CN106521121B - A kind of heat treatment method of high-temperature alloy steel - Google Patents
A kind of heat treatment method of high-temperature alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106521121B CN106521121B CN201611000185.1A CN201611000185A CN106521121B CN 106521121 B CN106521121 B CN 106521121B CN 201611000185 A CN201611000185 A CN 201611000185A CN 106521121 B CN106521121 B CN 106521121B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 29
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of alloy steel, and in particular to a kind of heat treatment method of high-temperature alloy steel.The method of the present invention includes: a, high temperature diffusion annealing technique: air-cooled by high-temperature alloyed steel ingot in 1150 ± 10 DEG C of 22~26h of heating, then at 1190 ± 10 DEG C after 70~74h of heating;B, pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 950 ± 10 DEG C, air-cooled after keeping the temperature 0.5~1.5h;C, higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature be 910 ± 10 DEG C, heat preservation 18~for 24 hours after, it is air-cooled;It reheats, heating temperature is 960 ± 10 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~2h, air-cooled;D, low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 710 ± 10 DEG C, cools to 610 ± 10 DEG C with the furnace after 7~10h of heat preservation with the speed of 50~60 DEG C/h, then keep the temperature 7~10h, air-cooled, obtains forging.A kind of GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel heat treatment method of the invention, heat pre-treatment, higher temperature solid solution and low temperature aging handle system of heat treatment process after forging, obtain preferable high-temp plastic and creep resistant service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of alloy steel, and in particular to a kind of heat treatment method of high-temperature alloy steel.
Background technique
The annual output of GH4169 alloy accounts for the 45% of wrought superalloy total output, is the maximum high temperature alloy of current production rate
One of.GH4169 alloy is a kind of precipitation hardenable Fe Ni matrix high temperature alloy that niobium is strengthened, which has high-strength at high temperature
Degree, high fatigue property and good plasticity, are therefore widely used in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, nuclear energy and petroleum.It is domestic general
It is the part that turbine disk one kind of this material is produced by dydraulic forging and hammering two kinds of techniques of forging.
The strengthening mechanism of high temperature alloy mainly has two class of solution strengthening and precipitation strength, the heat treatment mode of GH4169 alloy
Also it is mainly made of solution treatment and ageing treatment two parts.And different heat treatment process can grain size to alloy, strong
Precipitating or dissolution, the precipitation quantity and particle size even grain boundary state for changing phase have an impact.Since the price of the alloy is suitable
Valuableness, in order to guarantee the tissue of workpiece and the stabilization of performance, heat treatment process is typically chosen vacuum heat treatment.Since vacuum drying oven exists
Heat transfer under vacuum state is single radiant heat transfer, and the heating in vacuum atmosphere has other media (atmosphere, controllable gas
Atmosphere, salt bath) the characteristics of can not having is heated, the selection of technological parameter also has particularity.
Many scholars had studied influence of the different heat treatment to GH4169 alloy hot behavior.The result shows that heat
The δ phase content being precipitated in treatment process is different with the difference of heat treatment process, and the resistance of deformation of alloy is with the increase of δ phase
And reduce, the δ phase for being present in crystal boundary is conducive to recrystallization in thermal deformation process, and the δ phase in crystal boundary then hinders its nucleation process.
As domestic turbine disk material, practical service condition is usually under 650 DEG C of operating condition, at such a temperature to its fatigability
Can be carried out research has more practical engineering significance.At the same time, most of for the research of GH4169 alloy low-cycle fatigue
Scholar is the influence for studying temperature, frequency etc. to the mechanical property of material, about mutually under high temperature environment to alloy fatigue row
For influence be rarely reported.
Publication No. " CN105695703A ", it is entitled " a kind of mold steel heat treatment process ", disclose one kind
The two direct heat-treatment technology methods of fire of the conditioning treatment of 7Cr7Mo2V2Si high-strength toughness cold working die steel and quenching and tempering,
From the point of view of the parameter of introduction, some effects only are promoted to the hardness of the mould steel and wearability value, but be extremely difficult to high temperature alloy
Heat treatment process is substantially without reference value.
" GH4169 alloy components vacuum aging numerical simulation ", metal heat treatmet, disclose pair the 1st phase of volume 31
The simulation of GH4169 alloy components vacuum aging process temperature field calculates, and carries out simple authentication, but does not provide alloy solid solution processing
With the technological parameters such as the suitable temperature of ageing treatment.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the forms and distribution of precipitated phase in a kind of changeable alloy, and change
The form of crystal boundary in kind alloy, and then achieve the purpose that improve alloy mechanical property, improve the heat of steel alloy high temperature life
Processing method.
