AU2019202090A1 - A multistage penetrating in-situ device and method to observe sand waves on the seabed based on resistivity probe - Google Patents
A multistage penetrating in-situ device and method to observe sand waves on the seabed based on resistivity probe Download PDFInfo
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- seabed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
Abstract
A multistage penetrating in-situ observation device to observe sand waves on the seabed
comprises a supporting structure, a multistage penetrating mechanism, a resistivity probe (4)
with ring electrodes (19) and supporting observation instruments. The multistage penetrating
system is triggered by characteristics of different stages of sand wave movement to
penetrate the seabed with the probe. The penetrated area is observed to extract the
elevation profile where the resistivity changes suddenly and to analyze the changes of sandy
seabed with time. The method includes inversion of the elevation changes of sand waves on
the seabed by resistivity. The invention provides for in-situ and real-time observation of sand
wave movement on the seabed, and a new method to penetrate small and medium-sized
development areas of sand waves on the seabed. The equipment is simple, easy to operate,
and in-situ and real-time observation is applicable to a wide range of waters.
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Description
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1.
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seabed observation and the geological field of ocean engineering, in particular to a multistage penetrating sin-situ device and method based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed.
[0002] Sand wave on seabed is a type of narrow intermittent seabed topography formed by sandy sediments of continental shelf with a ridge line perpendicular to the direction of the main water flow under the hydrodynamic action of ocean waves and tides. A large number of facts indicate that the existence and movement of submarine sand waves have a great impact on the safety of submarine pipelines. The movement of sand waves is very likely to cause the suspension or burial of submarine cables. In more serious cases, the submarine cables will be broken and failed, thereby bringing a huge threat to economic security and environmental safety, therefore, it is of great significance to conduct observational studies on sand waves on the seabed.
[0003] Prior sources of research data on the movement of sand waves on the seabed are mainly acoustic instruments such as multi-beam repeated sounding and side-scanning sonar. The geophysical vessels are dispatched to the target water at intervals to measure the depth of the water repeatedly using acoustic instruments such as multi-beam and side scanning sonar, and the observation of sand wave movement is achieved by the variation of water depth. With a large amount of vessel time spent, prior studies only obtain intermittent data rather than in-situ real-time observation of sand waves on the seabed. From the public data searched, it is found that: An Accurate Detection Method for Large-scale Complicated Sand Wave Landform on the Seabed (Patent No.: CN2013103117430.1) and A Detection Method for the Movement of Sand Wave Landform on the Seabed Based on MBES (Patent No.: CN201310317429.9), both use high-resolution multi-beam sounding technology and positioning system as the core technologies to detect the movement of sand waves on the seabed. This observation method is simple and easy, but it needs to be conducted repeatedly at intervals and in-situ observation cannot be realized. The intermittent data cannot accurately determine the specific situation of sand wave movement. An In-situ Real time Device and Method to Observe Sand Waves on the Seabed (Publication No.:
2.
CN107631720A) and A Device and Method Based on Pressure Gauge to Observe the Movement of Sand Waves on the Seabed (Publication No.: CN107063196A), both obtain in situ, long-term and continuous observation data through long-term in-situ observation, but they both inverse the height changes of sand waves through water pressure changes. The processing of changes in complex water pressure on the seabed is very complicated and large errors will occur.
[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multistage penetrating sin-situ device and method based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed to realize the in-situ observation of the movement of sand waves on the seabed.
[0005] The multistage penetrating sin-situ device and method based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed is characterized in that, it comprises a supporting structure and a resistivity probe with a multistage penetrating mechanism;
[0006] The supporting structure is used for supporting the resistivity probe to prevent it from tipping over. A plurality of supporting legs are arranged under the supporting structure and a plurality of cables are arranged on the top of the supporting structure. The upper ends of the cables are connected to the upper outer wall of the resistivity probe. The supporting structure is equipped with a rotating imaging sonar and a current meter. An annular control cabin made of corrosion-resistant material is in the middle of the supporting structure. The annular control cabin surrounds the outer circumference of the resistivity probe. An acceleration sensor and an attitude sensor are arranged in the annular control cabin;
[0007] The middle of the resistivity probe is an insulated rod. The bottom of the insulated rod is fitted with a penetrating cone tip and a metal ring is arranged on the top. The metal ring is connected to the bottom of the acoustic release device. The top of the acoustic release device is connected to the laying cable, and the upper outer wall of the insulated rod is provided with a counterweight cabin;
[0008] The upper outer wall of the insulated rod is provided with a plurality of annular grooves. The annular grooves are points bearing the downward force from the resistivity probe; the outer wall of the insulated rod is arranged with equally spaced electrode rings;
3.
