CN110983216A - Process for reducing coarse crystal generation on surface of automotive extrusion forging rod - Google Patents
Process for reducing coarse crystal generation on surface of automotive extrusion forging rod Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
- B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work
- B21C35/03—Straightening the work
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy production process, and relates to a process for reducing coarse grains on the surface of an extrusion forging bar for a vehicle, which is aluminum alloyRaw materials: si: 1.07-1.12%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.1%, Cu: 0.01-0.04%, Mn: 0.62-0.65%, Mg: 0.88 to 0.93%, Cr: 0.15-0.18%, Zn is less than or equal to 0.03%, Ti: 0.02-0.05%, less than or equal to 0.03% of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.1% of total impurity and the balance of Al, wherein the Mg/Si ratio is 0.79-0.87, the aluminum alloy cast ingot prepared by the formula is subjected to solution heat treatment after extrusion, online water mist quenching treatment and stretching straightening, all process parameters are strictly controlled, and after the aluminum alloy extruded bar is subjected to solution heat treatment at 545 ℃ for 1h, the section of the aluminum alloy extruded bar has no coarse crystals and the surface of the aluminum alloy extruded bar has no coarse crystals; the thickness of the coarse crystal layer on the section of the forged bar is less than or equal to 3mm, and the mechanical property can reach after the forging is carried out for 8.5 hours at 170 ℃: yield strength RP0.2Not less than 320MPa, tensile strength RmNot less than 360MPa and elongation A not less than 10%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy production processes, and relates to a process for reducing coarse grains on the surface of an extrusion forging rod for a vehicle.
Background
The 6-series alloy is the most important pressure processing alloy in wrought aluminum alloy, and is an aluminum alloy taking magnesium and silicon as main alloy elements, and the main strengthening phase of the alloy is an intermetallic compound Mg formed by magnesium and silicon2Si, which belongs to the aluminum alloy capable of being strengthened by heat treatment. The 6-series alloy has medium strength, good plasticity, excellent weldability and corrosion resistance, and no stress corrosion cracking tendency. Therefore, the 6-series alloy is the most widely used aluminum alloy in the world. 6082 aluminum alloy is the main alloy member in 6 series alloy, 6082 belongs to Al-Mg-Si series heat treatment strengthening aluminum alloy, has good formability, weldability and machinability, simultaneously has medium strength, and is mainly used for mechanical structure, and the types of section bars, plates, pipes, section bars and the like.
6082 the aluminum alloy belongs to high strength aluminum alloy, and the extrusion rod is used for various structural parts such as automobile control arms and steering knuckles after being forged, so as to meet the requirements of light weight and high performance in the automobile field. With the high-speed development of automobile manufacturing technology, the market has more and more demands on high-performance aluminum alloy forgings, and the aluminum alloy forging method is promoted to be developed towards the direction with larger deformation and higher solid solution temperature. In the aluminum extrusion industry at present, coarse crystals with different degrees appear on the surface of a 6082 alloy extruded bar before and after solid solution, and under the condition that the subsequent forging deformation and solid solution temperature of a customer are different, particularly during high-deformation high-temperature solid solution, the corner position is easy to generate the defect of coarse crystals on the section, so that the mechanical property of the product is influenced. After the solution heat treatment is carried out on the currently produced bar with the diameter of 50mm at 545 ℃ for 1h, the cross section of the bar has no coarse crystals but the surface coarse crystals are serious, although the bar meets the standard requirements of customers on the cross section of an extruded bar, the customers need to carry out a large-deformation high-solution-temperature process during subsequent forging, the thickness of the coarse crystal layer of a forge piece can reach 5mm to the maximum, the mechanical property is reduced by at least more than 60MPa compared with that of the extruded bar, the yield strength in the mechanical property only reaches 270MPa, the tensile strength only reaches 310MPa, the elongation only reaches 8%, and the use of parts after forging is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a process for reducing the generation of coarse crystals on the surface of an automotive extrusion forging rod, in order to solve the problems that the coarse crystals generated before and after solid solution on the surface of the existing 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion rod sacrifice mechanical properties during subsequent forging treatment of a customer and influence the use of parts after forging.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a process for reducing coarse grains generated on the surface of an automotive extrusion forged rod, comprising the steps of:
A. preparing an aluminum alloy raw material according to the following weight part ratio: si: 1.07-1.12%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.1%, Cu: 0.01-0.04%, Mn: 0.62-0.65%, Mg: 0.88 to 0.93%, Cr: 0.15-0.18%, Zn is less than or equal to 0.03%, Ti: 0.02-0.05%, less than or equal to 0.03% of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.1% of total impurity and the balance of Al, wherein the ratio of Mg/Si is 0.79-0.87, the prepared aluminum alloy raw material is added into a smelting furnace, uniformly mixed and smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃, the smelted liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to standing, refining, slag skimming, online degassing and filtering, and then the liquid aluminum alloy is cast into an aluminum alloy ingot;
B. homogenizing the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step AThe temperature of the treatment and homogenization treatment is 530 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 h, so that Mg is contained2The Si phase is fully fused into the solid solution;
C. placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to homogenization treatment in the step B into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a required aluminum alloy bar, wherein the extrusion die adopts a design mode of die working belt shortening and inlet chamfering, before extrusion, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 420-450 ℃, the heating temperature of the extruded cast ingot is 400-440 ℃, the heating temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 430-440 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 8-10, and the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 2.5-3 m/min;
D. c, performing online water mist weak quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy bar extruded in the step C at the outlet of the extrusion die, so that the extruded bar is slowly cooled, the internal stress is released, and the driving force for growing crystal grains is effectively reduced;
E. d, drawing and straightening the aluminum alloy bar quenched in the step D by a drawing and straightening machine, wherein the drawing amount is less than 1.5%, standing the aluminum alloy bar after drawing and straightening for 2h, and then sizing and sawing;
F. and E, carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy bar stretched and straightened in the step E, wherein the heat treatment system is 545 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 1h, and thus obtaining the aluminum alloy bar without coarse crystals on the surface and the section.
Further, Al-5Ti-B wire refining agent is added in the refining process in the step A, double rotors are adopted for online degassing, and the flow of argon is 3.2-7.1 m3Per hour, chlorine flow rate is 0-0.05 m3And h, the rotating speed of the rotor is 400-700 r/min, and the filtering is performed by adopting a double-layer filter plate.
And further, casting the liquid aluminum alloy into an aluminum alloy ingot by adopting a semi-continuous water-cooling casting mode in the step A.
Further, the extruder in the step C is a horizontal 2000T extruder.
Further, the die land was reduced from 7mm to 4mm in step C, the land entrance chamfer increased from R2 to R5, and the baffle entrance chamfer increased from R4 to R10.
And furthermore, a liquid nitrogen cooling device is arranged on the extrusion die in the step C, so that heat generated in the extrusion process is absorbed, and the temperature of the extrusion die is ensured to be unchanged in the extrusion process.
And further, the temperature of the aluminum alloy bar in the step D after quenching is 80-100 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the process for reducing the generation of coarse crystals on the surface of the automotive extrusion forging rod, the Mg/Si ratio in the aluminum alloy raw material formula is 0.79-0.87, and excessive Si exists, so that the mechanical property of a final prepared product is improved; increasing the content of Mn and Cr elements, increasing the recrystallization temperature and simultaneously forming MnAl6、(CrFe)Al7、(CrMn)Al12The compound dispersoids have an inhibiting effect on the growth of recrystallized grains.
2. The process for reducing the generation of coarse grains on the surface of the automotive extrusion forging rod uses a homogenization system of middle-temperature long-time water cooling at 530 +/-10 ℃ for 10-12 h, so that Mg on a grain boundary is not only subjected to long-time water cooling2The Si phase and the excessive Si are fully dissolved in the solid solution, the extrudability of the aluminum alloy cast rod is improved, and more importantly, a part of second phase containing Mn and Cr can be finely dispersed and distributed, the recrystallization temperature is improved, the recrystallization formation is inhibited, and the recrystallized grains are refined.
3. According to the process for reducing the generation of the coarse crystals on the surface of the vehicular extrusion forging rod, the die working belt in the extrusion die is shortened from 7mm to 4mm, the chamfer angle of the inlet of the working belt is increased from R2 to R5, the chamfer angle of the inlet of the guide plate is increased from R4 to R10, and the friction between an ingot and the die can be effectively reduced by the shortening of the die working belt and the unique design mode of the inlet chamfer.
