CN113776498B - River bed settlement static force leveling system and method for river crossing tunnel construction - Google Patents
River bed settlement static force leveling system and method for river crossing tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN113776498B CN113776498B CN202111018858.7A CN202111018858A CN113776498B CN 113776498 B CN113776498 B CN 113776498B CN 202111018858 A CN202111018858 A CN 202111018858A CN 113776498 B CN113776498 B CN 113776498B
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The invention relates to a river bed settlement static leveling system for river crossing tunnel construction, which comprises a magnetostrictive static leveling instrument, a reading instrument, a mounting bracket and a sealing device; the riverbed range is equipped with a plurality of grades of test planes, and every grade of test plane is equipped with a plurality of measurement station, sets up the installing support on the measurement station, and fixed magnetostriction type hydrostatic level is measured on the installing support, and magnetostriction type hydrostatic level outside sets up sealing device, interconnect between the magnetostriction type hydrostatic level of every grade of test plane to connect in the reading instrument. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the magnetostrictive static level with a large measuring range is adopted, and the level is connected in series in a grading way according to the difference of the topography of the river bed, so that the measuring difficulty of the settlement of the river bed under the condition of large topography fluctuation is solved; according to the invention, automatic measurement is adopted for the settlement of the river bed in the river crossing tunnel construction, manual measurement is not needed, the vertical displacement and settlement relative to the datum point can be automatically obtained, and the measurement precision is higher than that of manual measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering construction monitoring, and relates to a river bed settlement static force level measurement system and a measurement method for river bed settlement static force level in river crossing tunnel construction, which are mainly used for river bed settlement deformation monitoring engineering caused by shield tunnel river crossing construction.
Background
The coastal areas of China are developed in water system, the rivers are densely staggered, the river potential is complex, and the track traffic line planning inevitably passes through the rivers. Due to urban traffic planning requirements, subway construction inevitably passes through rivers, lakes or seas, the safest method of river crossing tunnel construction at the present stage is shield construction, but the construction is influenced by multiple factors such as geology, hydrology, river potential, navigation channels, bridges, flood prevention facilities, wharfs and the like, and sudden engineering dangerous cases are still quite complex engineering problems, and once engineering accidents occur, huge influence is caused to society, and personal injury and property loss are brought.
In the urban subway shield tunnel excavation process, disturbance is often caused to soil around the tunnel due to the excavation process, or peristaltic deformation is caused to a temporary surface due to bottom layer loss, in order to timely obtain the deformation condition of the ground in the shield excavation process, an appropriate monitoring scheme is required, the disturbance to the surrounding soil inevitably causes settlement deformation of the ground in the subway shield excavation process, the ground surface settlement monitoring points are arranged on the ground above a shield line in a common way, the settlement variation of the ground is obtained through a leveling measurement mode, and then shield tunneling parameters are adjusted according to the ground settlement variation condition, so that construction is scientifically guided. However, when the shield passes through the river, monitoring points cannot be directly distributed on the river bed in general, traditional precise leveling measurement cannot be directly performed, and a common method is to measure the deformation of the pipe piece in the tunnel and to carry out on-site inspection on the water surface of the river. The method is influenced by a trolley at the rear of the shield machine, the deformation of the pipe piece measured in the tunnel is generally lagged, and the technical level of field inspection on monitoring staff is also high, so that the method cannot intuitively obtain the settlement change condition of the soil body above the shield, and is not beneficial to controlling the construction risk.
