CN112496074A - Aluminum alloy bar for vehicle and processing method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy bar for vehicle and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910016583 MnAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, and discloses an aluminum alloy bar for a vehicle and a processing method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy bar comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 0.7-1.3%, Mg: 0.6-1.2%, Mn: 0.4-1.0%, Cu 0.1%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al, and preparing and casting the materials into a casting rod; and then, sequentially extruding the cast rod, quenching on line, sawing, stretching and cutting off waste materials at the head and the tail, and extruding by adopting a porous flow splitting die during extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 10-15. The invention changes the extrusion coefficient by changing the number of the die holes, is beneficial to reducing the deformation amount of the bar product, thereby reducing the length of the coarse crystals on the surface of the bar product, stably producing the aluminum alloy bar for vehicles and effectively controlling the coarse crystals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy processing, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy bar for a vehicle and a processing method thereof.
Background
The coarse grain problem of aluminum alloy bars for vehicles has plagued the industry for many years, and the coarse grain ring is an annular region with coarse grains appearing on the periphery of the product. The bar product related to the vehicle structural component needs to be forged after extrusion, so that the requirement on surface coarse grains is high, and the thickness of the coarse grain layer after quenching is less than or equal to 1mm, so that in the actual production process, particularly in the forging link, the surface coarse grains of the bar product are serious, cracks can be formed in a coarse grain area, and the quality and the service life of the product are seriously influenced. Once the coarse crystals are generated, secondary cutting, sizing and rechecking are required, and if the rechecking is still unqualified, the whole branch is scrapped. This severely limits the production rate; and every time of reinspection, two sample heads and two sample tails can be taken from the finished product again, so that the related working procedure engineering quantity is increased, the waste of manpower and material resources is serious, and the risk of the outflow of defective products is increased. If the coarse crystal area of the bar product is completely cut off by increasing the length of the head and the tail of the cut, the overall yield of the bar product is reduced, the production cost is also increased, and the profit margin is reduced.
At present, a single-hole production process technology is mostly adopted in bar development, the working efficiency is low, the yield is less than 50%, head and tail waste materials are increased, surface coarse crystals are serious, secondary sampling, quenching and processing times are greatly increased, and waste of manpower and material resources is aggravated. Therefore, such a single-hole production process cannot meet the normal development of bar products, and therefore, a new multi-hole production process is urgently needed to be designed to control the coarse grain rate of the product so as to improve the qualification rate and the yield of the bar products.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy bar for a vehicle and a processing method thereof, and aims to solve the problem of high coarse grain rate on the surface of a bar product.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a processing method of an aluminum alloy bar for a vehicle, which comprises the following steps: the components by mass percentage are as follows: si: 0.7-1.3%, Mg: 0.6-1.2%, Mn: 0.4-1.0%, Cu 0.1%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al, and preparing and casting the materials into a casting rod; and then, sequentially extruding the cast rod, quenching on line, sawing, stretching and cutting off waste materials at the head and the tail, and extruding by adopting a porous flow splitting die during extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 10-15.
Preferably, the components by mass percentage are as follows: si: 0.7-0.9%, Mg: 0.6-0.8%, Mn: 0.4-0.6%, 0.1% of Cu, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al; the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 10-12.
Preferably, the components by mass percentage are as follows: the components by mass percentage are as follows: si: 1.1-1.3%, Mg: 1.0-1.2%, Mn: 0.8-1.0%, 0.1% of Cu, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al; the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 14-15.
Preferably, the components by mass percentage are as follows: the components by mass percentage are as follows: si: 1.0%, Mg: 0.9%, Mn: 0.7%, Cu 0.1%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al; the extrusion ratio was controlled to 13.
Preferably, the porous shunting die adopts a three-hole shunting die and adopts liquid nitrogen for cooling during extrusion.
Preferably, the extrusion speed is 6 +/-1 m/min, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 480 +/-20 ℃, the temperature of a die is 490 +/-20 ℃, the temperature of a casting bar is 500 +/-10 ℃ and the temperature of a product outlet is 490 +/-10 ℃ during extrusion.
Preferably, the on-line quenching adopts water cooling, and the temperature of the quenched product is less than 50 ℃.
Preferably, the stretch coefficient in stretching is 0.5 to 1.0%.