[0009] The counterweight cabin is provided with an acceleration sensor and an attitude sensor; in addition, an observation circuit comprising a power supply, a main processor, a memory, a data acquisition circuit and a sensing circuit is mounted in the annular control cabin or the counterweight cabin;
[0010] The annular control cabin is connected to two Kevlar cables, a first is connected to the resistivity probe and the counterweight cabin, and a second is connected to the ejection release device of the second-stage release device;
[0011] The acceleration sensors and the attitude sensors are respectively connected to the sensing circuit through the Kevlar cable. The data acquisition circuit and the sensing circuit are respectively connected to the main processor;
[0012] The Kevlar cable is also connected to each electrode ring on the outer wall of the insulated rod through a plurality of wires, thereby supplying power to the electrode rings to form a plurality of electrode sequences controlled by the data acquisition circuit. Any four adjacent electrodes form one electrode group, wherein the middle two are measurement electrodes, and the end two are power supply electrodes; the main processor controls the data acquisition circuit to supply power to the power supply electrodes, and measures the potential difference between the two measurement electrodes;
[0013] The multistage penetrating mechanism comprises an acoustic release device attached to the lower end of the laying cable, a second-stage penetrating device above the annular control cabin, and a third-stage penetrating device under the annular control cabin; the second-stage penetrating device and the third-stage penetrating device both surround the outer circumference of the multistage resistivity probe;
[0014] Wherein the second-stage penetrating device and the third-stage penetrating device are respectively composed of a guide tube and an ejection release device sleeved on the upper portion of the guide tube;
[0015] The ejection release device comprises a tube, an annular platform on the top edge of the tube, an energy storage compression spring on the lower end surface of the annular platform and a connecting rod at a lower inner wall of the annular platform. The connecting rod is controlled by a relay switch to achieve contraction; the relay switch is mounted inside the tube, powered by the annular control cabin and controlled by the main processor;
4.
[0016] A groove is arranged on the upper outer wall of the guide tube. The connecting rod fixes the guide tube to the lower annular platform by extending into the groove. The lower end of the energy storage compression spring is pressed against the upper edge of the guide tube;
[0017] When the relay switch is turned on, the connecting rod is retracted into the groove on the release tube, and the energy storage compression spring pushes down the guide tube to release;
[0018] The lower edge of the guide tube is provided with a plurality of guide blocks. Each guide block is connected to the lower end of the guide tube through a rotating shaft and can be rotated around the shaft inside the guide tube up to the horizontal position. The upper outer end of the guide block is curved and the lower outer end is flat;
[0019] The lower outer end of the guide block is connected to one end of the pressure spring. The other end of the pressure spring is connected to the guide tube to provide elasticity to the guide block to achieve upward rotation. When the resistivity probe moves downward, as the guide block has a curved outer end, it will not block the resistivity probe. When the resistivity probe is blocked to penetrate, the ejection release device will release the guide tube downward and provides a downward driving force. The guide tube moves downward relative to the resistivity probe, then the guide block rotates upward under the action of the pressure spring and enters an annular groove on the outer surface of the resistivity probe. The lower end surface of the guide block takes the annular groove as a force point to push the resistivity probe to move downward.
[0020] The supporting structure comprises a supporting frame; three or more equally spaced supporting legs are provided under the supporting frame; a supporting cone tip is arranged under the supporting legs; the annular control cabin is mounted in the middle of the bottom of the supporting frame; the current meter and the rotating imaging sonar are also mounted on the supporting frame.
[0021] A supporting plate with a counterweight tray is arranged between the supporting legs and the supporting cone tip.
[0022] The supporting structure further comprises supporting reinforcing bars. The supporting reinforcing bars are used to support the annular platform, thereby supporting the second-stage penetrating device above the annular control cabin.
5.
Working Principle
[0023] The penetrating principle is to achieve effective penetration into the small and medium-sized development areas of sand waves on the seabed relying on the three-stage penetrating system and the acceleration sensor and the attitude sensor built in the probe. The multistage penetrating system triggers the first-stage gravity penetrating system after the supporting plate bottoms out, and the probe is released by the release device. The probe penetrates downward under the action of the self-weight of the probe and the counterweight tray and the constraint of the guide tubes of the second-stage and the third-stage penetrating systems. With the continuous movement of sand waves, if the sand wave trough gradually moves toward the rod, the depth of penetration of the cone tip relative to the surface of the sand wave decreases and the rod slips under the action of gravity. When the acceleration sensor records the replacement of the rod after the first-stage penetration, the second-stage system will be triggered. The third-stage penetrating system is jointly controlled by the acceleration sensor according to displacement and the set time. When displacement occurs after the second-stage penetration within the set time or when the set time is passed, the third-stage penetrating system will be triggered. In order to achieve effective observation, the rod should be penetrated into the body of the sand waves on the seabed effectively.