Aiming at the settlement deformation of a riverbed, the patent with the application number of 201810363830.9 discloses a GPS positioning frame structure and a monitoring method aiming at the settlement deformation of the riverbed, wherein the structure comprises an anchor block, an inclined strut, a main sleeve, a connecting sleeve, an outdoor electric box, a solar cell, a top sleeve and a GPS positioning antenna. The technology is easily affected by the change of external factors, so that the error of a monitoring result is large, the monitoring precision is low, the actual change condition of the river bottom cannot be reflected faithfully, meanwhile, a monitoring signal cannot be obtained through real-time monitoring, and the real-time monitoring signal cannot be converted into the change condition of water pressure and sedimentation of each measuring point of the river bottom in real time; the patent with application number 200410051122.X discloses a device and a method for monitoring the settlement of a river bed in the construction of passing through the river of a tunnel, wherein the device comprises a water pressure sensing acquisition mechanism consisting of at least two water pressure sensing devices which are fixed at the bottom of the river, and a signal receiving, processing and analyzing device arranged at the side of the river, and the technology can not measure the settlement change when the fluctuation of the river bed is large. In addition, the unmanned ship measuring technology adopts a single beam sounding system, is matched with GNSS (global navigation satellite system) positioning products, acquisition, navigation and the like to measure underwater topography, and has the characteristics of high efficiency and safety compared with the traditional measuring method, is mainly applied to underwater topography mapping projects at present, and has less application in the aspect of underwater topography deformation caused by tunnel excavation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a river bed settlement static force leveling system and a measuring method for river bed construction of a river crossing tunnel, which are used for continuously monitoring the change condition of the river bed in real time and visually describing the change data of the river bed, so as to solve or partially solve the technical problem of river bed settlement measurement during the river crossing tunnel construction, ensure the safety of tunnel construction and control the construction risk.
The river bed settlement static leveling system for river crossing tunnel construction comprises a magnetostrictive static leveling instrument, a reading instrument, a mounting bracket and a sealing device; the riverbed range is equipped with a plurality of grades of test planes, and every grade of test plane is equipped with a plurality of measurement station, sets up the installing support on the measurement station, and fixed magnetostriction type hydrostatic level is measured on the installing support, and magnetostriction type hydrostatic level outside sets up sealing device, interconnect between the magnetostriction type hydrostatic level of every grade of test plane to connect in the reading instrument.
As preferable: the same vertical measuring point between two adjacent testing planes is provided with a mounting bracket, and two magnetostrictive static force level gauges are correspondingly arranged on the mounting bracket.
As preferable: the magnetostrictive static level mainly comprises a magnetostrictive liquid level meter, a liquid storage cylinder, a liquid pipe, a vent pipe and an observation cable; a magnetostrictive liquid level meter is arranged on the liquid storage cylinder, an observation cable is arranged on the magnetostrictive liquid level meter, and a measuring rod and a floater are positioned in the liquid storage cylinder; the upper part of the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a vent pipe and horizontal bubbles, the lower part of the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a liquid passing pipe, and the liquid passing pipe is communicated with the liquid storage cylinder through a liquid passing pipe joint and a liquid passing pipe valve; in each stage of test plane, the liquid passing pipes of the magnetostriction type hydrostatic level are connected with each other, and SG solution is filled in the liquid passing pipes; in each stage of test plane, the breather pipes of the magnetostrictive static level are connected with each other, and the observation cables of the magnetostrictive static level are connected with each other.
As preferable: the mounting bracket comprises a supporting leg and a base, wherein the supporting leg is composed of a plurality of steel pipes, a plurality of bolt holes are distributed on the base, and the magnetostrictive static level base is fixedly connected with the base through fixing bolts.
As preferable: the size of the base of the mounting bracket is 200-300mm, and the aperture of the bolt hole is 6-10 mm; the support legs of the mounting bracket are steel pipes with the diameters of 40mm-60mm, and the length of the support legs inserted into a river bed is not less than 2m.
As preferable: the sealing device is a hollow cylindrical glass cover, small holes for leading out a liquid pipe, a vent pipe and an observation cable are reserved on the hollow cylindrical glass cover, and the base of the sealing device is connected and sealed with the base of the mounting bracket.
As preferable: the diameter of the sealing device base is smaller than the size of the base, and the diameter of the sealing device base is 180-280mm.
As preferable: the output of the reader was 4000uA-20000uA.
