CN106802132B - A kind of penetration type Multifunction fishing bottom sediment in-situ observation feeler lever - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a penetrating multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod, which comprises a static penetration probe, a resistivity measurement module, a deformation measurement tube and a control cabin connected sequentially from bottom to top. The resistivity measurement module includes a resistivity measurement module main body, and point electrodes are equidistantly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the resistivity measurement module main body. The deformation measuring tube is a tubular structure, the deformed rubber tube and the embedded pore water pressure sensor inside, the outer wall of the deformed rubber tube is distributed with eight stress and strain measuring optical fibers at equal intervals along the axial direction, and a row of permeable holes are distributed along the axial direction, each permeable The hole is connected to an embedded pore water pressure sensor. The invention can realize both CPTU detection and long-term in-situ observation, and increases the observation of dynamic change process of pore water pressure and sediment deformation at different depths; effectively combines deformation observation with pore pressure observation, and refers to static contact From different perspectives, we can interpret the dynamic change process mechanism of seabed sediments.

Description

A penetrating multifunctional in-situ observation probe for seabed sediments

technical field

The invention relates to a penetrating multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe, which belongs to the technical field of marine observation and the field of marine engineering geology.

Background technique

In the coastal zone, sediments are rapidly settled and accumulated through long-distance transport by rivers, and a series of dynamic changes occur under the influence of ocean hydrodynamics (waves, currents, tides, etc.), soil weight, and bioturbation, including sediment Consolidation and compaction process, liquefaction rheological process, erosion and resuspension migration process, in these processes, the composition, structure, physical and mechanical properties and engineering geological properties of sediments undergo dynamic changes, which in turn lead to coastal erosion and port siltation. , submarine landslides, turbidity currents and other marine geological disasters, thus causing huge damage to offshore platforms, submarine pipelines, submarine cables and other marine engineering facilities.

At present, geophysical survey methods based on the principles of acoustics, optics, magnetism, gravity, and resistivity are more focused on detection and acquisition of static data, and are forced to ignore the dynamic changes over time, energy conversion, and material exchange of sediments near the seabed boundary layer process. In addition, geophysical prospecting methods have fast detection speed, wide range, and large depth, but there are often certain detection blind spots, and the accuracy of the process of natural events, especially the capture of details, is far from meeting the requirements.

Compared with non-contact geophysical methods, penetrating probes have better detection effects and are easier to achieve long-term in-situ observations. The working method and measurement principle of mainstream penetrating probes are also completely different. Common penetration probes include: photoelectric erosion probes, deposition measuring rods, resistivity probes, and pore pressure probes. In addition, there are a series of penetrating probes such as Raman probes (probe rods) and geothermal probes (probe rods).

Lawler designed a photoelectric sensing probe (Photo-Electronic Erosion Pin, PEEP for short). When the photoelectric sensing probe is partially inserted into the seabed interface, the number of photoelectric sensing sensors exposed to sunlight due to sediment erosion or deposition When it changes, its voltage value also changes, so as to obtain the seawater and sediment induced voltage at different locations.

Erlingsson has developed a set of sedimentation measuring instrument (SEDIMETER), which is composed of an infrared sensor and a data acquisition device, and its working principle is basically similar to that of PEEP. Germany ARGUS company has developed a boundary layer suspended matter profile measuring instrument (referred to as ASM). The instrument can be used to observe the dynamic changes of sediment and suspended matter in the space of 1-2 meters above the bottom of the water.

Rosenberger designed and developed a free-fall penetrating resistivity probe, which was later used to continuously measure the resistivity of sediments at a depth of 4 meters below the seafloor. Won designed a probe rod with four annular electrodes arranged vertically, and used the Wenner method to test the apparent resistivity of seabed sediments. Later, this method was further improved and applied to seabed erosion and deposition monitoring. Jia Yonggang has developed a resistivity probe that can simultaneously and automatically observe and record the state of seabed sediments-seabed surface position-sea cement and sand content, which can realize the vertical direction of sediment state, sea bed surface position and sea cement and sand concentration. observe.

