CN114717494A - 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
6082 aluminum alloy extruded material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114717494A CN114717494A CN202210282617.1A CN202210282617A CN114717494A CN 114717494 A CN114717494 A CN 114717494A CN 202210282617 A CN202210282617 A CN 202210282617A CN 114717494 A CN114717494 A CN 114717494A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps of 1, casting an aluminum alloy raw material to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot; step 2, homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot; step 3, performing hot extrusion on the homogenization treatment product by using an extruder to obtain an extrusion product; step 4, performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product; and step 5, performing temperature-changing aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 160 ℃ at 130-40 ℃/h, heating to the final aging temperature of 170-210 ℃ at a constant speed when the product enters the furnace, and keeping the temperature for a certain time. In the production process of the aluminum alloy section, the heating temperature of the extrusion blank in the extrusion process is controlled and the temperature-variable aging mode is adopted, so that the strengthening effect of the 6082 aluminum alloy can be improved, and the aluminum alloy section with good mechanical property can be obtained in a shorter time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The 6082 aluminum alloy belongs to Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy, and has the characteristics of medium strength, better corrosion resistance, high specific strength, good weldability and the like, so that the 6082 aluminum alloy is widely applied to the fields of rail transit and automobiles. 6082 Al-alloy is a heat-treatment strengthened Al-alloy, whose time-effect principle is to heat the supersaturated sosoloid Al-alloy after solid solution or on-line quenching to a certain temp. and keep it warm to desolventize the alloy elements Mg, Si, etc. to form dispersed Mg2Si precipitates, thereby achieving the strengthening effect, and the obtained precipitates have larger quantity, smaller size and more dispersed distribution, and the strength of the alloy is higher.
In the existing production process, the conventional 6082 aluminum alloy generally has the characteristic of low strength, so that the existing 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material is difficult to be applied to the field with high requirements on material properties. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the mechanical properties of the conventional 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material.
The current 6082 aluminum alloy production process generally has the problems of low performance, long production period and high energy consumption. Therefore, there is a need for a new method for preparing 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material, which improves mechanical properties and productivity thereof while reducing production costs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material can improve the strengthening effect of the 6082 aluminum alloy and obtain an aluminum alloy profile with good mechanical property in a shorter time.
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the second purpose of the invention is as follows: provides a 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material which has stronger tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material comprises the following steps,
step 1, casting an aluminum alloy raw material to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
step 2, homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot;
step 3, performing hot extrusion on the homogenization treatment product by using an extruder to obtain an extrusion product;
step 4, performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product;
and step 5, performing temperature-changing aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 160 ℃ at 130-40 ℃/h, heating to the final aging temperature of 170-210 ℃ at a constant speed when the product enters the furnace, and keeping the temperature for a certain time.
Further, in step 2, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 540-580 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 4-8 h.
Further, in the step 2, the cooling mode is water mist cooling.
Further, in step 3, the preheating temperature of the ingot is 480-520 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 2.0-4.0 mm/s.
Further, in the step 3, the preheating temperature of the cast ingot is 495-505 ℃ in the extrusion process; the set temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 450 ℃; the forward speed of the extrusion ram was 3.0 mm/s.
Further, in the step 4, the quenching heating temperature is 520-550 ℃, the heat preservation time is 40-60min, the quenching is carried out in water for cooling after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s.
Further, in the step 4, the quenching heating temperature is 540-550 ℃.
Further, in the step 5, the initial aging temperature is 145-155 ℃, the heating rate is 20 ℃/h, the final aging temperature is 170-195 ℃, and the total aging time is 3-5 h.
A6082 aluminum alloy extruded material is prepared by a preparation method of the 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material.
Further, the aluminum alloy extruded material comprises 0.70-0.80 wt.% of Mg, 1.15-1.25 wt.% of Si, less than or equal to 0.05 wt.% of Cu, 0.20 wt.% of Fe, 0.65-0.75 wt.% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.15-0.20 wt.% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 wt.% of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 wt.% of Ti, and the balance of Al.
In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
in the production process of the aluminum alloy section, the heating temperature of the extrusion blank in the extrusion process is controlled and the variable-temperature aging mode is adopted, so that the strengthening effect of 6082 aluminum alloy can be improved, the aging time for the 6082 alloy to reach the peak strength is greatly shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, the production efficiency of the alloy is improved, and the product can be well applied to the field of automobile accessories.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
1) Carrying out semi-continuous casting on an aluminum alloy raw material (the components are shown in table 1) to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
2) and homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot. The process conditions are as follows: the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 6 h;
3) and carrying out hot extrusion on the homogenized product by using an extruder to obtain an extruded product. Preheating the cast ingot at 500 ℃ and extruding at the speed of 3.0 mm/s;
4) performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product, wherein the quenching heating temperature is 545 ℃, the heat preservation time is 50min, quenching is performed in water after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s;
5) and (3) carrying out variable-temperature aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 150 ℃, heating to the final aging temperature of 175 ℃ at a constant speed of 20 ℃/h when the product is put into the furnace, and carrying out heat preservation, wherein the total aging time is 3 h.
