CN114716273B - Comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in citrus planting - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in citrus planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716273B CN114716273B CN202210306369.XA CN202210306369A CN114716273B CN 114716273 B CN114716273 B CN 114716273B CN 202210306369 A CN202210306369 A CN 202210306369A CN 114716273 B CN114716273 B CN 114716273B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of citrus planting, in particular to a comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in the aspect of citrus planting; the method comprises the steps of drying and crushing crop straws to prepare an orange seedling substrate, and composting and fermenting livestock and poultry manure to serve as an organic fertilizer for orange planting. According to the invention, different agricultural wastes are subjected to targeted treatment and then respectively used for the seedling raising matrix and the organic fertilizer for citrus planting, so that the resource utilization of the agricultural wastes is realized while the citrus planting yield is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of citrus planting, in particular to a comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in the aspect of citrus planting.
Background
Agricultural wastes, also called agricultural wastes, mainly comprise two major types of crop straws and livestock and poultry excrement according to the components; currently, the problem of agricultural waste pollution has become a focus of global attention. The agricultural wastes have the characteristics of large volume and difficult treatment, and in the past habit, the agricultural wastes are treated by using an incineration method, so that the problems of environmental pollution, energy waste and the like exist; based on this, various resource utilization methods for agricultural waste biomass are continuously emerging in the prior art, but the effect is not satisfactory. For example, during harvesting, the straws are coarsely crushed and turned into the field on the spot, but the straws are still not rotted after half a year, which not only influences the growth of crops, but also cannot realize the full utilization of the straws.
Citrus is a plant of the genus Citrus of the family Rutaceae, with the first largest amount of worldwide production; the citrus fruit has rich nutrition and excellent color, flavor and taste, can be processed into various processed products mainly comprising fruit juice, and is a fruit which is popular with consumers at present. At present, the citrus is generally planted by seedling raising and then transplanting and field planting, in the prior art, the citrus seedling raising process mostly adopts a soil culture mode, the quality of the soil environment directly influences the rooting rate and the survival rate of citrus seedlings, and meanwhile, the looseness and the water drainage are not good; the high-performance seedling raising substrate with rich nutrition is expensive, so that the cost of citrus seedling raising is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in the aspect of citrus planting, which is characterized in that different agricultural wastes are subjected to targeted treatment and then are respectively used as seedling raising substrates and organic fertilizers for citrus planting, so that the agricultural wastes are recycled while the citrus planting yield is ensured.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste in the aspect of orange planting comprises the steps of preparing an orange seedling substrate by drying and crushing crop straws; the livestock manure is subjected to compost fermentation and then is used as an organic fertilizer for citrus planting.
Further, the preparation of the citrus seedling substrate by drying and crushing the crop straws comprises the following steps:
step 1: soaking crop straws in a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain pretreated straws;
and 2, step: carrying out high-temperature extrusion and puffing treatment on the pretreated straws to obtain puffed straws;
and step 3: soaking the puffed straws in livestock and poultry excrement liquid to obtain pretreated straws;
and 4, step 4: drying and crushing the pretreated straws to obtain straw powder, and mixing the straw powder and the soil matrix to obtain the citrus seedling culture matrix.
Further, in the step 1, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-5wt%, and the soaking treatment conditions are as follows: 30-180min at 30-50 ℃;
further, in the step 2: and (3) high-temperature extrusion puffing treatment conditions: the water content of the material is 15-25%, the temperature is 150-200 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 150-300r/min;
further, in the step 3: the livestock manure liquid is obtained by performing solid-liquid separation on livestock manure after composting fermentation; the soaking treatment conditions are as follows: ultrasonic frequency is 500-800Hz, temperature is 30-50 deg.C, time is 30-60min;
further, in the step 4: the mixing mass ratio of the straw powder to the soil matrix is 10: (5-10).
