CN114682612A - Membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying - Google Patents

Membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114682612A
CN114682612A CN202210368930.7A CN202210368930A CN114682612A CN 114682612 A CN114682612 A CN 114682612A CN 202210368930 A CN202210368930 A CN 202210368930A CN 114682612 A CN114682612 A CN 114682612A
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China
Prior art keywords
membrane
film
barrel
disc
shaped fixed
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Pending
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CN202210368930.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗昕
陈鑫
袁成林
胡斌
郭孟宇
海永鹏
徐晓赟
马金虎
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Shihezi University
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Shihezi University
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Priority to CN202210368930.7A priority Critical patent/CN114682612A/en
Publication of CN114682612A publication Critical patent/CN114682612A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/12Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/36Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy the crushing or disintegrating zone being submerged in liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B11/00Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/48Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying, which mainly comprises an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, a filtering and cutting mechanism, a negative pressure driving device, a frame, a waterproof device, a water circulation pipeline, a membrane collecting cylinder and a rod collecting groove. The working process is as follows: the film pole mixture gets into by the feed chute, and the motor drives the impeller rotation and produces the negative pressure, and the film pole mixture is under the negative pressure effect, and rotatory descending is to filtering cutting mechanism, and disc filtration formula profile of tooth stationary knife is fixed the plastic film below, and high-speed rotatory row miscellaneous sword is smashed the plastic film cutting, and kibbling plastic film is carried to incomplete membrane collection box through disc filtration formula profile of tooth stationary knife through water circulation pipeline, and cotton pole is arranged miscellaneous sword (can not pass through the stationary knife because of cotton pole diameter is greater than the stationary knife gap) and is pushed to the row pole mouth of upper barrel, and the cotton pole is lighter than water because of self density and upwards floats to the pole groove that gathers, realizes the effective separation and the recovery of plastic film and cotton pole. The device has the characteristics of continuous and reliable residual film shearing, good separation effect and convenient maintenance.