[0024] The monitoring principle is to reflect the change of the elevation of the sandy seabed surface by simultaneously observing the potential values of the sand waves on the seabed and the near-bottom water body in the sea area where the observation device is placed. The part with the highest resistivity is the seabed resistivity, the middle point between the first maximum value and the previous minimum value is the sandy seabed surface, and the upper part is the seawater resistivity, wherein the part with the lowest resistivity is the unaffected seawater. The median value of the resistivity is the boundary between the water body and the sandy seabed. The change process of the wave height of sand waves on the seabed at the measurement point will be obtained by comparing the data recorded in different measurement periods. The height difference between the peak value and the valley value is the wave height. The time interval recorded by the two maximum values of the adjacent elevations is the time required for the sand wave to move one wavelength, that is, the period. The imaging sonar dynamically measures the topography to obtain the wavelength of a sand wave, that is, movement speed of sand wave = wavelength / period.
[0025] The data collected above are processed as follows:
6.
[0026] The resistivity profile of the sand wave measured by the resistivity probe is used to extract the elevation information of the position where the resistivity value changes suddenly and the data recorded by the acceleration sensor is used to correct the elevation, and then the height (H) of sand waves on the seabed is obtained. The time interval between the two maximum values is the period (T) the time required for the sand wave to move one wavelength. The imaging sonar records the terrain to obtain the wavelength data (A). That is, V = A / T.
[0027] The multistage penetrating in-situ observation device and method based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed can penetrate the probe into the development areas of sand waves on the seabed more easily and more effectively and inverse the elevation changes of sand waves on the seabed through changes of resistivity on the profile, which is of great significance for the monitoring of sand wave movement on the seabed and for the study of early warning programs.
[0028] In the technical field of seabed observation in China, the in-situ observation technology of sand wave movement on the seabed based on resistivity profile detection is still blank. The present invention is simple and easy to operate, and will effectively fill this blank, promote the development of the prevention and control of marine geological disasters in China and ensure the safety of seabed infrastructure projects. The invention provides a new idea for the in-situ and real-time observation of the movement of sand waves on the seabed, and provides a new method to penetrate into the small and medium-sized development areas of sand waves on the seabed. The invention is characterized in that the device is simple and easy to operate, and the in-situ and real-time observation is applicable to a wide range of waters, etc.
[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the entire structure of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the supporting structure of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 3 is a structural view of a resistivity probe of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the second-stage and the third stage penetrating devices of the present invention.
7.
[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the circuit connection relationship of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the observation device and the auxiliary vessel of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the process of placing and penetrating the observation device of the present invention.
[0036] Figure 8 is a flow chart showing the observation of the sand wave movement of the present invention.
[0037] In the figures, 1 - supporting cone tip, 2 supporting plate with counterweight tray, 3 supporting leg, 4-resistivity probe, 5-current meter, 6-rotating imaging sonar, 7-annular control cabin, 8 - supporting reinforcing bar, 9-guide tube, 10-ejection release device, 11 Kevlar cable, 12-cable, 13- counterweight cabin, 14-release ring, 15-laying cable, 16-release device, 17- penetrating cone tip, 18-insulated rod, 19-electrode ring, 20-wire, 21-annular groove, 22-guide block, 23-pressure spring, 24-relay switch, 25-connecting rod, 26-energy storage compression spring, 27-annular platform, 28-auxiliary vessel, 29-hositing device, 30 groove, 31-tube
[0038] As shown in Figure 1-5, the multistage penetrating in-situ device and method based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed is characterized in that it comprises a supporting structure and a resistivity probe 4 with a multistage penetrating mechanism,
[0039] The supporting structure is used for supporting the resistivity probe to prevent it from tipping over. A plurality of supporting legs 3 are arranged under the supporting structure and a plurality of cables 12 are arranged on the top of the supporting structure. The upper end of the cables are connected to the upper outer wall of the resistivity probe 4. The supporting structure is equipped with a rotating imaging sonar 5 and a current meter 6. An annular control cabin 7 made of corrosion-resistant material is arranged in the middle of the supporting structure. The annular control cabin 7 surrounds the outer circumference of the resistivity probe 4. An acceleration sensor and an attitude sensor are arranged in the annular control cabin 7;
8.