A kind of heat treatment method of high-temperature alloy steel of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A, high temperature diffusion annealing technique: by high-temperature alloyed steel ingot in 1150 ± 10 DEG C of 22~26h of heating, then 1190 ± 10
It is air-cooled after heating 70~74h at DEG C;
B, pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 950 ± 10 DEG C, air-cooled after keeping the temperature 0.5~1.5h;
C, higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature be 910 ± 10 DEG C, heat preservation 18~for 24 hours after, it is air-cooled;It reheats, heating temperature
It is 960 ± 10 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~2h, it is air-cooled;
D, low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 710 ± 10 DEG C, and control is after keeping the temperature 7~10h with the speed of 50~60 DEG C/h
It cools to 610 ± 10 DEG C with the furnace, then keeps the temperature 7~10h, then is air-cooled, obtain forging finished product.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel wherein exists high-temperature alloyed steel ingot in a step
1150 DEG C are heated for 24 hours, then at 1190 DEG C after heating 72h, air-cooled.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein heating temperature is 960 DEG C in b step, is protected
It is air-cooled after warm 1h.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein heating temperature is 900 DEG C in step c, is protected
It is air-cooled after warm 22h;It reheats, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, air-cooled after heat preservation 1.5h.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein heating temperature is 720 DEG C in Step d, is protected
620 DEG C are cooled to the furnace with the speed of 50 DEG C/h after warm 8h, then keep the temperature 8h, it is last air-cooled.
The heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein the final crystal grain rank for obtaining forging is 8.0~8.6
Grade.
A kind of heat treatment method of above-mentioned high-temperature alloy steel, obtained forging under 650 DEG C, the creep condition of 720MPa,
Creep life is 182h.
A kind of GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel heat treatment method of the invention, heat pre-treatment after forging, higher temperature solid solution and
Low temperature aging handles system of heat treatment process, obtains preferable high-temp plastic and creep resistant service life.
Specific embodiment
Forging of the present invention passes through large-scale electric furnace heating, and temperature is controlled by temperature controller, passes through thermocouple sensor
The temperature spot for measuring forging each 4 different locations on furnace wall two sides, upper and lower surface is 24 total, is transmitted on temperature transmitter
It realizes feedback control, ensures the uniformity of temperature rise in furnace.Ingot casting is through cogging, the alloy forged piece being forged into, GH4169 high of the present invention
Temperature alloy steel forgings thermal treatment process technology scheme the following steps are included:
A, high temperature diffusion annealing technique: by high-temperature alloyed steel ingot in 1150 ± 10 DEG C of 22~26h of heating, then 1190 ± 10
It is air-cooled after heating 70~74h at DEG C;
B, pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 950 ± 10 DEG C, air-cooled after keeping the temperature 0.5~1.5h;
C, higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature be 910 ± 10 DEG C, heat preservation 18~for 24 hours after, it is air-cooled;It reheats, heating temperature
It is 960 ± 10 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1~2h, it is air-cooled;
D, low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 710 ± 10 DEG C, and control is after keeping the temperature 7~10h with the speed of 50~60 DEG C/h
610 ± 10 DEG C are cooled to furnace, then keeps the temperature 7~10h, it is air-cooled, obtain forging.
For high temperature alloy ingot, it can all make a part of element segregation or precipitation after each heating, it is air-cooled after being mutually dissolved
Temperature drop speed is slower, is conducive to subsequent uniform diffusion, so that tissue tended to be uniform, eliminated segregation, other type of cooling cooling velocities are inclined
Greatly, room temperature or non-scald on hand are air-cooled to.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel wherein exists high-temperature alloyed steel ingot in a step
1150 DEG C are heated for 24 hours, then at 1190 DEG C after heating 72h, air-cooled.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein heating temperature is 960 DEG C in b step, is protected
It is air-cooled after warm 1h.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein heating temperature is 900 DEG C in step c, is protected
It is air-cooled after warm 22h;It reheats, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, air-cooled after heat preservation 1.5h.
Further, the heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein heating temperature is 720 DEG C in Step d, is protected
620 DEG C are cooled to the furnace with the speed of 50 DEG C/h after warm 8h, then keeps the temperature 8h, then are air-cooled to room temperature.
