CN114685587A - 环状RNAcircMDK及其应用和肝癌治疗制剂 - Google Patents
环状RNAcircMDK及其应用和肝癌治疗制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114685587A CN114685587A CN202210313271.7A CN202210313271A CN114685587A CN 114685587 A CN114685587 A CN 114685587A CN 202210313271 A CN202210313271 A CN 202210313271A CN 114685587 A CN114685587 A CN 114685587A
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Abstract
本发明公开了环状RNAcircMDK及其应用和肝癌治疗制剂。通过研究证实了circMDK是新的环状RNA,且在肝癌组织中高表达,敲低circMDK(siRNA)能抑制肝癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭,促进凋亡。采用单步纳米沉淀法制备了聚(β‑氨基酯)(PAEs)阳离子纳米粒子,并对siRNA进行了高效包封。PAE‑siRNA复合物通过siRNA沉默来下调circMDK的表达,并有效抑制肝癌的发生和进展,具有深远的临床意义以及肝癌靶向治疗的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于肿瘤分子生物学技术领域,具体涉及环状RNAcircMDK、检测circMDK表达量的试剂在制备肝癌诊断制剂中的应用、抑制circMDK表达的试剂在制备肝癌治疗制剂中的应用、以及新型纳米颗粒聚(β-氨基酯)运载circMDK siRNA的肝癌治疗制剂。
背景技术
肝癌是全世界第六常见的癌症,也是第二大癌症相关死亡原因。这种疾病对健康构成了严重的威胁,给社会和个人带来了沉重的经济负担。常见的肝癌治疗手段有手术治疗、放疗、化疗等,然而,常规治疗手段的副作用较大,且对于放化疗耐受或者中晚期转移的患者往往达不到好的效果。因此,开发肝癌新型治疗手段仍很有必要。
随着高通量测序技术和生物信息学的发展,人们对非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)的研究不断深入。然而,环状RNA在HCC(肝癌细胞)的发生发展以及药物靶向治疗中的分子机制仍然不是十分清楚。
目前,基因治疗已成为治疗癌症的一种新方法,其中,RNA干扰便是一种调节靶基因的方法。然而,裸siRNA的基因沉默效率非常低,且容易被核酸酶快速降解,因此,开发安全有效的递送系统是实现siRNA技术的关键。聚(β-氨基酯)(PAEs)是一类重要的生物可降解的合成聚合物,可以被细胞内酯酶降解,从而显著提高生物相容性。由于其具有pH敏感性、高生物相容性和结构多样性等特点,可灵活的合成和基因加载,已成为基因和药物传递载体和组织工程支架的主要研究对象。由此可见,聚(β-氨基酯)运载siRNA用于肝癌靶向治疗有望作为一种新型肝癌治疗手段,对提高放化疗耐受的中晚期以及转移患者的治疗疗效有着重大的意义。
已有研究表明,通过纳米材料运载siRNA(包括lncRNA-siRNA和mRNA-siRNA)可以在治疗过程中发挥抗肿瘤作用,而借助纳米材料运载circRNA-siRNA在肿瘤治疗过程中的功能至今没有相关研究报道。
因此,筛选出新型circMDK分子并利用聚(β-氨基酯)进行运载,可以作为肝癌靶向治疗的有效成分和新型策略,若能尽早在专利领域得到很好的保护,可以显著提高我国在该技术领域的国际竞争力。
发明内容
本发明从肝癌组织RNA-Seq数据中筛选出了高表达的新的环状RNAcircMDK,验证了其在肝癌组织和肝癌细胞中的表达情况,以及敲低circMDK后对肝癌细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡的影响;进一步利用聚(β-氨基酯)运载circMDK的siRNA,验证该纳米制剂复合物在体内的抗肿瘤效果以及肝癌靶向治疗的应用前景。
本发明首要目的是提供一种新的环状RNAcircMDK,序列为AGGGACAAGGCAGGGCATGATTGATTAAAGCTAACGAGCAGACAGAAGGCACTGGTGGGTCACATCTCGGGCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCCCAT,见SEQ NO.1。