[0040] The middle of the resistivity probe 4 is an insulated rod 18. The bottom of the insulated rod 18 is fitted with a cone tip 17 and a release ring 14 is arranged on the top. The release ring 14 is connected to the bottom of the acoustic release device 16. The top of the acoustic release device 16 is connected to the laying cable 15, and the upper outer wall of the insulated rod 18 is provided with a counterweight cabin13;
[0041] The upper outer wall of the insulated rod 18 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 21. The annular grooves 21 are points bearing the downward force from the resistivity probe 4; the outer wall of the insulated rod 18 is arranged with equally spaced electrode rings 19;
[0042] The counterweight cabin 13 is provided with an acceleration sensor and an attitude sensor; in addition, a power supply, a main processor, a memory, a data acquisition circuit and a sensing circuit - all these components are mounted in the annular control cabin 7 or the counterweight cabin 13;
[0043] The annular control cabin 7 is connected to two Kevlar cables 11, a first is connected to the counterweight cabin 13 of the resistivity probe 4, and a second is connected to the ejection release device 10 of the second-stage release device;
[0044] The acceleration sensors and the attitude sensors are respectively connected to the sensing circuit through the first Kevlar cable 11. The data acquisition circuit and the sensing circuit are respectively connected to the main processor;
[0045] The first Kevlar cable 11 is also connected to each electrode ring 19 on the outer wall of the insulated rod 18 through a plurality of wires 20 located inside the resistivity probe 4, thereby supplying power to the electrode rings 19 to form a plurality of electrode sequences controlled by the data acquisition circuit; any four adjacent electrodes form one electrode group, wherein the middle two are measurement electrodes, and the end two are power supply electrodes; the main processor controls the data acquisition circuit to supply power to the power supply electrodes, and measures the potential difference between the two measurement electrodes;
[0046] The multistage penetrating mechanism comprises an acoustic release device 16 attached to the lower end of the laying cable 15, a second-stage penetrating device above the annular control cabin 7, and a third-stage penetrating device under the annular control
9.
cabin 7; the second-stage penetrating device and the third-stage penetrating device both surround the outer circumference of the multistage resistivity probe;
[0047] Wherein the second-stage penetrating device and the third-stage penetrating device are respectively composed of a guide tube 9 and an ejection release device 10 sleeved on the upper part of the guide tube 9;
[0048] The ejection release device 10 comprises a tube 31, an annular platform 27 on the top edge of the tube 31, an energy storage compression spring 26 on the lower end surface of the annular platform 27 and a connecting rod 25 at the in lower inner wall of the annular platform 27. The connecting rod 25 is controlled by a relay switch 24 to achieve contraction; the relay switch 24 is mounted inside the tube 31, powered by the annular control cabin 7 and controlled by the main processor;
[0049] A groove 30 is arranged on the upper outer wall of the guide tube 9. The connecting rod 28 fixes the guide tube 9 to the lower part of the annular platform 27 by extending into the groove 30. The lower end of the energy storage compression spring 26 is pressed against the upper edge of the guide tube 9;
[0050] When the relay switch 24 is turned on, the connecting rod 28 is retracted into the groove 30 on the release tube, and the energy storage compression spring 26 pushes down the guide tube 9 to release;
[0051] The lower edge of the guide tube 9 is provided with a plurality of guide blocks 22. Each guide block 22 is connected to the lower end of the guide tube 9 through a rotating shaft and can be rotated around the shaft inside the guide tube 9 up to the horizontal position. The upper outer end of the guide block 22 is curved and the lower outer end is flat;
[0052] The lower outer end of the guide block 22 is connected to one end of the pressure spring 23. The other end of the pressure spring 23 is connected to the guide tube 9 to provide elasticity to the guide block 22 to achieve upward rotation. When the resistivity probe moves downward, as the guide block 22 has a curved outer end, it will not block the resistivity probe 4. When the resistivity probe 4 is blocked to penetrate, the ejection release device 10 will release the guide tube 9 downward and provides a downward driving force. The guide tube 9 moves downward relative to the resistivity probe 4, then the guide block 22 rotates upward under the action of the pressure spring 23 and enters an annular groove 21 on the outer surface of the resistivity probe 4.The lower end surface of the guide block 22
10.
takes the annular groove 21 as a force point to push the resistivity probe 4 to move downward.
[0053] The supporting structure comprises a supporting frame; three or more equally spaced supporting legs 3 are provided under the supporting frame; a supporting cone tip 1 is arranged under the supporting legs; the annular control cabin 7 is mounted in the middle of the supporting frame; the rotating imaging sonar 5 and the current meter 6 are also mounted on the supporting frame.
[0054] A supporting plate 2 with a counterweight tray is arranged between the supporting legs 3 and the supporting cone tip 1.
[0055] The supporting structure further comprises supporting reinforcing bars 8. The supporting reinforcing bars 8 are used to support the annular platform 27, thereby supporting the second-stage penetrating device above the annular control cabin 7.
