CN114235056B

CN114235056B - Remote monitoring and early warning station for bay ecological environment and working method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114235056B
Application number: CN202111641363.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾永刚; 朱娜; 范智涵; 单海龙; 孙志文; 朱宪明
Original assignee: Qingdao Guoke Marine Environmental Engineering Technology Co ltd; Ocean University of China
Current assignee: Qingdao Guoke Marine Environmental Engineering Technology Co ltd; Ocean University of China
Priority date: 2021-12-30
Filing date: 2021-12-30
Publication date: 2022-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-30
Also published as: CN114235056A

Abstract

The invention provides a bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station and a working method thereof. By adopting the real-time early warning method, the abnormal monitoring data can be early warned in real time on the basis of the existing standard, and the timeliness of the monitoring result is improved. The system has the advantages that the system can carry out remote monitoring and early warning in a full range, continuity and systematicness on the ocean bottom ecological environment of the bay, and has important significance on real-time understanding and timely treatment of the health condition of the bay.

Description

Remote monitoring and early warning station for bay ecological environment and working method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring and the technical field of ocean engineering geology, in particular to a bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station and a working method thereof.

Background

The bay is a connection junction of the sea and the continent, is a sea area with the most frequent human activities, is easily influenced by the human activities, is also a sea area with the most serious pollution due to the weaker hydrodynamic force exchange condition, and directly influences the quality of life of the human. Monitoring and early warning of ecological environment risks such as bay anoxia, acidification and the like are enhanced, and the quality of marine ecological environment is improved. The gulf seawater is high in eutrophication degree, the sediment erosion and sedimentation are serious, and the phenomenon of oil leakage and oil spilling in the sea area occurs, so that the sustainable development of the ecological environment is seriously limited. Therefore, the real-time monitoring and early warning of the bay ecological environment is effectively carried out, and the real-time monitoring and early warning system has important reference value and reference significance for timely discovering the health problem of the bay sea ecological environment and promoting the accurate management of bay one strategy.

At present, the bay ecological environment monitoring technology is not mature, and a chemical method is mostly adopted, so that seawater samples are sampled from various places and chemical reagents are added into a laboratory for measurement. As a gold standard in the prior art, the method has high accuracy and good repeatability of measurement results, but the measurement results have poor timeliness and complex operation, are mostly limited to water bodies in a small area range within a specific time period, and the acquired data are difficult to be continuous on a time scale and a space scale. The existing ocean in-situ monitoring technology mostly adopts a buoy form, only can carry out point-type measurement on ocean surface water (patent number: ZL202111037166. X), and cannot monitor the change of the ecological environment of the ocean bottom of a bay, the erosion and sedimentation of the sea bed, the change of the turbidity of bottom water and the like. Although the unmanned water quality monitoring ship (ZL 201810925843.0) can monitor the water quality of sea areas, the unmanned water quality monitoring ship can only monitor water quality parameters of the shallow surface of a water body, the monitoring time is discontinuous, and long-term in-situ observation and early warning cannot be realized. A large amount of seabed sand waves are widely distributed in coastal sea areas of China, the seabed sand waves are important sand sources of building and coastline management projects, the migration of the seabed sand waves has harm and influence on seabed ecology and seabed pipelines, the research on the seabed sand waves has important significance and application value, the existing research depends on field investigation and satellite sensing technology, the monitoring cost is high, the monitoring effect is poor, and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved.

The system has the advantages that the system can carry out remote monitoring and early warning in a full range, continuity and systematicness on the ocean bottom ecological environment of the bay, and has important significance on real-time understanding and timely treatment of the health condition of the bay.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station and a working method thereof.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a bay ecological environment remote monitoring early warning station, includes sits end tripod monitoring station, bionical floating platform, monitoring streamer, wherein, sits the tripod support base of end tripod monitoring station and is located its cylindrical frame cargo platform on upper portion including the tripod of bottom, and the tripod supports the base and comprises three supporting leg, is first supporting leg, second supporting leg and third supporting leg respectively. A supporting cross rod is welded between every two supporting legs to form a stable triangular structure, the bottom end of each supporting leg is connected with a counterweight type circular supporting leg, a retention probe is arranged below the counterweight type circular supporting leg, three lifting rods are fixedly arranged at the top of a cylindrical frame carrying platform to form a three-leg support, and an arc triangular lifting hook is fixedly arranged at the top end of the three-leg support;

the interior of the cylindrical frame loading platform is divided into three layers from top to bottom, and a vertical natural potential probe rod, an acoustic releaser, a first seawater battery, a second seawater battery, a first storage battery, a first chlorophyll a sensor, a first seawater COD in-situ sensor, a first seawater BOD in-situ sensor and a first upward flow velocity profiler are arranged in the first layer;

a first thermohaline deep turbidimeter, a first nutrient salt on-line monitor, a first data transmission and storage system, a first control system and a plurality of first floating balls are arranged in the second layer;

a pore water pressure sensor, a first methane sensor, a first wave tide instrument, a mechanical arm supporting rod, a guide pipe and a downward flow velocity profiler are arranged in the third layer;

vertical natural potential probe rod and run through in cylindrical frame cargo platform and the tripod supports the base in proper order, the middle part of vertical natural potential probe rod is set up in cylindrical frame cargo platform by the stand pipe, its top is fixed with vertical natural potential probe rod and gathers the storehouse, the top in vertical natural potential probe rod gathers the storehouse is fixed in the top in cylindrical frame cargo platform by the acoustics releaser, the diameter in vertical natural potential probe rod gathers the storehouse is greater than stand pipe 26, when vertical natural potential probe rod gathers the storehouse and descends to the stand pipe, the stand pipe prevents it to continue to descend, thereby confirm the final decline position of vertical natural potential probe rod.

The upper surface of the cylindrical frame loading platform is provided with a first underwater camera, a second underwater camera and a transparent observation window;

a fixed transverse natural potential probe rod is fixedly arranged between the second supporting leg and the third supporting leg, a first movable transverse natural potential probe rod is movably connected between the first supporting leg and the second supporting leg, a second movable transverse natural potential probe rod is movably connected between the first supporting leg and the third supporting leg, and the first movable transverse natural potential probe rod and the second movable transverse natural potential probe rod can move up and down; the upper parts of the first supporting leg, the second supporting leg and the third supporting leg are respectively and fixedly provided with a first transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin, a second transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin and a third transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin;

the bionic floating platform comprises an aluminum alloy frame floating platform at the upper part and a cylindrical monitoring floating platform connected to the lower part of the aluminum alloy frame floating platform, wherein a plurality of second floating balls are arranged in the aluminum alloy frame floating platform, a plurality of second floating balls are embedded in a floating platform floating ball layer cross bar hoop frame and a floating platform floating ball layer circular hoop frame which are fixedly arranged in the aluminum alloy frame floating platform, a plant attachment net is fixedly arranged above the second floating balls in the aluminum alloy frame floating platform, a plurality of types of aquatic plants are planted on the plant attachment net, a solar panel is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the aluminum alloy frame floating platform, and a semicircular floating platform lifting hook is fixedly arranged at the center position of the upper surface of the aluminum alloy frame floating platform;

a third underwater camera, a second chlorophyll a sensor, a second wave tide instrument, a second seawater COD in-situ sensor, a second seawater BOD in-situ sensor, a second upward flow velocity profiler, a second temperature and salt depth turbidimeter, a second nutrient salt on-line monitor, a second methane sensor, a second data transmission and storage system, a second storage battery and a second control system are arranged in the cylindrical monitoring floating platform; the lower end of the bionic floating platform is connected with a first Kevlar, and the lower end of the first Kevlar is connected with a floating platform anchor; a red illuminating lamp is arranged above the bionic floating platform;

the monitoring streamer comprises a second Kevlar rope, an automatic rope winder arranged on the second Kevlar rope and a plurality of monitoring integrated balls;

the second Kevlar rope is provided with a monitoring integrated ball in a penetrating way, two aluminum alloy steel blocks are fixed at corresponding positions of the second Kevlar rope, and the lower surface of each aluminum alloy steel block is provided with a plurality of steel protruding points;

