick-up roller assembly;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 4;
fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the transmission member.
Reference numerals: the film collecting device comprises a frame 1, a connecting frame 2, a transmission case 3, a transmission shaft 4, a transmission belt 5, a residual film recovery roller 6, a film unloading brush 7, a transmission part 8, a film collecting case 9, a film lifting shovel 10, a shovel frame 11, a grid 12, a first chain wheel 13, a second chain wheel 14, a forward rotation transmission chain 15, a hydraulic motor 16, a film picking roller assembly 61, a film picking roller chain wheel 62, a first bearing seat 63, a first end plate 64, a second end plate 65, a roller shaft 66, a mounting plate 81, a reverse rotation driving chain wheel 82, a reverse rotation double-row chain wheel 83, a reverse rotation chain wheel 84, a forward rotation driving chain wheel 85, a forward rotation driven chain wheel 86, a reverse rotation double-row chain 87, a forward rotation double-row chain 88, a round roller 89, a roller shaft 611 and film picking teeth 612.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
The self-rotating film picking-up type full-tillage layer residual film recycling machine shown in fig. 1-9 is used for reducing the difficulty of picking up and separating residual films in a full-tillage layer and improving the recycling efficiency of the residual films and the cleaning rate of the residual films in the residual film recycling process. The autorotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine shovels soil along with the advancing of the traction equipment, and throws residual films, the soil and the stubble mixture to the rear side of the film shoveling. The power part of the traction equipment transmits power to the roller shaft through the transmission box, the transmission shaft and the transmission belt in sequence, and the residual film recovery roller is driven to rotate. The film picking roller assembly located on the lower portion of the residual film recycling roller is embedded into residual films, soil and stubble mixtures, the residual films are picked up and are thoroughly separated from the soil, the difficulty in picking and separating the residual films in a full plough layer is reduced, and the recycling efficiency of the residual films and the clean picking rate of the residual films are improved.
Self-rotating film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine
As shown in figure 1 and figure 2, the self-rotating film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine comprises a frame 1, a transmission case 3, a residual film recycling roller 6, a film unloading brush 7, a transmission part 8 and a hydraulic motor 16 for providing power for the film unloading brush 7. The front end of the frame 1 is provided with a connecting frame 2 connected with traction equipment. The rear end of the frame 1 is provided with a film collecting box 9 for collecting and recovering the residual film. A rotary space for placing the residual film recycling cylinder is arranged between the connecting frame 2 and the film collecting box 9. The bottom of the transmission case 3 is connected with the front end of the frame 1. The input of the transmission case 3 is connected to the power unit of the traction device. The output end of the transmission case 3 is connected with a transmission shaft 4. The bottom of the frame 1 is connected with a shovel frame 11. The shovel frame 11 is positioned at the front end of the residual film recovery roller 6. A film-lifting shovel 10 for turning up the soil layer is connected between the pair of shovel frames 11.
As shown in fig. 3, the film discharging brush 7 is located between the residual film recovering roller 6 and the film collecting tank 9. The end parts of the film unloading brushes 7 are connected with the frame 1 through bearing seats. As shown in FIG. 4, the power end of the film discharging brush 7 is connected with a hydraulic motor 16. The driven end of the film discharging brush 7 is provided with a first chain wheel 13.
As shown in fig. 5, the residual film recovery drum 6 includes a film pickup roller assembly 61, a first end plate 64, a second end plate 65, and a drum shaft 66. The first end plate 64 is connected to the driven end of the drum shaft 66. The second end plate 65 is connected to the driving end of the drum shaft 66. The ends of the film pick roller assembly 61 are connected to a first end plate 64 and a second end plate 65, respectively, by a first bearing block 63. The driving end of the roller shaft 66 is connected with the transmission shaft 4 through a transmission belt 5. The film pick-up roller assemblies 61 are arranged circumferentially along the axis of the drum shaft 66. As shown in FIG. 6, the drive end of the film pick roller assembly 61 is provided with a film pick roller sprocket 62. The film pick-up roller sprocket 62 is located on the side of the driven end of the drum shaft 66.
