CN114705338A - Real-time monitoring device and monitoring method for scouring of offshore wind power pile foundation - Google Patents
Real-time monitoring device and monitoring method for scouring of offshore wind power pile foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114705338A CN114705338A CN202210311726.1A CN202210311726A CN114705338A CN 114705338 A CN114705338 A CN 114705338A CN 202210311726 A CN202210311726 A CN 202210311726A CN 114705338 A CN114705338 A CN 114705338A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power engineering, in particular to a real-time scouring monitoring device and a monitoring method for an offshore wind power pile foundation, which comprises a plurality of rigid hollow supports; a plurality of soil pressure sensing units; a multi-channel data acquisition unit; a data signal line; the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit is electrically connected with the multichannel data acquisition unit and is used for remotely and wirelessly transmitting the analytic data of the multichannel data acquisition unit to a shore centralized control center computer; and the solar panel is used for supplying power to the soil pressure sensing unit, the multi-channel data acquisition unit and the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit. The method can remotely, real-timely and continuously monitor the local scouring condition around the foundation of the offshore wind power pile, is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to accurately master the development form of the scouring pit, and evaluates and pre-warns risks, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the wind turbine generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power engineering, in particular to a real-time scouring monitoring device and a monitoring method for an offshore wind power pile foundation.
Background
In offshore wind power engineering, a pile foundation is one of the main foundation forms, and the foundation has the characteristics of high pile bearing capacity, relatively simple pile sinking process, small soil discharge amount, good bending resistance and the like, and is widely applied to a plurality of offshore wind power projects. The occurrence of the pile foundation changes the marine hydrological balance and the boundary condition of the bottom bed, the interaction of wave current and the pile foundation causes severe local scouring of the bottom bed, the development of a scouring pit can lead the pile foundation to be exposed out of the sea bed, the holding force of the sea bed on a fan structure is weakened, the fan is easy to incline or destabilize, even overturn accidents are easily caused, and the problem generally exists in the operation process of each offshore wind farm.
In offshore wind power engineering, methods such as multi-beam sounding, side scan sonar detection, underwater three-dimensional sonar scanning, underwater robot inspection and the like are adopted to regularly scan and measure the submarine topography of an offshore wind power plant, generally, the scanning is carried out once in a half year or even a year, the development of the flushing pit around the pile foundation develops continuously and rapidly on a lower-viscosity bottom bed, the methods lack timeliness, the development condition of the flushing pit cannot be mastered in time, the potential risk can be accurately estimated and manually intervened, and the single scanning and measuring cost is high. In addition, in sea areas with high suspended sand concentration, such as yellow sea, the water body turbidity is high, and the multi-beam sonar scanning accuracy is relatively limited. The bridge scouring monitoring technology based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) is available in the river channel bridge field, the scouring depth monitoring precision of the method is determined by the distribution space distance of the FBGs, and the high-precision measurement of the scouring depth is difficult to realize in the offshore wind power field with deep water depth and complex water flow conditions. At present, no equipment capable of effectively monitoring local scouring evolution of an offshore wind power pile foundation in real time exists at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a real-time scouring monitoring device for an offshore wind power pile foundation, which can be used for monitoring the local scouring state around the offshore wind power pile foundation in real time and continuously, is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to accurately master the development form of a scouring pit, evaluates and pre-warns risks, guides the operation and maintenance personnel to intervene in protection in time, can effectively avoid accidents, and timely adjusts the operation and maintenance strategy of manual intervention protection, thereby ensuring the safe operation of a wind turbine generator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a real-time scouring monitoring device for an offshore wind power pile foundation comprises a plurality of rigid hollow supports; the soil pressure sensing units are mounted on the upper surface of the rigid hollow support and used for monitoring the pressure change of the overlying soil layer; the multi-channel data acquisition unit is used for collecting soil pressure voltage analog data obtained by monitoring of the soil pressure sensing unit and analyzing the soil pressure voltage analog data into digital signals; the data signal line is arranged in the rigid hollow bracket and is connected with the soil pressure sensing unit and the multi-channel data acquisition unit; the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit is electrically connected with the multichannel data acquisition unit and is used for remotely and wirelessly transmitting the analytic data of the multichannel data acquisition unit to a shore centralized control center computer; and the solar panel is used for supplying power to the soil pressure sensing unit, the multi-channel data acquisition unit and the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit.