The measuring method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river crossing tunnel construction comprises the following steps:
s1, underwater topography measurement:
an ultrasonic sounding instrument is adopted to be equipped with a global positioning system to form an underwater topography measuring system, corresponding elevations of each measuring point are calculated through water level data, and a riverbed section view or an underwater topography view is drawn;
s2, determining the range classification of the whole river bed:
dividing the river bed in the measuring range into a plurality of levels of test planes according to the height difference of the whole river bed on the sectional view, and totaling N levels of test planes;
s3, distributing measuring points:
in each horizontal range, arranging a settlement measuring point at intervals right above the axis of the shield tunnel; the upper magnetostrictive static level gauge and the lower magnetostrictive static level gauge are arranged on the mounting bracket at the same measuring point belonging to the adjacent two-stage measuring planes and used for sedimentation transmission of the adjacent two-stage measuring planes;
s4, system installation:
setting a pier as a datum point outside the influence range of the surface subsidence of the river bank, and installing a magnetostrictive static level gauge on the pier; according to the grading of the river bed and the arrangement of the measuring points, underwater operation is carried out on each stage of test plane, the supporting legs of the mounting bracket are pressed into the river bed, and the heights of the mounting bracket on each stage of test plane are on the same plane; the sealing device is sleeved outside the magnetostrictive static level, fastened and sealed through the fixing bolt, and then is installed and fixed on the base of the installation bracket;
connecting the magnetostrictive static level on each sedimentation point of the first-stage test plane and the magnetostrictive static level on the reference point in series by using a vent pipe and a liquid-through pipe, filling SG solution into the liquid-through pipe, connecting the magnetostrictive static level on other each stage of measurement points in series by using the vent pipe and the liquid-through pipe, and filling SG solution into the liquid-through pipe; connecting the magnetostrictive static level gauges on all levels of test planes to a reader by using an observation cable;
s5, calculating the riverbed settlement.
As preferable: in the step S5, the river bed settlement calculation includes:
(1) the reference point liquid level change amount Deltah of the static level is calculated according to the following formula:
△h 0 ＝K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )
wherein: k (K) 0 -a hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficient;
F 0 -current reading of the reference point of the hydrostatic level;
F 01 -initial reading of the reference point of the hydrostatic level;
(2) liquid level change delta h of each observation point of first-stage static level 1i Calculated according to the following formula:
△h 1i ＝K 1i (F 1i －F 10i )
wherein: k (K) 1i -first level hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients, i=1, 2, …, N;
F 10i -initial reading of the first level hydrostatic level observation point;
F 1i -current reading of the first level hydrostatic level observation point;
(3) the variation delta H of the settlement or elevation of each observation point of the first stage 1i Calculated according to the following formula:
△H 1i ＝△h 0 －△h 1i ＝K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )－K 1i (F 1i －F 10i )
(4) sedimentation transmission of two magnetostrictive static level gauges at the upper and lower of the same measuring point on the adjacent two-stage test planes, and the same measuring point delta H of the first and second-stage test planes 1N And DeltaH 21 Calculated according to the following formula:
the variation delta H of settlement or elevation of observation point of last static level of first stage 1N Calculated according to the following formula:
△H 1N ＝△h 0 －△h 1N ＝K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )－K 1N (F 1N －F 10N )
wherein: k (K) 1N -first stage last hydrostatic level viewpoint sensor coefficients;
F 10N -initial reading of the last level observation point of the first stage;
F 1N -current reading of the last hydrostatic level observation point of the first stage;
△h 1N -the level change of the observation point of the last static level of the first stage;
level change delta h of first static level of second stage 21 Calculated according to the following formula:
△h 21 ＝K 21 (F 21 －F 201 )
wherein: k (K) 21 -second level first hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficients;
F 21 -current reading of the second stage first hydrostatic level datum point;
F 201 -initial reading of the second stage first hydrostatic level datum point;
liquid level change delta h of each observation point of second-stage more than second static level 2i I.gtoreq.2 is calculated according to the following formula:
△h 2i ＝K 2i (F 2i －F 20i )
wherein: k (K) 2i -second-stage second or more hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients;
F 20i -initial reading of the second stage of the second or more hydrostatic level observation points;
F 2i -current readings of the second stage at least one point of observation of the hydrostatic level;
the change amount delta H of sedimentation or elevation of the first observation point of the second stage 21 Calculated according to the following formula:
△H 21 ＝△H 1N
the change delta H of sedimentation or elevation of the second-stage more than second observation point 2i I.gtoreq.2 is calculated according to the following formula:
△H 2i ＝△h 2i -△h 21 +△H 1N
and so on for the other stages.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention adopts a wide-range magnetostrictive static level, and simultaneously connects the levels in series in a grading way according to the difference of the topography of the river bed, thereby solving the measurement difficulty of the settlement of the river bed under the condition of large topography fluctuation.