As shown in fig. 9, the transmission member 8 includes a mounting plate 81. The mounting plate 81 is attached to the driven end of the drum shaft 66. The mounting plate 81 has a normal rotation region and a reverse rotation region thereon. As shown in fig. 8, the normal rotation region is located on the side of the mounting plate 81 close to the attachment frame 2. The inversion region is located on the side of the mounting plate 81 near the film removing brush 7. A forward rotation transmission component for driving the film picking roller component 61 to rotate forward is arranged in the forward rotation area. The input end of the forward rotation transmission assembly is connected with the first chain wheel 13 through a forward rotation transmission chain 15. The output end of the forward rotation transmission assembly is connected with a film picking roller chain wheel 62 passing through the forward rotation area. And a reverse rotation transmission assembly for driving the film picking roller assembly 61 to reversely rotate is arranged in the reverse rotation area. The input end of the counter-rotating drive assembly is connected to the driven end of the drum shaft 66. The output end of the reverse drive assembly is connected to a film pick roller sprocket 62 that passes through the reverse zone.
Wherein, the traction equipment pulls the rotation film picking roller type full-tillage layer residual film recycling machine to enter a working area, the film removing shovel 10 shovels soil along with the advancing of the traction equipment, and the residual film, the soil and the stubble mixture are thrown to the rear side of the film removing shovel 10. As shown in FIG. 8, the power unit of the traction device transmits power to the roller shaft 66 through the transmission case 3, and then the transmission shaft 4 and the transmission belt 5 in turn drive the residual film recovery roller 6 to rotate. The film picking roller assembly 61 positioned at the lower part of the residual film recovery roller 6 is embedded into the residual film, soil and stubble mixture and forms a pick-up for the residual film. The hydraulic motor 16 drives the film unloading brush 7 to rotate, and the film unloading brush 7 is used for cleaning the residual films on the film picking roller assembly 61 and collecting the residual films into the film collecting box 9. The power output by the hydraulic motor 16 drives the film picking roller assembly 61 passing through the forward rotation area to rotate forward through the forward rotation transmission assembly, so as to wind the picked residual film. The rotary shaft 66 transmits the rotating torque to the film picking roller assembly 61 passing through the reverse rotation area through the reverse rotation transmission assembly to reversely rotate, residual films wound on the film picking roller assembly 61 are released, and the released residual films are finally collected into the film collecting box 9 under the action of the film discharging brush 7.
As shown in fig. 1, a grid 12 is connected to the rear side of the film removing shovel 10. The grid bars 12 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the film removing shovel 10. So set up, grid 12 extends towards the rear side of film lifting shovel 10, is favorable to implementing preliminary screening to incomplete membrane, soil and the root stubble mixture that film lifting shovel 10 shoveled, and then has reduced the resistance of picking up membrane roller assembly 61 at the incomplete membrane in-process of picking up.
As shown in fig. 2, the film collecting box 9 is connected to the frame 1 by a connecting hook. The membrane collecting tank 9 is a tank structure constructed by a screen. The side wall of the film unloading brush 7 is provided with strip-shaped brush hairs which have elasticity. So set up, have elastic brush hair and pick up membrane roller assembly 61 and form flexonics, be favorable to the increase to unload the area of contact between membrane brush 7 and the pick up membrane roller assembly 61, and then further improved the clean rate of picking up of incomplete membrane.
Positive rotation transmission assembly
As shown in fig. 9, the forward rotation transmission assembly includes a forward rotation drive sprocket 85, a second sprocket 14, a forward rotation driven sprocket 86, and a forward rotation double-row chain 88. As shown in fig. 3, the forward rotation drive sprocket 85 is connected to the second sprocket 14 through a rotation shaft. The second sprocket 14 is connected to the first sprocket 13 by a forward rotation drive chain 15. The forward rotation drive sprocket 85 is connected to a forward rotation driven sprocket 86 through a forward rotation double-row chain 88. The forward rotation double-row chain 88 meshes with the film pick-up roller sprocket 62 passing through the forward rotation area. So set up, utilize chain drive between the corotation drive assembly, promoted power transmission's flexibility, reduced through the regional film picking roller sprocket 62 of corotation and the corotation drive assembly between begin the meshing and withdraw from the impact force of meshing in-process, further improved the stability of complete machine work.