本发明的第二个目的是提供检测circMDK表达量的试剂在制备肝癌诊断制剂中的应用,所述的circMDK的序列为AGGGACAAGGCAGGGCATGATTGATTAAAGCTAACGAGCAGACAGAAGGCACTGGTGGGTCACATCTCGGGCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCCCAT。
检测circMDK表达量的试剂包括:PCR检测试剂,或者原位杂交检测试剂;PCR检测试剂优选包含扩增环状RNA circMDK的引物:
上游引物:GCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCG,见SEQ NO.2,
下游引物:CCGAGATGTGACCCACCAGTGCC,见SEQ NO.3。
本发明的第三个目的是提供抑制circMDK表达的试剂在制备肝癌治疗制剂中的应用,所述的circMDK的序列为AGGGACAAGGCAGGGCATGATTGATTAAAGCTAACGAGCAGACAGAAGGCACTGGTGGGTCACATCTCGGGCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCCCAT。
抑制circMDK表达的试剂包括抑制circMDK表达的siRNA,优选siRNA#1(序列为GGGCCAGGCCCCATAGGGA,见SEQ NO.4)、siRNA#2(序列为CCAGGCCCCATAGGGACAA,见SEQNO.5)、siRNA#3(序列为GCCCCATAGGGACAAGGCA,见SEQ NO.6);进一步优选siRNA#1序列:GGGCCAGGCCCCATAGGGA。
抑制circMDK表达的试剂包括:采用聚(β-氨基酯)作为载体运载抑制circMDK表达的siRNA的PAE-siRNA复合物;优选采用聚(β-氨基酯)包裹抑制circMDK表达的siRNA形成的复合物。
所述的肝癌治疗包括:对肝癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的抑制,以及凋亡水平的促进作用。
所述的PAE-siRNA复合物能提升肝癌肿瘤细胞治疗的敏感性。
本发明还提供了一种肝癌治疗药物,为抑制circMDK表达的试剂,优选包括:采用聚(β-氨基酯)作为载体运载抑制circMDK表达的siRNA的PAE-siRNA复合物;优选采用聚(β-氨基酯)包裹抑制circMDK表达的siRNA形成的复合物。
所述的肝癌治疗药物,制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)PAEs制备:首先,将1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、甘油三丙烯酸酯和5-氨基-1-戊醇混合,在黑暗中加热剧烈搅拌,以制备得到未封端的PAEs;其次,将端基丙烯酸酯聚(β-氨基酯)在DMSO中溶解,加入1,3-二氨基丙烷溶液,振荡培养;随后,将上述两种反应物混合,氮气保护;最后,得到的终产物经乙醚洗涤、干燥;
(2)PAE-siRNA复合物制备:将带正电荷的PAEs溶液与含有siRNA的溶液混合,摇匀,完成siRNA与PAEs的静电作用结合。
本发明验证了环状RNA circMDK在肝癌组织和细胞中表达上调,具有统计学意义,且测序数据匹配实验验证,试验过程严谨,结果真实可靠。
本发明开发的基于(β-氨基酯)(PAEs)的纳米颗粒递送siRNA系统,采用单步纳米沉淀法制备了PAEs阳离子纳米粒子,并对siRNA进行了高效包封。在操作上,通过尾静脉注射PAEs-siRNA纳米复合物,可实现肝癌靶向治疗,这种治疗手段操作方便,可以精准定位于肿瘤部位,且对周围正常组织无明显毒副作用,是一类较理想的治疗手段。
本发明提供PAE-siRNA复合物用于肝癌靶向治疗的试剂,为提高肝癌的治疗疗效提供可靠的产品。
总之,本发明在验证过程中,首先通过RNA-Seq在肝癌组织中筛选出了高表达的环状RNAcircMDK,并在肝癌细胞系中验证了circMDK的表达水平。敲低环状RNA circMDK后发现可以抑制肝癌细胞的增殖、侵袭、转移,促进凋亡。进一步通过合成PAEs阳离子纳米粒子,对siRNA进行了高效包封。体外实验结果表明,PAE-siRNA复合物可有效下调肝癌细胞中circMDK的表达,体内动物实验显示,PAE-siRNA复合物可有效抑制肝癌进展并无明显毒副作用。本发明为肝癌治疗提供了极具潜力的分子生物学工具,具有深远的临床意义和重要的推广应用前景。