[0056] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the multistage penetrating method of resistivity probe using the multistage penetrating in-situ device based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed, is characterized in that, it includes the following steps:
1) The multistage penetrating in-situ device based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed is hoisted to the surface of the seabed by the onboard crane 29 of the auxiliary vessel 28. The acceleration sensor in the annular control cabin 7 is used to determine whether the supporting structure touches the surface of the seabed, and then the resistivity probe is freely released by the acoustic release device 16, so that it penetrates into the sandy seabed at a certain initial velocity under the action of gravity. When the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin 13 receives the bottoming signal, it will transmit the bottoming signal received to the main processor, and then the resistivity probe starts to work according to the preset mode; the second-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state;
2) After the start of the work, if the sand wave trough moves toward the resistivity probe gradually, the penetration depth of the penetrating cone tip 17 relative to the surface of the sand wave decreases, and the wall friction resistance also decreases; the resistivity probe 4 slips downward after the penetration resistance drops to a certain value. After the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin 13 detects the displacement, the second stage penetrating device is triggered, and then the ejection release device 10 will release the
11.
guide tube 9 downward and provides a downward driving force. The guide tube 9 moves downward relative to the resistivity probe, then the guide block 22 moves upward under the action of the pressure spring 23 and enters an annular groove 21 on the outer surface of the resistivity probe. The lower end surface of the guide block 22 takes the annular groove 21 as a force point to push the resistivity probe to move downward;
3) When the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin 13 of the resistivity probe receives the bottoming signal, it will transmit the bottoming signal received to the main processor, and then the resistivity probe starts to work according to the preset mode; the third-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state;
4) The triggering mode of the third-stage penetrating system is the same as the replacement triggering system of the second-stage penetrating device;
5) After the in-situ observation period ends, the observation device is recovered by lowering the cabled submarine unmanned vessel after the auxiliary vessel 28 is driven to the target point.
6) The multistage penetrating method in Claim 5, is characterized in that, a time triggering mechanism is contained in Step 3), that is, after the second-stage penetration is completed and the rod does not slip within the set time, then, after the set time is passed, the third-stage penetrating device will be triggered regardless of whether the acceleration sensor detects the displacement or not, and the resistivity probe will be further penetrated downward.
[0057] As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8,a method to observe changes in the movement of sand waves on the seabed using the multistage penetrating in-situ device based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed, is characterized in that, it includes the following steps:
1) Indoor calibration test:
1.1) First of all, place the observation device in a large simulation sink;
1.2) Then simulate the real movement process of sand waves on the seabed, and use a laser range finder to accurately measure the changes in surface elevation
12.
of sand waves throughout the process while using the probe of the present invention to measure the process;
1.3) Compare the measurement result of the observation device with the measurement result of the laser range finder, obtain the measurement deviation, establish the relationship between the observation result of the observation device and the real change of the seabed, and obtain the correction coefficient;
2) Examine and set the observation device to ensure that all sensors are in normal working condition; and assemble the supporting structure, the multistage penetrating system and the resistivity probe;
3) Calculate the cone tip resistance and wall friction resistance of the seabed according to seabed geological data and dynamic penetration data of the target point, and determine the penetration degree. Set the annular counterweight accordingly to ensure that the penetrating cone tip 17 of the resistivity probe 4 can enter the seabed completely under the action of first-stage gravity penetration, and set the displacement and time to trigger the second-stage and the third-stage penetrating devices;
4) Use the GPS positioning system of the auxiliary vessel 28 to drive the auxiliary vessel to the target point;
5) The device is hoisted to the surface of the seabed by the onboard crane 29 of the auxiliary vessel 28. When the onboard release system receives the signal from the acceleration sensor in the annular control cabin 7 showing that the supporting structure touches the surface of the seabed, then the resistivity probe 4 is freely released by the release device 16, so that it penetrates into the sandy seabed at a certain initial velocity under the action of gravity. When the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin 13 receives the bottoming signal, it will transmit the bottoming signal received to the main processor of the annular control cabin, and then the measurement work is started according to the preset period; the second-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state;
6) After the start of the in-situ observation period, if the sand wave trough moves toward the probe gradually, the penetration depth of the cone tip relative to the surface of the sand wave decreases, and the wall friction resistance also decreases; the resistivity probe 4 slips downward under the action of self-weight after the penetration resistance drops to a certain value. After the acceleration sensor detects the displacement, the second-stage
13.
penetrating device is triggered, and then the ejection release device 10 will release the guide tube 9 downward. The guiding block 22 jointed with the round platform of the rod under a horizontal force, thereby pushing the probe 4 to penetrate downward;
7) The third-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state when the second-stage penetrating system is triggered. In addition to the same displacement triggering system with the second-stage penetrating device, the third-stage penetrating system contains a time triggering mechanism, that is, after the second-stage penetration is completed and the rod does not slip within the set time, after the set time is passed, the third stage penetrating device will be triggered and the resistivity probe 4 will be further penetrated downward.