As shown in fig. 8, the normal rotation area of the mounting plate 81 is provided with a round roller 89. One end of the round roller 89 is connected to the mounting plate 81. The side wall of the round roller 89 contacts the forward double-row chain 88 and tensions the forward double-row chain 88. So set up, the round roller 89 is used for guaranteeing corotation double-row chain 88 fully to mesh with corotation drive sprocket 85 and corotation driven sprocket 86 respectively, has avoided the driven hysteresis quality of corotation double-row chain 88, is favorable to corotation double-row chain 88 to drive the positive rotation of picking up the membrane roller subassembly 61 through the corotation region, and then forms to coil better the incomplete membrane of picking up, has further promoted the clean rate of picking up of incomplete membrane.
The power of hydraulic motor output drives the regional membrane roller subassembly corotation of picking up through the corotation through corotation transmission assembly, twines the incomplete membrane of picking up, has fully combined the easy winding characteristics of incomplete membrane, has further improved the clean rate of picking up of incomplete membrane. In the picking-up process, the mixture of the residual film, the soil and the stubbles not only receives the acting force formed by the rotation of the film picking-up roller assembly, but also receives the frictional resistance of the residual film, the soil and the stubbles formed by the forward movement of the film picking-up roller assembly along with the rotation of the drum shaft, and the effective separation of the residual film and the soil can be realized under the combined action of the residual film, the soil and the soil, so that the film-soil separation rate is improved.
Reverse rotation transmission assembly
As shown in FIG. 9, the reverse drive assembly includes a reverse drive sprocket 82, a reverse duplex chain 87 wheel 83, a reverse sprocket 84, and a reverse duplex chain 87. As shown in connection with fig. 8, a counter-rotating drive sprocket 82 is connected to the driven end of the drum shaft 66. The counter-rotating drive sprocket 82 is connected to a counter-rotating double-row chain 87 by a drive chain and wheels 83. The reverse duplex chain 87 wheel 83 is connected to the reverse sprocket 84 by a reverse duplex chain 87. The reverse double-row chain 87 engages with the film pickup roller sprocket 62 passing through the reverse region. So set up, utilize chain drive between the reversal drive assembly, promoted power transmission's flexibility, reduced through the regional pick up the impact force that begins the meshing and withdraw from the meshing in-process between film roller sprocket 62 and the reversal drive assembly of reversal, further improved complete machine job stabilization nature.
As shown in fig. 9, the reverse rotation area of the mounting plate 81 is provided with a round roller 89. One end of the round roller 89 is connected to the mounting plate 81. The side wall of the round roller 89 is in contact with the reverse double-row chain 87 and tensions the reverse double-row chain 87. So set up, circle roller 89 is used for guaranteeing that reversal double-row chain 87 takes turns 83 and the abundant meshing of reversal sprocket 84 with reversal double-row chain 87 respectively, has avoided the driven hysteresis quality of reversal double-row chain 87, is favorable to reversal double-row chain 87 to drive through the reversal regional reverse rotation of picking up membrane roller assembly 61, and then releases the incomplete membrane of winding on picking up membrane roller assembly 61 better, is convenient for unload the membrane brush 7 with incomplete membrane concentrate collect in the membrane case 9.
The drum shaft transmits the rotating torque to the film picking roller assembly passing through the reverse area through the reverse transmission assembly to reversely rotate, and the residual film wound on the film picking roller assembly is released. The incomplete membrane that is released is collected the collection membrane case under the effect of unloading the membrane brush finally, has reduced the degree of difficulty of separation between incomplete membrane and the film picking roller subassembly, further improves the recovery efficiency of incomplete membrane.
Film picking roller assembly
As shown in fig. 7, the film pick roller assembly 61 includes a roller shaft 611 and film pick teeth 612. As shown in fig. 6, the ends of the roller shaft 611 are connected to a first end plate 64 and a second end plate 65, respectively, via a first bearing housing 63. The film picking teeth 612 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the roller shaft 611 to form a film picking unit. The film pickup units are arranged circumferentially along the axis of the roller shaft 611. So set up, pick up the compact and inseparable of mechanism of membrane tooth 612, and then increased the regional area of picking up, further improved the recovery efficiency of plastic film residue and the clean rate of picking up of plastic film residue. For example, the film pick-up teeth 612 are staggered on the side wall of the roller 611, further increasing the area of the pick-up area.