附图说明
图1为对差异表达的circRNA进行聚类热图分析。
图2为对差异表达的circRNA进行聚类火山图分析。
图3为qPCR检测肝癌组织中环状RNAcircMDK的表达;GAPDH作为内参(HCC和癌旁组之间采用配对t检验分析统计差异,*代表p<0.05)。
图4为qPCR检测肝癌细胞中环状RNA circMDK的表达;GAPDH作为内参(两组之间采用独立样本的t检验进行统计分析,***代表p<0.001)。
图5取自肝癌细胞的RNA(10μg)用5U/μg RNase R(epicentrtechnologies)处理,在37℃孵育30分钟。然后用circMDK引物或MDK引物对处理后的RNA进行逆转录,GAPDH作为内参,进行qRT-PCR检测(***代表p<0.001)。
图6肝癌细胞被植入六孔板中,用5μg/mL放线菌素D或DMSO处理细胞24h后,用circMDK引物或MDK引物对处理后的RNA进行逆转录,进行qPCR检测(**代表p<0.01,***代表p<0.001)。
图7为使用试剂盒对细胞进行核质分离(***代表p<0.001)。
图8为RNA FISH实验,在HepG2细胞中利用circMDK探针进行杂交显色,circMDK的表达为红色荧光表示,DAPI用蓝色荧光表示。
图9为qPCR检测肝癌细胞中敲除circMDK的效率,siRNA#1的抑制作用最强,因此我们选择siRNA-1作为实验的目标。(两组之间采用独立样本的t检验进行统计分析,*代表p<0.05,**代表p<0.01)。
图10为敲低circMDK对肝癌细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移和凋亡的影响。(A-B)显示敲低circMDK肝癌细胞的增殖能力显著降低;C-D显示敲低circMDK肝癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力显著降低。(E)显示敲低circMDK促进肝癌细胞凋亡。(两组之间采用独立样本的t检验进行统计分析,***代表p<0.001)。
图11为PAEs和PAE-siRNA复合物在透射电子显微镜(TEM)下的形貌表征图。
图12为PAEs和PAE-siRNA复合物的直径与zeta电位。
图13裸鼠皮下瘤模型构建及其抗肿瘤效果。(A)干预期间裸鼠的体重记录图;(B)不同干预组裸鼠的生长曲线图;(C-D)不同干预组裸鼠的皮下肿瘤大小和体重。
图14为PAE-siRNA的体内靶向性分析。(A-B)PAE-Cy5-siRNA有效地聚集在肿瘤部位,且PAE-siRNA主要被肝脏和肾脏清除;(C-D)PAE-Cy5-siRNA可以显著抑制肿瘤生长,其干预组的肿瘤大小和重量在四组中最小。
图15为裸鼠原位模型中的抗肿瘤效果。(A)裸鼠原位癌模型构建过程记录图;(B)PET/CT扫描过程示意图;(C)PAE-siRNA复合物显著抑制肝癌生长,肝脏肿瘤显著缩小;(D)PAE-siRNA处理组18F-FDG的积累相对于其他组相对较低,SUV值降低,说明PAE-siRNA复合物在原位模型中的抗肿瘤作用效果明显。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施方式旨在进一步说明本发明,而非形成对本发明的限制。
本发明中采用的肝癌细胞来自ATCC细胞库(Huh7、Hep3B和HepG2);聚(β-氨基酯)(PAEs)阳离子纳米粒子由中南大学药学院合成;敲低环状RNAcircMDK的siRNA构建由广州锐博公司完成。
本发明采用的肝癌组织及癌旁组织样本来自于中南大学湘雅医院。所选择临床样本排除了手术以及放化疗患者和其他严重免疫性疾病以及其他重大疾病。临床标本收集时间区间:2018-2019年。收集临床样本逐步完整临床资料,包括患者姓名、性别、年龄、住院编号、病理类型、病理分期、接受治疗情况等。所有临床样本均征得被采集者的同意。
Realtime PCR引物
本发明所用的引物和探针均通过专用的引物设计网站Primer 3.0进行设计。引物合成工作委托擎科生物工程公司合成。为了确保引物的特异性和qPCR的精确性,严格遵循以下引物设计原则:
本发明所用引物序列如下:
扩增环状RNAcircMDK引物
上游引物:GCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCG
下游引物:CCGAGATGTGACCCACCAGTGCC
内参(GAPDH)引物序列
上游引物:GAGATCCCTCCAAAATCAAGTG,见SEQ NO.7,
下游引物:GAGTCCTTCCACGATACCAAAG,见SEQ NO.8。
实施例1:RNA-seq实验筛选差异表达的circRNA
对肝癌组织进行RNA-Seq测序,筛选差异表达的circRNA。这部分实验内容由广州锐博生物技术有限公司完成,具体步骤如下:RNA进行提取以及质检后,经探针去除rRNA,RNaseR去线性RNA后构建Illumina测序文库。随后进行测序,测序模式为PE150,测序数据量12G/15G。对于测序数据首先进行Raw Data过滤、去接头序列及低质量reads,获得高质量数据(Clean Data)。然后通过与核糖体数据库进行比对,去除核糖体RNA序列,获得有效的reads。将有效的reads与参考基因组进行比对(mapping),比对结果用于下一步环状RNA的鉴定,锐博生物采用2个软件综合鉴定环状RNA,得到高度可信环状RNA。并进一步对鉴定得到的环状RNA进行序列预测、表达值计算和表达差异分析。显著差异表达的环状RNA用于后续功能挖掘。
RNA-seq结果分析
采用DESeq2方法计算差异环状RNA,并使用p-value小于0.05且|log2 FoldChange|大于1作为差异circRNA的界定标准。聚类分析判断在HCC和邻近癌旁组织(ANL)中差异环状RNA的表达模式。在本次测序结果中p-value小于0.05及|log2 Fold Change|大于1的差异circRNAs一共有42个,其中上调的差异circRNAs有4个(BYSL、CASP8AP2、ILF2和MDK),下调的有38个(表1)。采用DESeq2计算差异表达的circRNA,p-value<0.05且|log2Fold Change|>1作为聚类分析界定,绘制热图分析上调以及下调的circRNAs(图1);采用DESeq2计算差异表达的circRNA,p-value<0.05且|log2 Fold Change|>1作为聚类分析界定,绘制火山图分析上调以及下调的circRNAs(图2),统计差异环状RNA的整体分布情况。考虑到BYSL、CASP8AP2、ILF2和MDK的Fold Change值分别为2.978328158、2.561024305、3.548767972和10.07304768,其中,circMDK有最高的倍数变化,因此被选为进一步的研究对象。
表1差异表达circRNAs的统计结果
实施例2:qPCR检测肝癌组织中环状RNAcircMDK的表达
收集了35对新鲜的肝癌及癌旁组织进行qPCR检测环状RNAcircMDK表达情况,结果如图3所示。环状RNAcircMDK在癌组织中高表达,在癌旁组织中低表达。
采用qPCR检测环状RNAcircMDK在人正常肝细胞LO2和肝癌细胞HepG2、Huh7、Hep3B中的表达水平。如图4所示,相较LO2细胞而言,环状RNA circMDK在Hep3B和Huh7、HepG2细胞中的表达水平明显上调。
实施例3:RNase R和放线菌素D处理以及原位杂交实验检测环状RNA circMDK的结构特征
RNase R是一种高度加工的3’至5’外核糖核酸酶,可以消化线性RNA(即MDK),对其消化的抗性实验证实了circMDK具有一个封闭的环结构(图5);此外,经过放线菌素D处理后,circMDK转录本在24h内的半衰期比MDK更稳定(图6)。细胞核和细胞质分离结果以及RNAFISH检测结果共同表明,circMDK主要定位于细胞质中(图7,图8)。
实施例4:qPCR检测敲低环状RNAcircMDK的表达情况
取10ul合成的circMDK-siRNA溶液(100nM),利用Lipo-3000转染试剂盒转染至肝癌细胞中。6-8小时进行换液,连续培养48小时后,收集细胞,加入Trizol裂解细胞,冻存至-20℃,用于RNA抽提检测环状RNAcircMDK表达情况。
siRNA#1(序列为GGGCCAGGCCCCATAGGGA)、siRNA#2(序列为CCAGGCCCCATAGGGACAA)、siRNA#3(序列为GCCCCATAGGGACAAGGCA);对照siNC的序列UUCUCCGAACGUGUCACGU,见SEQ NO.9.