8) After the end of the in-situ observation period, the observation device is recovered by lowering the cabled submarine unmanned vessel after the auxiliary vessel 28 is driven to the target point.
9) Read the observation data of the memory, calculate the change process of the ocean soil resistivity during the whole observation process, and then correct the elevation change according to the data recorded by the attitude sensor and correct the depth according to the data recorded by the acceleration sensor, and finally obtain the change process of vertical resistivity;
10) Method to determine the wave height of sand waves on the seabed: the part with the highest resistivity is the seabed resistivity, the middle point between the first maximum value and the previous minimum value is the sandy seabed surface, and the upper part is the seawater resistivity, wherein the part with the lowest resistivity is the unaffected seawater. The change process of the wave height of sand waves on the seabed at the measurement point will be obtained by comparing the data recorded in different measurement periods.
Claims (11)
1. The multistage penetrating in-situ device and method based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed is characterized in that it comprises a supporting structure and a resistivity probe (4) with a multistage penetrating mechanism, The supporting structure is used for supporting the resistivity probe to prevent it from tipping over. A plurality of supporting legs (3) are arranged under the supporting structure and a plurality of cables (12) are arranged on the top of the supporting structure. The upper end of the cables is connected to the upper outer wall of the resistivity probe (4). The supporting structure is equipped with a rotating imaging sonar (5) and a current meter (6). An annular control cabin (7) made of corrosion-resistant material is arranged in the middle of the supporting structure. The annular control cabin (7) surrounds the outer circumference of the resistivity probe (4).An acceleration sensor and an attitude sensor are arranged in the annular control cabin (7); The middle of the resistivity probe (4) is an insulated rod (18). The bottom of the insulated rod (18) is fitted with a cone tip (17) and a release ring (14) is arranged on the top. The release ring (14) is connected to the bottom of the acoustic release device (16). The top of the acoustic release device (16) is connected to the laying cable (15), and the upper outer wall of the insulated rod (18) is provided with a counterweight cabin (13); The upper outer wall of the insulated rod (18) is provided with a plurality of annular grooves (21). The annular grooves (21) are points bearing the downward force from the resistivity probe (4); the outer wall of the insulated rod (18) is arranged with equally spaced electrode rings (19); The counterweight cabin (13) is provided with an acceleration sensor and an attitude sensor; in addition, a power supply, a main processor, a memory, a data acquisition circuit and a sensing circuit - all these components are mounted in the annular control cabin (7) or the counterweight cabin (13); The annular control cabin (7) is connected to two Kevlar cables (11), a first is connected to the counterweight cabin (13) of the resistivity probe (4), and a second is connected to the ejection release device (10) of the second-stage release device; The acceleration sensors and the attitude sensors are respectively connected to the sensing circuit through the first Kevlar cable 11. The data acquisition circuit and the sensing circuit are respectively connected to the main processor; The first Kevlar cable (11) is also connected to each electrode ring (19) on the outer wall of the insulated rod (18) through a plurality of wires (20) located inside the resistivity probe (4), thereby supplying power to the electrode rings (19);
15.
The multistage penetrating mechanism comprises an acoustic release device (16) attached to the lower end of the laying cable (15), a second-stage penetrating device above the annular control cabin (7), and a third-stage penetrating device under the annular control cabin (7); the second-stage penetrating device and the third-stage penetrating device both surround the outer circumference of the resistivity probe; Wherein the second-stage penetrating device and the third-stage penetrating device are respectively composed of a guide tube (9) and an ejection release device (10) sleeved on the upper part of the guide tube (9); The ejection release device (10) comprises a tube (31), an annular platform (27) on the top edge of the tube (31), an energy storage compression spring (26) on the lower end surface of the annular platform (27) and a connecting rod (25) at the lower inner wall of the annular platform (27). The connecting rod (25) is controlled by a relay switch (24) to achieve contraction; the relay switch (24) is mounted inside the tube (31), powered by the annular control cabin (7) and controlled by the main processor; A groove (30) is arranged on the upper outer wall of the guide tube (9). The connecting rod (28) fixes the guide tube (9) to the lower part of the annular platform (27) by extending into the groove (30). The lower end of the energy storage compression spring (26) is pressed against the upper edge of the guide tube (9); When the relay switch (24) is turned on, the connecting rod (28) is retracted into the groove (30) on the release tube, and the energy storage compression spring (26) pushes down the guide tube(9) to release; The lower edge of the guide tube (9) is provided with a plurality of guide blocks (22). Each guide block (22) is connected to the lower end of the guide tube (9) through a rotating shaft and can be rotated around the shaft inside the guide tube (9) up to the horizontal position. The upper outer end of the guide block (22) is curved and the lower outer end is flat; The lower outer end of the guide block (22) is connected to one end of the pressure spring (23). The other end of the pressure spring (23) is connected to the guide tube (9) to provide elasticity to the guide block (22) to achieve upward rotation. When the resistivity probe moves downward, as the guide block (22) has a curved outer end, it will not block the resistivity probe (4). When the resistivity probe (4) is blocked to penetrate, the ejection release device (10) will release the guide tube (9) downward and provides a downward driving force. The guide tube (9) moves downward relative to the resistivity probe (4), then the guide block (22) rotates upward under the action of the pressure spring (23) and enters an annular groove (21) on the outer surface of the resistivity probe (4).The lower end surface of the guide block (22) takes the annular groove (21) as a force point to push the resistivity probe (4) to move downward.