In the preferred scheme, the rigid hollow bracket is a wedge-shaped body with an inverted triangle-shaped cross section.
In the preferred scheme, the device comprises four rigid hollow supports, and after the device is installed, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent rigid hollow supports.
In the preferred scheme, the device comprises eight rigid hollow supports, and after the device is installed, an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between every two adjacent rigid hollow supports.
In a preferred scheme, the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit transmits data by adopting a modbus485 communication protocol.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring the scouring of the offshore wind power pile foundation in real time, and the device for monitoring the scouring of the offshore wind power pile foundation in real time is installed, and comprises the following steps:
s1 production: manufacturing a rigid hollow support according to the size of the pile foundation and the design monitoring range, and sequentially and uniformly fixedly installing the rigid hollow support at the designed height of the surface of the pile foundation to form a pile wing structure;
s2 presetting: uniformly fixing the bottom of the soil pressure sensing unit on the upper surface of the rigid hollow bracket at a certain interval, and arranging a data signal wire of the soil pressure sensing unit in an internal channel of the rigid hollow bracket;
s3 pile sinking: sinking the pile foundation to the designed depth, and leading the data signal line of the soil pressure sensing unit out of the pile;
s4 connection: installing a multi-channel data acquisition unit, a GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit and a solar panel on an upper platform of a tower cylinder, communicating all the parts, and accessing a data signal line of a soil pressure sensing unit into the multi-channel data acquisition unit;
debugging S5: after all the parts are communicated, power supply debugging is carried out, and whether the soil pressure sensing unit, the multi-channel data acquisition unit and the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit work normally is observed;
s6 monitoring: setting data acquisition frequency, starting scouring depth monitoring, and calculating the scouring depth according to the following formula according to all monitoring data:
Δh = Δσ / r
s
in the formula:Δσthe pressure variation of the overlying soil body is measured by a soil pressure sensing unit;r s the soil body gravity is obtained from the geological survey data;Δhthe thickness variation of the overlying soil body;
s7: making an operation and maintenance strategy: and drawing a scouring depth contour map according to the calculated scouring depth data set, simulating the evolution form of the terrain scouring pit around the pile foundation, and accurately making a scouring protection strategy.
In a preferred embodiment, the data acquisition frequency is set to 6 hours of acquisition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a device and a method for continuously monitoring local scouring around the foundation of an offshore wind power pile in real time, which are convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to accurately master the development form of a scouring pit, evaluate and early warn risks, guide the operation and maintenance personnel to intervene in protection in time, effectively avoid accidents, and adjust the operation and maintenance strategy of manual intervention protection in time, thereby ensuring the safe operation of a wind turbine generator.
2. According to the invention, the soil pressure sensing units are arranged at the designed scouring depth of the pile foundation, the pressure change of the overburden layer around the pile foundation is continuously monitored, the scouring depth is calculated back according to the monitoring result, the monitoring data of each soil pressure sensing unit is converted, the profile distribution diagram of the scouring depth of the seabed around the pile foundation can be drawn, and the morphological evolution of the scoured pit of the seabed around the pile foundation can be intuitively reflected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the rigid hollow stent of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flush depth calculation.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional profile of a flush pit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
In the above drawings: 1. a rigid hollow support; 2. a soil pressure sensing unit; 3. a data signal line; 4. a multi-channel data acquisition unit; 5. a GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit; 6. a solar panel.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
With reference to fig. 1-5, the embodiment provides a real-time monitoring device and method for foundation scouring of an offshore wind power steel pipe pile for monitoring foundation scouring of an offshore wind power steel pipe pile with a water depth of 20m, a diameter of 3m, a pile bottom mud penetration depth of 35m and a design scouring depth of 2 m. In this embodiment, the scouring monitoring radius around the foundation of the offshore wind power pile is 5m, and four monitoring sections are arranged along the main flow directions of parallel and vertical ocean currents.