环状RNAcircMDK表达检测
1.RNA抽提流程:
(1)在冰上把裂解好的细胞及组织,于室温下放置5分钟,使得完全裂解之后。每一管组织或者细胞裂解液中加入200μL三氯甲烷,剧烈地振荡15秒,低温下放置5分钟,待其分层。
(2)2-8℃,12000rpm离心15分钟。样品分为三层,有机相在底层是红色的,蛋白层在中间层是白色的,水相层在上层是无色的,上层核酸是我们所需要的。
(3)吸取450μL的上层液体加到新的无酶tube管中,异丙醇加入450μL,轻轻的上下颠倒混匀,放在低温下静置15分钟。
(4)2-8℃,12000rpm离心15分钟,白色沉淀在离心后出现在管底,轻轻倒掉上清液,小心保留底下沉淀。
(5)每管加入1mL 75%的乙醇至沉淀飘离管壁(75%的乙醇用DEPC水配制)。2-8℃,7500rpm离心5分钟,弃去上清,重复2次这一步操作,离心一次,弃去上清。
(6)无核酸酶水溶解白色的沉淀得到RNA,促溶:50-60℃或者4℃冰箱过夜。
2.cDNA制备流程:
(1)按照逆转录试剂盒说明书进行操作:
充分混匀后加入以下成分:
(2)反应程序:
25℃ 5分钟
42℃ 60分钟
70℃ 5分钟
(3)反应在PCR仪上完成。待反应完毕后每管冷却到12℃时,将样品取出用作后续实验或者放入-20℃长久保存。
3.qPCR实验步骤以及反应程序
(1)反应体系
(2)反应程序如下:
(3)导出反应结果,计算目的基因和参照基因Ct、ΔCt和2-ΔΔCt计算方法:Ct值由ABI 7500Manager软件计算给出;ΔCt1=实验组待检测的基因Ct-实验组参照基因Ct;ΔCt2=Control组待检测的基因Ct-Control组参照基因Ct;ΔΔCt=ΔCt1-ΔCt2;2-ΔΔCt通过公式计算得出。结果分析利用Graph RAD prism7作出柱状图,分析circRNA在细胞中的2-ΔΔCt。采用独立样本t检验检验分析circRNA在细胞中的2-ΔΔCt值。
经过上述实验步骤,我们发现敲低环状RNAcircMDK的表达siRNA#1敲低效率最高(图9),因此,siRNA#1将用于后续所有实验。
实施例5:敲低circMDK对肿瘤细胞的体外抑制效果评估
为更好地检测敲低circMDK对肝癌细胞的体外抑制效果,我们通过CCK-8、Transwell实验和细胞流式实验分析评估了敲低circMDK后对肝癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡的影响。
(1)CCK-8和克隆形成试验:在CCK-8测定中,以103个细胞/孔的密度接种到96孔板中,从第0天至第4天,每孔加入10μLCCK-8。37℃,5%CO2培养箱中孵育2h后取出,酶标仪检测450nm波长处OD值;克隆形成试验:在6孔板培养板中培养,每个实验组接种3000~5000个细胞/孔(根据细胞生长情况确定),37℃,5%CO2培养箱中培养14~18天,甲醇固定菌落,结晶紫染色。用凝胶呈像仪完成拍照,获得具体的克隆数。
(2)细胞迁移、侵袭实验:将HCC细胞接种于上室,使用无血清的DMEM进行细胞培养,下室充入含10%胎牛血清的DMEM作为引诱剂。48h后,在Matrigel(Sigma-Aldrich,美国)中细胞被4%的PFA固定,并用0.1%的结晶紫染色(Beyotime,Shanghai,China)。光镜下观察细胞并拍照,选择10个视野计数,以反映细胞的移动性。进行了三个独立实验。
(3)细胞凋亡实验:细胞以2×105每孔的细胞数接种到6孔板,并转染10ul siRNA。连续培养12小时。随后用无EDTA的胰酶消化细胞后,800g离心收集细胞后用PBS重悬,调整细胞数为5×106个/mL。随后离心5分钟,取沉淀,用冰上冷却的PBS洗涤一次,1000rpm离心5分钟,5μL的Annexin V-FITC加入到100μL细胞悬液,无光孵育10分钟。加入PI孵育10分钟后,上机检测。
通过上述实验发现,敲低circMDK可以显著抑制肝癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭并促进其凋亡(图10),结果提示敲低circMDK对肝癌细胞的生长有抑制作用。
实施例6:PAE-siRNA纳米复合物的合成及鉴定
(1)PAEs制备:首先,将1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯(5.0g,25.2mmol)、甘油三丙烯酸酯(256.2mg,1.0mmol)和5-氨基-1-戊醇(2.2g,21.0mmol)混合在玻璃瓶中,先在黑暗中90℃剧烈搅拌24h,以制备得到未封端的PAEs;其次,将端基丙烯酸酯聚(β-氨基酯)在DMSO中溶解至浓度为500mg/mL(160μL),加入640μL的1,3-二氨基丙烷溶液(0.25M in DMSO),室温振荡培养24h;随后,将上述两种反应物混合,氮气保护;最后,得到的终产物经乙醚洗涤、减压干燥,收集储存于-20℃;