2. According to the invention, automatic measurement is adopted for riverbed settlement in river crossing tunnel construction, manual measurement is not needed, vertical displacement and settlement relative to a reference point can be automatically obtained, the measurement precision is higher than that of manual measurement, the stability is higher, and the device is not influenced by low temperature.
3. The system for measuring the settlement of the riverbed can convert the monitoring signals obtained by monitoring into the water pressure and settlement change conditions of each measuring point at the bottom of the river in real time, has a large measuring range, can be suitable for measuring the settlement of the riverbed with large fluctuation and height difference in a large range, and solves the technical problem of measuring the settlement of the riverbed in the construction of the tunnel crossing the river.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for measuring the settlement static level of a river bed in a river-crossing tunnel construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a magnetostrictive static level;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a mounting bracket.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-magnetostriction type hydrostatic level gauge; 2-reading instrument; 3-observing the cable; 4-mounting a bracket; 5-datum point; 6-river bank; 7-sealing means; 8-a vent pipe; 9-measuring rod; 10-float; 11-horizontal bubbles; 12-a liquid pipe joint; 13-a liquid pipe valve; 14-a liquid passing pipe; 15-a sealing device base; 16-fixing bolts; 17-a reservoir; 18-a base; 19-bolt holes; 20-supporting legs; 21-magnetostriction level gauge; 22-SG solution.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples. The following examples are presented only to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Example 1
The first embodiment of the application provides a river bed settlement static leveling system for river crossing tunnel construction, which comprises a magnetostrictive static leveling instrument 1, a reading instrument 2, a mounting bracket 4 and a sealing device 7 as shown in fig. 1-3. The riverbed range is equipped with a plurality of grades of test planes, and every grade of test plane is equipped with a plurality of measuring point, sets up installing support 4 on every measuring point, and magnetostriction formula hydrostatic level 1 is fixed on installing support 4 upper portion, and magnetostriction formula hydrostatic level 1 outside sets up sealing device 7, interconnect between the magnetostriction formula hydrostatic level 1 of every grade of test plane to with reading instrument 2. The multi-stage magnetostriction type static leveling instrument is matched with the acquisition system together with the reference water point to form a complete riverbed settlement static leveling measurement system.
In this specific embodiment, the whole riverbed range is divided into a plurality of test planes according to the height difference, each test plane is a level, a plurality of measuring points are distributed on the level test plane according to a rule at certain intervals, and a magnetostrictive static level 1 is arranged on each measuring point. The same vertical measuring point between the two test planes adopts two magnetostriction type static leveling instruments to carry out sedimentation transmission.
In the specific embodiment, the magnetostrictive static level 1 consists of a magnetostrictive liquid level meter 21, a liquid storage cylinder 17, a liquid through pipe 14, a vent pipe 8, an observation cable 3 and other parts; a magnetostrictive liquid level meter 21 is arranged on the liquid storage barrel 17, an observation cable 3 is arranged on the magnetostrictive liquid level meter 21, and the measuring rod 9 and the floater 10 are positioned in the liquid storage barrel 17; the upper part of the liquid storage barrel 17 is provided with a vent pipe 8 and a horizontal bubble 11, the lower part of the liquid storage barrel 17 is provided with a liquid through pipe 14, and the liquid through pipe 14 is communicated with the liquid storage barrel 17 through a liquid through pipe joint 12 and a liquid through pipe valve 13; in each stage, the liquid passing pipes 14 of the magnetostrictive static level 1 are connected with each other, and SG solution 22 is filled in the liquid passing pipes; in each stage, the vent pipes 8 of the magnetostrictive static level gauge 1 are connected with each other, and the observation cables 3 of the magnetostrictive static level gauge 1 are connected with each other.
