CN102400068A - Non-isothermal aging (NIA) process of 7XXX aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Non-isothermal aging (NIA) process of 7XXX aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102400068A CN102400068A CN2011103769642A CN201110376964A CN102400068A CN 102400068 A CN102400068 A CN 102400068A CN 2011103769642 A CN2011103769642 A CN 2011103769642A CN 201110376964 A CN201110376964 A CN 201110376964A CN 102400068 A CN102400068 A CN 102400068A
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-isothermal aging (NIA) process of 7XXX aluminum alloy. Aiming at the requirements of large-size and high-performance aluminum alloy member aging treatment, system study and development of an NIA technology is carried out. The aging process is mainly characterized in that aluminum alloy aging treatment is completed in a continuous temperature change process, and in such a process, the NIA process comprises one or two continuous temperature change intervals with different heating and cooling rates and different starting points; and through reasonable collocation of different intervals, reasonable performance control is realized, and finally the performance requirement of a material/member is met. The NIA process can be used for greatly shortening the process time, reducing the energy consumption and corresponding to the development requirements of the modern thermal treatment technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of non-isothermal aging technique of 7XXX line aluminium alloy, belongs to metallic substance heat treatment technics field.
Background information
It is the basis that the precipitation hardenable duraluminum obtains good over-all properties that timeliness is separated out, and its research is gone through development in 100 years and obtained great achievement.For technology controlling and process is prone to control, traditional ageing treatment all adopts isothermal process, and promptly duraluminum is incubated certain hour and realizes the reinforcement of alloy to obtain size, shape and the suitable precipitated phase of character under a certain or certain several constant temp after solid solution.
This type aging technique shows certain limitation aspect organizational controls, be difficult to satisfy the requirement that the duraluminum over-all properties is optimized.Especially, when timeliness process application during in large-scale component, the limitation of traditional aging technique becomes increasingly conspicuous.The existing isothermal aging technology (comprising multistage aging technology) that extensively adopts at first, at present shows certain limitation aspect organizational controls.For example, temperature in the single-stage isothermal aging is in case confirm that then organizational parameter such as matrix degree of supersaturation, precipitated phase form can only be controlled through the variation of aging time.Also this disappears often that is long for single, the poor controllability of differentiation direction of precipitated phase, corresponding performance change.The proposition of multistage aging such as T7x, RRA technology has partly solved this problem, but the limitation of the adjustable narrow range of isothermal aging process heat mechanics parameter still is difficult to eliminate.In addition; When large-size components is carried out ageing treatment; Because heating/cooling fast is difficult to realize; Therefore member certainly will experience the non-isothermal process of slow cooling/slow heat and have the temperature contrast of different positions, therefore handles with traditional isothermal aging technology to occur defectives such as performance is wayward, top layer/heart portion performance difference is remarkable in the member easily, influences the military service performance of material and member.
Along with the fast development with " whole make " technical concept of large-scale component alternative combinations structure, the large aluminum alloy member is increasingly extensive in the Aeronautics and Astronautics Industrial Application.At this moment, be difficult to meet design requirement with traditional these members of isothermal aging art breading.Therefore, the aging treatment process of development of new, fully excavate the potential of alloy, for the structure property control of optimizing large-scale component, the application of expanding the large aluminum alloy member has the important project meaning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed against the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art existence just and designs the non-isothermal aging technique that the 7XXX line aluminium alloy is provided; This aging technique is the requirement to large-sized aluminium alloy member ageing treatment, and purpose is to strengthen the organizational controls of large-size components, fully excavate potential, the compatible slow cooling-heat transfer process of 7xxx duraluminum and improve the efficient of thermal treatment process.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
The non-isothermal aging technique of this kind 7XXX line aluminium alloy is characterized in that: this aging technique is one of non-isothermal process of following continuous heating and cooling:
(1). slow heating+air cooling;
(2). rapid heating+slow heating+air cooling;
(3). slowly heating+slowly cooling;
(4). rapid heating+slowly cooling;
In the said process, heating rate R
hAdjustable in 5～250 ℃/h scope, work as R
hBe defined as slow heating during≤25 ℃/h, work as R
hBe defined as rapid heating during＞25 ℃/h;
In the said process, as rate of cooling R
cDuring≤25 ℃/h, be defined as slow cooling, air cooling is to compare the type of cooling faster with slow cooling;
In the said process, slowly the heating starting point of heating and rapid heating is T
H-sIt is 20～120 ℃;
In the said process, slow refrigerative starting point T
C-sIt is 170～200 ℃;
In the said process, slowly the top temperature of the heating of heating and rapid heating is 185～220 ℃.