The invention also provides a vehicle aluminum alloy bar which is prepared by adopting the processing method of the vehicle aluminum alloy bar, and the coarse crystal qualification rate of the bar in the macroscopic examination is more than or equal to 95%.
In the process for controlling the surface coarse grains of the aluminum alloy bar, a special porous die is matched with a special porous production clamp and a special porous quenching tool, a new extrusion production process is set, the problem of the surface coarse grains of the bar product is successfully solved by controlling the temperature and the extrusion speed of the cast bar in the extrusion aspect, the subsequent quenching, processing and detecting procedures caused by the coarse grains are greatly reduced, the consumption of energy, manpower and material resources is saved, the length of head and tail waste materials of the bar is reduced, and the yield of the bar is greatly improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can stably produce the forged aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle and effectively control the coarse grains of the forged aluminum alloy bar by reasonably proportioning the components and changing the number of the holes of the die and the extrusion parameters, and reduces the deformation of the product by strictly controlling the extrusion ratio coefficient, thereby reducing the length of the coarse grains. The low-power qualification rate of the bar products is over 95 percent, and the yield of the products is improved to over 70 percent. Therefore, the production capacity is greatly improved, the waste of resources is reduced, and the burden of manpower and material resources is reduced.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The processing method of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle comprises the following steps:
1) and casting into a rod: preparing raw materials according to the alloy element composition of the aluminum alloy, and smelting and casting the raw materials into a cast rod. In this embodiment, the composition of the alloy elements of the aluminum alloy is optimized, and the composition of the optimized alloy elements is, in mass percent: si: 0.7-1.3%, Mg: 0.6-1.2%, Mn: 0.4-1.0%, Cu 0.1%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al.
In this example, Mg control is required to optimize the alloy element composition of the aluminum alloy2Si content while controlling Mg2Si content of 1.3The content of the excessive Si is controlled between 0.3 percent and 0.4 percent within the range of percent to 1.5 percent, the excessive Si is beneficial to strengthening the alloy, and the Mg2The larger the proportion of Si, the larger the shear stress, the more difficult the migration of the slip dislocation, and the less likely coarse grains are generated. In addition, the addition of the Si element can solve the problem that the aluminum-copper alloy and the aluminum-magnesium alloy cannot be subjected to solid solution strengthening, and the dosage of the Si element is equivalent to the sum of the Mg element and the Cu element, so that the subsequent yield strength is guaranteed. Mg element and Al can be relatively high mutually soluble, the physical properties of the aluminum alloy are greatly improved, the magnesium element with the content can enable the final cast aluminum alloy to have good fluidity in extrusion, and the bar material has good formability, simultaneously has ultrahigh comprehensive properties, good surface quality and other properties, and can not increase the brittleness of the alloy.
The Cu element in the embodiment has a face-centered cubic structure like Al, the melting point of Cu is high, and the Cu element is added into the cast aluminum alloy, so that no ternary compound is formed. The lattice constants of Cu and Al are greatly different, but Cu can be dissolved in Al, so that after the Cu element is added, the lattice of Al is greatly distorted, a remarkable strengthening effect is generated, and the strength is sharply increased and the elongation rate is sharply reduced along with the increase of the Cu content. In order to ensure comprehensive performance, relatively excellent yield strength and surface quality are required, so that the addition amount of the Cu element is controlled within the content range.
In this embodiment, the Fe element and the Zn element are used as transition group elements to strengthen the matrix and the grain boundary, so that the al-si-mg cast aluminum alloy has excellent high-temperature comprehensive mechanical properties. However, if the Fe content exceeds a predetermined value, the plasticity of the shaped material is deteriorated, and corrosion is likely to occur. The improvement of the strength of the aluminum alloy by independently adding the Zn element is very limited, and meanwhile, the stress corrosion cracking tendency exists, but the Zn element and the Mg element can form a strengthening phase, so that the coarse grain length can be reduced.