16.
2. The device in Claim 1, is characterized in that, the supporting structure comprises a supporting frame; three or more equally spaced supporting legs (3) are provided under the supporting frame; a supporting cone tip (1) is arranged under the supporting legs; the annular control cabin (7) is mounted in the middle of the supporting frame; the rotating imaging sonar (5) and the current meter (6) are also mounted on the supporting frame.
3. The device in Claim 1, is characterized in that, a supporting plate (2) with a counterweight tray is arranged between the supporting legs (3) and the supporting cone tip (1).
4. The device in Claim 1, is characterized in that, the supporting structure further comprises supporting reinforcing bars (8). The supporting reinforcing bars (8) are used to support the annular platform (27), thereby supporting the second-stage penetrating device above the annular control cabin (7).
5. The multistage penetrating method of resistivity probe using the device in Claim 1, is characterized in that, it includes the following steps: The multistage penetrating in-situ device based on resistivity probe to observe sand waves on the seabed is hoisted to the surface of the seabed by the onboard crane (29) of the auxiliary vessel (28). The acceleration sensor in the annular control cabin (7) is used to determine whether the supporting structure touches the surface of the seabed, and then the resistivity probe is freely released by the acoustic release device (16), so that it penetrates into the sandy seabed at a certain initial velocity under the action of gravity. When the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin (13) receives the bottoming signal, it will transmit the bottoming signal received to the main processor, and then the resistivity probe starts to work according to the preset mode; the second-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state; After the start of the work, if the sand wave trough moves toward the resistivity probe gradually, the penetration depth of the penetrating cone tip (17) relative to the surface of the sand wave decreases, and the wall friction resistance also decreases; the resistivity probe (4) slips downward after the penetration resistance drops to a certain value. After the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin (13) detects the displacement, the second stage penetrating device is triggered, and then the ejection release device (10) will release the guide tube (9) downward and provides a downward driving force. The guide tube (9) moves downward relative to the resistivity probe, then the guide block (22) moves upward under the action of the pressure spring (23) and enters an annular groove (21) on the outer
17.
surface of the resistivity probe (4).The lower end surface of the guide block (22) takes the annular groove (21) as a force point to push the resistivity probe to move downward. When the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin (13) of the resistivity probe receives the bottoming signal, it will transmit the bottoming signal received to the main processor, and then the resistivity probe starts to work according to the preset mode; the third-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state; The triggering mode of the third-stage penetrating system is the same as the replacement triggering system of the second-stage penetrating device; After the in-situ observation period ends, the observation device is recovered by lowering the cabled submarine unmanned vessel after the auxiliary vessel (28) is driven to the target point.
6. The multistage penetrating method in Claim 5, is characterized in that, a time triggering mechanism is contained in Step 3), that is, after the second-stage penetration is completed and the rod does not slip within the set time, then, after the set time is passed, the third-stage penetrating device will be triggered regardless of whether the acceleration sensor detects the displacement or not, and the resistivity probe will be further penetrated downward.
7. A method to observe changes in the movement of sand waves on the seabed using the observation device described above, is characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Indoor calibration test: First of all, place the observation device in a large simulation sink; Then simulate the real movement process of sand waves on the seabed, and use a laser range finder to accurately measure the changes in surface elevation of sand waves throughout the process while using the probe of the present invention to measure the process; Compare the measurement result of the observation device with the measurement result of the laser range finder, obtain the measurement deviation, establish the relationship between the observation result of the observation device and the real change of the seabed, and obtain the correction coefficient; Examine and set the observation device to ensure that all sensors are in normal working condition; and assemble the supporting structure, the multistage penetrating system and the resistivity probe; Calculate the cone tip resistance and wall friction resistance of the seabed according to seabed geological data and dynamic penetration data of the target point, and
18.