The heat treatment method of above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature alloy steel, wherein the final crystal grain rank for obtaining forging is 8.0~8.6
Grade.
A kind of heat treatment method of above-mentioned high-temperature alloy steel, obtained forging under 650 DEG C, the creep condition of 720MPa,
Creep life is 182h.
The present invention is by taking after suitable forging at heat pre-treatment, higher temperature solid solution and low temperature aging high temperature alloy
System of heat treatment process is managed, the γ ' of uneven distribution in nickel-base alloy mutually all or part of dissolution is reduced to the maximum extent
γ/γ ' two-phase eutectic content, spreads element sufficiently, the chemical component of equal alloy, reduces component segregation, and adjust
Quantity, form and the distribution of γ ' precipitated phase in integration gold, achieve the purpose that improve alloy property.By ageing treatment, make its from
Tiny γ ' and γ " phase are precipitated in supersaturated solid solution, sufficiently to improve the room temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature of alloy.Simultaneously again
Ageing treatment makes it that tiny γ ' and γ " phase sufficiently be precipitated from supersaturated solid solution, to improve the room temperature and high temperature of alloy
Mechanical property makes alloy have longer creep life, can greatly improve product encashment ratio and user satisfaction, has and is climbing length
The market prospects that other high temperature alloy heat treated articles of steel and domestic pharmaceutical industry industry promote and apply.
A specific embodiment of the invention is further described below with reference to embodiment, is not therefore limited the present invention
System is among the embodiment described range.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind ofThe GH4169 high-temperature alloyed steel ingot of size is through high temperature diffusion annealing technique are as follows: 1150 ± 10
DEG C, heat preservation for 24 hours, then at 1190 ± 10 DEG C keep the temperature 72h after it is air-cooled, by 7 passages it is upset and pulling heat processing technique after, it is upset
It arrivesCake, subsequent heat treatment technique comprise the steps of:
(1) pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 960 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, air-cooled;
(2) higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature is 900 DEG C, keeps the temperature 22h, air-cooled;It reheating, heating temperature is 950 DEG C,
1.5h is kept the temperature, it is air-cooled;
(3) low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 720 DEG C, keeps the temperature 8h, with 50 DEG C/h speed with being furnace-cooled to 620 DEG C, then is protected
Warm 8h, it is air-cooled.
The final crystal grain rank of forging is 8.5 grades;
Forging carries out the low all creep-fatigue experimental tests of high temperature, creep life 650 DEG C under creep condition, under 720MPa
182h。
Embodiment 2
It is a kind ofThe GH4169 high-temperature alloyed steel ingot of size is through high temperature diffusion annealing technique are as follows: 1150 ± 10
It is air-cooled after being kept the temperature for 24 hours at DEG C, then in 1190 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 72h, it is upset after 7 passages are upset and pulling heat processing technique
It arrivesCake, subsequent heat treatment technique comprise the steps of:
(1) pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 950 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, air-cooled;
(2) higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature is 910 DEG C, and heat preservation is for 24 hours, air-cooled, is reheated, and heating temperature is 960 DEG C,
2h is kept the temperature, it is air-cooled;
(3) low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 710 DEG C, keeps the temperature 9h, with 60 DEG C/h speed with being furnace-cooled to 610 DEG C, then is protected
Warm 9h, it is air-cooled.
The final crystal grain rank of forging is 8.2 grades;
Forging carries out the low all creep-fatigue experimental tests of high temperature, creep life 650 DEG C under creep condition, under 720MPa
180h。
Embodiment 3
It is a kind ofThe GH4169 high-temperature alloyed steel ingot of size is through high temperature diffusion annealing technique are as follows: 1150 ± 10
It is air-cooled after being kept the temperature for 24 hours at DEG C, then in 1190 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 72h, it is upset after 7 passages are upset and pulling heat processing technique
It arrivesCake, subsequent heat treatment technique comprise the steps of:
(1) pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 940 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, air-cooled;
(2) higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature is 920 DEG C, keeps the temperature 18h, air-cooled, is reheated, and heating temperature is 970 DEG C,
1h is kept the temperature, it is air-cooled;
(3) low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 10h, with 55 DEG C/h speed with being furnace-cooled to 600 DEG C, then
7h is kept the temperature, it is air-cooled.