MnAl is formed with metallic Al by adding Mn in the present example6Metallic compound, macromolecular group MnAl during hot extrusion deformation6The deformation resistance of the aluminum matrix is increased, and Mn element plays a pinning role, so that the uneven deformation degree of the aluminum alloy bar is reduced. Meanwhile, in the solid solution process of the aluminum alloy cast rod, MnAl6The precipitates are separated out in a dispersed particle state and are aggregated on the grain boundary of the crystal grains, and the precipitates of the dispersed particles play a main role in multilateralization and stabilization of a substructure, so that the nucleation rate and the growth rate of crystal nuclei are reduced, the recrystallization temperature is increased, and the growth and aggregation of the crystal grains are hindered. In addition, the melting point of the Mn element is higher than that of the Cu element, the Mn element also plays a harmful role in neutralizing the Fe element in the cast aluminum alloy, so that the Fe element only plays a positive role, namely the role in improving the high-temperature performance, and therefore the proportion of the Fe element and the Mn element is also an important reference parameter for selecting the content of the Mn element.
2) And extruding the cast rod: the horizontal extruder is selected and is suitable for vehicle forged bars with the diameter phi of 30 mm-50 mm.
In this embodiment, according to the rod of different specifications, adopt three hole reposition of redundant personnel moulds, can effectual reduction rod product's extrusion ratio, and extrusion ratio coefficient control is between 10-15, and the extruder specification can select 20MN-5500MN according to the extrusion rod diameter to at the extrusion in-process, reduced the deformation volume of reality, reduced the deformation energy storage of rod product simultaneously, very big reduction the scope and the size that the coarse grain produced. Meanwhile, as the range of coarse crystal generation is reduced, the head and tail waste material areas are synchronously reduced, the head and tail cutting amount is also reduced, and the yield of products is increased.
The extrusion process parameters in this example were set as: the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is controlled to be 480 +/-20 ℃, the temperature of a die is controlled to be 480-510 ℃, the temperature of an extruded ingot is controlled to be 490-510 ℃, the temperature of a bar outlet is controlled to be 480-500 ℃, and the extrusion speed is controlled to be 6 +/-1 m/min. Therefore, the reasonable control of each process parameter can ensure the production continuity and the production efficiency to the maximum extent, and simultaneously avoid the generation of coarse crystals.
3) And online quenching: after extrusion is finished, the bar needs to be quenched and cooled on line through a specific porous quenching device, and the cooling mode is water cooling, so that the temperature of the product can be quickly reduced, the bar is guaranteed to be out of a quenching area, the temperature is less than 50 ℃, subsequent stretching and straightening are facilitated, and the production efficiency is increased.
4) And sawing: and sawing the quenched bar product through the finished product to form an independent finished product.
5) And stretching: and (3) stretching the bar product by the set stretching coefficient, wherein the stretching coefficient is 0.5-1.0%.
6) Cutting off waste materials at the head and the tail: and cutting off waste materials at the head and the tail of the stretched bar product, and then cutting a sample with the head and the tail length being 50mm at low times for low-time inspection.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the automobile aluminum alloy bar which is prepared by adopting the processing method of the automobile aluminum alloy bar. The processing method of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle can effectively reduce the surface coarse grains of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle, all performance indexes of a final bar product are higher than standard requirements, and the coarse grain qualification rate of the bar product in the macroscopic inspection is more than or equal to 95%, so that the yield of the bar product is improved to more than 70%.
Specifically, the compositions and mass percentages of the aluminum materials of examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1 below.
Table 1: compositions and mass percents of aluminum alloys of examples 1-3
Example 1:
the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle is prepared by the following processing method:
raw materials were prepared according to the alloy element composition of the aluminum alloy of example 1 in the above table, and were melted and cast into cast rods. And then, extruding the cast rod by adopting a three-hole shunting die, controlling the extrusion ratio coefficient to be 11, and setting the extrusion technological parameters as follows: the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is controlled to be 470 ℃, the temperature of a die is controlled to be 490 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion ingot is controlled to be 490 ℃, the temperature of a bar outlet is controlled to be 480 ℃, and the extrusion speed is controlled to be 5 m/min. After extrusion is finished, the bar needs to be subjected to on-line quenching and cooling by a specific porous quenching device, the cooling mode is water cooling, and the temperature of a product is less than 50 ℃; sawing the quenched bar product by a finished product to form an independent finished product, and stretching the bar product by a set stretching coefficient, wherein the stretching coefficient is 0.6%; and finally, cutting off the head and tail waste materials of the stretched bar product, and performing macroscopic inspection on a macroscopic 50mm long sample to obtain a final automotive aluminum alloy bar product.