4. According to the process for reducing the generation of coarse grains on the surface of the automotive extrusion forging rod, the horizontal 2000T extruder is adopted as the extruder, so that the extrusion ratio is reduced to 8, the overall extrusion pressure and the extrusion deformation degree are reduced, and the friction of a die working belt on the surface of the rod during extrusion can be reduced; the heating temperature of the die is 420-450 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 430-440 ℃, the heating temperature of the cast ingot is 400-440 ℃, and the temperature ranges of the three are strictly controlled so as to reduce the friction force of the flowing metal in the extrusion cylinder and the die; the speed of the extruded product is limited within the range of 2.5-3 m/min. When the grain size is less than 2.5m/min, the bar is exposed to the air for a long time under the high-temperature condition, and the crystal grains are nucleated and grow under the high-temperature driving force to form coarse surface crystals. If the thickness is higher than 3m/min, the friction force between the working belt of the die and the flowing metal is increased, so that dispersed particles containing Mn or Cr on the surface of the bar are precipitated too early, the fixed binding refining effect is lost, and surface crystal grains lose constraint and grow rapidly to form coarse crystals under the subsequent high-temperature solid solution condition; the water mist weak quenching mode is adopted, so that the extruded bar is slowly cooled, the internal stress is released, the driving force for growing crystal grains is effectively reduced, and the surface of the extruded bar is in a fine crystal grain shape.
5. The process for reducing the generation of the coarse grains on the surface of the vehicle extrusion forging rod, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that on the premise of ensuring form and position tolerance and qualified size, the stretching amount is controlled to be less than 1.5%, if the stretching amount is more than 1.5%, a cold-processed surface structure is easily formed to harden the alloy, the stretching energy is transferred to the surface and the inside of the rod, and the stretching energy becomes a driving force for growing grains during high-temperature solid solution, so that the surface coarse grains are formed.
6. The process for reducing the coarse grains on the surface of the automotive extrusion forging bar disclosed by the invention strictly controls the component content, adopts a medium-temperature long-time water mist cooling homogenization system, adopts a short working zone inlet chamfer angle die design mode, and accurately sets the extrusion process and limits the stretching amount, and the five aspects simultaneously meet the set process requirements, so that the 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar can be ensured to have no coarse grain defects on the section and the surface after high-temperature solution heat treatment. The whole set of process design not only solves the problem of surface coarse grains commonly existing in 6082 bars in the aluminum extrusion industry at present, but also meets the performance requirement of high-deformation high-temperature solid solution forging of automobile structural parts, and improves the technical level of producing high-end automobile parts in China.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A process for reducing the generation of coarse crystals on the surface of an automotive extrusion forging rod comprises the following steps:
A. calculating the using amount of each aluminum alloy raw material and preparing the aluminum alloy raw material according to the mixture ratio, wherein the 6082 aluminum alloy raw material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Cr | Zn | Ti | Impurities | Al |
| Content (wt.) | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.63 | 0.88 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.05 | Balance of |
Wherein the ratio of Mg to Si is 0.80, and excessive Si exists, which is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the product; increasing the content of Mn and Cr elements, increasing the recrystallization temperature and simultaneously forming MnAl6、(CrFe)Al7、(CrMn)Al12The dispersoid points of the compounds have the function of inhibiting the growth of recrystallized grains; adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, uniformly mixing, smelting to obtain liquid aluminum alloy, wherein the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃, and performing standing, refining, slag removing, online degassing and filtering on the smelted liquid aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
B. homogenizing the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step A, wherein the temperature of the homogenizing treatment is 530 ℃, the heat preservation time is 12 hours, and not only is Mg on the grain boundary2Si phase and excessive Si are fully dissolved in the solid solution, so that the extrudability is improved, more importantly, a part of second phase containing Mn and Cr can be finely dispersed and distributed, the recrystallization temperature is increased, the formation of recrystallization is inhibited, and recrystallized grains are refined;
C. b, placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to homogenization treatment in the step B into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a required aluminum alloy bar, wherein the extrusion die adopts a design mode of shortening a die working belt and chamfering an inlet, the die working belt is shortened from 7mm to 4mm, the chamfer angle of the inlet of the working belt is increased from R2 to R5, the chamfer angle of the inlet of a guide plate is increased from R4 to R10, and the friction between the cast ingot and the die can be effectively reduced by the unique design mode of shortening the die working belt and chamfering the inlet; the heating temperature of the die is 420-450 ℃, the heating temperature of the extruded cast ingot is 400-440 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 430-440 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 8-10, and the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 2.5-3 m/min; when the grain size is less than 2.5m/min, the bar is exposed to the air for a long time under the high-temperature condition, and the crystal grains are nucleated and grow under the high-temperature driving force to form coarse surface crystals. If the thickness is higher than 3m/min, the friction force between the working belt of the die and the flowing metal is increased, so that dispersed particles containing Mn or Cr on the surface of the bar are precipitated too early, the fixed binding refining effect is lost, and surface crystal grains lose constraint and grow rapidly to form coarse crystals under the subsequent high-temperature solid solution condition;