Specifically, the device for monitoring scouring of the foundation of the offshore wind power pile in real time mainly comprises a rigid hollow support 1, a soil pressure sensing unit 2, a data signal line 3, a multi-channel data acquisition unit 4, a GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit 5, a solar panel 6 and the like. In the embodiment, the rigid hollow support 1 is of a rod-shaped structure with a conical cross section, the top of the bottom tip is flat, the penetration resistance of the mud entering is small, the length is 5.5m, the width of the upper plane is 5cm, the height is 2m, and the diameter of an internal hollow channel is 5 cm. During installation, one end of each of four rigid hollow supports 1 is rigidly fixed on the circumferential surface of the pile foundation, two adjacent rigid hollow supports are distributed at an included angle of 90 degrees, the directions of the included angles are respectively parallel to and perpendicular to the main flow direction of ocean current, the installation height of the upper plane is positioned at the position of 2m of the design scouring depth of the pile foundation, and the rigid hollow supports are used as pile wings, so that the stability of the pile foundation in the penetration process can be enhanced; the soil pressure sensing unit 2 adopts a voltage analog signal type, adopts DC24V for power supply, has a cylindrical waterproof structure with the diameter of 2cm, is fixed on the upper plane of the rigid hollow support 1, is uniformly arranged at a distance of 1m from the position 1m away from the surface of the pile foundation, and has data acquisition frequency of once in 6 hours; the soil pressure sensing unit data signal wire 3 is a four-core signal wire with a shielding layer, penetrates through an internal hollow channel of the rigid hollow support 1, enters a pile foundation, extends upwards and is connected with a multi-channel data acquisition unit 4, and the data transmission adopts a modbus485 communication protocol and can realize remote communication and data transmission; the multichannel data acquisition unit 4 is powered by DC24V and is installed on a tower platform, the shell and joints of the multichannel data acquisition unit are waterproof and corrosion-resistant, the number of signal acquisition channels is 20, and each signal acquisition channel is connected with a data signal line of the soil pressure sensing unit and is used for collecting soil pressure voltage analog signals acquired by the soil pressure sensing unit 2 and converting the voltage analog signals into digital signals; the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit 5 is arranged on a tower platform, a data interface of the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit is connected with a data port of the multi-channel data acquisition unit 4, and analytic data of the multi-channel data acquisition unit 4 are remotely and wirelessly transmitted to a shore centralized control center computer through a GPRS module and a satellite mobile communication network, so that operators can conveniently check the analytic data; the solar panel 6 is arranged on a tower drum platform on the upper portion of the pile foundation and used for supplying power to the soil pressure sensing unit 2, the multi-channel data acquisition unit 4, the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit 5 and other components, and the length and the width of the solar panel are 1 m.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 2, in order to better acquire data and improve the stability of the tower, eight rigid hollow supports 1 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the tower, and after installation, an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between two adjacent rigid hollow supports.