The final crystal grain rank of forging is 8.4 grades;
Forging carries out the low all creep-fatigue experimental tests of high temperature, creep life 650 DEG C under creep condition, under 720MPa
181h。
Comparative example 1
It is a kind ofThe GH4169 high-temperature alloyed steel ingot of size is through high temperature diffusion annealing technique are as follows: 1190 ± 10
It is air-cooled after heat preservation 48h at DEG C, it is upset to arrive after 7 passages are upset and pull out heat processing techniqueCake, subsequent thermal
Treatment process comprises the steps of:
(1) pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 940 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1h, air-cooled;
(2) higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature is 920 DEG C, keeps the temperature 12h, air-cooled, is reheated, and heating temperature is 970 DEG C,
1h is kept the temperature, it is air-cooled;
(3) low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 7h, with 55 DEG C/h speed with being furnace-cooled to 600 DEG C, then is protected
Warm 5h, it is air-cooled.
The final crystal grain rank of forging is 7 grades, and still with the presence of a small number of mixed crystal;
Forging products carry out the low all creep-fatigue experimental tests of high temperature, creep life 54h at 650 DEG C, 720MPa.It is right
It is seen than embodiment, original process (1 technique of comparative example) show annealing and follow-up heat treatment process is insufficient.
Claims (7)
1.GH4169 the heat treatment method of high-temperature alloy steel, which comprises the following steps:
A, high temperature diffusion annealing technique: by high-temperature alloyed steel ingot in 1150 ± 10 DEG C of 22~26h of heating, then at 1190 ± 10 DEG C
It is air-cooled after heating 70~74h;
B, pre-process after forging: heating temperature is 950 ± 10 DEG C, air-cooled after keeping the temperature 0.5~1.5h;
C, higher temperature solid solution: heating temperature be 910 ± 10 DEG C, heat preservation 18~for 24 hours after, it is air-cooled;It reheats, heating temperature is
960 ± 10 DEG C, 1~2h is kept the temperature, it is air-cooled;
D, low temperature aging is handled: heating temperature is 710 ± 10 DEG C, is controlled after keeping the temperature 7~10h with the speed of 50~60 DEG C/h with furnace
It is cooled to 610 ± 10 DEG C together, then keeps the temperature 7~10h, it is air-cooled, obtain forging finished product.
2. the heat treatment method of GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by high temperature in a step
Alloy steel ingot heats for 24 hours, then at 1190 DEG C after heating 72h at 1150 DEG C, air-cooled.
3. the heat treatment method of GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: heat temperature in b step
Degree is 960 DEG C, air-cooled after keeping the temperature 1h.
4. the heat treatment method of GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: heat temperature in step c
Degree is 900 DEG C, air-cooled after heat preservation 22h;It reheats, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, air-cooled after heat preservation 1.5h.
5. the heat treatment method of GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: heat temperature in Step d
Degree is 720 DEG C, and control cools to 620 DEG C with the furnace with the speed of 50 DEG C/h after heat preservation 8h, then keeps the temperature 8h, then air-cooled.
6. the heat treatment method of any one GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel according to claim 1~5, it is characterised in that: forging
Crystal grain rank is 8.0~8.6 grades.
7. the heat treatment method of any one GH4169 high-temperature alloy steel according to claim 1~5, it is characterised in that: forging
Under 650 DEG C, the creep condition of 720MPa, creep life 182h.
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CN109321854A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-12 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment process improving precinct laser fusion forming GH4169 alloy cold plasticity |
CN110527796A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-03 | 张家港广大特材股份有限公司 | A method of passing through Heat Treatment Control high temperature alloy forging grain size |
CN111633164A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-08 | 上海蓝铸特种合金材料有限公司 | Forging process special for mask plate support alloy Invar36 |
CN112481477B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-06-17 | 江麓机电集团有限公司 | Heat treatment method of 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching part |
CN114107852B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-07-19 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Heat treatment method of GH4096 alloy forging, forging prepared by same and application thereof |
CN116005087B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-07-23 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method of GH4169 alloy forging |
CN116987990A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-11-03 | 衡水中裕铁信装备工程有限公司 | Heat treatment method for eliminating double grains of precipitation hardening type high-temperature alloy forging |
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CN102251084B (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-04-17 | 南京迪威尔高端制造股份有限公司 | Heat treatment process of steel forging for hydraulic cylinder of deep-sea oil recovery equipment |
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