In this embodiment, red and black of the reader 2 are power supply, and green and white are signal lines.
In this particular embodiment, the mounting bracket 4 comprises a foot 20 and a base 18, the foot 20 being made up of 4 steel pipes, the length of which is determined by the distance of each level of test plane from the river bed. 4 bolt holes 19 are distributed on the base 18, the bolt hole positions correspond to the magnetostrictive static level base, and the magnetostrictive static level base is fixedly connected with the base 18 of the mounting bracket 4 through the fixing bolts 16 during mounting.
In this embodiment, the sealing device 7 is a hollow cylindrical glass cover, and small holes are reserved on the hollow cylindrical glass cover for leading out the liquid pipe 14, the vent pipe 8 and the observation cable 3, and the base 15 of the sealing device is connected and sealed with the base 18 of the mounting bracket 4 to prevent the magnetostrictive static level from being damaged.
In this particular embodiment, magnetostrictive level gauge 21 ranges from 0-3000mm, resolution from 0.005-0.015mm/uA, repetition accuracy <0.05% f.s., combined error <0.1% f.s. The working environment temperature of the riverbed settlement static leveling system is-15 ℃ to +70 ℃.
In this particular embodiment, the output of the reader 2 is 4000uA-20000uA.
In this embodiment, the observation cable 3 is a quad cable model number YSPT-4, the quad color line definitions are red (DC 24 v+), black (-or GND) as the power line, and green (signal-or RS 485B), white (signal + or RS 485A) as the signal line, respectively.
In this particular embodiment, the base 18 of the mounting bracket is 200-300mm in size and the bolt hole 19 has a diameter of 6-10 mm.
In this embodiment, the legs 20 of the mounting bracket are steel pipes having a diameter of 40mm-60mm, which should be inserted into the river bed to a length of not less than 2m.
In this particular embodiment, the diameter of the bottom of the sealing means 7 is slightly smaller than the size of the seat 18, being 180-280mm.
Example two
The second embodiment of the application provides a method for measuring the settlement static force level of a river bed in river crossing tunnel construction, which comprises the following steps:
s1, underwater topography measurement
An ultrasonic sounding instrument is equipped with an RTK GPS global positioning system to form an underwater topography measuring system, corresponding elevations of each measuring point are calculated through data such as water level and the like, and a riverbed section view or an underwater topography view is drawn.
S2, determining the range classification of the whole riverbed
According to the height difference of the whole river bed on the sectional view, dividing the river bed in the measuring range into a plurality of horizontal stages, and totally N horizontal stages (namely a test plane).
S3, measuring point layout
And in each horizontal range, according to the settlement measurement specification, arranging a settlement measuring point every 20m right above the axis of the shield tunnel. The installation support is required to be capable of installing and arranging an upper magnetostrictive static level gauge and a lower magnetostrictive static level gauge on the same measuring point belonging to two adjacent horizontal levels for sedimentation transmission of the two adjacent horizontal levels.
S4, system installation
Outside the influence range of the surface subsidence of the river bank, a measuring pier is set as a datum point, and a magnetostrictive static level gauge is arranged on the measuring pier. According to the grading of the river bed and the arrangement of the measuring points, the support legs of the mounting brackets are pressed into the river bed in each horizontal stage in underwater operation, and the heights of the mounting brackets on each horizontal stage are ensured to be on the same plane. The sealing device is sleeved outside the magnetostrictive static level, fastened and sealed through the fixing bolt, and then is arranged on the base of the mounting bracket for fastening.