During monitoring, firstly installing the scouring real-time monitoring device of the offshore wind power pile foundation, and comprising the following steps:
s1 production: the method comprises the following steps of manufacturing a rigid hollow support according to the size of a pile foundation and a design monitoring range, sequentially and uniformly fixedly installing the rigid hollow support at a designed height on the surface of the pile foundation to form a pile wing structure, wherein the rigid hollow support is used as a pile wing of the pile foundation and is uniformly and symmetrically arranged, so that the stability of a penetration process can be enhanced;
s2 presetting: uniformly fixing the bottoms of the soil pressure sensing units on the upper surface of the rigid hollow bracket at certain intervals, and internally arranging data signal lines of the soil pressure sensing units in an internal channel of the rigid hollow bracket;
s3 pile sinking: sinking the pile foundation to the designed depth, and leading the data signal line of the soil pressure sensing unit out of the pile;
s4 connection: installing a multi-channel data acquisition unit, a GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit and a solar panel on an upper platform of a tower cylinder, communicating all the parts, and accessing a data signal line of a soil pressure sensing unit into the multi-channel data acquisition unit;
debugging S5: after all the parts are communicated, power supply debugging is carried out, and whether the soil pressure sensing unit, the multi-channel data acquisition unit and the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit work normally is observed;
s6 monitoring: setting data acquisition frequency, starting scouring depth monitoring, and calculating the scouring depth according to the following formula according to all monitoring data:
Δh = Δσ / r
s
in the formula:Δσthe pressure variation of the overlying soil body is measured by a soil pressure sensing unit;r s the soil body gravity is obtained from the geological survey data;Δhthe thickness variation of the overlying soil body;
s7: making an operation and maintenance strategy: and drawing a scouring depth profile distribution diagram according to the calculated scouring depth data set, simulating the evolution form of the terrain scouring pit around the pile foundation, and accurately making a scouring protection strategy.
Referring to the attached figure 4, according to the soil mechanics principle, the soil pressure at a certain depth of the soil body is positively correlated with the depth of the upper soil body and the density of the soil body, when the soil body is washed, the thickness of the soil body changes, and the soil pressure changes accordingly, namely:
Δσ = r s ×Δh = r s ×(h 0 - h 1 )
therefore, by monitoring the soil pressure change, the scouring depth can be back-calculated according to the following formula:
Δh = Δσ / r s
in the formula:Δσthe pressure variation of the overlying soil body can be measured by a soil pressure sensing unit;r s the soil body gravity is obtained from the geological survey data;Δhin order to change the thickness of the overlying soil body,h 0 in order to obtain the initial thickness of the overlying soil mass,h 1 the thickness of the overlying soil body at a certain measuring moment.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the washout calculation results of an example laboratory sink test, according to the principles and method of monitoring the washout of the apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIG. 4 and the data processing principles as shown in FIG. 5. The diagram represents the development of the flush pit for three different durations in sequence from top to bottom. The example is for a soil mass weight of 2.65g/cm3The model pile foundation with the diameter of 10cm is characterized in that four rigid hollow supports are arranged at the position with the depth of 30cm of soil body along the parallel main flow direction and the vertical main flow direction, and the upper surface of each rigid hollow support is outwards arranged in sequence at intervals of 5cm from the surface of the pile foundation6 soil pressure sensing units are uniformly arranged.
The corresponding monitoring and calculation data of fig. 6 are shown in the following table, with the vertical and horizontal directions being illustrated by the first curve (first duration) from top to bottom in fig. 6.
In the table, the monitoring data is an upper casing pressure value (kPa), and the calculation result is a washout pit depth value (mm). As can be seen from fig. 5 and the data in the table above, as the erosion pit evolves, the overburden thickness decreases and the overburden pressure correspondingly decreases, so that negative values in the table both indicate the amount of decrease from the initial pressure value or the initial depth value.
The monitoring result of this experiment reflects the evolution condition of scouring the hole around the pile foundation really, promptly: the depth and the range of the scour pit are continuously increased along with the increase of the scouring time, the downstream scour depth and the scouring range in the longitudinal direction are slightly larger than the upstream scour depth and the two sides of the pile foundation in the transverse direction are approximately symmetrically distributed, which is consistent with the general scouring rule, and the monitoring result shows that the device and the method have reliability and effectiveness for monitoring the scouring state of the offshore wind power generation pile foundation in real time, and can realize the remote continuous and real-time monitoring of scouring evolution.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an offshore wind power pile foundation erodees real-time supervision device, characterized by, it includes:
a plurality of rigid hollow supports;
the soil pressure sensing units are mounted on the upper surface of the rigid hollow support and used for monitoring the pressure change of the overlying soil layer;
the multi-channel data acquisition unit is used for collecting soil pressure voltage analog data obtained by monitoring of the soil pressure sensing unit and analyzing the soil pressure voltage analog data into digital signals;
the data signal line is arranged in the rigid hollow bracket and is connected with the soil pressure sensing unit and the multi-channel data acquisition unit;
the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit is electrically connected with the multichannel data acquisition unit and is used for remotely and wirelessly transmitting the analytic data of the multichannel data acquisition unit to a shore centralized control center computer; and
and the solar panel is used for supplying power to the soil pressure sensing unit, the multi-channel data acquisition unit and the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit.