Example 2
1) Carrying out semi-continuous casting on an aluminum alloy raw material (the components are shown in table 1) to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
2) and homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot. The process conditions are as follows: the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 6 h;
3) and carrying out hot extrusion on the homogenized product by using an extruder to obtain an extruded product. Preheating the cast ingot at 500 ℃ and extruding at the speed of 3.0 mm/s;
4) carrying out off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product, wherein the quenching heating temperature is 545 ℃, the heat preservation time is 50min, quenching is carried out in water for cooling after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s;
5) and (3) carrying out variable-temperature aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 150 ℃, entering the furnace at a temperature, uniformly heating to the final aging temperature of 175 ℃ at a speed of 20 ℃/h, and carrying out heat preservation, wherein the total aging time is 4 h.
Example 3
1) Carrying out semi-continuous casting on an aluminum alloy raw material (the components are shown in table 1) to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
2) and homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot. The process conditions are as follows: the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 6 h;
3) and carrying out hot extrusion on the homogenized product by using an extruder to obtain an extruded product. Preheating the cast ingot at 500 ℃ and extruding at the speed of 3.0 mm/s;
4) performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product, wherein the quenching heating temperature is 545 ℃, the heat preservation time is 50min, quenching is performed in water after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s;
5) and (3) carrying out variable-temperature aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 150 ℃, entering the furnace at a temperature of 190 ℃ at a constant speed of 20 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature, wherein the total aging time is 2 h.
Example 4
1) Carrying out semi-continuous casting on an aluminum alloy raw material (the components are shown in table 1) to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
2) homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot. The process conditions are as follows: the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 6 h;
3) and carrying out hot extrusion on the homogenized product by using an extruder to obtain an extruded product. Preheating the cast ingot at 500 ℃ and extruding at the speed of 3.0 mm/s;
4) performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product, wherein the quenching heating temperature is 545 ℃, the heat preservation time is 50min, quenching is performed in water after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s;
5) and (3) carrying out variable temperature aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 150 ℃, heating to the final aging temperature of 190 ℃ at a constant speed of 20 ℃/h when the product is put into the furnace, and carrying out heat preservation, wherein the total aging time is 3 h.
Example 5
1) Carrying out semi-continuous casting on an aluminum alloy raw material (the components are shown in table 1) to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
2) and homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot. The process conditions are as follows: the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 6 h;
3) and carrying out hot extrusion on the homogenized product by using an extruder to obtain an extruded product. Preheating the cast ingot at 500 ℃ and extruding at the speed of 3.0 mm/s;
4) performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product, wherein the quenching heating temperature is 545 ℃, the heat preservation time is 50min, quenching is performed in water after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s;
5) and carrying out single-stage aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 175 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 8 h.
Comparative example 1
1) Carrying out semi-continuous casting on an aluminum alloy raw material (the components are shown in table 1) to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
2) homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot. The process conditions are as follows: the homogenization treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 6 h;
3) and carrying out hot extrusion on the homogenized product by using an extruder to obtain an extruded product. Preheating the cast ingot at 500 ℃ and extruding at the speed of 3.0 mm/s;
4) performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product, wherein the quenching heating temperature is 545 ℃, the heat preservation time is 50min, quenching is performed in water after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s;
5) and carrying out single-stage aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 175 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 8 h.
Table 1 aluminum alloy material composition in mass percent (wt.%)
| Si | Mg | Cu | Mn | Cr | Zn | Ti | Fe | Al |
| 1.25 | 0.75 | 0.05 | 0.70 | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.20 | Balance of |
And (3) carrying out mechanical property tests on the aluminum alloy sections of the examples 1-5 and the comparative example 1, wherein the tested mechanical properties comprise tensile strength, yield strength and elongation. In each of the examples or comparative examples, 3 parallel samples were selected and tested. Comparing the obtained mechanical property with the product performance requirement: when the three performance indexes are higher than the product performance requirement, the sample is qualified; if one property data is lower than the product property requirement, the sample is not qualified. The specific data and the qualification of the samples are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of mechanical property data of the extruded aluminum alloy materials of examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1
As can be seen from Table 2, the aluminum alloy extruded materials of the embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention all satisfy the product performance requirements. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy extruded material of the embodiment 1-4 is 364.9-405.2 Mpa, the yield strength is 335.0-381.3 Mpa, the elongation is 9.8-12.1, and the product performance requirement is obviously higher. In contrast, in the aluminum alloy extruded materials of example 5 and comparative example 1, the product performance requirements were not satisfied, i.e., the products were not qualified.