Further, the organic fertilizer applied to the planting of the citrus after the livestock manure is subjected to compost fermentation comprises the following steps:
step a: adjusting the water content of the livestock manure to 45-55%, adding a fermentation microbial inoculum to obtain compost materials, and performing compost fermentation on the compost materials for 15-30 days to obtain fermentation materials;
step b: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented material to obtain a solid material and a liquid material, wherein the liquid material is used for preparing the citrus seedling substrate, and the solid material is dried, crushed and granulated to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Further, the fermentation inoculum in the step a is prepared by mixing pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis and bacillus liquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1 9 cfu/g; the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fermentation microbial inoculum is 100 by mass.
Further, in the step a, a fermentation primer is added before compost fermentation is carried out on compost materials, wherein the fermentation primer is the fermentation material obtained in the step b; the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fermentation primer is 100 by mass.
Further, in the step a, rice hulls and/or crop straws are added before compost fermentation is carried out on compost materials; the mass ratio of the livestock manure, the rice hulls and/or the crop straws is (100);
further, in the step a, the fermentation temperature of the compost is 40-60 ℃, and the compost is stirred for 8-12h every 3-5 days in the composting process.
Further, the crop straws are cane shoot leaves and/or bagasse.
The zizania latifolia leaves and bagasse are rich in crude protein and cellulose, have extremely high nutritional value and water permeability, and can be used as a citrus seedling culture medium to improve the content of nutrients in the medium, so that the citrus seedling culture effect is better.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method uses the crop straws for preparing the citrus seedling substrate, and can reduce the cost investment of the seedling substrate while recycling agricultural wastes. Firstly, the crop straws are treated by a sodium hydroxide solution, so that the cellulose structures on the surfaces and in the crop straws are damaged to a certain extent, and the degradability of the crop straws is improved; the cellulose structure of the crop straw is damaged through high-temperature extrusion and puffing treatment, the porosity is improved, the crop straw serving as a seedling raising substrate has good water permeation and moisture retention effects, the requirements of looseness and water drainage of the seedling raising substrate are met, and the problem that the root system of the seedling is rotten due to water accumulation in the seedling raising process is solved; in order to ensure that the crop straws are supplied as nutrient components of the seedling raising substrate, the invention soaks the puffed straws in liquid materials obtained by solid-liquid separation after composting fermentation of the livestock manure, so that the nutrient components in compost fermentation liquor and the puffed straws are combined into a whole. The crop straw after extrusion and expansion treatment has rich pore structure, is more favorable for the adsorption and attachment of compost fermentation liquor, thereby obtaining a seedling culture substrate which has rich nutrition, is rich in various beneficial bacteria microorganisms and growth factors, and has the functions of ventilation, water retention and drainage. In the process of soaking the puffed straws in the livestock and poultry excrement liquid, ultrasonic conditions are applied, and the cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves is utilized, so that the adsorption efficiency and the adsorption quantity of nutrient components in compost fermentation liquid in the puffed straws can be improved, meanwhile, the release of intracellular nutrients of microorganisms in the compost fermentation liquid can be promoted, the nutrients of the seedling culture substrate are richer, and the survival rate of citrus seedling culture is improved.