2. The device for monitoring scouring of the foundation of the offshore wind power pile in real time according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rigid hollow bracket is a wedge-shaped body with an inverted triangle-shaped cross section.
3. The device for monitoring scouring of the foundation of the offshore wind power pile in real time according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the device comprises four rigid hollow supports, and after the device is installed, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent rigid hollow supports.
4. The device for monitoring scouring of the foundation of the offshore wind power pile in real time according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: comprises eight rigid hollow brackets, and after the installation, an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between two adjacent rigid hollow brackets.
5. The device for monitoring scouring of the foundation of the offshore wind power pile in real time according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit transmits data by adopting a modbus485 communication protocol.
6. The method for monitoring scouring of the offshore wind power pile foundation in real time is characterized in that the device for monitoring scouring of the offshore wind power pile foundation in real time as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 is installed, and comprises the following steps:
s1 production: manufacturing a rigid hollow support according to the size of the pile foundation and the design monitoring range, and sequentially and uniformly fixedly installing the rigid hollow support at the designed height of the surface of the pile foundation to form a pile wing structure;
s2 presetting: uniformly fixing the bottom of the soil pressure sensing unit on the upper surface of the rigid hollow bracket at a certain interval, and arranging a data signal wire of the soil pressure sensing unit in an internal channel of the rigid hollow bracket;
s3 pile sinking: sinking the pile foundation to the designed depth, and leading the data signal line of the soil pressure sensing unit out of the pile;
s4 connection: installing a multi-channel data acquisition unit, a GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit and a solar panel on an upper platform of a tower cylinder, communicating all the parts, and accessing a data signal line of a soil pressure sensing unit into the multi-channel data acquisition unit;
debugging S5: after all the parts are communicated, power supply debugging is carried out, and whether the soil pressure sensing unit, the multi-channel data acquisition unit and the GPRS DTU data wireless transmission unit work normally is observed;
s6 monitoring: and setting data acquisition frequency, starting scouring depth monitoring, drawing a scouring depth profile distribution map according to all monitoring data, and visually knowing the evolution form of the terrain scouring pit around the pile foundation so as to guide accurate formulation of a scouring protection strategy.
7. The method for real-time monitoring of scouring of offshore wind power pile foundations as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the data acquisition frequency was set to 6 hours for automatic acquisition.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2622100A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-06 | Univ Belfast | Sensor for detecting scour |
| CN117792485A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Satellite-based large data volume communication method |
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| CN106917420A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-07-04 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of pile foundation scour monitoring device |
| CN109764988A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 深圳市地质局 | Monitoring on Earth Pressure station and geological disaster monitoring and warning system |
| CN210833977U (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-06-23 | 四川轻化工大学 | Debris flow soil pressure monitoring system |
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| JP2017008499A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2017-01-12 | 株式会社ジェイアール総研エンジニアリング | Reinforcing structure of columnar structure, and pressure detection body |
| CN106917420A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-07-04 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of pile foundation scour monitoring device |
| CN109764988A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 深圳市地质局 | Monitoring on Earth Pressure station and geological disaster monitoring and warning system |
| CN210833977U (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-06-23 | 四川轻化工大学 | Debris flow soil pressure monitoring system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2622100A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-06 | Univ Belfast | Sensor for detecting scour |
| CN117792485A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Satellite-based large data volume communication method |
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