The pore pressure probe rod is one of the most concerned penetration probe rods at present. The Sandia National Laboratory of the United States, the French Ocean Development Institute (Ifremer), the French NKE Company, and the Ocean University of China have successively developed a series of submarine sediment pore pressure measurement probes, which are used in submarine landslides, submarine earthquakes, high-pressure gas-liquid injection It plays an important role in the research of other scientific problems.

However, at present, most of the applications of submarine sediment observation probes at home and abroad are single-index observations, and the real observation indicators for sediments are basically limited to pore water pressure or resistivity.

In the general long-term observation time range (usually several weeks to several months), the soil type and vertical stratification characteristics of the seabed can be regarded as static parameters; sediment pore water pressure, sediment lateral stress, deposition The lateral strain of sediment can be regarded as a dynamic parameter from microscopic to macroscopic; while sediment soil strength, seabed foundation bearing capacity, sediment porosity, etc. can be regarded as composite parameters based on static parameters and seriously affected by dynamic parameters. .

Obviously, for complex and diverse seabed sediments, no single index can be used to conduct effective research on their properties, changes, mechanisms, and processes. How to directly obtain synchronous, long-term, dynamic and multi-parameter sediment indicators is an urgent problem to be solved at present.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a penetrating multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod (hereinafter referred to as "probe rod"), which can measure the cone resistance, side friction resistance and resistivity of the sediment as a function of depth, and It can measure the dynamic change process of multi-point sediment pore water pressure (or excess pore pressure) and lateral sliding deformation of sediment in real time. Based on the above observation data, parameters such as seabed soil type, vertical stratification characteristics, soil strength, seabed foundation bearing capacity, and sediment porosity at the observation point can be analyzed and obtained, and real-time monitoring of sediment pore water pressure, sediment The dynamic change process of transverse strain and stress. And then provide services for offshore construction, engineering safety, disaster early warning and scientific research.

A penetrating multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod includes a static penetration probe, a resistivity measurement module, a deformation measurement tube and a control cabin connected sequentially from bottom to top.

The static penetration probe is a standard pore pressure static penetration (CPTU) probe, which includes a bottom cone, a static penetration main body and a watertight joint I connected sequentially from bottom to top. The cone tip at the bottom can measure the resistance of the sediment to the cone tip during the uniform velocity penetration; the static penetrating probe body can measure the side friction resistance and pore water pressure of the sediment to the cylinder during the uniform velocity penetration; the top watertight joint I It can supply power for the static penetrating probe, provide observation parameters, and transmit observation data.

The resistivity measurement module includes watertight joint II, resistivity measurement module main body and watertight joint III connected in sequence from bottom to top, and point electrodes are equally spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the resistivity measurement module main body; watertight joint II and watertight joint I Connect the signal channel through the inner ring, and connect with the sealing ring through the thread of the outer ring to ensure sealing and rigid body strength. Each point electrode can be used as a transmitting and receiving electrode.

The deformation measuring tube is a tubular structure, including a watertight joint IV, a deformed rubber tube and a photoelectric composite watertight joint V sequentially connected from bottom to top. The watertight joint IV and the watertight joint III are connected by threads, and the connected cables are used for transmission, control and power supply; the outer wall of the deformed rubber tube is distributed with eight stress and strain measurement optical fibers (loops) at equal intervals along the axial direction, respectively measuring the force in eight directions. The stress and strain are finally connected to the control cabin on the top of the deformation measurement tube through the photoelectric composite watertight joint V on the top, and the optical fiber signal is demodulated, collected and stored; when the seabed slides laterally, the deformation measurement tube follows When large deformation occurs, the optical fibers in all directions will send the deformed optical signals to the control cabin, and the stress and strain data in all directions can be obtained after demodulation; between the two measuring optical fibers on the outer wall of the deformed rubber tube, the There is a row of permeable holes distributed at intervals, and each permeable hole is connected to an embedded pore water pressure sensor, and the embedded pore water pressure sensor is located inside the deformation measurement tube; through the pressure measurement holes of the embedded pore water pressure sensor, different depths The pore water pressure is measured; the photoelectric composite watertight joint V is used to connect with the photoelectric composite watertight joint VI at the bottom of the control cabin.