determine the penetration degree. Set the annular counterweight accordingly to ensure that the penetrating cone tip (17) of the resistivity probe (4) can enter the seabed completely under the action of first-stage gravity penetration, and set the displacement and time to trigger the second-stage and the third-stage penetrating devices; Use the GPS positioning system of the auxiliary vessel (28) to drive the auxiliary vessel to the target point; The device is hoisted to the surface of the seabed by the onboard crane (29) of the auxiliary vessel (28). When the onboard release system receives the signal from the acceleration sensor in the annular control cabin (7) showing that the supporting structure touches the surface of the seabed, then the resistivity probe (4) is freely released by the acoustic release device (16), so that it penetrates into the sandy seabed at a certain initial velocity under the action of gravity. When the acceleration sensor in the counterweight cabin (13) receives the bottoming signal, it will transmit the bottoming signal received to the main processor, and then the measurement work is started according to the preset period; the second-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state; After the start of the in-situ observation period, if the sand wave trough moves toward the resistivity probe gradually, the penetration depth of the cone tip relative to the surface of the sand wave decreases, and the wall friction resistance also decreases; the resistivity probe (4) slips downward under the action of self-weight after the penetration resistance drops to a certain value. After the acceleration sensor detects the displacement, the second-stage penetrating device is triggered, and then the ejection release device (10) will release the guide tube (9) downward. The guiding block (22) jointed with the round platform of the rod under a horizontal force, thereby pushing the probe (4) to penetrate downward; The third-stage penetrating device enters the to-be-triggered state when the second-stage penetrating system is triggered. In addition to the same displacement triggering system with the second-stage penetrating device, the third-stage penetrating system contains a time triggering mechanism, that is, after the second-stage penetration is completed and the rod does not slip within the set time, after the set time is passed, the third stage penetrating device will be triggered and the resistivity probe (4) will be further penetrated downward. After the end of the in-situ observation period, the observation device is recovered by lowering the cabled submarine unmanned vessel after the auxiliary vessel (28) is driven to the target point. Read the observation data of the memory, calculate the change process of the ocean soil resistivity during the whole observation process, and then correct the elevation change according to the data recorded by the attitude sensor and correct the depth
19.
according to the data recorded by the acceleration sensor, and finally obtain the change process of vertical resistivity; Method to determine the wave height of sand waves on the seabed: the part with the highest resistivity is the seabed resistivity, the middle point between the first maximum value and the previous minimum value is the sandy seabed surface, and the upper part is the seawater resistivity, wherein the part with the lowest resistivity is the unaffected seawater. The change process of the wave height of sand waves on the seabed at the measurement point will be obtained by comparing the data recorded in different measurement periods.
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| CN201811604535.4 | 2018-12-26 | ||
| CN201811604535.4A CN109579801B (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Multi-stage injection type submarine sand wave in-situ observation device and method based on resistivity probe rod |
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| AU2019202090A1 true AU2019202090A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
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| AU2019202090A Abandoned AU2019202090A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-26 | A multistage penetrating in-situ device and method to observe sand waves on the seabed based on resistivity probe |
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| CN110850479B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-06-16 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Three-dimensional resistivity in-situ monitoring probe |
| CN111402549B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-05-14 | 重庆三峡学院 | Landslide early warning device based on monitoring multiple indexes |
| CN111559479B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-12-17 | 青岛海研电子有限公司 | Seabed-based monitoring system |
| CN111947826B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-03-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Seabed pore water pressure observation device based on internal solitary wave and working method thereof |
| CN111964651B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-03-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Seabed sand wave in-situ observation device based on internal solitary wave and working method thereof |
| CN112068141B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-06-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Deep sea polymetallic nodule exploitation deposit environment monitoring device |
| CN113432648B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-05-13 | 中国海洋大学 | System and method for long-term observation of seabed soft clay deformation and sliding induced by deep-sea internal waves |
| CN114235056B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-08-09 | 中国海洋大学 | Remote monitoring and early warning station for bay ecological environment and working method thereof |
| FI20225786A1 (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2024-03-10 | Deep Scan Tech Oy | Device and method for ground surveying |
| CN116520431B (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-26 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Method, device and medium for constructing broadband layered sound velocity structure of shallow seabed sediment |
| CN116577259B (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-10-24 | 中国地质大学（北京） | In-situ layering measuring device and measuring method for porosity of submarine sediment |
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| JP2001305237A (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2001-10-31 | Kiso Jiban Consultants Kk | Data processing system of electric probe in sea bottom |
| JP6707254B2 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2020-06-10 | 国立大学法人高知大学 | Submarine underground condition monitoring device |
| CN107063196B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-04-09 | 中国海洋大学 | Seabed sand waves migration observation device and method based on pressure gauge |
| CN106841311B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-09-22 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | A kind of preventing seabed base multiple spot long-term observation system in situ |
| CN106802132B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-01-12 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | A kind of penetration type Multifunction fishing bottom sediment in-situ observation feeler lever |
| CN107328552B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-18 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of seabed interface layer dynamic change in-situ observation system |
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