Description

Membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying.
Background
The mulching film has the advantages of reducing the evaporation of soil moisture, preserving soil moisture in dry weather, improving soil moisture after rain, promoting the absorption and growth and development of crops to the moisture and improving the utilization efficiency of the soil moisture, so the mulching film is widely popularized and used. Although the benefits of the mulching film are great, the white pollution caused by the mulching film is also great, the composition of the mulching film is polyethylene, the natural degradation is extremely long, and the residual mulching film can damage the soil structure and hinder the water migration. In recent years, mechanical mulching film recovery is mainstream, the treatment mode of mechanical mulching film recovery mainly comprises centralized landfill and incineration, secondary pollution is directly caused to the land and the environment, and the recycling of the mulching film cannot be realized. The mulching film is a recyclable material, and because the impurity content of the machine-harvested mulching film is high and the mulching film is seriously wound and knotted with impurities such as cotton stalks and the like, the mulching film is difficult to separate from the cotton stalks by the traditional method. Only when the separation of the mulching film and the cotton stalk is realized, the mulching film can be recycled.
At present, in order to realize the recycling of mulching films, the mulching films are separated from cotton stalks by adopting a manual sorting mode, but large-area popularization cannot be realized due to high-strength labor amount and high cost, and the tying is especially unfeasible when knotted film stalk mixtures are faced. Therefore, in order to realize the separation of the mechanical mulching film collecting mixture and the recycling of the mulching films, the development of a device for efficiently separating the mulching films from the cotton stalks is indispensable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention designs a membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on water medium conveying according to the difference of the external dimension and the mechanical property of a membrane rod mixture. The device can complete the functions of negative pressure feeding, filtering and cutting, separation and recovery and the like of the membrane rod mixture in sequence.
A membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on water medium conveying comprises an upper barrel body, a lower barrel body, a filtering and cutting mechanism (a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter and an impurity removing movable cutter), a negative pressure driving device (a motor, an impeller and a main shaft), a rack, a waterproof device (a waterproof disc and a waterproof gasket), a water circulation pipeline, a membrane collecting barrel and a rod collecting groove. The upper barrel body is positioned above the whole device, the side wall of the upper part of the upper barrel body is provided with a feeding groove, the upper part and the middle part are provided with an embedded structure mounting membrane collecting barrel and a rod collecting groove, the lower part is provided with a double-layer barrel wall, and the inner barrel wall is provided with a rod arranging port; the upper part of the lower cylinder body is provided with a filtering and cutting mechanism, and the inside of the lower cylinder body is provided with a negative pressure driving device which drives the main shaft to rotate so as to generate a spiral downward acting force on the materials; the lower part of the lower cylinder body is provided with a waterproof device for preventing water in the lower cylinder body from flowing onto the rack.
Furthermore, the side wall of the lower cylinder body is provided with a membrane discharge port, and the membrane discharge port is connected with a water circulation pipeline; a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the lower barrel, and an impurity removing movable cutter rotating along with the main shaft is arranged at the upper part of the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter; an impeller rotating along with the main shaft is arranged in the lower cylinder; and a waterproof disc and a waterproof gasket are arranged at the lower part of the impeller.
Furthermore, the impurity removing moving knife is provided with a row rod push plate and a film cutting blade; the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter is provided with a film drawing blade; the cotton stalks stacked on the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter are guided and discharged by the stalk arranging push plate; the mulching film cutting blade and the mulching film pulling blade act together to cut the mulching film passing through the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter.
Furthermore, a land wheel is arranged below the frame, so that the whole device can be moved freely; the water circulation pipeline upwards stretches into the inside of the film collecting cylinder, a small circular drainage opening is formed in the inside of the film collecting cylinder, water is separated from the broken mulching films, and water recycling is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the mulching film and the cotton stalk are different in material form under the disturbance of the impeller, the cotton stalk is adsorbed on the upper surface of the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter, so that the cotton stalk is guided by the impurity removing movable cutter to be discharged into the stalk collecting groove, the mulching film enters the lower barrel through the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter under the adsorption action and enters the stalk collecting barrel through the water circulation pipeline, and a film stalk mixture is well separated; the mulching film is cut while being separated, and the mulching film cutting machine has practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of an upper cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional model diagram of a rod collecting trough according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional model of a film collecting cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a lower cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional model diagram of the impurity removing blade according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional model diagram of a disk filter type tooth-shaped stationary knife provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings: 1. a frame; 2. a waterproof pan; 3. a waterproof gasket; 4. a lower cylinder body; 4-1, a film discharging port of the lower cylinder body; 5. a rod collecting groove; 6. an upper cylinder body; 6-1, arranging a rod port on the upper cylinder; 7. a film collecting cylinder; 8. a feed chute; 9. impurity removal moving blades; 9-1, a push plate with a row of rods; 9-2, cutting the film by a knife edge; 9-3, removing the cylindrical surface of the impurity moving blade; 10. a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter; 10-1, pulling the film blade; 10-2, filtering gaps by using a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter; 11. a main shaft; 12. an impeller; 13. a motor; 14. a land wheel; 15. a water circulation pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on water medium conveying comprises a rack (1), a waterproof device, a lower barrel (4), a rod collecting groove (5), an upper barrel (6), a membrane collecting barrel (7), a feeding groove (8), a filtering and cutting mechanism, a negative pressure driving device, a land wheel (14) and a water circulation pipeline (15). The waterproof device comprises a waterproof disc (2) and a waterproof gasket (3); the filtering and cutting mechanism comprises an impurity removing knife (9) and a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed knife (10); the negative pressure driving device comprises a main shaft (11), an impeller (12) and a motor (13).
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the upper cylinder (6) is located above the whole device, the upper side wall of the upper cylinder is provided with a feeding groove (8), the upper part and the middle part are provided with an embedded structure rod collecting groove (5) and a membrane collecting cylinder (7), the lower part is provided with a double-layer cylinder wall, and the inner cylinder wall is provided with a rod arranging port (6-1).
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, the side wall of the lower cylinder (4) is provided with a film discharge port (4-1), and the film discharge port is connected with a water circulation pipeline (15); a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter (10) is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the lower cylinder body, and an impurity removing movable cutter (9) rotating along with a main shaft (11) is arranged at the upper part of the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter; an impeller (12) which drives a main shaft (11) to rotate by a motor (13) is arranged in the lower cylinder; the lower part of the impeller is provided with a waterproof disc (2) and a waterproof gasket (3); the lower cylinder body is fixed with the frame (1) through a lower flange, and a land wheel (14) is arranged below the frame.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to improve the efficiency of cutting and impurity removing of the impurity removing knife (9), 2 impurity removing knives are symmetrically welded along the radial direction of the cylindrical surface (9-3) of the knife holder, a row rod push plate (9-1) on the impurity removing knives is rectangular, a film cutting knife edge (9-2) and the row rod push plate (9-1) of each impurity removing knife are respectively tangent to the cylindrical surface (9-3) of the knife holder, and the formed knife edge curve is a cylindrical surface, so that the cotton stalks are pushed to the row rod openings (6-1) of the cylinder body by the row rod push plate to be discharged.
As shown in fig. 8, the disc-filtering type tooth-shaped fixed knife (10) is disc-shaped and mainly comprises a film-drawing knife edge (10-1) and a disc-filtering type tooth-shaped fixed knife filtering gap (10-2); the film pulling blade (10-1) is in a shape of a protruding trapezoid tooth and plays a role of pulling the mulching film, and the mulching film is separated from the cotton stalk by a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed knife filtering gap (10-2).
When the device works, water is injected into the upper barrel (6) from the feeding groove (8), when the liquid level is flush with the upper surface of the inner wall of the rod collecting groove (5), water injection is stopped, the motor (13) drives the main shaft (11) to rotate, the main shaft (11) drives the impurity removing cutter (9) and the impeller (12) to rotate, water flow in the upper barrel (6) and the lower barrel (4) is disturbed when the impeller (12) rotates, at the moment, a membrane rod mixture is put into the upper barrel (6) through the feeding groove (8), the posture of the membrane rod mixture is changed under the disturbing action of the impurity removing cutter (9) and the impeller (12), the cotton rods are adsorbed on the upper surface of the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter (10), the impurity removing cutter (9) applies certain thrust to the cotton rods through rotation, so that the cotton rods are discharged from the upper barrel opening (6-1) and float to the rod collecting groove (5), mulching films are crushed under the joint action of the membrane cutting edge (9-2) and the membrane pulling blade (10-1), the broken film is conveyed to a film collecting cylinder (7) through a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed knife filtering gap (10-2) through a film discharging port (4-1) of the lower cylinder body and a water circulation pipeline (15), and the separation of the mulching film and the cotton stalks is completed.
The present invention should be considered as limited only by the preferred embodiments and not by the specific details, but rather as limited only by the accompanying drawings, and as used herein, is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a miscellaneous shearing separator of membrane based on aqueous medium carries which characterized in that: the device comprises an upper barrel, a lower barrel, a filtering and cutting mechanism, a negative pressure driving device, a frame, a waterproof device, a water circulation pipeline, a membrane collecting barrel and a rod collecting groove; the side wall of the upper part of the upper barrel body is provided with a feeding groove, the upper part and the middle part are provided with an embedded structure mounting membrane collecting barrel and a rod collecting groove, the lower part is provided with a double-layer barrel wall, and the inner barrel wall is provided with a rod arranging port; the upper part of the lower cylinder is provided with a filtering and cutting mechanism for cutting the membrane row rod, and the lower part is provided with a negative pressure driving device for driving the main shaft to rotate to generate a spiral downward acting force on the materials.
2. The membrane impurity shear separation device based on aqueous medium conveying of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the lower cylinder body is provided with a film discharge port; a disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the lower barrel, an impurity removing movable cutter rotating along with the main shaft is arranged at the upper part of the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter, and an impeller rotating along with the main shaft is arranged at the lower part of the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter; the lower part of the lower cylinder body is fixed with the frame through bolts, and a waterproof disc and a waterproof gasket are arranged between the lower cylinder body and the frame.
3. The membrane impurity shear separation device based on aqueous medium conveying of claim 2, wherein: the impurity removing moving knife is provided with a row rod push plate and a film cutting blade; the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter is provided with a film drawing blade; the cotton stalks stacked on the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter are guided and discharged by the stalk arranging push plate; the mulching film cutting blade and the mulching film pulling blade act together to cut the mulching film passing through the disc filtering type tooth-shaped fixed cutter.
CN202210368930.7A 2022-04-09 2022-04-09 Membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying Pending CN114682612A (en)