The inside of the control cabin is equipped with a control acquisition system, and there is a photoelectric composite watertight joint VI at the bottom, which is connected with the photoelectric composite watertight joint V on the top of the deformation measuring tube. Through the control signal sent from the control cabin, through the bus composed of watertight joints, the power supply, control and other signals are distributed to the deformation measurement tube, resistivity measurement module and static penetration probe, and the data results are transmitted to the control cabin through the bus to store.

Further, the point electrodes are arranged in two weeks on the outer peripheral surface of the main body of the resistivity measurement module, ten point electrodes per week.

Further, the point electrodes can flexibly adopt different detection methods such as the dipole method, the dipole method, the three-pole method, and the Wenner method according to the electrical characteristics of the measured sediment, so as to obtain the most accurate sediment resistivity.

Furthermore, when the probe rod is in-situ for long-term observation in the sediment, the observation data can adopt the real-time online working mode of hydroacoustic transmission combined with satellite transmission, or the self-contained storage working mode.

Further, if it is necessary to observe the dynamic conditions of the ocean, self-contained wave, tide, current, and turbidity sensors can be mounted on the top of the control cabin.

The invention is used for static penetration and long-term in-situ observation of seabed sediments. It can not only measure the cone resistance, side friction resistance, pore water pressure, and resistivity of the sediments during the penetration process. It can observe the dynamic change process of sediment pore water pressure and sediment lateral sliding deformation at different depths for a long time, and then analyze and obtain the seabed soil type, vertical stratification characteristics, soil strength and seabed foundation bearing capacity at the observation point , sediment porosity and other parameters, real-time monitoring of sediment pore water pressure, sediment lateral strain and stress dynamic change process.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. Effectively transform the traditional CPTU detection into long-term in-situ observation including CPTU detection, and increase the observation of the dynamic change process of pore water pressure and sediment deformation at different depths;

2. Compared with the traditional single-index long-term observation probe rods (such as a large number of different types of pore water pressure probe rods), the present invention effectively combines the deformation observation with the pore pressure observation, and refers to the background information provided by the static penetration sounding, from Interpret the dynamic change process mechanism of seabed sediments from different perspectives, and provide services for scientific research and engineering construction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural representation of the multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod of the present invention;

Fig. 2 schematic diagram of each part of multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of each part of the multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod of the present invention.

In Figure 1-3: 1-static penetration probe; 2-resistivity measurement module; 3-deformation measurement tube; 4-embedded pore water pressure sensor; 5-control cabin; 6-bottom cone tip; 7-static Force penetration probe main body; 8-watertight joint I; 9-watertight joint II; 10-resistivity measurement module main body; 11-point electrode; 12-watertight joint III; 13-deformed rubber tube; 14-permeable hole; Optical fiber; 16-watertight joint IV; 17-photoelectric composite watertight joint V; 18-pressure measuring hole; 19-photoelectric composite watertight joint VI.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

1. The structure and assembly of the penetrating multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod

The penetrative multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe shown in Figure 1-3 includes a static penetration probe 1, a resistivity measurement module 2, a deformation measurement tube 3, and a control cabin 5 connected sequentially from bottom to top. .

The static penetration probe 1 is a standard hole pressure static penetration (CPTU) probe, which includes a bottom cone tip 6, a static penetration penetration main body 7, and a watertight joint I 8 connected sequentially from bottom to top.