the periphery of the monitoring integrated ball is welded with a spherical aluminum alloy frame by aluminum alloy steel bars, the middle of the monitoring integrated ball is welded with the aluminum alloy steel bars into a lattice shape for placing and fixing the sensor, one side of the monitoring integrated ball is provided with a placing groove to one side through an axis position for taking and placing a second Kevlar rope in the mounting and dismounting process, the top and the bottom of the monitoring integrated ball are welded with an arc aluminum alloy steel plate 1/4, a square fixing hoop is welded on the arc aluminum alloy steel plate, 4 bolts are arranged above the square fixing hoop, a round aluminum alloy steel block is welded at the lower part of the bolts and used for fixing the second Kevlar rope, high-elasticity rubber is placed under the round aluminum alloy steel block, the corresponding position of the second Kevlar rope is placed into the monitoring integrated ball along the placing groove, the aluminum alloy steel block is placed inside the square fixing hoop, and a monitoring system which comprises a third chlorophyll a sensor is fixedly arranged inside the monitoring integrated ball, The device comprises a third seawater COD in-situ sensor, a third seawater BOD in-situ sensor, a third warm salt deep turbidimeter, a third direction flow velocity profiler, a third methane sensor, a third nutrient salt on-line monitor, a third storage battery, a third data transmission and storage system, a third control system and a plurality of third floating balls, wherein a lead is wound on a second Kevlar, the top end of the second Kevlar is connected with a bionic floating platform, and the bottom end of the second Kevlar is connected with a sitting tripod monitoring station.

Preferably, the periphery of the cylindrical frame loading platform is welded into a circular hoop frame by adopting aluminum alloy pipes, and the inside of the cylindrical frame loading platform is welded into a grid support by adopting the aluminum alloy pipes.

As the preferred scheme, the counterweight type round supporting leg is provided with a small hole.

Preferably, the upper part of the guide tube is provided with an adhesive tape.

As the preferred scheme, the first movable transverse natural potential probe rod and the second movable transverse natural potential probe rod are movably connected through a rail arranged on the supporting leg, a movable sliding rail is arranged on the rail, a supporting oblique rod is arranged on the sliding rail, a sliding block is arranged at the other end of the supporting oblique rod, the outer cross section of the outer part of the sliding block is a square, the inner cross section of the outer part of the sliding block is a circular hollow cuboid, and a spherical ball is arranged inside the sliding block. According to the sand wave position, the movable horizontal natural potential probe rod freely moves on the supporting leg, and an included angle between the first movable horizontal natural potential probe rod and the second movable horizontal natural potential probe rod is 60 degrees.

According to the preferable scheme, the plant attachment net is integrally circular and comprises plant attachment net cross-bar hooping frames, plant attachment net circular hoop frames and plant attachment grids, the plant attachment net circular hoop frames are circular aluminum alloy steel bars, the plant attachment net cross-bar hooping frames are linear aluminum alloy steel bars, the plant attachment grids are thin linear aluminum alloy steel bars, the plant attachment net cross-bar hooping frames, the plant attachment grids and the plant attachment grids are welded with one another, and the plant attachment net is integrally sprayed with the antifouling paint containing camptothecin; the various aquatic plants are selected from floating-leaf plants and aquatic weeds.

As a preferred scheme, the number of the monitoring integrated balls is determined according to the specific water depth position and the monitoring requirement, and one monitoring integrated ball is installed within the water depth distance of 20-30 m.

A working method of a bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: installing all measuring instruments of a base tripod monitoring station in a laboratory, and performing data measurement and check;

s2: and (4) installing all instruments on the required bionic floating platform in a laboratory, and performing data measurement and check. A certain number of the third type floating balls 20-3 are firstly installed on the bionic floating platform according to requirements, and the number and the buoyancy of the third type floating balls 20-3 are repeatedly adjusted in a sea pool of a deep sea base, so that the water penetration depth of the plant attachment net 36 is maintained at about 20 cm.

S3: 2 monitoring integrated balls 46 are respectively arranged on a second Kevlar cord 44-2, a lead 45 and the second Kevlar cord 44-2 are mutually wound and fixed at a proper position, and the bottom end of the lead is tied on an arc triangle lifting hook 7 of a sitting base tripod monitoring station;

s4: each monitoring unit is carried and distributed by an operation ship: and (4) placing all the equipment of the monitoring and early warning station on a working ship and carrying the equipment to corresponding coordinate points of the bay to be distributed. Firstly, laying the bionic floating platform at a specified position, and then releasing the floating platform anchor 56 to the sea bottom for fixing the relative position of the bionic floating platform on the sea surface;

s5: the monitoring station of the base tripod is laid through the second Kevlar cord 44-2, the upper end of the second Kevlar cord 44-2 is fixed on the bionic floating platform after the laying is finished, in order to reduce the influence of the floating of the bionic floating platform caused by the influence of water flow on the base tripod, a monitoring streamer connecting the base tripod and the bionic floating platform is longer, the redundant Kevlar cords are recovered by the automatic cord winder 55, when the floating platform floats, the automatic cord winder releases the second Kevlar cord 44-2 with a certain length, so that the floating of the bionic floating platform is mainly controlled by the floating platform anchor 56. The automatic rope winder has small recovery force, and can not influence a bottom-sitting tripod monitoring station and a bionic floating platform while meeting the requirement of recovering a redundant Kevlar rope;

s6: after the base tripod monitoring station is arranged on the seabed, the pore water pressure probe rod is pressed into the seabed by about 1 m through the mechanical arm 24;

s7: releasing the acoustic releaser 9 arranged on the vertical natural potential probe 8, pressing the acoustic releaser into the seabed along the guide pipe 26 under the action of gravity, and monitoring the erosion deposition of the seabed;

s8: after the seabed is stabilized, the descending speed and the descending position of the first movable transverse natural potential probe 32-1 and the second movable transverse natural potential probe 32-2 are controlled by programming to be tightly attached to the surface of the seabed. Due to the action of the seabed sand waves, part of the solid-state reference electrode is suspended in seawater, part of the solid-state reference electrode is in contact with sediments to form uneven potential difference, and the migration rate and the migration direction of the seabed sand waves can be calculated according to the change rule of the potential difference;

s9: monitoring values of parameters monitored by the base tripod monitoring station, the bionic floating platform and the monitoring streamer, and quantitative transformation relation exists between the monitoring values and final values. Comparing and analyzing the monitoring result and the standard value of each parameter with the national standard limit value of the parameter through programming, when the monitoring result and the standard value exceed the national standard limit value, giving an alarm by an operating system, and carrying out red light early warning on the corresponding parameter lamp on an operating platform;

s10: and after the monitoring task is finished, the coordinates are distributed and the early warning station is positioned by a GPS, and the operation ship is used for recycling.

Preferably, the step S8 specifically includes the following steps:

s81: according to the experiment, a fixed electrode in seawater is used as a reference electrode, the potential difference of the other solid annular electrodes in seawater is generally between-1 and 1, the potential difference in sandy sediment is generally smaller than-1, the potential difference in clay seabed is generally larger than 1, the fixed electrode at the uppermost part in a vertical natural potential probe rod is used as the reference electrode, and the potential difference between each solid annular electrode and the reference electrode is firstly recorded

Transmitting the data to a laboratory of the workboat through a data transmission and storage system;

s82: calculating the maximum absolute value of the potential difference value among all the first potential differences, and setting the maximum absolute value of the potential difference value as

Then the formula is:

；

s83: calculating the number of potential differences with absolute values larger than 1, and setting the number of potential differences with absolute values larger than 1 as

Then the formula is:

；

s84: the number of all the solid ring electrodes with the calculated potential difference absolute value larger than 1nIs set as the proportion of

Then the formula is:

；

s85: the natural potential probe rod descends at uniform speed by controlling the slide way to move downwards, the descending speed is 1 m/min, whether the natural potential probe rod contacts the surface of the seabed or not in the descending process is judged, namely, the judgment is made

>1 is true or not;

if it is not

>If 1 is not established, returning to the previous step, and continuing to descend the transverse natural potential probe rod by 1 m/min until the transverse natural potential probe rod is reached

>1 is true; when in use

>1, indicating that the natural potential probe rod is preliminarily close to the sea bed surface, stopping descending the transverse natural potential probe rod at a constant speed of 1 m/min, descending the transverse natural potential probe rod by 1 cm each time, judging whether the proportion of the solid annular electrodes with the potential difference absolute value larger than 1 to all the electrodes is between 40 and 60 percent after descending each time, and if the proportion is not 40 percent<

<60%, then judge whether it satisfies

>60% ifMeet the requirement of 40 percent<

<When the sliding rail is 60 percent, the constant-direction natural potential probe rod stops descending, and the sliding rail is locked; if not, continuously descending the transverse natural potential probe rod by 1 cm, repeating the steps, and if so, repeating the steps

>And 60%, adjusting the transverse natural potential probe rod of 0.5 cm upwards, and then stopping descending the transverse natural potential probe rod to lock the slide rail.