According to the technical scheme, the method also comprises the step of preparing the organic fertilizer by composting and fermenting the livestock manure, so that organic matters are provided for the growth of the oranges, the soil environment for planting the oranges is improved, and the yield of the oranges is increased. In the preferable scheme of the invention, pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis and thermophilic liquefied bacillus are used in the composting fermentation process of the livestock manure, wherein the pseudomonas is the most suitable low-temperature enzyme-producing bacterium, the bacillus subtilis is the most suitable normal-temperature enzyme-producing bacterium, and the thermophilic liquefied bacillus is the most suitable high-temperature enzyme-producing bacterium, and the pseudomonas, the bacillus subtilis and the thermophilic liquefied bacillus are matched with each other to play different roles in different stages in the composting fermentation process, so that the fermentation product is rich in various nutrient substances and enzyme substances, the substances exist in solid materials and liquid materials, the liquid materials are used as seedling culture substrate raw materials to provide a good nutrient environment for citrus seedling culture, and the solid materials are used as organic fertilizer components to be suitable for soil, thereby improving the organic matter content and soil activity of the soil. In the compost fermentation process, the strain activity and the fermentation efficiency in the compost fermentation process can be improved by adding the fermentation primer, so that the fermentation product effect is better, and the using amount of the fermentation microbial inoculum can be saved; during the composting fermentation process, rice hulls and/or crop straws are added, so that a space is provided for the attachment and growth of microorganisms; on the other hand, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the compost fermentation material can be adjusted by adding rice hulls and/or crop straws, so that the fermentation efficiency of microorganisms in the compost fermentation process is improved; meanwhile, the rice hulls and/or crop straws have a certain adsorption effect on volatile substances in the livestock manure, so that the composting fermentation environment is optimized while the components of the materials are fully utilized.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials in connection with which the documents are cited. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
In the following embodiments of the invention, the crop straw is a mixture of cane shoot leaves and bagasse with a mass ratio of 1, the used livestock manure is pig manure in a pig farm, and the rest crop straw and livestock manure can be used in the invention, and achieve similar technical effects.
In the following examples of the present invention, the Pseudomonas bacteria, bacillus subtilis and Bacillus stearothermophilus were all commercially available products.
Example 1
(1) Adjusting the water content of the livestock manure to 55%, adding a fermentation microbial agent (the mass ratio of pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis and bacillus liquefaciens is 1 10 cfu/g, wherein the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fermentation microbial inoculum is 100) to obtain compost materials, the compost materials are subjected to compost fermentation for 25 days at the temperature of 55 +/-5 ℃ to obtain fermentation materials, and the fermentation materials are stirred for 8 hours every 5 days;
(2) And (3) solid materials and liquid materials are obtained by performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented materials, the liquid materials are used for preparing the citrus seedling substrate, and the solid materials are dried, crushed and granulated to obtain the organic fertilizer.
(3) Preparing a seedling culture substrate:
(1) soaking crop straws in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 3wt% (50 ℃,120 min) to obtain pretreated straws;
(2) carrying out high-temperature extrusion and expansion treatment on the pretreated straws (the water content of the material is 25 percent, the temperature is 200 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 250 r/min) to obtain expanded straws;
(3) soaking the puffed straws in the liquid material prepared in the step (2) (ultrasonic frequency is 500Hz, temperature is 45 ℃, and time is 50 min) to obtain pretreated straws;
(4) mixing the pretreated straws with common market garden soil according to the mass ratio of 10.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that:
directly drying and crushing the fermentation material obtained in the step (2) and granulating to obtain the organic fertilizer;
the liquid material used in the step (3) is directly separated from the livestock and poultry manure.
Example 3
(1) Adjusting the water content of the livestock manure to 55%, adding a fermentation agent (the mass ratio of pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis and bacillus liquefaciens is 1 10 cfu/g, wherein the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fermentation microbial inoculum is 100) to obtain compost materials, the compost materials are subjected to compost fermentation for 25 days at the temperature of 55 +/-5 ℃ to obtain fermentation primers, and the fermentation primers are stirred for 8 hours every 5 days during the period, wherein the mass ratio of the livestock manure dried to the constant weight is calculated as follows.
(2) Mixing a fermentation primer and livestock manure (the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fermentation primer is 100 10 cfu/g, wherein the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fermentation microbial inoculum is 100) to obtain compost materials, the compost materials are subjected to compost fermentation for 15 days at the temperature of 55 +/-5 ℃ to obtain fermentation materials, and the fermentation materials are stirred for 8 hours every 5 days during the period, wherein the mass ratio of the livestock manure dried to the constant weight is calculated as the cfu/g.
(3) And (3) solid materials and liquid materials are obtained by performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented materials, the liquid materials are used for preparing the citrus seedling substrate, and the solid materials are dried, crushed and granulated to obtain the organic fertilizer.