This aging technique need carry out solid solution-quench treatment to aluminum alloy materials or member before implementing; Solid solution-quenching method is consistent with traditional technology.The principal feature of this aging technique is in temperature continually varying process, to accomplish the ageing treatment of duraluminum; In this process; The non-isothermal aging technique comprises the continuous alternating temperature interval that one or two liter, rate of cooling and starting point have nothing in common with each other; Through the reasonable control of different interval reasonably combined realization performances, and finally satisfy the performance requriements of material/member.But this aging technique not only reinforced aluminium alloy weave construction control, give full play to the potential of duraluminum, and inherent non-isothermal process in can well compatible large-scale component ageing treatment process is fit to the ageing treatment of large-sized aluminium alloy member very much.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of four kinds of typical non-isothermal aging techniques
Among the figure, a) permanent heating rate heating, b) slow back rapid heating timeliness earlier c) slowly adds thermal life, d) rapid heating+slowly cooling after fast earlier;
Fig. 2 is the slowly variation of 7A85 aluminum alloy hardness and specific conductivity in the heating ag(e)ing process
Among the figure, (a) being hardness-time curve, (b) is specific conductivity-temperature curve
Fig. 3 slowly heats the variation of 7A85 Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys in the ag(e)ing process
Fig. 4 slowly heats+the slowly variation of 7A85 aluminum alloy hardness and specific conductivity in the process of cooling
Fig. 5 slowly heats+the slowly variation of 7A85 Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys in the process of cooling
Fig. 6 rapid heating+slowly cool off in the timeliness process of cooling 7A85 alloy rigidity and specific conductivity develop
Fig. 7 rapid heating+slowly cool off variation of 7A85 Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys in the timeliness
The contrast of Fig. 8 non-isothermal aging state 7A85 alloy and 7A85-T74 salient features
Among the figure, (a) mechanical property contrast; (b) specific conductivity and process time
Concrete embodiment
Effect technique carries out more careful description during to non-isothermal below in conjunction with specific examples:
(1) embodiment 1
The 7A85 duraluminum slowly heats ageing treatment
Solid solution-quenching attitude 7A85 duraluminum is put in the temperature programmed control air dry oven and heated ageing treatment.Select heating starting temperature T respectively
H-sBe 20 ℃ and 120 ℃, fixed heated speed R
hBe 10 ℃/h, be heated to 220 ℃, the air cooling of coming out of the stove afterwards.Heating rate is controlled by the temperature control system of loft drier self automatically in the whole process.Interruption ag(e)ing process, taking-up alloy have been surveyed its hardness, specific conductivity and intensity when being heated to differing temps; Wherein the result of hardness and strength test has directly reflected the mechanical property of alloy and specific conductivity can reflect the corrosion resistance nature of alloy indirectly.Shown in Figure 2 is the result of hardness, specific conductivity test, and shown in Figure 3 be R
hBe that 20 ℃/h records the Strength Changes curve.
Thus it is clear that, after the hardness of the process interalloy that adds thermal life is elevated to peak value gradually with temperature, reduce rapidly again; The specific conductivity of alloy presents linear feature basically along with the rising of temperature continues to raise.Intensity curve shown in Figure 3 shows that the intensity of alloy has also experienced with the temperature rising and raise gradually back two stages of rapid reduction earlier, and when temperature was elevated to 180 ℃ of left and right sides, alloy arrived peak timeliness state; Temperature is elevated to 200 ℃, and alloy gets into overaging state.When adding thermal life to 200 ℃, the typical performance of alloy is σ
s=474～485MPa, σ
b=510～523MPa, δ=13%, λ=40～41.2% IACS;
The experiment of system shows, can under very big process window, regulate and control the performance of heating aged aluminum alloy through the Collaborative Control of starting temperature and heating rate.