D. c, the aluminum alloy bar extruded in the step C is cooled slowly by adopting a water mist weak quenching cooling mode, so that the extruded bar is released with internal stress, the driving force for growing crystal grains is effectively reduced, and the surface of the aluminum alloy bar forms a fine crystal grain shape;
E. d, drawing and straightening the aluminum alloy bar quenched in the step D by a drawing and straightening machine, wherein the drawing amount is less than 1.5%, standing the aluminum alloy bar after drawing and straightening for 2h, and then sizing and sawing; if the stretching amount is more than 1.5%, a cold-processed surface structure is easily formed to harden the alloy, the stretching energy is transferred to the surface and the inside of the bar, and the bar becomes a driving force for growing crystal grains during high-temperature solid solution to form surface coarse crystals;
F. and E, carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy bar stretched and straightened in the step E, wherein the heat treatment system is 545 ℃ multiplied by 1h, and obtaining the aluminum alloy bar without coarse crystals on the surface and the section.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the 6082 aluminum alloy raw material in the step A comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Cr | Zn | Ti | Impurities | Al |
| Content (wt.) | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.63 | 0.90 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.05 | Balance of |
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example 1 and the example 1 is that the 6082 aluminum alloy raw material in the step A comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Cr | Zn | Ti | Impurities | Al |
| Content (wt.) | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.63 | 0.75 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.05 | Balance of |
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 1 is that the temperature of the homogenization treatment of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step B is 450 ℃, and the holding time is 20 h.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example 3 and the comparative example 1 is that in the step C, a single-hole extrusion die is adopted as the extrusion die, the heating temperature of the die is 480-500 ℃, the heating temperature of the extruded cast ingot is 510-530 ℃, the barrel body temperature of the extrusion barrel is 420-440 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 48.8, and the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 4.5-6 m/min.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the comparative example 4 and the comparative example 1 is that the aluminum alloy bar quenched in the step E is subjected to stretching straightening by a traction straightening machine, and the stretching amount is less than 2.5%.
The thicknesses of the coarse grain layers of the aluminum alloy bars prepared in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-4 and the corresponding aluminum alloy bars after forging were measured according to the GB-T228-.
Table one:
as can be seen from the table I, after the 6082 aluminum alloy extruded bar is subjected to the solution heat treatment at 545 ℃ for 1h, no coarse crystal exists on the section, and no coarse crystal exists on the surface; the thickness of the coarse crystal layer on the cross section of the forged bar is less than or equal to 3mm, and the mechanical property can reach after the forging is carried out for 8.5 hours at 170 ℃: yield strength RP0.2Not less than 320MPa, tensile strength RmNot less than 360MPa and elongation A not less than 10%. Only 20-30 Mpa of mechanical property loss before and after the aluminum alloy bar is forged; the invention solves the problem of surface coarse grains of 6082 bars in the aluminum extrusion industry at present, meets the use performance of high-temperature solid solution forged parts required by customers, and improves the technical level of producing high-end automobile parts in China.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A process for reducing the generation of coarse crystals on the surface of an automotive extrusion forging rod is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. preparing an aluminum alloy raw material according to the following weight part ratio: si: 1.07-1.12%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.1%, Cu: 0.01-0.04%, Mn: 0.62-0.65%, Mg: 0.88 to 0.93%, Cr: 0.15-0.18%, Zn is less than or equal to 0.03%, Ti: 0.02-0.05%, less than or equal to 0.03% of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.1% of total impurity and the balance of Al, wherein the ratio of Mg/Si is 0.79-0.87, the prepared aluminum alloy raw material is added into a smelting furnace, uniformly mixed and smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃, the smelted liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to standing, refining, slag skimming, online degassing and filtering, and then the liquid aluminum alloy is cast into an aluminum alloy ingot;
B. b, homogenizing the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step A, wherein the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 530 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours, so that Mg is contained2The Si phase is fully fused into the solid solution;
C. placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to homogenization treatment in the step B into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a required aluminum alloy bar, wherein the extrusion die adopts a design mode of die working belt shortening and inlet chamfering, before extrusion, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 420-450 ℃, the heating temperature of the extruded cast ingot is 400-440 ℃, the heating temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 430-440 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 8-10, and the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 2.5-3 m/min;
D. c, performing online water mist weak quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy bar extruded in the step C at the outlet of the extrusion die, so that the extruded bar is slowly cooled, the internal stress is released, and the driving force for growing crystal grains is effectively reduced;
E. d, drawing and straightening the aluminum alloy bar quenched in the step D by a drawing and straightening machine, wherein the drawing amount is less than 1.5%, standing the aluminum alloy bar after drawing and straightening for 2h, and then sizing and sawing;
F. and E, carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy bar stretched and straightened in the step E, wherein the heat treatment system is 545 +/-5 ℃ multiplied by 1h, and thus obtaining the aluminum alloy bar without coarse crystals on the surface and the section.