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CN202210368930.7A CN114682612A (en) 2022-04-09 2022-04-09 Membrane impurity shearing and separating device based on aqueous medium conveying

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115556268A (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-01-03 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Device for separating cotton stalks from film impurity mixture and separation method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110695062A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-01-17 广东双沃新能源有限公司 Waste film slag weight reduction treatment system
CN111495758A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-07 石河子大学 Membrane rod separation method and device
CN111673949A (en) * 2020-06-27 2020-09-18 石河子大学 Cutting and blockage clearing water washing type residual membrane separation device
CN113000552A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-22 温州仁浩纸业有限公司 Paper-plastic separator for recycling packaging paper and using method thereof
CN214714983U (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-11-16 石河子大学 Membrane impurity washing and separating device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110695062A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-01-17 广东双沃新能源有限公司 Waste film slag weight reduction treatment system
CN111495758A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-07 石河子大学 Membrane rod separation method and device
CN111673949A (en) * 2020-06-27 2020-09-18 石河子大学 Cutting and blockage clearing water washing type residual membrane separation device
CN113000552A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-22 温州仁浩纸业有限公司 Paper-plastic separator for recycling packaging paper and using method thereof
CN214714983U (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-11-16 石河子大学 Membrane impurity washing and separating device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115556268A (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-01-03 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Device for separating cotton stalks from film impurity mixture and separation method
CN115556268B (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-03-10 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Device for separating cotton stalks from film impurity mixture and separation method

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