Preferably, the step S9 specifically includes the following steps:

s91: monitoring values of parameters of a base tripod monitoring station, a bionic floating platform and a monitoring streamer are recorded as ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) (a), orthophosphate (P-PO 4) (b), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) (c) and nitrite (N-NO 2) (d) respectively; chlorophyll a (e), oil concentration (f), seawater COD (g), seawater BOD (h), PH (i), dissolved oxygen (j), turbidity (k), methane (l), and erosion sludge (M). And uploading parameters monitored by the base tripod monitoring station, the bionic floating platform and the monitoring streamer to a No. 1 data processing early warning platform, a No. 2 data processing early warning platform, a No. 3-1 data processing early warning platform and a No. 3-2 data processing early warning platform of a laboratory respectively, and backing up the parameters in a storage system. The 1 st data processing early warning station is used for processing monitoring data of each parameter of the base tripod monitoring station and realizing real-time early warning; the 2 nd data processing early warning platform is used for processing all parameter monitoring data of the bionic floating platform and realizing real-time early warning, and the 3 rd-1 st data processing early warning platform and the 3 rd-2 nd data processing early warning platform are respectively used for processing all parameter monitoring data of the two monitoring integrated balls and realizing real-time early warning. The monitoring stations of the base tripod, the bionic floating platform and the monitoring integrated balls 46 of the No. 1 data processing early warning platform, the No. 2 data processing early warning platform, the No. 3-1 data processing early warning platform and the No. 3-2 data processing early warning platform are not lighted.

S92: a certain conversion relation exists between the monitoring value and the final value, and the calculation formulas of all parameters are respectively marked as ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) (A) (a), orthophosphate (P-PO 4) (B (b)), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) (C (c)) and nitrite (N-NO 2) (D (d)); chlorophyll a (e), oil concentration (f)), seawater COD (g)), seawater BOD (h), PH (i), dissolved oxygen (j)), turbidity (k), methane (l), erosion sludge (m);

s93: reference values of the parameters: a. the _s 、B _s 、C _s 、D _s 、E _s 、F _s 、G _s 、H _s 、I _s （I _s1 、I _s2 ）、J _s 、K _s 、L _s 、M _s （M _s1 、M _s2 ). Comparing and analyzing the relationship between the monitoring data and the standard data, when the monitoring value of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) is less than the national standard limit value, namely A (a)<A _s When the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) warning lamp is in effect, the warning lamp displays green; when the monitoring value of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) is larger than the national standard limit value, a warning lamp for early warning the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) displays red, and early warning that the content of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) exceeds the standard is realized. Comparing and analyzing the monitoring results of other parameters with the standard values and the national standard limit values of the parameters, and when the monitoring results exceed the national standard limit values, giving an alarm by an operating system and carrying out red light early warning on the corresponding parameter lamps on the operating platform;

due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects

1. The bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station really realizes real-time monitoring and timely early warning on the submarine geology and the ecological environment of the bay.

In terms of seafloor geology: monitoring the erosion and deposition of the seabed, the migration rate of seabed sand waves and the change of the sediment concentration through a natural potential probe; the change rule of the pore water pressure in a certain range under the seabed is realized through the pore water pressure sensor.

In the aspect of monitoring the shallow seawater layer, the seawater interior and the seabed ecological environment: the bay seabed nutritive salt monitoring is realized through the nutritive salt on-line monitor, such as: ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3), orthophosphate (P-PO 4), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) and nitrite (N-NO 2); monitoring chlorophyll through a chlorophyll a sensor; the concentration of the oil stain in the seawater can be monitored by a natural potential probe rod; the monitoring of seawater COD can be realized through a seawater COD sensor; the BOD of the seawater can be monitored by the seawater BOD sensor; monitoring temperature, PH, dissolved oxygen and turbidity by a warm salt deep turbidimeter; monitoring the methane content by a methane sensor; the camera can be used for capturing and identifying the benthos on the seabed, and the digital processing and the suspended matter particle concentration obtained by the turbidimeter can be checked through the photograph.

2. The natural potential probe rod is adopted to monitor the migration of the sand waves on the seabed, the used electrode is a solid annular electrode, the electrode does not need to be supplied with electric quantity, only data acquisition is needed, the electric quantity consumption of an instrument is greatly saved, a reasonable design method is adopted, the running speed of the sand waves can be calculated in a relatively prepared mode, the accuracy of monitoring the migration of the sand waves is guaranteed, and the monitoring precision is high.

3. Adopt the natural potential probe rod to carry out the monitoring of greasy dirt in the sea water, only need carry out the check of different greasy dirt concentrations in the laboratory in advance, contrast with the laboratory standard in the monitoring process, can obtain accurate greasy dirt concentration change, monitoring process power consumption is low, provides probably for the long-term monitoring at early warning station.

4. The bionic floating platform is adopted to monitor the ecological environment on the surface of the seawater, and the aquatic plants on the floating platform provide habitat for the organisms such as surrounding aquatic birds and the like, so that the growth of surrounding algae can be reduced, and the floating platform is more environment-friendly in visual effect and use. The aquatic plant covers, and the effectual insolation that has reduced the flotation stage simultaneously increases the life of flotation stage.

5. The monitoring zone is adopted to realize the real-time monitoring of the full water depth from the shallow surface of the bay to the sea bottom of the bay, the position of the monitoring integrated ball can be controlled according to the requirement, and the monitoring of the seawater ecological environment at different water depths is realized. The length of the ribbon is controlled, so that the device can be better suitable for monitoring different water depths.

6. By adopting the real-time early warning method, the abnormal monitoring data can be early warned in real time on the basis of the existing standard, and the timeliness of the monitoring result is improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a seated tripod surveillance platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of a schematic of a base tripod surveillance platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a base tripod surveillance platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the position of the fixed transverse natural positioning probe of the present invention on a tripod;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the first mobile transverse natural potential probe of the present invention in a position not contacting the seabed surface;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the first mobile transverse natural potential probe of the present invention in position contacting the surface of the seabed;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the movable transverse natural potential probe at different monitoring angles according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a detailed view of the support ramps and the ramp locations on the ramps;

FIG. 10 is a detail view of the slide;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a slider;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a bionic floating platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a detailed view of a plant attachment net;

FIG. 14 is a detailed view of the installation of the floating ball of the bionic floating platform;

FIG. 15 is a view of a monitoring integration sphere;

FIG. 16 is a view of a Kevlar rope adapter;

FIG. 17 is a top view of the second Kevlar cord mounted with the monitoring integration ball;

FIG. 18 is an elevation view of the second Kevlar cord mounted with the monitoring integration ball;

FIG. 19 is an automatic cord winder;

FIG. 20 is a flow chart of the conditions for controlling the descent of the moving transverse natural potential probe;

FIG. 21 is a flow chart of the condition of each parameter monitoring and early warning method;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a real-time embodiment of a real-time early warning system for a bay monitoring system in accordance with the present invention;

wherein, the corresponding relationship between the reference numbers and the components in fig. 1 to fig. 20 is:

1-tripod support base 1-first support leg 1-2-second support leg 1-3-third support leg 2-cylindrical frame cargo platform 3-support cross bar 4-counterweight type circular support leg 5-retention probe 6-lifting rod 7-circular arc triangle lifting hook 8-vertical natural potential probe 9-acoustic releaser 10-1-first seawater battery 10-2-second seawater battery 11-1-first storage battery 11-2-second storage battery 11-3-third storage battery 12-1-first chlorophyll a sensor 12-2-second chlorophyll a sensor 12-3-third chlorophyll a sensor 13-1-first seawater in situ sensor 13-2-second seawater COD in situ sensor 13-3-third seawater COD in situ sensor 14-1-first seawater BOD in situ sensor 14-2 A second seawater BOD in situ sensor 14-3, a third seawater BOD in situ sensor 15-1, a first upward flow rate profiler 15-2, a second upward flow rate profiler 15-3, a third upward flow rate profiler 16-1, a first thermohaline turbidimeter 16-2, a second thermohaline turbidimeter 16-3, a third thermohaline turbidimeter 17-1, a first nutrient salt online monitor 17-2, a second nutrient salt online monitor 17-3, a third nutrient salt online monitor 18-1, a first data transmission and storage system 18-2, a second data transmission and storage system 18-3, a third data transmission and storage system 19-1, a first control system 19-2, a second control system 19-3, a third control system 20-1, a first type floating ball 20-2, a second type floating ball 20 3 third-type floating ball 21, pore water pressure sensor 22-1, first methane sensor 22-2, second methane sensor 22-3, third methane sensor 23-1, first wave tide instrument 23-2, second wave tide instrument 24, mechanical arm 25, mechanical arm support rod 26, guide pipe 27, downward flow rate profiler 28, vertical natural potential probe rod collection bin 29-1, first underwater camera 29-2, second underwater camera 29-3, third underwater camera 30, transparent observation window 31, fixed transverse natural potential probe rod 32-1, first movable transverse natural potential probe rod 32-2, second movable transverse natural potential probe rod 33-1, rail 33-2, slide rail 33-3, support inclined rod 33-4, slide block 33-5-ball 34-1, first transverse natural potential probe rod collection bin 34-2-second transverse natural potential probe rod collection bin 34-3-third transverse natural potential probe rod collection bin 35-bionic floating platform aluminum alloy frame 36-plant attachment net 37-multiple aquatic plants 38-solar panel 39-lighting lamp 40-cylindrical floating platform monitoring system 41-semicircular floating platform lifting hook 42-1-plant attachment net cross bar hoop 42-2-plant attachment net circular hoop 42-3-plant attachment net 43-1-floating platform floating ball layer cross bar hoop 43-2-floating platform floating ball layer circular hoop 44-1-first Keff pull rope 44-2-second Keff pull rope 45-lead 46-monitoring integration ball 47-aluminum alloy steel block 48-protruding steel point 49-placing groove 50-arc aluminum alloy steel plate 51-square fixing hoop 52-bolt 53-circular aluminum alloy steel block 54-high-elastic rubber 55-automatic rope winder 56-floating platform anchor.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station and the working method thereof according to the embodiment of the invention are specifically described below with reference to fig. 1 to 20.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a remote monitoring and early warning station for the ecological environment of a bay, which comprises a base tripod monitoring station, a bionic floating platform and a monitoring streamer, wherein a base tripod frame main body material of the base tripod monitoring station is formed by welding high-strength aluminum alloy materials, the aluminum alloy is a light metal material with high strength and high rigidity, the weight of the aluminum alloy is reduced as much as possible under the condition of ensuring the strength and the rigidity, the transportation, the distribution and the recovery are convenient, and the aluminum alloy has higher corrosion resistance. In addition, in order to increase the corrosion resistance of the frame material, the antifouling paint containing camptothecin is sprayed on the contact position of the whole frame and the water body, and the antifouling paint is an environment-friendly antifouling material, has good stability in various sea area antifouling tests, has an antifouling period of more than 13 months, and better meets the monitoring requirement for a long time. The periphery of the cylindrical frame carrying platform 2 is welded into a circular hoop frame by adopting aluminum alloy pipes, and the inside of the cylindrical frame carrying platform is welded into a latticed support by the aluminum alloy pipes and used for placing and fixing monitoring equipment.

As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the main body of the base tripod monitoring station comprises a tripod supporting base 1 at the bottom and a cylindrical frame loading platform 2 at the upper part of the tripod supporting base, wherein the tripod supporting base 1 consists of three supporting legs, namely a first supporting leg 1-1, a second supporting leg 1-2 and a third supporting leg 1-3. The support cross rods 3 are welded between every two support legs to form a stable triangular structure and enhance the stability of the structure. A counter weight type circular supporting legs 4 is connected to every supporting leg bottom for increase the counter weight of monitoring station, reduce sinking because of the dead weight produces, installation maintenance probe 5 under the circular supporting legs 4 of counter weight type, sit end triangle monitoring station sit the end after, maintenance probe 5 inserts the better position of having fixed and sitting end triangle monitoring station on the seabed in the seabed. The top of the cylindrical frame object platform 2 is fixedly provided with three lifting rods 6 to form a tripod, and the top end of the tripod is fixedly provided with an arc triangular lifting hook 7; for assisting in completing deployment and retrieval of the monitoring station. The counterweight-type circular supporting foot 4 is provided with a small hole for avoiding the generation of large resistance force during the descending process.

The interior of the cylindrical frame loading platform 2 is divided into three layers from top to bottom, and a vertical natural potential probe rod 8, an acoustic releaser 9, a first seawater battery 10-1, a second seawater battery 10-2, a first storage battery 11-1, a first chlorophyll a sensor 12-1, a first seawater COD in-situ sensor 13-1, a first seawater BOD in-situ sensor 14-1 and a first upward flow velocity profiler 15-1 are arranged in the first layer;

a first temperature-salt deep turbidity meter 16-1, a first nutrient salt on-line monitor 17-1, a first data transmission and storage system 18-1, a first control system 19-1 and a plurality of first floating balls 20-1 are arranged in the second layer; in order to avoid the sinking of the base tripod monitoring station due to self weight, a plurality of corresponding first floating balls 20-1 are installed.

A pore water pressure sensor 21, a first methane sensor 22-1, a first wave tide instrument 23-1, a mechanical arm 24, a mechanical arm support rod 25, a guide pipe 26 and a downward flow velocity profiler 27 are arranged in the third layer;

vertical natural potential probe rod 8 and run through in cylindrical frame cargo platform 2 and tripod support base 1 in proper order, the middle part of vertical natural potential probe rod 8 is set up in cylindrical frame cargo platform 2 by stand pipe 26, its top is fixed with vertical natural potential probe rod and gathers storehouse 28, the top in cylindrical frame cargo platform 2 is fixed in by acoustics releaser 9 in the top of vertical natural potential probe rod gathering storehouse 28, early warning station successfully lays back release acoustics releaser 9, vertical natural potential probe rod 8 passes through stand pipe 26 restraint decline direction. The diameter of the vertical natural potential probe rod collection bin 28 is larger than that of the guide tube 26, and when the vertical natural potential probe rod collection bin 28 descends to the guide tube, the guide tube 26 prevents the vertical natural potential probe rod collection bin from continuously descending, so that the final descending position of the vertical natural potential probe rod 8 is determined. The upper part of the guide tube 26 is provided with an adhesive tape, and the vertical natural potential probe 8 plays a role in buffering.

The upper surface of the cylindrical frame loading platform 2 is provided with a first underwater camera 29-1, a second underwater camera 29-2 and a transparent observation window 30;

as shown in fig. 4 to 7, a fixed transverse natural potential probe 31 is fixedly arranged between the second supporting leg 1-2 and the third supporting leg 1-3, and is used for replacing a traditional petroleum hydrocarbon sensor to monitor oil contamination leakage in water. A first movable transverse natural potential probe rod 32-1 is movably connected between the first supporting leg 1-1 and the second supporting leg 1-2, a second movable transverse natural potential probe rod 32-2 is movably connected between the first supporting leg 1-1 and the third supporting leg 1-3, and the first movable transverse natural potential probe rod 32-1 and the second movable transverse natural potential probe rod 32-2 can move up and down; the device is used for measuring the migration rate of the seabed sand waves and assisting the vertical natural potential probe rod to measure the corrosion deposition of the seabed. The upper parts of the first supporting leg 1-1, the second supporting leg 1-2 and the third supporting leg 1-3 are respectively and fixedly provided with a first transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin 34-1, a second transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin 34-2 and a third transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin 34-3, and the first transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin 34-1, the second transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin 34-2 and the third transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin 34-3 are respectively used for acquiring data of a first movable transverse natural potential probe rod 32-1, a fixed transverse natural potential probe rod 31 and a second movable natural potential probe rod 32-2.