Residual film recovery method
When the self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine provided by the embodiment of the invention is used, the self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting traction equipment with a connecting frame at the front end of a rack, connecting a power part of the traction equipment with an input end of a transmission case, drawing the self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine into a working area by the traction equipment, shoveling soil by a film lifting shovel along with the advancing of the traction equipment, and throwing a residual film, soil and root stubble mixture to the rear side of the film lifting shovel;
step two, a power part of the traction equipment transmits power to a roller shaft through a transmission box and a transmission shaft and a transmission belt in sequence to drive a residual film recovery roller to rotate, and a film picking roller assembly positioned at the lower part of the residual film recovery roller is embedded into a residual film, soil and stubble mixture and picks up the residual film;
driving a film unloading brush to rotate by a hydraulic motor, wherein the film unloading brush is used for cleaning residual films on a film picking roller assembly and collecting the residual films into a film collecting box, and the power output by the hydraulic motor is transmitted to a forward rotation transmission assembly through a forward rotation transmission chain through a first chain wheel at the driven end of the film unloading brush;
step four, the roller shaft drives the residual film recovery roller to rotate, simultaneously, the rotating torque is transmitted to the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the reverse region through the reverse transmission assembly, then the film picking roller assembly passing through the reverse region is driven to rotate reversely, residual films wound on the film picking roller assembly are released, and the released residual films are finally collected into the film collecting box under the effect of the film unloading brush.
The autorotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine is characterized in that a film lifting shovel shovels soil along with the advancing of traction equipment, residual films, the soil and a stubble mixture are thrown to the rear side of the film lifting shovel, power of a power part of the traction equipment passes through a transmission box and is transmitted to a roller shaft sequentially through a transmission shaft and a transmission belt to drive a residual film recycling roller to rotate, a film picking roller assembly located at the lower portion of the residual film recycling roller is embedded into the residual films, the soil and the stubble mixture and picks up the residual films to thoroughly separate the residual films from the soil, the difficulty of picking up and separating the residual films in an all-tillage layer is reduced, and the recycling efficiency of the residual films and the picking-up rate of the residual films are improved.
The present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, and other embodiments may be made in the present invention in addition to the above embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions of equivalents, and alterations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine is characterized by comprising a rack, a transmission case, a residual film recycling roller, a film unloading brush, a transmission part and a hydraulic motor for providing power for the film unloading brush;
the front end of the rack is provided with a connecting frame connected with traction equipment, the rear end of the rack is provided with a film collecting box for collecting and recovering residual films, a rotary space for placing a residual film recovery cylinder is arranged between the connecting frame and the film collecting box, the bottom of the transmission box is connected with the front end of the rack, the input end of the transmission box is connected with a power part of the traction equipment, the output end of the transmission box is connected with a transmission shaft, the bottom of the rack is connected with a shovel frame, the shovel frame is positioned at the front end of the residual film recovery roller, and a film lifting shovel for turning up a soil layer is connected between the pair of shovel frames;
the film unloading brush is positioned between the residual film recovery roller and the film collecting box, the end part of the film unloading brush is connected with the rack through a bearing seat, the power end of the film unloading brush is connected with the hydraulic motor, and the driven end of the film unloading brush is provided with a first chain wheel;
the residual film recovery roller comprises a film picking roller assembly, a first end plate, a second end plate and a roller shaft, wherein the first end plate is connected with the driven end of the roller shaft, the second end plate is connected with the driving end of the roller shaft, the end part of the film picking roller assembly is respectively connected with the first end plate and the second end plate through a first bearing seat, the driving end of the roller shaft is connected with a transmission shaft through a transmission belt, the film picking roller assembly is circumferentially arranged along the axis of the roller shaft, the driving end of the film picking roller assembly is provided with a film picking roller chain wheel, and the film picking roller chain wheel is positioned on one side of the driven end of the roller shaft;
the film picking mechanism is characterized in that the transmission part comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected with the driven end of the drum shaft, a forward rotation area and a reverse rotation area are arranged on the mounting plate, the forward rotation area is located on one side, close to the connecting frame, of the mounting plate, the reverse rotation area is located on one side, close to the film unloading brush, of the mounting plate, a forward rotation transmission assembly for driving the film picking roller assembly to rotate forward is arranged in the forward rotation area, the input end of the forward rotation transmission assembly is connected with the first chain wheel through a forward rotation transmission chain, the output end of the forward rotation transmission assembly is connected with the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the forward rotation area, a reverse rotation transmission assembly for driving the film picking roller assembly to rotate reversely is arranged in the reverse rotation area, the input end of the reverse rotation transmission assembly is connected with the driven end of the drum shaft, and the output end of the reverse rotation transmission assembly is connected with the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the reverse rotation area.