The existing production technology of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle adopts single-hole production, has large extrusion ratio, slow extrusion speed, more low-power coarse crystals of the product, longer head and tail waste materials and yield less than 50 percent. The problems can be fundamentally solved by adopting a new porous extrusion production process, and the three-hole die is designed for products with different rod diameters, so that the extrusion ratio is greatly reduced, the deformation of the products is reduced, the distortion energy storage is dispersed, and the area formed by coarse crystals is shallow; meanwhile, the length of the head and tail waste materials can be effectively reduced through porous production, and the yield of products is improved. The energy efficiency and the production cost are reduced, and the production efficiency is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the qualification rate of the product is ensured, the subsequent detection process is avoided, and the consumption of manpower, material resources and energy is saved.
Example 2:
this example shows an aluminum alloy bar for a vehicle, which is processed by the same method as the example 1 except that in the example, the aluminum alloy composition of example 2 in table 1 includes: si: 1.0%, Mg: 0.9%, Mn: 0.7 percent; controlling the extrusion ratio to be 13, controlling the temperature of an extrusion cylinder to be 490 ℃, controlling the temperature of a die to be 490 ℃, controlling the temperature of an extrusion cast ingot to be 500 ℃, controlling the temperature of a bar outlet to be 490 ℃, controlling the extrusion speed to be 6m/min, and controlling the tensile coefficient to be 0.7 percent to obtain the final automotive aluminum alloy bar product.
Example 3:
this example shows an aluminum alloy bar for a vehicle, which is processed by the same method as the example 1 except that in the example, the aluminum alloy composition of example 3 in table 1 includes: si: 1.2%, Mg: 1.0%, Mn: 0.9 percent; controlling the extrusion ratio to be 15, controlling the temperature of an extrusion cylinder to be 500 ℃, controlling the temperature of a die to be 500 ℃, controlling the temperature of an extrusion cast ingot to be 510 ℃, controlling the temperature of a bar outlet to be 500 ℃, controlling the extrusion speed to be 7m/min, and controlling the tensile coefficient to be 0.9 percent to obtain the final automotive aluminum alloy bar product.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A processing method of an aluminum alloy bar for a vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the components by mass percentage are as follows: si: 0.7-1.3%, Mg: 0.6-1.2%, Mn: 0.4-1.0%, Cu 0.1%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al, and preparing and casting the materials into a casting rod;
and (3) sequentially extruding the cast rod, quenching on line, sawing, stretching and cutting off head and tail waste materials, extruding by adopting a porous flow distribution die during extrusion, and controlling the extrusion ratio to be 10-15.
2. The processing method of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy bar comprises the following components by mass percent: si: 0.7-0.9%, Mg: 0.6-0.8%, Mn: 0.4-0.6%, 0.1% of Cu, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al; the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 10-12.
3. The processing method of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy bar comprises the following components by mass percent: the components by mass percentage are as follows: si: 1.1-1.3%, Mg: 1.0-1.2%, Mn: 0.8-1.0%, 0.1% of Cu, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al; the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 14-15.
4. The processing method of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy bar comprises the following components by mass percent: the components by mass percentage are as follows: si: 1.0%, Mg: 0.9%, Mn: 0.7%, Cu 0.1%, Fe: less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity element in other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of impurity elements and the balance of Al; the extrusion ratio was controlled to 13.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-hole split die is a three-hole split die and is cooled by liquid nitrogen during extrusion.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the extrusion speed is 6 ± 1m/min, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 480 ± 20 ℃, the temperature of the die is 490 ± 20 ℃, the temperature of the casting bar is 500 ± 10 ℃, and the temperature of the product outlet is 490 ± 10 ℃.
7. The processing method of the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein the on-line quenching employs water cooling, and the temperature of the product after quenching is less than 50 ℃.
8. The method of processing an aluminum alloy bar for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein a drawing factor in drawing is 0.5 to 1.0%.
9. The aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle is characterized by being prepared by the method for processing the aluminum alloy bar for the vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the coarse grain qualification rate of the bar in the macroscopic examination is more than or equal to 95%.
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