(4) Preparing a seedling culture substrate:
(1) soaking crop straws in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 3wt% (50 ℃,120 min) to obtain pretreated straws;
(2) carrying out high-temperature extrusion and expansion treatment on the pretreated straws (the water content of the material is 25 percent, the temperature is 200 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 250 r/min) to obtain expanded straws;
(3) soaking the puffed straw in the liquid material prepared in the step (3) (ultrasonic frequency is 500Hz, temperature is 45 ℃, and time is 50 min) to obtain pretreated straw;
(4) mixing the pretreated straws with common market garden soil according to a mass ratio of 10.
Example 4
The difference from example 3 is that rice hulls are also added to the compost material in the step (2) (the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the rice hulls is 100.
Example 5
The difference from the example 1 is that the step of extruding and puffing the pretreated straws at high temperature to obtain puffed straws is omitted.
Example 6
The difference from the example 1 is that the ultrasonic operation of the puffed straw in the process of soaking in the livestock and poultry excrement liquid is omitted.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is that the use of Pseudomonas in the composting fermentation process is omitted.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is that the use of Bacillus subtilis during the fermentation of compost is omitted.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is that the use of Bacillus stearothermophilus during the fermentation of the compost is omitted.
Effect test example 1
The same batch of citrus seeds are averagely divided into 11 groups, each group comprises 50 citrus seeds, the 1 st group and the 9 th group are respectively sown and raised with the seedling raising substrates prepared in the examples 1 to 9, the 10 th group is raised with the seedling raising substrate prepared by common raw soil, and the 11 th group is raised with the seedling raising substrate special for commercial citrus.
Before sowing, all devices are disinfected, seeds are sown in a seedling raising matrix, the sowing of the seeds is to plant germs downwards into soil, then watering is carried out, a mulching film is covered, watering is carried out again after 6 days, the mulching film is removed after the seeds germinate, and 0.3wt% of auxin water solution is applied every week. And observing and counting the growth condition of the citrus seedlings after 3 months. The results are shown in Table 1. Wherein the length of the main root is 5 citrus seedlings which are randomly investigated and emerge, and the average value is taken. The seedling emergence period, the height of the seedlings and the seedling thickness are all average values of the citrus seedlings.
TABLE 1
| Rate of emergence | Period of emergence | Height of nursery stock | Seedling thickness | Length of main root | |
| Group 1 | 92％ | 8 days | 18.2cm | 0.8cm | 14.5cm |
| Group 2 | 90％ | 9 days | 17.6cm | 0.7cm | 14.3cm |
| Group 3 | 94％ | 7 days | 18.5cm | 0.9cm | 14.8cm |
| Group 4 | 96％ | 7 days | 18.8cm | 0.9cm | 14.9cm |
| Group 5 | 82％ | 9 days | 16.5cm | 0.5cm | 13.2cm |
| Group 6 | 90％ | 9 days | 18.0cm | 0.8cm | 14.1cm |
| Group 7 | 90％ | 9 days | 17.5cm | 0.7cm | 13.5cm |
| Group 8 | 88％ | 10 days | 17.2cm | 0.7cm | 13.7cm |
| Group 9 | 88％ | 9 days | 17.3cm | 0.7cm | 13.1cm |
| Group 10 | 50％ | 13 days | 15.5cm | 0.5cm | 12.2cm |
| Group 11 | 92％ | 10 days | 17.9cm | 0.7cm | 13.8cm |
As can be seen from the contents in Table 1, the survival rate of the citrus can be compared favorably with the existing commercial products by using the seedling substrate prepared by the invention, and in the preferred scheme, the survival rate and plant height of the citrus, the seedling thickness and the length of the main root of the citrus are all higher than those of the commercial products. The seedling substrate provided by the invention can meet the existing citrus seedling requirements.