Resistivity measurement module 2 includes watertight joint II 9, resistivity measurement module main body 10 and watertight joint III 12 connected in sequence from bottom to top, two weeks of point electrodes 11 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of resistivity measurement module main body 10, every week etc. Ten point electrodes 11 are distributed at intervals.

The deformation measuring tube 3 is a tubular structure, including a watertight joint IV16, a deformed rubber tube 13 and a photoelectric composite watertight joint V17 connected sequentially from bottom to top. The outer wall of the deformed rubber tube 13 is distributed with eight stress-strain measuring optical fibers (loops) 15 equidistantly along the axial direction, and between the two measuring optical fibers 15 is a row of permeable holes 14 distributed along the axially equidistant intervals, and each permeable hole 14 is connected to An embedded pore water pressure sensor 4, the embedded pore water pressure sensor 4 is located inside the deformation measuring tube 3, the embedded pore water pressure sensor 4 is provided with a pressure measurement hole 18, and the pressure measurement hole 18 is connected with the permeable hole 14.

The inside of the control cabin 5 is provided with a control acquisition system, and a photoelectric composite watertight joint VI19 is arranged at the bottom.

The static penetration probe 1, the resistivity measurement module 2, the deformation measurement tube 3 and the control cabin 5 are sequentially connected and assembled through watertight joints, specifically: the watertight joint I 8 is electrically connected to the watertight joint II 9 to transmit electrical signals; the watertight joint III12 is electrically connected to the watertight joint IV16 to transmit electrical signals; the photoelectric composite watertight joint V17 is connected to the photoelectric composite watertight joint VI19 to transmit photoelectric signals.

2. Deployment and recovery of penetrating multi-functional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rods

Apply the above assembled penetrative multifunctional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod to a certain seabed observation work, equip with static penetrating equipment (such as static penetration testing platform, etc.), ship it out to sea, and complete the deployment Prepare. The deployment method is as follows: the static penetrating test during the penetration process is performed by operating the deck control unit, and the probe rod is placed inside the seabed sediment (making the control cabin 5 above the seabed). During the penetrating process of the probe rod, in strict accordance with the working requirements of the static penetrating probe, the 10cm ² static penetrating probe was penetrated into the sediment at a constant speed of 2cm/s±10%. During the penetration process, the probe rod can obtain the cone tip resistance, side friction resistance, pore water pressure, resistivity and attitude of the sediment at different depths at this point.

After the penetration is completed, recover the static penetration platform, and leave the probe rod in the sediment for in-situ long-term observation. This process can adopt the real-time online working mode of hydroacoustic transmission combined with satellite transmission, or self-contained storage working mode.

After the in-situ long-term observation is over, the recovery cable can be released to the sea surface through the underwater acoustic release device, or the diver can locate the hanging cable, and the equipment can be recovered by the ship-borne crane. After the recovery is completed, read the data and analyze the dynamic change process of the seabed sediment.

3. The observation process and principle of the penetrating multi-functional seabed sediment in-situ observation probe rod

The observation of the seabed sediment by the above-mentioned probe includes the observation of the penetration stage and the in-situ long-term observation. The probe distributes power supply, control and other signals to the deformation measurement tube 3, resistivity measurement module 2 and static penetrating probe 1 through the bus composed of watertight joints through the control signal sent from the control cabin 5, and through the bus The observed data results are transmitted to the control cabin 5 for storage.

The working process and principle of the probe rod during the penetration process are: the bottom cone tip 6 measures the resistance of the sediment to the cone tip during the uniform velocity penetration process, and the static penetration probe main body 7 measures the sediment resistance to the cylinder during the uniform velocity penetration process. The lateral friction resistance and pore water pressure of the body, and the resistivity measurement module main body 10 measures the resistivity during the uniform penetration process. Therefore, during the penetrating process of the probe rod, the cone tip resistance, side friction resistance, pore water pressure, resistivity and attitude of the sediment at different depths at this point can be obtained (the attitude is obtained by the inclination angle of the two horizontal directions of X and Y) .