(2) embodiment 2
The slow heating of 7A85 duraluminum-slowly cool off aging technique
7A85 duraluminum after solution hardening handled is put into and is carried out ageing treatment in the temperature programmed control air dry oven.Select 100 ℃ of heating starting temperatures respectively, fixed heated speed is 20 ℃/h, slowly cools to 100 ℃ with the speed of 20 ℃/h after being heated to 185 ℃; The air cooling of coming out of the stove afterwards.
Liter/rate of cooling is controlled by the temperature control system of loft drier self automatically in the whole process.Interruption ag(e)ing process, taking-up alloy have been surveyed its hardness, specific conductivity and intensity when differing temps.The variation of ag(e)ing process interalloy hardness, specific conductivity changes as shown in Figure 4, and the variation of alloy strength is as shown in Figure 5.Can know by Fig. 4, test shows, in the slow refrigerative process, alloy rigidity and specific conductivity have all experienced the process of slow rising after heating.On intensity shown in Figure 5, plasticity curve, can observe the rising of process of cooling interalloy intensity equally; Especially, when process of cooling interalloy intensity raise, plasticity also had significant lifting.The secondary that takes place in the appearance of this phenomenon and the slow process of cooling interalloy is separated out closely related.Thereby secondary is separated out and has been formed on the one hand the intensity that alloy bunch has improved in a large amount of very tiny groups; Fully the separating out and exhausted the matrix alloy element of process of cooling interalloy element on the other hand raises the specific conductivity of alloy, corrosion resistance nature improves.
Through slowly heating+slow process for cooling ageing treatment, the 7A85 alloy is comprehensively good, works as with the 7A85-T74 alloy phase.Wherein, σ
0.2=552MPa, σ
b=530MPa, δ=14.9%, specific conductivity is 38.5%IACS; And 8.5 hours only consuming time of this technology is less than 10 hours of T74 technology.The systematic comparison of over-all properties that obtains under this technology and 7A85-T74 alloy property is as shown in Figure 8.
The experiment of system shows that through the Collaborative Control that rises rate of cooling and rise the cooling starting temperature, aging technique slowly heat-is slowly cooled off in employing can realize meticulous control and acquisition good comprehensive performances to alloy structure under very wide process window.In view of slow cooling, slow thermal process are difficult to avoid in the heat treatment process of large-scale component,, slow cooling-heat exchange aging technique is worth so having the feasibility and the important engineering of height.
(3) implement real 3
The rapid heating of 7A85 duraluminum-slowly cool off aging technique
The temperature of drying baker is elevated to after 190 ℃, and the 7A85 duraluminum after solution hardening is handled is put into and is carried out ageing treatment in the temperature programmed control air dry oven.Sample puts into that temperature is elevated to about 190 ℃ rapidly after the drying baker, gradually is reduced to 100 ℃ with the rate of cooling of 10 ℃/h from 195 ℃ with the time variable control furnace temperature afterwards; The air cooling of coming out of the stove afterwards.
Liter/rate of cooling is controlled by the temperature control system of loft drier self automatically in the whole process.Interruption ag(e)ing process, taking-up alloy have been surveyed its hardness, specific conductivity and intensity when differing temps.The variation of ag(e)ing process interalloy hardness, specific conductivity changes as shown in Figure 6, and the variation of alloy strength is as shown in Figure 7.Can know by Fig. 6, test shows, in slow refrigerative process, alloy rigidity and specific conductivity have all experienced the process of slow rising.On intensity shown in Figure 7, plasticity curve, can observe the rising of process of cooling interalloy intensity equally; In this process interalloy plasticity small decline is arranged.With above-mentioned slow heating-slowly process for cooling is similar, in rapid heating-slow process of cooling, the secondary that takes place in the same and slow process of cooling interalloy of the variation of alloy mechanical performance is separated out closely related.