2. The self-rotating film-picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine according to claim 1, wherein the forward rotation transmission assembly comprises a forward rotation driving sprocket, a second sprocket, a forward rotation driven sprocket and a forward rotation double-row chain, the forward rotation driving sprocket is connected with the second sprocket through a rotating shaft, the second sprocket is connected with the first sprocket through a forward rotation transmission chain, the forward rotation driving sprocket is connected with the forward rotation driven sprocket through the forward rotation double-row chain, and the forward rotation double-row chain is meshed with the film-picking roller sprocket passing through a forward rotation area.
3. The self-rotating film-picking roller type whole-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reverse transmission assembly comprises a reverse driving sprocket, a reverse double-row sprocket, a reverse sprocket and a reverse double-row chain, the reverse driving sprocket is connected with a driven end of the drum shaft, the reverse driving sprocket is connected with the reverse double-row sprocket through a transmission chain, the reverse double-row sprocket is connected with the reverse sprocket through the reverse double-row chain, and the reverse double-row chain is meshed with the film-picking roller sprockets passing through the reverse region.
4. The self-rotating film-picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the film-picking roller assembly comprises a roller shaft and film-picking teeth, the end part of the roller shaft is respectively connected with the first end plate and the second end plate through a first bearing seat, the film-picking teeth are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the roller shaft to form film-picking units, and the film-picking units are arranged circumferentially along the axis of the roller shaft.
5. The self-rotation film-picking roller type whole-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine according to claim 2, wherein a circular roller is arranged in the forward rotation area of the mounting plate, one end of the circular roller is connected with the mounting plate, and the side wall of the circular roller is in contact with the forward rotation double-row chain and tensions the forward rotation double-row chain.
6. The self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine according to claim 3, wherein a circular roller is arranged in the reverse rotation area of the mounting plate, one end of the circular roller is connected with the mounting plate, and the side wall of the circular roller is in contact with and tensions the reverse double-row chain.
7. The self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine according to claim 1, wherein grid bars are connected to the rear side of the film removing shovel, and the grid bars are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the film removing shovel.
8. The self-film-picking roller type whole-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine according to claim 1, wherein the film collecting box is connected with the frame through a connecting hook, and the film collecting box is a box structure constructed by a screen.
9. The self film-picking roller type mulch recycling machine according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the film-unloading brush is provided with strip-shaped bristles, and the bristles have elasticity.
10. The residual film recycling method of the self-pick film roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
step one, connecting traction equipment with a connecting frame at the front end of a rack, connecting a power part of the traction equipment with an input end of a transmission case, drawing a self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine into a working area by the traction equipment, shoveling soil by a film lifting shovel along with the advancing of the traction equipment, and throwing a residual film, soil and root stubble mixture to the rear side of the film lifting shovel;
step two, a power part of the traction equipment transmits power to a roller shaft through a transmission box and a transmission shaft and a transmission belt in sequence to drive a residual film recovery roller to rotate, and a film picking roller assembly positioned at the lower part of the residual film recovery roller is embedded into a residual film, soil and stubble mixture and picks up the residual film;
driving a film unloading brush to rotate by a hydraulic motor, wherein the film unloading brush is used for cleaning residual films on a film picking roller assembly and collecting the residual films into a film collecting box, and the power output by the hydraulic motor is transmitted to a forward rotation transmission assembly through a forward rotation transmission chain through a first chain wheel at the driven end of the film unloading brush;
step four, the roller shaft drives the residual film recovery roller to rotate, simultaneously, the rotating torque is transmitted to the film picking roller chain wheel passing through the reverse region through the reverse transmission assembly, then the film picking roller assembly passing through the reverse region is driven to rotate reversely, residual films wound on the film picking roller assembly are released, and the released residual films are finally collected into the film collecting box under the effect of the film unloading brush.
CN202210391248.XA 2022-04-14 2022-04-14 Self-rotation film picking roller type all-tillage-layer residual film recycling machine and residual film recycling method Active CN114731784B (en)

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JPH0759473A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-03-07 Iseki & Co Ltd Machine for recovering mulching film
CN2459851Y (en) * 2000-07-13 2001-11-21 西北农林科技大学 Agricultural pneumatic residual film recovery machine
CN207783468U (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-08-31 倪世鹏 Farmland incomplete film recycles machine of working soil
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