The working process and principle of in-situ long-term observation are as follows: eight stress-strain measuring optical fibers 15 on the outer wall of the deformed rubber tube 13 measure stress and strain in eight directions respectively, and are connected to the top of the deformation measuring tube 3 through the photoelectric composite watertight joint V17 at the top In the control cabin 5, demodulation, collection and storage of optical fiber signals are carried out. When the seabed slides laterally, the deformation measurement tube 3 will undergo a large deformation, and the stress and strain measurement optical fiber 15 in each direction will send the deformed optical signal to the control cabin 5, and the stress and strain in each direction can be obtained after demodulation data. The embedded pore water pressure sensor 4 located inside the deformation measuring tube 3 measures the pore water pressure at different depths through the pressure measuring hole 18 provided thereon. Therefore, in the long-term observation of the probe rod, the dynamic change process of sediment pore water pressure, stress, lateral displacement and other parameters at different depths within the probe rod observation range can be obtained.

It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of penetration type Multifunction fishing bottom sediment in-situ observation feeler lever, including tubulose deformation measurement pipe (3) and measurement optical fiber (15), it is characterised in that also including the bottom-up static sounding probe (1) being sequentially connected, resistivity measurement module (2), become Shape measurement pipe (3) and control cabinet (5)；

The static sounding probe (1) include the bottom-up bottom cone (6) being sequentially connected, static sounding main body (7) and Watertight connector I (8)；

The resistivity measurement module (2) bottom-up watertight connector II (9), resistivity measurement module master including being sequentially connected Body (10) and watertight connector III (12), equidistant distributed point electrode on the outer peripheral face of resistivity measurement module bodies (10) (11)；

The deformation measurement pipe (3) includes bottom-up the watertight connector IV (16) being sequentially connected, deformable rubber pipe (13) and light Reply by cable and close watertight connector V (17)；Equidistantly distributed has eight stress-strain measurement light to the outer wall of deformable rubber pipe (13) vertically Fine (15), between two of which measures optical fiber (15), equidistantly distributed has row's permeable hole (14), each permeable hole vertically (14) an embedded pore water pressure sensor (4) is connected, embedded pore water pressure sensor (4) is located at deformation measurement pipe (3) it is internal, pick-up hole (18), pick-up hole (18) and permeable hole are set on embedded pore water pressure sensor (4) (14) dock；

Control acquisition system is provided with inside described control cabinet (5), the compound watertight connector VI (19) of photoelectricity is arranged at bottom；

Static sounding probe (1), resistivity measurement module (2), deformation measurement pipe (3) and control cabinet (5) are passed sequentially through into water Contiguity head assembles, and is specially：Watertight connector I (8) electrically connects with watertight connector II (9), watertight connector III (12) and watertight Joint IV (16) is electrically connected, and the compound watertight connector V (17) of photoelectricity watertight connector VI (19) compound with photoelectricity is attached.

2. penetration type Multifunction fishing bottom sediment in-situ observation feeler lever according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the point Electrode (11) was arranged on the outer peripheral face of resistivity measurement module bodies (10) in two weeks, weekly ten point electrodes (11).

3. penetration type Multifunction fishing bottom sediment in-situ observation feeler lever according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that institute Transmitting and receiving electrode can be used as by stating each point electrode (11), using appointing in two pole methods, double distribution method, three electrode method or Wenner method A kind of detection method.

4. penetration type Multifunction fishing bottom sediment in-situ observation feeler lever according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spy When bar carries out long-term observation in situ in deposit, observation data use the real-time online work that satellite transmission is combined with underwater sound transmission Operation mode, or using the mode of operation from appearance storage.

5. penetration type Multifunction fishing bottom sediment in-situ observation feeler lever according to claim 1, it is characterised in that controlling Self-tolerant wave, tide, ocean current, turbidity transducer are carried at the top of cabin (5).