As shown in fig. 8 to 11, the first movable transverse natural potential probe 32-1 and the second movable transverse natural potential probe 32-2 are movably connected through a rail 33-1 installed on a support leg, a movable slide rail 33-2 is arranged on the rail 33-1, a support diagonal rod 33-3 is installed on the slide rail 33-2, a slide block 33-4 is installed at the other end of the support diagonal rod 33-3, in order to reduce frictional resistance, the outer cross section of the slide block 33-4 is a hollow cuboid with a square outer cross section and a circular inner cross section, and a spherical ball 33-5 is installed inside the slide block 33-4. The horizontal natural potential feeler lever can adapt to the change of different intervals in the up-and-down moving process through the sliding block 33-4 because the supporting leg of the monitoring station is obliquely arranged. The angle between the first mobile transverse natural potential probe 32-1 and the second mobile transverse natural potential probe 32-2 is 60 degrees. The two are mutually matched for use, and when a special condition that one transverse natural potential probe rod and sand waves are flat when the base monitoring and early warning station is in base setting occurs, the other transverse natural potential probe rod and the sand waves can be used for monitoring; in general, the two methods assist in monitoring, and the sand wave migration direction and speed can be calculated more accurately.

As shown in fig. 12 and 14, the bionic floating platform comprises an aluminum alloy frame floating platform 35 on the upper part and a cylindrical monitoring floating platform 40 connected to the lower part of the aluminum alloy frame floating platform, wherein a plurality of second floating balls 20-2 are arranged inside the aluminum alloy frame floating platform 35, the plurality of second floating balls 20-2 are embedded in a floating platform floating ball layer cross bar hoop 43-1 and a floating platform floating ball layer hoop 43-2 which are fixedly arranged in the aluminum alloy frame floating platform 35, and the size and the number of the second floating balls 20-2 are adjusted according to the weight of the frame, so that the bionic floating platform reaches an ideal water level position after entering water. A plant attachment net 36 is fixedly mounted above a second floating ball 20-2 in the aluminum alloy framework floating platform 35, a plurality of aquatic plants 37 are planted on the plant attachment net 36, and a solar panel 38 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the aluminum alloy framework floating platform 35 and used for providing power for equipment. A semicircular floating platform lifting hook 41 is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the aluminum alloy frame floating platform 35; convenient for laying and recycling.

As shown in fig. 13, the plant attachment net 36 is circular in shape, and includes plant attachment net horizontal bar hoop 42-1, plant attachment net circular ring hoop 42-2 and plant attachment grid 42-3, the plant attachment net circular ring hoop 42-2 is a circular aluminum alloy steel bar, the plant attachment net horizontal bar hoop 42-1 is a linear aluminum alloy steel bar, the plant attachment grid 42-3 is a thin linear aluminum alloy steel bar, the three are welded to each other, and the plant attachment net 36 is integrally sprayed with an antifouling paint containing camptothecin; the various aquatic plants 37 are selected from floating leaf plants and aquatic weeds. The floating leaf plant blades and flowers cover the bionic floating platform or float in water, so that shading can be provided for underwater organisms, the growth of algae around the floating platform can be reduced, the insolation of the floating platform can be reduced, the service time of the bionic floating platform can be prolonged, and temporary habitation sites can be provided for organisms such as water birds and the like.

A third underwater camera 29-3, a second chlorophyll a sensor 12-2, a second wave tide instrument 23-2, a second seawater COD in-situ sensor 13-2, a second seawater BOD in-situ sensor 14-2, a second upward flow velocity profiler 15-2, a second warm salt deep turbidity meter 16-2, a second nutrient salt online monitor 18-2, a second methane sensor 22-2, a second data transmission and storage system 18-2, a second storage battery 11-2 and a second control system 19-2 are arranged in the cylindrical monitoring floating platform 40; the lower end of the bionic floating platform is connected with a first Kevlar rope 44-1, and the lower end of the first Kevlar rope 44-1 is connected with a floating platform anchor 56; the floating platform anchor 56 is placed on the sea bottom and used for fixing the position of the bionic floating platform on the surface of seawater and avoiding large displacement under the action of water flow or waves. The red illuminating lamp 39 is arranged above the bionic floating platform, and the red lamp is lightened at night, so that the bionic floating platform can be better reminded of timely avoiding of passing ships.

The monitoring streamer comprises a second Kevlar cord 44-2, an automatic rope winder 55 arranged on the second Kevlar cord 44-2 and a plurality of monitoring integrated balls 46; the number of the monitoring integrated balls 46 is determined according to the specific water depth position and the monitoring requirement, and one monitoring integrated ball 46 is installed within the water depth distance of 20 m-30 m.

As shown in fig. 1, a monitoring integration ball 46 is installed through the second kevlar rope 44-2, and according to the size of the monitoring integration ball 46, as shown in fig. 16 to 18, two aluminum alloy steel blocks 47 are fixed at corresponding positions of the second kevlar rope 44-2, and a plurality of protruding steel points 48 are provided on the lower surface of the aluminum alloy steel block 47 for preventing sliding.

A spherical aluminum alloy framework is welded by aluminum alloy steel bars on the periphery of a monitoring integrated ball 46, a lattice shape is welded by the aluminum alloy steel bars in the middle for placing and fixing a sensor, a placing groove 49 is formed in one side of the monitoring integrated ball 46 through the axis position to one side for taking and placing a second Kevlar rope 44-2 in the installation and disassembly process, arc-shaped aluminum alloy steel plates 50 are welded at 1/4 positions on the top and the bottom of the monitoring integrated ball 46, a square fixing hoop 51 is welded on the arc-shaped aluminum

alloy steel plates

50, 4 bolts 52 are installed above the square fixing hoop 51, a round aluminum alloy steel block 53 is welded at the lower part of each bolt 52 for fixing the second Kevlar rope 44-2, and high-elasticity rubber 54 is placed under the round aluminum alloy steel block 53 to improve the fixing stability of the sensor. The corresponding position of the second Kevlar cord 44-2 is placed into the monitoring integration ball 46 along the placement groove 49, the aluminum alloy steel block 47 is placed inside the square fixing hoop 51, and the screw 52 is screwed down for fixing. The monitoring integrated ball 46 is internally and fixedly provided with a monitoring system which comprises a third chlorophyll a sensor 12-3, a third seawater COD in-situ sensor 13-3, a third seawater BOD in-situ sensor 14-3, a third warm salt deep turbidity meter 16-3, a third flow velocity profiler 15-3 in the third direction, a third methane sensor 22-3, a third nutrient salt on-line monitor 18-3, a third storage battery 11-3, a third data transmission and storage system 18-3, a third control system 19-3 and a plurality of third floating balls 20-3, wherein the third floating ball 20-3 determines the size and the number of the monitoring integrated ball according to the weight of the monitoring integrated ball, so that the monitoring integrated ball is placed in seawater to maintain the balance of gravity and buoyancy, and the pulling effect on a second Kefu pull rope 44-2 is reduced; the second Kevlar cord 44-2 is wound with a wire 45 for transmitting electric quantity and data from top to bottom, the top end of the second Kevlar cord 44-2 is connected with the bionic floating platform, and the bottom end of the second Kevlar cord 44-2 is connected with the base tripod monitoring station. In order to avoid the dragging effect of the bionic floating platform, the second Kevlar cord 44-2 is longer than the first Kevlar cord 44-1, and the automatic rope winder 55 is used for collecting the redundant second Kevlar cord 44-2 and the conducting wire 45. The monitoring of the effect of the ribbon along with the water flow on the smaller traction of the automatic rope winder 55 does not trigger the release effect of the automatic rope winder 55 on the second kevlar ropes 44-2, and when the bionic floating platform has larger traction on the automatic rope winder 55, the automatic rope winder 55 can automatically release part of the second kevlar ropes 44-2, so that all acting force is applied to the first kevlar ropes 44-1.