2. The process for reducing the generation of the coarse grains on the surface of the automotive extrusion forging rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein an A1-5Ti-B wire refining agent is added in the refining process of the step A, a double rotor is adopted for online degassing, the argon flow is 3.2-7.1 m3Per hour, chlorine flow rate is 0-0.05 m3And h, the rotating speed of the rotor is 400-700 r/min, and the filtering is performed by adopting a double-layer filter plate.
3. The process for reducing the generation of the coarse grains on the surface of the vehicular extrusion forged rod according to claim 1, wherein the step A is to melt and cast the liquid aluminum alloy into the aluminum alloy ingot by a semi-continuous water-cooling casting method.
4. The process for reducing the occurrence of macrocrystals on the surface of an extruded and forged rod for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the extruder in the step C is a horizontal 2000T extruder.
5. The process for reducing the occurrence of macrocrystals on the surface of a vehicular press forged rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step C the die band is shortened from 7mm to 4mm, the band inlet chamfer is increased from R2 to R5, and the baffle inlet chamfer is increased from R4 to R10.
6. The process for reducing the generation of coarse crystals on the surface of an extrusion forged rod for vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid nitrogen cooling device is installed on the extrusion die in the step C to absorb the heat generated during the extrusion process and ensure that the temperature of the extrusion die is not changed during the extrusion process.
7. The process for reducing the generation of coarse grains on the surface of the automotive extrusion forged bar according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy bar after quenching in the step D is 80-100 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911373343.1A CN110983216A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Process for reducing coarse crystal generation on surface of automotive extrusion forging rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911373343.1A CN110983216A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Process for reducing coarse crystal generation on surface of automotive extrusion forging rod |
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| CN112111679A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-22 | 宁波锦越新材料有限公司 | High-quality aluminum alloy for semiconductor and preparation method thereof |
| CN112143943A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2020-12-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor |
| CN112496074A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Aluminum alloy bar for vehicle and processing method |
| CN113088773A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-09 | 长春市吉通凯撒铝业有限责任公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy and production process and application thereof |
| CN113201658A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-03 | 池州市九华明坤铝业有限公司 | Processing technology of high-quality aluminum alloy industrial section |
| CN113564429A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏亚太航空科技有限公司 | Fine-grain aluminum alloy block and preparation process and application thereof |
| CN115216672A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-21 | 栋梁铝业有限公司 | Aluminum alloy section with complex section and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115595518A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-01-13 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司（Cn） | Forging heat treatment process for 7-series extruded aluminum alloy bar |
| CN115612897A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-17 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Method for reducing coarse crystal layer of 6082 aluminum alloy profile |
| CN116144989A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-23 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Production process for 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar by controlling coarse grains after forging |
| CN116445752A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-18 | 北京永一格国际展览有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-strength aluminum bar |
| CN117965965A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-05-03 | 南南铝业股份有限公司 | Comprehensive technological method for solving coarse-grain ring of 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112111679A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-22 | 宁波锦越新材料有限公司 | High-quality aluminum alloy for semiconductor and preparation method thereof |
| CN112143943A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2020-12-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor |
| CN112496074A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Aluminum alloy bar for vehicle and processing method |
| CN113088773A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-09 | 长春市吉通凯撒铝业有限责任公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy and production process and application thereof |
| CN113201658A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-03 | 池州市九华明坤铝业有限公司 | Processing technology of high-quality aluminum alloy industrial section |
| CN113564429A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏亚太航空科技有限公司 | Fine-grain aluminum alloy block and preparation process and application thereof |
| CN115216672A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-21 | 栋梁铝业有限公司 | Aluminum alloy section with complex section and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115612897A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-17 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Method for reducing coarse crystal layer of 6082 aluminum alloy profile |
| CN115612897B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2024-05-28 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Method for reducing coarse grain layer of 6082 aluminum alloy section |
| CN115595518A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-01-13 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司（Cn） | Forging heat treatment process for 7-series extruded aluminum alloy bar |
| CN116144989A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-23 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Production process for 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar by controlling coarse grains after forging |
| CN116445752A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-18 | 北京永一格国际展览有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-strength aluminum bar |
| CN117965965A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-05-03 | 南南铝业股份有限公司 | Comprehensive technological method for solving coarse-grain ring of 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion bar |
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