(2)PAE-siRNA复合物制备:将带正电荷的PAEs溶液(1ug/mL,溶剂为pH 6.0的PBS溶液)与含有siRNA的溶液(100nM,溶剂为无酶水),按照siRNA与PAEs的重量比为50:1,混合,在台式摇床上摇匀1h,完成siRNA与PAEs的静电作用结合。
(3)PAE-siRNA复合物的表征:通过透射电镜(TEM,Tecnai G2 F20,美国)检测PAEs和PAE-siRNA复合物的形态。用Zetasizer Nano ZS(Malvern Nano series,Malvern,UK)分别测定PAEs和PAE-siRNA复合物的粒径和zeta电位值。
通过制备获得淡黄色的PAEs溶液,透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征了PAEs的形貌,其核结构清晰,尺寸均匀,约为100nm(图11);进一步通过粒径池测定其直径和电位分别为92.57nm和21.5mV。siRNA通过静电作用吸附在阳离子PAEs表面后,PAE-siRNA复合物的直径增大到180nm,zeta电位降低到-9.41mV(图12A-B)。
实施例7:PAE-siRNA复合物的体内抗肿瘤效果
(1)构建皮下肿瘤模型:我们将1×106HepG2细胞注射到Balb/c裸小鼠侧腹形成皮下肿瘤。当肿瘤直径达到约5毫米时,小鼠被随机分为生理盐水(Saline)、游离siRNA(FreesiRNA)、PAE-siRNA和PAE-nsRNA(PAE-siNC),每组6只小鼠,并尽可能靠近肿瘤部位注射对应组别的干预(每只小鼠siRNA当量为4μgsiRNA),每2天重复注射一次,共注射六次。计算肿瘤体积:V(体积)=(长度×宽度2)/2。在杀死动物时,剥离瘤子,放入PBS中清洗后用液氮速冻。对于要进行qPCR检测环状RNAcircMDK表达情况的组织用液氮冻存后,研钵研磨加入Trizol裂解,放入-20℃备用。
(2)PAE-siRNA复合物的体内靶向性分析:在体内成像研究中,我们使用Cy5-siRNA来减少自身荧光的干扰。为了研究PAE-siRNA复合物的肿瘤靶向能力,我们将含有皮下肿瘤的Balb/c裸鼠分别经尾静脉注射生理盐水、游离Cy5-siRNA和PAE-Cy5-siRNA(每只小鼠相当于40μg Cy5-siRNA)。注射后6、12和24h,用IVIS光谱活体成像系统(PerkinElmer)对小鼠荧光图像进行成像。24h后,处死小鼠,解剖主要器官和肿瘤,使用相同的系统获得离体荧光图像。
(3)原位肿瘤模型:我们在Balb/c裸鼠中创建原位肿瘤,以模拟天然肝癌微环境。简单地说,小鼠被麻醉后在正中切开肝脏,用微注射器(Hamilton)注射1×106HepG2细胞到Balb/c裸小鼠左肝下叶。穿刺部位用止血笔按压、电凝停止止血,然后用丝线缝合肝脏和腹部。细胞注射10天后,将小鼠随机分为生理盐水(Saline)、游离siRNA(Free siRNA)、PAE-siRNA和PAE-nsRNA(PAE-siNC)四组,每组6只小鼠,并通过尾静脉注射对应的siRNA配方(每只小鼠相当于400μg siRNA),共注射6次。在实验期间,一直监测小鼠的体重;第22天,对小鼠实施安乐死,切除肝脏并成像。
(4)PET/CT扫描对小鼠进行全身成像:原位肿瘤模型干预后20天对Balb/c裸鼠进行PET/CT扫描。在静脉注射18F-FDG后,小鼠被放置在成像室并保持麻醉状态。用小型动物PET扫描仪(Siemens Biograph 64HD PET/CT,Siemens,Germany)测定放射标记化合物的动力学和分布模式。每次扫描总扫描时间为2min,人工绘制肝脏肿瘤感兴趣区域(region ofinterest,ROI)。肝脏肿瘤的示踪剂摄取以最大标准化摄取值(SUV max)量化,公式为:SUVmax=最大病灶的放射性浓度(kBq/ml)/(注射剂量(MBq)/体重(kg))。
体内抗肿瘤疗效分析
在皮下肿瘤模型中,通过瘤周注射PAE-siRNA,可有效抑制小鼠肿瘤的生长和体重(图13)。
尾静脉注射PAE-Cy5-siRNA处理后,肿瘤部位的荧光强度增高,有效地聚集在肿瘤组织中。并且PAE-Cy5-siRNA复合物抑制了肿瘤的大小和重量(图14)。
构建的原位肝肿瘤模型显示PAE-siRNA复合物在原位模型中抑制肝癌的生长,PET/CT扫描结果显示肿瘤代谢标志物SUV值最低,说明PAE-siRNA复合物显著抑制肝癌(图15)。