In the aspect of monitoring the ecological environment of shallow seawater, the inside of seawater and the seabed: the bay seabed nutritive salt monitoring is realized through the nutritive salt on-line monitor, such as: ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3), orthophosphate (P-PO 4), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) and nitrite (N-NO 2); monitoring chlorophyll through a chlorophyll a sensor; the concentration of the oil stain in the seawater can be monitored by the natural potential probe rod; the monitoring of seawater COD can be realized through a seawater COD sensor; the BOD of the seawater can be monitored by the seawater BOD sensor; monitoring the temperature, the depth, the dissolved oxygen and the turbidity by a warm salt deep turbidimeter; the camera can be used for capturing and identifying the benthos on the seabed, and the digital processing and the suspended matter particle concentration obtained by the turbidimeter can be checked through the photograph. And monitoring the change value of the pore water pressure of the seabed by a pore water pressure sensor.

The seabed erosion deposition, ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3), orthophosphate (P-PO 4), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2), nitrite (N-NO 2), chlorophyll a, seawater COD, seawater BOD, temperature, PH, dissolved oxygen and turbidity values monitored by the monitoring and early warning station are transmitted back to a laboratory and are backed up in a storage system of the early warning station, the data are processed and analyzed through an operating platform and a computer, and the data are compared and analyzed with the bay ecological standard data. And each parameter is provided with an alarm lamp on the operation table, when the value of the detected parameter exceeds the standard range, an abnormal value is prompted on the operation table, and red early warning is carried out through the corresponding parameter alarm lamp.

As shown in fig. 20 to 22, a working method of a bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps:

s2: and (3) installing all instruments on the required bionic floating platform and the monitoring integrated ball in a laboratory, and performing data measurement and check. A certain number of the third type floating balls 20-3 are firstly installed on the bionic floating platform according to requirements, and the number and the buoyancy of the third type floating balls 20-3 are repeatedly adjusted in a sea pool of a deep sea base, so that the water penetration depth of the plant attachment net 36 is maintained at about 20 cm.

s5: the monitoring station of the base tripod is laid through the second Kevlar cord 44-2, the upper end of the second Kevlar cord 44-2 is fixed on the bionic floating platform after the laying is finished, in order to reduce the influence of the floating of the bionic floating platform caused by the influence of water flow on the base tripod, a monitoring streamer connecting the base tripod and the bionic floating platform is longer, the redundant Kevlar cords are recovered by the automatic cord winder 55, when the floating platform floats, the automatic cord winder releases the second Kevlar cord 44-2 with a certain length, so that the floating of the bionic floating platform is mainly controlled by the floating platform anchor 56. The recovery force of the automatic rope winder is small, so that the redundant Kevlar rope can be recovered, and the sitting bottom tripod monitoring station and the bionic floating platform cannot be influenced;

s8: after the seabed is stabilized, the descending speed and the descending position of the first movable transverse natural potential probe 32-1 and the second movable transverse natural potential probe 32-2 are controlled by programming in a laboratory of the operating ship so as to be tightly attached to the surface of the seabed. Due to the action of the seabed sand waves, part of the solid-state reference electrode is suspended in seawater, part of the solid-state reference electrode is in contact with sediments to form uneven potential difference, and the migration rate and the migration direction of the seabed sand waves can be calculated according to the change rule of the potential difference;

s9: and finishing the laying. Contact the onshore laboratory to ensure the integrity of data reception in the onshore laboratory.

S10: monitoring values of parameters monitored by the base tripod monitoring station, the bionic floating platform and the monitoring streamer, and quantitative transformation relation exists between the monitoring values and final values. Comparing and analyzing the monitoring result and the standard value of each parameter with the national standard limit value or the reference value of the parameter through programming in a land laboratory, giving an alarm by an operating system when the monitoring result and the standard value exceed the range of the national standard limit value or the reference value, and carrying out red light early warning on the corresponding parameter lamp on an operating platform;

s11: and after the monitoring task is finished, the coordinate is distributed and the early warning station is positioned through a GPS, and the operation ship is used for recycling.

The step S8 specifically includes the following steps:

s81: according to the experiment, a fixed electrode in seawater is used as a reference electrode, the potential difference of the other solid ring electrodes in seawater is generally between-1 and 1, the potential difference in sandy sediments is generally less than-1, the potential difference in clay seabed is generally greater than 1, the fixed electrode at the uppermost part in a vertical natural potential probe rod is used as the reference electrode, and the potential difference between each solid ring electrode and the reference electrode is firstly recorded

s82: calculating the maximum absolute value of the potential difference value of all the first potential differences, and setting the maximum absolute value of the potential differences as

Then the formula is:

；

Then the formula is:

；

Then the formula is:

；

s85: the natural potential probe rod is uniformly descended at a speed of 1 m/min by controlling the slide way to descend, and whether the natural potential probe rod is contacted with the surface of the seabed or not in the descending process is judged, namely judgment is made

>1 is true or not;

if it is used

>1 is true; when in use

<60%, then judge whether it satisfies

>60% if it meets 40%<

<When the sliding rail is 60 percent, the constant-direction natural potential probe rod stops descending, and the sliding rail is locked; if not, continuing to descend the transverse natural potential probe rod of 1 cm, repeating the steps, and if the transverse natural potential probe rod meets the requirements

The step S10 specifically includes the following steps:

s101: monitoring values of parameters of a base tripod monitoring station, a bionic floating platform and a monitoring streamer are recorded as ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) (a), orthophosphate (P-PO 4) (b), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) (c) and nitrite (N-NO 2) (d) respectively; chlorophyll a (e), oil concentration (f), seawater COD (g), seawater BOD (h), PH (i), dissolved oxygen (j), turbidity (k), methane (l), erosion sludge (m). And uploading parameters monitored by the base tripod monitoring station, the bionic floating platform and the monitoring streamer to a No. 1 data processing early warning platform, a No. 2 data processing early warning platform, a No. 3-1 data processing early warning platform and a No. 3-2 data processing early warning platform of a laboratory respectively, and backing up the parameters in a storage system. The 1 st data processing early warning station is used for processing monitoring data of each parameter of the base tripod monitoring station and realizing real-time early warning; the 2 nd data processing early warning platform is used for processing all parameter monitoring data of the bionic floating platform and realizing real-time early warning, and the 3 rd-1 st data processing early warning platform and the 3 rd-2 nd data processing early warning platform are respectively used for processing all parameter monitoring data of the two monitoring integrated balls and realizing real-time early warning. The monitoring stations of the base tripod, the bionic floating platform and the monitoring integrated balls 46 of the No. 1 data processing early warning platform, the No. 2 data processing early warning platform, the No. 3-1 data processing early warning platform and the No. 3-2 data processing early warning platform are not lighted.

S102: a certain conversion relation exists between the monitoring value and the final value, and the calculation formulas of all parameters are respectively marked as ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) (A) (a), orthophosphate (P-PO 4) (B (b)), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) (C (c)) and nitrite (N-NO 2) (D (d)); chlorophyll a (e), oil concentration (f)), seawater COD (g)), seawater BOD (h), PH (i), dissolved oxygen (j)), turbidity (k), methane (l), erosion sludge (m);

s103: and (3) standard values of all parameters: a. the _s 、B _s 、C _s 、D _s 、E _s 、F _s 、G _s 、H _s 、I _s (I _s1 、I _s2) 、J _s 、K _s 、L _s 、M _s . Comparing and analyzing the relationship between the monitoring data and the standard data, when the monitoring value of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) is less than the national standard limit value, namely A (a)<A _s When the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) warning lamp is in effect, the warning lamp displays green; when the monitoring value of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) is larger than the national standard limit value, a warning lamp for early warning the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) displays red, and early warning that the content of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) exceeds the standard is realized. And comparing and analyzing the monitoring results of other parameters with the standard values and the national standard limit values of the parameters, when the monitoring results exceed the national standard limit values, giving an alarm by the operating system, and carrying out red light early warning on the corresponding parameter lamps on the operating platform.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected", "mounted", "fixed", and the like are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A working method of a bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station comprises a base tripod monitoring station, a bionic floating platform and a monitoring streamer, and is characterized in that a main body of the base tripod monitoring station comprises a tripod supporting base (1) at the bottom and a cylindrical frame carrying platform (2) positioned at the upper part of the base tripod supporting base, wherein the tripod supporting base (1) consists of three supporting legs which are a first supporting leg (1-1), a second supporting leg (1-2) and a third supporting leg (1-3); a supporting cross rod (3) is welded between every two supporting legs to form a stable triangular structure, the bottom end of each supporting leg is connected with a counterweight type circular supporting leg (4), a retention probe (5) is installed below the counterweight type circular supporting leg (4), three lifting rods (6) are fixedly installed at the top of the cylindrical frame loading platform (2) to form a three-leg support, and an arc triangular lifting hook (7) is fixedly installed at the top end of the three-leg support;