The magnetostrictive static level on each sedimentation point of the first level and the magnetostrictive static level on the reference point are connected in series by a vent pipe and a liquid passing pipe, and pressure guiding liquid (SG solution) is filled in the liquid passing pipe, and the magnetostrictive static level on other each level of the measurement points is also connected in series by the vent pipe and the liquid passing pipe, and the pressure guiding liquid (SG solution) is filled in the liquid passing pipe. The magnetostrictive static leveling instruments on two adjacent horizontal stages are not communicated. Finally, the magnetostrictive static leveling instrument on all the level stages is connected to an acquisition system (reading instrument) by using an observation cable, so that a complete magnetostrictive static leveling sedimentation monitoring system can be formed.
S5, river bed sedimentation calculation
(1) Reference point liquid level change quantity delta h of static level 0 (mm) can be calculated as follows:
△h 0 ＝K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )
wherein: k (K) 0 -a hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficient (mm/F);
F 0 -a current reading (F) of the reference point of the hydrostatic level;
F 01 -initial reading of the reference point of the hydrostatic level (F).
(2) Liquid level change delta h of each observation point of first-stage static level 1i (mm) can be calculated as follows:
△h 1i ＝K 1i (F 1i －F 10i )
wherein: k (K) 1i -first stageThe hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficient (mm/F), i=1, 2, the N is as follows;
F 10i -initial reading (F) of the first level hydrostatic level observation point;
F 1i -current reading (F) of the first level hydrostatic level observation point.
(3) The variation delta H of the settlement or elevation of each observation point of the first stage 1i (mm) can be calculated as follows:
△H 1i ＝△h 0 －△h 1i ＝K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )－K 1i (F 1i －F 10i )
(4) sedimentation transfer delta H of two magnetostrictive static level gauges at the upper and lower of the same measuring point on two adjacent horizontal stages ji (mm) can be calculated by the following formula (at the same measurement point DeltaH of the first and second horizontal levels) 1N And DeltaH 21 Examples):
the change delta H of settlement or elevation of the observation point of the last static level (first level, nth measurement point) of the first level 1N (mm) can be calculated as follows:
△H 1N ＝△h 0 －△h 1N ＝K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )－K 1N (F 1N －F 10N )
wherein: k (K) 1N -first stage last level observation point sensor coefficient (mm/F);
F 10N -initial reading (F) of the last level observation point of the first stage;
F 1N -the current reading (F) of the last level observation point of the first stage;
△h 1N level change of the last observation point (first stage, nth point) of the first stage of the static level. Second stage first hydrostatic level (second stage, 1 st) level change Δh 21 (mm) can be calculated as follows:
△h 21 ＝K 21 (F 21 －F 201 )
wherein:K 21 -second level first hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficient (mm/F);
F 21 -the current reading (F) of the second stage first hydrostatic level datum point;
F 201 -initial reading (F) of the second stage first hydrostatic level datum point.
Liquid level change delta h of each observation point of second-stage more than second static level 2i (mm) (i.gtoreq.2) can be calculated according to the following formula:
△h 2i ＝K 2i (F 2i －F 20i )
wherein: k (K) 2i -second stage second or more hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients (mm/F);
F 20i -initial readings (F) of the second stage at least one point of observation of the hydrostatic level;
F 2i -the current reading (F) of the second stage of the second or more hydrostatic level observation points.
The change amount delta H of sedimentation or elevation of the first observation point of the second stage 21 (mm) can be calculated as follows:
△H 21 ＝△H 1N
the second and above observation points are settled or raised by the change delta H 2i (mm) (i.gtoreq.2) can be calculated according to the following formula:
△H 2i ＝△h 2i -△h 21 +△H 1N (i≥2)
and so on for the other stages.
Compared with the traditional inductive, capacitive or vibrating wire type static leveling instrument, the river bed settlement static leveling instrument has the advantages of small measuring range and low precision, and has higher environmental requirements. The system for measuring the settlement of the river bed can convert the monitoring signals obtained by monitoring into the water pressure and settlement change conditions of each measuring point at the bottom of the river in real time, has high precision and wide measuring range, can be suitable for measuring the settlement of the river bed with large range and large fluctuation height difference, and solves the technical problem of measuring the settlement of the river bed in the construction of the river-crossing tunnel.