序列表
<110> 中南大学
<120> 环状RNAcircMDK及其应用和肝癌治疗制剂
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Claims (10)
1.一种环状RNAcircMDK,序列为:
AGGGACAAGGCAGGGCATGATTGATTAAAGCTAACGAGCAGACAGAAGGCACTGGTGGGTCACATCTCGGGCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCCCAT。
2.检测circMDK表达量的试剂在制备肝癌诊断制剂中的应用,所述的circMDK的序列为:
AGGGACAAGGCAGGGCATGATTGATTAAAGCTAACGAGCAGACAGAAGGCACTGGTGGGTCACATCTCGGGCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCCCAT。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,检测circMDK表达量的试剂包括:PCR检测试剂,或者原位杂交检测试剂;PCR检测试剂优选包含扩增环状RNA circMDK的引物:
上游引物:GCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCG
下游引物:CCGAGATGTGACCCACCAGTGCC。
4.抑制circMDK表达的试剂在制备肝癌治疗制剂中的应用,所述的circMDK的序列为:
AGGGACAAGGCAGGGCATGATTGATTAAAGCTAACGAGCAGACAGAAGGCACTGGTGGGTCACATCTCGGGCCTGGGAGAGGGAGGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCCCAT。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,抑制circMDK表达的试剂包括抑制circMDK表达的siRNA,优选siRNA#1序列为GGGCCAGGCCCCATAGGGA、siRNA#2序列为CCAGGCCCCATAGGGACAA、siRNA#3序列为GCCCCATAGGGACAAGGCA;进一步优选siRNA#1序列。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,抑制circMDK表达的试剂包括:采用聚(β-氨基酯)作为载体运载抑制circMDK表达的siRNA的PAE-siRNA复合物;优选采用聚(β-氨基酯)包裹抑制circMDK表达的siRNA形成的复合物。
7.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的肝癌治疗包括:对肝癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的抑制,以及凋亡水平的促进作用。
8.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的PAE-siRNA复合物能提升肝癌肿瘤细胞治疗的敏感性。
9.一种肝癌治疗药物,其特征在于,为抑制circMDK表达的试剂,优选包括:采用聚(β-氨基酯)作为载体运载抑制circMDK表达的siRNA的PAE-siRNA复合物;优选采用聚(β-氨基酯)包裹抑制circMDK表达的siRNA形成的复合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的肝癌治疗药物,其特征在于,制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)PAEs制备:首先,将1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、甘油三丙烯酸酯和5-氨基-1-戊醇混合,在黑暗中加热剧烈搅拌,以制备得到未封端的PAEs;其次,将端基丙烯酸酯聚(β-氨基酯)在DMSO中溶解,加入1,3-二氨基丙烷溶液,振荡培养;随后,将上述两种反应物混合,氮气保护;最后,得到的终产物经乙醚洗涤、干燥;
(2)PAE-siRNA复合物制备:将带正电荷的PAEs溶液与含有siRNA的溶液混合,摇匀,完成siRNA与PAEs的静电作用结合。
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