the interior of the cylindrical frame loading platform (2) is divided into three layers from top to bottom, and a vertical natural potential probe rod (8), an acoustic releaser (9), a first seawater battery (10-1), a second seawater battery (10-2), a first storage battery (11-1), a first chlorophyll a sensor (12-1), a first seawater COD in-situ sensor (13-1), a first seawater BOD in-situ sensor (14-1) and a first upward flow velocity profiler (15-1) are arranged in the first layer;

a first warm salt deep turbidimeter (16-1), a first nutrient salt online monitor (17-1), a first data transmission and storage system (18-1), a first control system (19-1) and a plurality of first floating balls (20-1) are arranged in the second layer;

a pore water pressure sensor (21), a first methane sensor (22-1), a first wave tide instrument (23-1), a mechanical arm (24), a mechanical arm support rod (25), a guide pipe (26) and a downward flow rate profiler (27) are arranged in the third layer;

the vertical natural potential probe rod (8) sequentially penetrates through the cylindrical frame carrying platform (2) and the tripod support base (1), the middle part of the vertical natural potential probe rod (8) is arranged in the cylindrical frame carrying platform (2) through a guide pipe (26), a vertical natural potential probe rod acquisition bin (28) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the vertical natural potential probe rod acquisition bin, the top end of the vertical natural potential probe rod acquisition bin (28) is fixed at the top part in the cylindrical frame carrying platform (2) through an acoustic releaser (9), the diameter of the vertical natural potential probe rod acquisition bin (28) is larger than that of the guide pipe (26), when the vertical natural potential probe rod acquisition bin (28) descends to the guide pipe, the guide pipe (26) prevents the vertical natural potential probe rod from continuously descending, and therefore the final descending position of the vertical natural potential probe rod (8) is determined; a first underwater camera (29-1), a second underwater camera (29-2) and a transparent observation window (30) are arranged on the upper surface of the cylindrical frame object carrying platform (2);

a fixed transverse natural potential probe rod (31) is fixedly arranged between the second supporting leg (1-2) and the third supporting leg (1-3), a first movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-1) is movably connected between the first supporting leg (1-1) and the second supporting leg (1-2), a second movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-2) is movably connected between the first supporting leg (1-1) and the third supporting leg (1-3), and the first movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-1) and the second movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-2) can move up and down; the upper parts of the first supporting leg (1-1), the second supporting leg (1-2) and the third supporting leg (1-3) are respectively and fixedly provided with a first transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin (34-1), a second transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin (34-2) and a third transverse natural potential probe rod acquisition bin (34-3);

the bionic floating platform comprises an aluminum alloy frame floating platform (35) at the upper part and a cylindrical monitoring floating platform (40) connected at the lower part, a plurality of second floating balls (20-2) are arranged in the aluminum alloy frame floating platform (35), a plurality of second floating balls (20-2) are embedded in a floating platform floating ball layer cross bar hoop frame (43-1) and a floating platform floating ball layer circular hoop frame (43-2) which are fixedly arranged in the aluminum alloy frame floating platform (35), a plant attachment net (36) is fixedly arranged above a second floating ball (20-2) in the aluminum alloy framework floating platform (35), various aquatic plants (37) are planted on the plant attachment net (36), a solar panel (38) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the aluminum alloy framework floating platform (35), and a semicircular floating platform lifting hook (41) is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the aluminum alloy framework floating platform (35);

a third underwater camera (29-3), a second chlorophyll a sensor (12-2), a second wave tide meter (23-2), a second seawater COD in-situ sensor (13-2), a second seawater BOD in-situ sensor (14-2), a second upward flow rate profiler (15-2), a second warm salt deep turbidity meter (16-2), a second nutrient salt on-line monitor (18-2), a second methane sensor (22-2), a second data transmission and storage system (18-2), a second storage battery (11-2) and a second control system (19-2) are arranged in the cylindrical monitoring floating platform (40); the lower end of the bionic floating platform is connected with a first Kevlar (44-1), and the lower end of the first Kevlar (44-1) is connected with a floating platform anchor (56); a red illuminating lamp (39) is arranged above the bionic floating platform,

the monitoring streamer comprises a second Kevlar rope (44-2), an automatic rope winder (55) arranged on the second Kevlar rope (44-2) and a plurality of monitoring integrated balls (46), wherein the monitoring integrated balls (46) are installed on the second Kevlar rope (44-2) in a penetrating mode, two aluminum alloy steel blocks (47) are fixed at corresponding positions of the second Kevlar rope (44-2) according to the size of the monitoring integrated balls (46), and a plurality of protruding steel points (48) are arranged on the lower surface of each aluminum alloy steel block (47) and used for preventing sliding;

the periphery of the monitoring integrated ball (46) is welded into a spherical aluminum alloy frame by aluminum alloy steel bars, the middle of the monitoring integrated ball is welded into a lattice shape by the aluminum alloy steel bars for placing and fixing the sensor, one side of the monitoring integrated ball (46) is provided with a placing groove (49) to one side through the axis position, is used for taking and placing the second Kevlar rope (44-2) in the mounting and dismounting process, monitoring the welding of the arc-shaped aluminum alloy steel plates (50) at the top and the bottom 1/4 of the integrated ball (46), a square fixing hoop (51) is welded on the arc-shaped aluminum alloy steel plate (50), 4 bolts (52) are installed above the square fixing hoop (51), a round aluminum alloy steel block (53) is welded at the lower part of each bolt (52) and used for fixing a second Kevlar rope (44-2), and high-elasticity rubber (54) is placed under the round aluminum alloy steel block (53) to increase the fixing stability of the arc-shaped aluminum alloy steel plate; putting the corresponding position of the second Kevlar rope (44-2) into the monitoring integration ball (46) along the placing groove (49), placing the aluminum alloy steel block (47) in the square fixing hoop (51), and screwing down the bolt (52) for fixing; the monitoring system fixedly arranged in the monitoring integrated ball (46) comprises a third chlorophyll a sensor (12-3), a third seawater COD in-situ sensor (13-3), a third seawater BOD in-situ sensor (14-3), a third warm salt deep turbidimeter (16-3), a third upward flow rate profiler (15-3), a third methane sensor (22-3), a third nutrient salt on-line monitor (18-3), a third storage battery (11-3), a third data transmission and storage system (18-3), a third control system (19-3) and a plurality of third floating balls (20-3), a wire (45) is wound on the second Kevlar (44-2), the top end of the second Kevlar (44-2) is connected with the bionic floating platform, and the bottom end of the second Kevlar (44-2) is connected with the base tripod monitoring station;

the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s2: all instruments on the required bionic floating platform are installed in a laboratory, and data measurement and check are carried out; according to requirements, a certain number of third type floating balls (20-3) are installed on the bionic floating platform, and the number and the buoyancy of the third type floating balls (20-3) are repeatedly adjusted in a sea pool of a deep sea base, so that the water inlet depth of the plant attachment net (36) is maintained at about 20 cm;

s3: 2 monitoring integrated balls (46) are respectively arranged on a second Kevlar rope (44-2), a lead (45) and the second Kevlar rope (44-2) are mutually wound and fixed at a proper position, and the bottom end of the second Kevlar rope is tied on an arc triangle lifting hook (7) of a base tripod monitoring station;

s4: each monitoring unit is carried and distributed by an operation ship: placing all the equipment of the monitoring and early warning station on a working ship, and carrying the equipment to corresponding coordinate points of a bay to be distributed; firstly, laying the bionic floating platform at a specified position, and then releasing a floating platform anchor (56) to the sea bottom for fixing the relative position of the bionic floating platform on the sea surface;

s5: the monitoring station of the base tripod is laid through a second Kevlar rope (44-2), the upper end of the second Kevlar rope (44-2) is fixed on the bionic floating platform after the laying is finished, in order to reduce the influence of floating of the bionic floating platform caused by the influence of water flow on the base tripod, a monitoring streamer connecting the base tripod and the bionic floating platform is longer, the redundant Kevlar ropes are recovered by an automatic rope winder (55), and when the floating platform floats, the automatic rope winder releases the second Kevlar rope (44-2) with a certain length, so that the floating of the bionic floating platform is mainly controlled by a floating platform anchor (56); the automatic rope winder has small recovery force, and can not influence a bottom-sitting tripod monitoring station and a bionic floating platform while meeting the requirement of recovering a redundant Kevlar rope;