Test shows, through rapid heating+slowly process for cooling processing, the 7A85 alloy property significantly is superior to the 7A85-T74 alloy.Wherein, σ
0.2=531MPa, σ
b=554MPa, δ=13.5%, specific conductivity is 39.6%IACS; And only 4.5 hours consuming time of this technology is less than 10 hours of T74 technology far away.The systematic comparison of over-all properties that obtains under this technology and 7A85-T74 alloy property is as shown in Figure 8.
Visible through performance comparison result shown in Figure 8, through two kinds of aging treatment process of slow heating-slowly cooling, rapid heating-slowly cool off all can obtain with the T74 attitude quite or more excellent over-all properties; Especially, these two types of technologies are all well compatible slow cooling, slow thermal process, and than T74 technology save time, energy-conservation.It is thus clear that rapid heating-slowly process for cooling has fully excavated alloy potential on the one hand, obtained high-strength, high-ductility, high anti-corrosion good over-all properties, and simplified process step significantly, reduced the process time, have good overall characteristic.Quick, meticulous regulation and control through to rapid heating, slowly cool off the meticulous control in two stages, can be realized by the heterogeneous microstructure to alloy in systematic study outside this example surface in very big process window, thereby and obtain good comprehensive performances.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of technical scheme of the present invention is:
(1) compare with traditional T74 thermal treatment process, the non-isothermal aging technique is guaranteeing alloy property quite or under the more excellent prerequisite, more save time, energy-conservation, and technological operation is easy.
(2) duraluminum non-isothermal timeliness technical organization control meticulous, be easy to combine with actual production, process window is broad; It is developed as compatible large-scale component inherent slow cooling-heat transfer process, the good comprehensive military service performance of acquisition provides effective solution, is even more important to requiring large-scale component aviation/space industry made in one piece.
Claims (1)
1. the non-isothermal aging technique of a 7XXX line aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that: this aging technique is one of non-isothermal process of following continuous heating and cooling:
(1). slow heating+air cooling;
(2). rapid heating+slow heating+air cooling;
(3). slowly heating+slowly cooling;
(4). rapid heating+slowly cooling;
In the said process, heating rate R
hAdjustable in 5～250 ℃/h scope, work as R
hBe defined as slow heating during≤25 ℃/h, work as R
hBe defined as rapid heating during＞25 ℃/h;
In the said process, as rate of cooling R
cDuring≤25 ℃/h, be defined as slow cooling, air cooling is to compare the type of cooling faster with slow cooling;
In the said process, slowly the heating starting point of heating and rapid heating is T
H-sBe 20～120 ℃:
In the said process, slow refrigerative starting point T
C-sIt is 170～200 ℃;
In the said process, slowly the top temperature of the heating of heating and rapid heating is 185～220 ℃.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111676431A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-18 | 中南大学 | Two-stage continuous aging treatment method for aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN114717494A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 华南理工大学 | 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115261750A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-01 | 广东豪美技术创新研究院有限公司 | Aging heat treatment method of 7-series aluminum alloy |
| CN115433889A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-06 | 沈阳工业大学 | Intermittent non-isothermal aging treatment process for aluminum alloy |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101638761A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-02-03 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Accelerated solution treatment process for aluminum alloys |
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2011
- 2011-11-22 CN CN2011103769642A patent/CN102400068A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101638761A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-02-03 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Accelerated solution treatment process for aluminum alloys |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技I辑》 20110515 唐秋菊 "7A85铝合金降温时效工艺的研究" 第B022-74页 1 , 第05期 * |
| 唐秋菊: ""7A85铝合金降温时效工艺的研究"", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技I辑》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111676431A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-18 | 中南大学 | Two-stage continuous aging treatment method for aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN111676431B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-06-07 | 中南大学 | Two-stage continuous aging treatment method for aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN114717494A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 华南理工大学 | 6082 aluminum alloy extruded material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115261750A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-01 | 广东豪美技术创新研究院有限公司 | Aging heat treatment method of 7-series aluminum alloy |
| CN115433889A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-06 | 沈阳工业大学 | Intermittent non-isothermal aging treatment process for aluminum alloy |
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Application publication date: 20120404 |