Claims (9)
1. A measuring method of a river bed settlement static leveling system for river crossing tunnel construction is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the measuring system comprises a magnetostrictive static level (1), a reader (2), a mounting bracket (4) and a sealing device (7); the river bed range is provided with a plurality of levels of test planes, each level of test plane is provided with a plurality of measuring points, a mounting bracket (4) is arranged on each measuring point, a magnetostrictive static level gauge (1) is fixed on each mounting bracket (4), a sealing device (7) is arranged outside each magnetostrictive static level gauge (1), and the magnetostrictive static level gauges (1) of each level of test plane are connected with each other and are connected with a reader (2); the measuring method comprises the following steps:
s1, underwater topography measurement:
an ultrasonic sounding instrument is adopted to be equipped with a global positioning system to form an underwater topography measuring system, corresponding elevations of each measuring point are calculated through water level data, and a riverbed section view or an underwater topography view is drawn;
s2, determining the range classification of the whole river bed:
dividing the river bed in the measuring range into a plurality of levels of test planes according to the height difference of the whole river bed on the sectional view, and totaling N levels of test planes;
s3, distributing measuring points:
in each horizontal range, arranging a settlement measuring point at intervals right above the axis of the shield tunnel; the upper magnetostrictive static level gauge and the lower magnetostrictive static level gauge are arranged on the mounting bracket at the same measuring point belonging to the adjacent two-stage measuring planes and used for sedimentation transmission of the adjacent two-stage measuring planes;
s4, system installation:
setting a pier as a datum point outside the influence range of the surface subsidence of the river bank, and installing a magnetostrictive static level gauge on the pier; according to the grading of the river bed and the arrangement of the measuring points, underwater operation is carried out on each stage of test plane, the supporting legs of the mounting bracket are pressed into the river bed, and the heights of the mounting bracket on each stage of test plane are on the same plane; the sealing device is sleeved outside the magnetostrictive static level, fastened and sealed through the fixing bolt, and then is installed and fixed on the base of the installation bracket;
the magnetostrictive static level on each sedimentation point of the first-stage test plane and the magnetostrictive static level on the datum point are connected in series through the vent pipe and the liquid pipe, and the liquid pipe is filled with solution; connecting the magnetostrictive static level gauges on all levels of test planes to a reader by using an observation cable;
s5, calculating the riverbed settlement.
2. The measurement method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 1, wherein the measurement method comprises the following steps of: the same vertical measuring point between two adjacent testing planes is provided with a mounting bracket (4), and two magnetostrictive static force level gauges (1) are correspondingly arranged on the mounting bracket (4).
3. The measurement method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 1, wherein the measurement method comprises the following steps of: the magnetostrictive static level (1) mainly comprises a magnetostrictive liquid level meter (21), a liquid storage cylinder (17), a liquid through pipe (14), a vent pipe (8) and an observation cable (3); a magnetostrictive liquid level meter (21) is arranged on the liquid storage cylinder (17), an observation cable (3) is arranged on the magnetostrictive liquid level meter (21), and the measuring rod (9) and the floater (10) are positioned in the liquid storage cylinder (17); the upper part of the liquid storage cylinder (17) is provided with a vent pipe (8) and a horizontal bubble (11), the lower part of the liquid storage cylinder (17) is provided with a liquid through pipe (14), and the liquid through pipe (14) is communicated with the liquid storage cylinder (17) through a liquid through pipe joint (12) and a liquid through pipe valve (13); in each stage of test plane, the liquid passing pipes (14) of each magnetostrictive static level (1) are connected with each other, and the liquid passing pipes (14) are internally filled with a solution (22); in each stage of the test plane, the vent pipes (8) of the magnetostrictive static level gauges (1) are connected with each other, and the observation cables (3) of the magnetostrictive static level gauges (1) are connected with each other.