s6: after the base tripod monitoring station is arranged on the seabed, the pore water pressure probe rod is pressed into the seabed by about 1 m through a mechanical arm (24);

s7: releasing an acoustic releaser (9) mounted on a vertical natural potential probe (8) to press the acoustic releaser into the seabed along a guide pipe (26) under the action of gravity for monitoring erosion deposition of the seabed;

s8: after the seabed is stabilized, the descending speed and the descending position of the first movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-1) and the second movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-2) are controlled by programming to be tightly attached to the surface of the seabed; due to the action of the seabed sand waves, part of the solid-state reference electrode is suspended in seawater, part of the solid-state reference electrode is in contact with sediments to form uneven potential difference, and the migration rate and the migration direction of the seabed sand waves can be calculated according to the change rule of the potential difference;

step S8 specifically includes the following steps:

s81: according to the experiment, a fixed electrode in seawater is used as a reference electrode, the potential difference of the rest solid ring electrodes in seawater is between-1 and 1, the potential difference in sandy sediments is less than-1, and the potential difference in clay seabed is greater than 1; the fixed electrode at the uppermost part in the vertical natural potential probe rod is used as a reference electrode; first recording the potential difference between each solid ring electrode and the reference electrode

Then the formula is:

；

Then the formula is:

s84: the number of all the solid ring electrodes with the calculated potential difference absolute value larger than 1nRatio of (A to (B)For example, the ratio is set as

Then the formula is:

s85: the natural potential probe rod is uniformly descended at a speed of 1 m/min by controlling the slide way to descend; judging whether the natural potential probe rod is contacted with the seabed surface in the descending process, namely judging

>1 is true or not;

if it is not

>1 is true; when in use

>When 1, the transverse natural potential probe rod stops descending at a constant speed of 1 m/min after the natural potential probe rod is preliminarily close to the surface of the sea bed; descending the transverse natural potential probe rod by 1 cm each time, and judging whether the proportion of the solid annular electrodes with the potential difference absolute value larger than 1 to the number of all the electrodes is 40-60% or not after descending each time; if not more than 40 percent<

<60%, then judge whether it satisfies

>60% if it meets 40%<

<When the sliding rail is 60 percent, the constant-direction natural potential probe rod stops descending, and the sliding rail is locked; if not, continuing to descend the transverse natural potential probe rod of 1 cm, and repeating the steps; if it is satisfied with

>60%, adjusting the transverse natural potential probe rod of 0.5 cm upwards, then stopping descending the transverse natural potential probe rod, and locking the slide rail;

s9: monitoring values of parameters monitored by a base tripod monitoring station, a bionic floating platform and a monitoring streamer, wherein quantitative conversion relation exists between the monitoring values and final values; comparing and analyzing the monitoring result and the standard value of each parameter with the national standard limit value of the parameter through programming, when the monitoring result and the standard value exceed the national standard limit value, giving an alarm by an operating system, and carrying out red light early warning on the corresponding parameter lamp on an operating platform;

s10: and after the monitoring task is finished, the coordinate is distributed and the early warning station is positioned through a GPS, and the operation ship is used for recycling.

2. The working method of the remote bay ecological environment monitoring and early warning station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical frame stage (2) is welded with aluminum alloy pipes to form a circular hoop frame at the periphery and is welded with aluminum alloy pipes to form a lattice support at the inside.

3. The working method of the remote monitoring and early warning station for the ecological environment of gulf according to claim 1, wherein the circular supporting feet (4) of the counterweight type are provided with small holes.

4. The working method of the remote monitoring and early warning station for the ecological environment of gulf as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper part of the guide pipe (26) is provided with a rubber strip.

5. The working method of the bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first mobile transverse natural potential probe (32-1) and the second mobile transverse natural potential probe (32-2) are movably connected through a rail (33-1) mounted on a support leg, a movable slide rail (33-2) is arranged on the rail (33-1), a support diagonal rod (33-3) is mounted on the slide rail (33-2), a slide block (33-4) is mounted at the other end of the support diagonal rod (33-3), the outer cross section of the slide block (33-4) is a hollow cuboid with a square outer cross section and a circular inner cross section, and a spherical ball (33-5) is mounted inside the slide block (33-4); the first movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-1) and the second movable transverse natural potential probe rod (32-2) form an included angle of 60 degrees.

6. The working method of the remote monitoring and early warning station for the ecological environment of the gulf according to claim 1, wherein the plant attachment net (36) is circular in shape and comprises plant attachment net cross-bar hooping frames (42-1), plant attachment net circular hooping frames (42-2) and plant attachment grids (42-3), the plant attachment net circular hooping frames (42-2) are circular aluminum alloy steel bars, the plant attachment net cross-bar hooping frames (42-1) are linear aluminum alloy steel bars, the plant attachment grids (42-3) are thin linear aluminum alloy steel bars, the plant attachment net (36) is formed by welding the three parts, and the camptothecin-containing antifouling paint is sprayed on the whole plant attachment net (36); the various aquatic plants (37) are selected from floating-leaf plants and aquatic weeds.

7. The working method of the remote bay ecological environment monitoring and early warning station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the monitoring integration balls (46) is determined according to the specific water depth position and the monitoring requirement, and one monitoring integration ball (46) is installed within a water depth distance of 20 m-30 m.

8. The working method of the bay ecological environment remote monitoring and early warning station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S9 specifically comprises the following steps:

s91: monitoring values of parameters of a base tripod monitoring station, a bionic floating platform and a monitoring streamer are recorded as ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3), orthophosphate (P-PO 4), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) and nitrite (N-NO 2) respectively; chlorophyll a, oil stain concentration, seawater COD, seawater BOD, PH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, methane and erosion siltation; uploading parameters monitored by a base tripod monitoring station, a bionic floating platform and a monitoring streamer to a No. 1 data processing early warning platform, a No. 2 data processing early warning platform, a No. 3-1 data processing early warning platform and a No. 3-2 data processing early warning platform of a laboratory respectively, and backing up in a storage system; the 1 st data processing early warning station is used for processing monitoring data of each parameter of the base tripod monitoring station and realizing real-time early warning; the 2 nd data processing early warning platform is used for processing each parameter monitoring data of the bionic floating platform and realizing real-time early warning, and the 3 rd-1 data processing early warning platform and the 3 rd-2 data processing early warning platform are respectively used for processing each parameter monitoring data of the two monitoring integrated balls and realizing real-time early warning; the monitoring station of the sitting base tripod, the bionic floating platform and the two monitoring integration balls (46) for monitoring the streamer, which correspond to the 1 st data processing early warning platform, the 2 nd data processing early warning platform, the 3 rd-1 st data processing early warning platform and the 3 rd-2 nd data processing early warning platform, are not lighted;

s92: a certain conversion relation exists between the monitored value and the final value, and the calculation formulas of all parameters are respectively recorded as ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3), orthophosphate (P-PO 4), nitrate + nitrite (N-NO 3+ NO 2) and nitrite (N-NO 2); chlorophyll a, oil stain concentration, seawater COD, seawater BOD, PH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, methane and erosion siltation;

s93: and (3) standard values of all parameters: a. the _s 、B _s 、C _s 、D _s 、E _s 、F _s 、G _s 、H _s 、I _s1 、I _s2 、J _s 、K _s 、L _s 、M _s1 、M _s2 (ii) a Comparing and analyzing the relationship between the monitoring data and the standard data, and when the monitoring value of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) is smaller than the national standard limit value, warning a warning lamp for early warning the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) to display green; when the monitoring value of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) is larger than the national standard limit value, early warning is carried out on the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH)3) The warning lamp displays red color, and early warning of the content exceeding of ammonia nitrogen (N-NH 3) is realized; and comparing and analyzing the monitoring results of other parameters with the standard values and the national standard limit values of the parameters, and when the monitoring results exceed the national standard limit values, giving an alarm by an operating system and carrying out red light early warning on the corresponding parameter lamps on the operating platform.