Effect test example 2
A citrus forest was divided into 10 pieces on average, organic fertilizers prepared in examples 1 to 9 were used for plots 1 to 9, respectively, and common commercial organic fertilizers (prepared by fermenting livestock feces) were used for plot 10. Counting the citrus yield of each plot in the harvest season, and counting the results in a table 2;
TABLE 2
| Test group | Yield per kg per mu | Test group | Yield per kg per mu |
| Land block 1 | 2350 | Land 6 | 2360 |
| Land block 2 | 2420 | Land parcel 7 | 2230 |
| Land block 3 | 2415 | Land 8 | 2140 |
| Land 4 | 2430 | Land 9 | 2250 |
| Land 5 | 2340 | Land parcel 10 | 2370 |
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in the aspect of citrus planting is characterized in that crop straws are dried and crushed to prepare a citrus seedling substrate; the livestock manure is subjected to composting fermentation and then is used as an organic fertilizer for citrus planting;
the method for preparing the citrus seedling substrate by drying and crushing the crop straws comprises the following steps:
step 1: soaking crop straws in a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain pretreated straws;
step 2: carrying out high-temperature extrusion and puffing treatment on the pretreated straws to obtain puffed straws;
and 3, step 3: soaking the puffed straws in livestock and poultry excrement liquid to obtain pretreated straws;
and 4, step 4: drying and crushing pretreated straws to obtain straw powder, and mixing the straw powder and a soil matrix to obtain the citrus seedling culture matrix;
in the step 1, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-5wt%, and the soaking treatment conditions are as follows: 30-180min at 30-50 ℃;
in the step 2: and (3) high-temperature extrusion puffing treatment conditions: the water content of the material is 15-25%, the temperature is 150-200 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 150-300r/min;
in the step 3: the livestock and poultry manure liquid is obtained by performing composting fermentation on livestock and poultry manure and performing solid-liquid separation; the soaking treatment conditions are as follows: ultrasonic frequency is 500-800Hz, temperature is 30-50 deg.C, time is 30-60min;
in the step 4: the mixing mass ratio of the straw powder to the soil matrix is 10: (5-10);
the organic fertilizer applied to the planting of the oranges by using the livestock manure after composting fermentation comprises the following steps:
a, step a: adjusting the water content of the livestock manure to 45-55%, adding a fermentation microbial inoculum to obtain compost materials, and performing compost fermentation on the compost materials for 15-30 days to obtain fermentation materials;
step b: solid materials and liquid materials are obtained by solid-liquid separation of the fermented materials, the liquid materials are used for preparing the citrus seedling substrate, and the organic fertilizer is obtained by drying, crushing and granulating the solid materials;
the fermentation inoculum in the step a is formed by mixing pseudomonas, bacillus subtilis and bacillus liquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1; the mass ratio of the livestock manure and the fermentation bacteria agent is (100) based on the mass of the livestock manure dried to constant weight.
2. The method for comprehensively utilizing agricultural wastes in citrus planting according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, fermentation primers are added before compost fermentation is carried out on compost materials, and the fermentation primers are the fermentation materials obtained in the step b; the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fermentation primer is 100 by mass.
3. The method for comprehensively utilizing agricultural wastes in citrus planting according to claim 1, wherein rice hulls and/or crop straws are added before composting fermentation of compost materials in the step a; and (2) the mass ratio of the livestock manure, the rice hulls and/or the crop straws is 100.
4. The comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in citrus planting according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the compost fermentation temperature is 40-60 ℃, and in the composting process, the compost is stirred for 8-12h every 3-5 days.
5. The comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes in citrus planting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the crop straws are cane leaves and/or bagasse.
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| CN101317632B (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2013-02-06 | 江华明 | Novel technique for making pig feces into bait |
| CN102351395B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-03-13 | 杭州职业技术学院 | System and method for treating pig manure and cultivation sewage |
| CN102344232A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-02-08 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Method for producing biogas and organic fertilizer by dry fermentation of livestock and poultry feces |
| CN107306725A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-03 | 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich organic tribute mandarin orange |
| CN108570483A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-09-25 | 东北师范大学 | A method of it improving stalk fermentation and prepares biogas |
| CN107494051A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-22 | 安徽申科塑业有限公司 | A kind of method that maize straw makes pot for growing seedlings |
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