4. The measurement method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 1, wherein the measurement method comprises the following steps of: the mounting bracket (4) comprises a supporting leg (20) and a base (18), wherein the supporting leg (20) is composed of a plurality of steel pipes, a plurality of bolt holes (19) are distributed on the base (18), and the magnetostrictive static level base and the base (18) are fixedly connected through fixing bolts (16).
5. The measuring method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 4, wherein the measuring method comprises the following steps of: the size of the base (18) of the mounting bracket is 200-300mm, and the aperture of the bolt hole (19) is 6-10 mm; the support legs (20) of the mounting bracket are steel pipes with the diameter of 40mm-60mm, and the length of the steel pipes inserted into a river bed is not less than 2m.
6. The measurement method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 1, wherein the measurement method comprises the following steps of: the sealing device (7) is a hollow cylindrical glass cover, small holes for leading out a liquid pipe (14), a vent pipe (8) and an observation cable (3) are reserved on the hollow cylindrical glass cover, and a base (15) of the sealing device is connected and sealed with a base (18) of the mounting bracket (4).
7. The measuring method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 6, wherein the measuring method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the sealing device base (15) is smaller than the size of the base (18), and the diameter of the sealing device base (15) is 180-280mm.
8. The measurement method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 1, wherein the measurement method comprises the following steps of: the output of the reader (2) is 4000uA-20000uA.
9. The measurement method of the river bed settlement static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction of claim 1, wherein the measurement method comprises the following steps of: in the step S5, the river bed settlement calculation includes:
(1) the reference point liquid level change amount Deltah of the static level is calculated according to the following formula:
△h 0 =K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )
wherein: k (K) 0 -a hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficient;
F 0 -current reading of the reference point of the hydrostatic level;
F 01 -initial reading of the reference point of the hydrostatic level;
(2) liquid level change delta h of each observation point of first-stage static level 1i Calculated according to the following formula:
△h 1i =K 1i (F 1i －F 10i )
wherein: k (K) 1i -first level hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients, i=1, 2, …, N;
F 10i -initial reading of the first level hydrostatic level observation point;
F 1i -current reading of the first level hydrostatic level observation point;
(3) the variation delta H of the settlement or elevation of each observation point of the first stage 1i Calculated according to the following formula:
△H 1i =△h 0 －△h 1i =K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )－K 1i (F 1i －F 10i )
(4) sedimentation transmission of two magnetostrictive static level gauges at the upper and lower of the same measuring point on the adjacent two-stage test planes, and the same measuring point delta H of the first and second-stage test planes 1N And DeltaH 21 Calculated according to the following formula:
the variation delta H of settlement or elevation of observation point of last static level of first stage 1N Calculated according to the following formula:
△H 1N =△h 0 －△h 1N =K 0 (F 0 －F 01 )－K 1N (F 1N －F 10N )
wherein: k (K) 1N -first stage last hydrostatic level viewpoint sensor coefficients;
F 10N -initial reading of the last level observation point of the first stage;
F 1N -current reading of the last hydrostatic level observation point of the first stage;
△h 1N -the level change of the observation point of the last static level of the first stage;
level change delta h of first static level of second stage 21 Calculated according to the following formula:
△h 21 =K 21 (F 21 －F 201 )
wherein: k (K) 21 -second level first hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficients;
F 21 -current reading of the second stage first hydrostatic level datum point;
F 201 -initial reading of the second stage first hydrostatic level datum point;
liquid level change delta h of each observation point of second-stage more than second static level 2i I.gtoreq.2 is calculated according to the following formula:
△h 2i =K 2i (F 2i －F 20i )
wherein: k (K) 2i -second-stage second or more hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients;
F 20i -initial reading of the second stage of the second or more hydrostatic level observation points;
F 2i -current readings of the second stage at least one point of observation of the hydrostatic level;
the change amount delta H of sedimentation or elevation of the first observation point of the second stage 21 Calculated according to the following formula:
△H 21 = △H 1N
the change delta H of sedimentation or elevation of the second-stage more than second observation point 2i I.gtoreq.2 is calculated according to the following formula:
△H 2i = △h 2i -△h 21 +△H 1N
and so on for the other stages.
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