Comparing the examples with the comparative examples, it can be seen that, in the process of producing the aluminum alloy extruded material, the heating temperature of the extrusion blank in the extrusion process, the aging mode and the aging time in the aging process have great influence on the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy profile.
Specifically, comparing example 5 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that in example 5, the tensile strength and yield strength of the extruded product are improved by increasing the extrusion temperature, compared with comparative example 1, and are respectively increased by 39.6Mpa and 33.8Mpa, but the product performance requirements can not be met, and the extruded material quality of the aluminum alloy is not qualified; comparing examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that compared with comparative example 1 adopting low temperature extrusion in combination with single-stage aging, the process adopting 500 ℃ extrusion in combination with variable temperature aging has the advantages that the strength of the sample is greatly improved, the aging time is shortened to less than half of the aging time (8h) of T6, the efficiency of alloy aging treatment is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the product performance requirement is met; comparing example 1 and example 2, it can be seen that the optimum ageing time for the alloy under the conditions described (variable temperature ageing at a final ageing temperature of 175 ℃) is 4 hours, at which time the alloy reaches a maximum tensile strength of 405.2 MPa; comparing example 3 with example 4, it can be seen that the optimum ageing time for the alloy under the conditions described (temperature swing ageing at a final ageing temperature of 190 ℃) is 3 hours, at which time the alloy reaches a maximum tensile strength of 396.7 MPa. Therefore, in the production process of the aluminum alloy section, the strengthening effect of the 6082 aluminum alloy can be improved by controlling the heating temperature of the extrusion blank in the extrusion process and adopting a variable temperature aging mode, so that the aluminum alloy section with good mechanical property can be obtained in a shorter time.
In conclusion, the invention improves the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy extruded material by controlling key production factors such as homogenization temperature, homogenization time, extrusion temperature, aging mode and the like in the production process of the aluminum alloy profile, greatly shortens the heat treatment time of the aluminum alloy extruded material by optimizing the aging scheme, meets the industrial production requirement and simultaneously improves the productivity of the aluminum alloy extruded material.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step 1, casting an aluminum alloy raw material to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
step 2, homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast ingot, and cooling the aluminum alloy cast ingot;
step 3, performing hot extrusion on the homogenization treatment product by using an extruder to obtain an extrusion product;
step 4, performing off-line quenching on the hot extrusion product;
and step 5, performing temperature-changing aging heat treatment on the quenched product, setting the furnace temperature to be 160 ℃ at 130-40 ℃/h, heating to the final aging temperature of 170-210 ℃ at a constant speed when the product enters the furnace, and keeping the temperature for a certain time.
2. A method for producing a 6082 aluminium alloy extrudate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 540-580 ℃, and the homogenization heat preservation time is 4-8 h.
3. A method for producing a 6082 aluminium alloy extrudate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the cooling mode is water mist cooling.
4. A method for producing a 6082 aluminium alloy extrudate according to claim 1, wherein: in step 3, the preheating temperature of the ingot is 480-520 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 2.0-4.0 mm/s.
5. The method for producing an extruded 6082 aluminum alloy material as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the step 3, the preheating temperature of the cast ingot is 495-505 ℃ in the extrusion process; the set temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 450 ℃; the forward speed of the extrusion ram was 3.0 mm/s.
6. A method for producing a 6082 aluminium alloy extrudate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4, the quenching heating temperature is 520-550 ℃, the heat preservation time is 40-60min, the quenching is carried out in water after heat preservation, and the quenching transfer time is less than 2 s.
7. A method for producing a 6082 aluminium alloy extrudate according to claim 6, wherein: in step 4, the quenching heating temperature is 540-550 ℃.
8. A method for producing a 6082 aluminium alloy extrudate according to claim 1, wherein: in step 5, the initial aging temperature is 145-155 ℃, the heating rate is 20 ℃/h, the final aging temperature is 170-195 ℃, and the total aging time is 3-5 h.
9. A6082 aluminum alloy extruded material which is characterized in that: prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A 6082 aluminium alloy extrudate as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the aluminum alloy extruded material comprises the following components of 0.70-0.80 wt.% of Mg, 1.15-1.25 wt.% of Si, less than or equal to 0.05 wt.% of Cu, 0.20 wt.% of Fe, 0.65-0.75 wt.% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.15-0.20 wt.% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 wt.% of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 wt.% of Ti, and the balance of Al.
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2022
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| JP2005133103A (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-05-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Method for heat-treating aluminum alloy material |
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