CN114679926A - Method for ecological restoration of tailing pond - Google Patents
Method for ecological restoration of tailing pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN114679926A CN114679926A CN202210014378.1A CN202210014378A CN114679926A CN 114679926 A CN114679926 A CN 114679926A CN 202210014378 A CN202210014378 A CN 202210014378A CN 114679926 A CN114679926 A CN 114679926A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/027—Pots connected in horizontal rows
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for ecological restoration of a tailing pond, and relates to the technical field of tailing pond restoration. The method of repair comprises the steps of; renovating the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tailings reservoir to uniformly break the renovated soil, adding a soil conditioner into the broken soil suddenly, and uniformly mixing the soil conditioner with the renovated soil; correcting the dam face of the tailings reservoir to keep the surface of the soil after renovation flat; laying pollution-free soil on the surface of the leveled tailing pond to form a planting soil layer, wherein the thickness of the planting soil layer is far smaller than the renovated soil layer on the surface layer of the renovated tailing pond; selecting plant seedlings which are robust in growth, free of plant diseases and insect pests, developed in root systems and free of mechanical damage, planting the selected plant seedlings on a planting soil layer, uniformly distributing a plurality of plant planting seedlings on the planting soil layer, and irrigating and fertilizing the planted plant seedlings; and (5) periodically carrying out maintenance management on the planted seedlings. The method can realize the quick improvement of the ecological environment of the tailings pond.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing pond restoration, in particular to a method for restoring ecology of a tailing pond.
Background
The tailing pond is a place which is formed by building a dam to intercept a valley opening or enclosing the ground and is used for piling metal or nonmetal mines and discharging tailings or other industrial waste residues after ore sorting. The tailings pond is an artificial debris flow danger source with high potential energy, dam break danger exists, and major accidents are easily caused once the tailings pond is lost.
The tailing wasteland is one of mining wastelands, not only occupies a large amount of land, but also large-area vegetation and landscapes are damaged, so that a large amount of species disappear, the biodiversity is sharply reduced, and the ecological system is degraded. In addition, the tailings contain a large amount of toxic and harmful substances, such as heavy metals, which are easy to pollute surrounding soil and water under the action of water erosion, leaching, runoff and the like, and tailings in the tailings are also easy to be eroded by wind to cause dust pollution. Therefore, ecological restoration of the waste areas of the tailings and control of pollution to the surrounding environment have become one of the hot spots of current research. The ecological restoration of the tailing waste land is critical to plant restoration, but the heavy metal content of the tailing waste land, the deficiency of a large amount of nutrient elements (such as N, P), the extremely poor soil structure and the like limit the plants to settle and grow on the tailing waste land. Therefore, a set of soil matrix improvement-vegetation recovery technical system available for engineering needs to be researched, and reference and guidance are provided for ecological recovery engineering of tailings ponds.
Through manual reclamation and ecological reconstruction, adopt traditional manual reclamation, external soil transformation topsoil, take time and take a lot of work, the cost is very big, and directly plant and hardly survive and plant back administrative cost height again, lead to mining area tail sand dam ecological remediation at present to drop into high, thereby has seriously restricted the process that artifical promotion mining area tail sand dam's ecological remediation engineering.
In summary, we propose a method for ecological restoration of tailings ponds to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for ecologically restoring a tailings pond, which can realize the rapid improvement of the ecological environment of the tailings pond.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the embodiment of the application provides a method for ecological restoration of a tailing pond, which comprises the following steps:
renovating the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tailings reservoir to uniformly break the renovated soil, adding a soil conditioner into the broken soil suddenly, and uniformly mixing the soil conditioner with the renovated soil;
correcting the dam face of the tailings reservoir to keep the surface of the soil after renovation flat;
laying pollution-free soil on the surface of the leveled tailing pond to form a planting soil layer, wherein the thickness of the planting soil layer is far smaller than the renovated soil layer on the surface layer of the renovated tailing pond;
selecting plant seedlings which are robust in growth, free of plant diseases and insect pests, developed in root systems and free of mechanical damage, planting the selected plant seedlings on a planting soil layer, uniformly distributing a plurality of plant planting seedlings on the planting soil layer, and irrigating and fertilizing the planted plant seedlings;
and (5) periodically carrying out maintenance management on the planted seedlings.
In some embodiments of the invention, the selected vegetation seedling can be one or more of an arbor, a shrub or a herbaceous plant, the arbor has a specification of D more than or equal to 0.40cm, H more than or equal to 50cm, and the shrub has a seedling specification of H more than or equal to 15 cm; planting by adopting a method of planting while digging planting holes while scratching the bottom of the nutrition bag and keeping the root balls of the seedlings from dispersing, wherein 1 plant is planted in each hole; digging holes on arbor plants at the row spacing of 1.8m multiplied by 1.8m to 1.8m multiplied by 1.8m, digging holes on shrub plants at the row spacing of 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, planting herbaceous plants at the row spacing of 0.4m multiplied by 0.4m, leveling the hole surfaces, and covering a layer of deficient soil with the thickness of 6 to 9cm on the hole surfaces of arbor plants to facilitate soil moisture preservation.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the modifier is prepared by mixing a metal stabilizer and an organic fertilizer, and the metal stabilizer is prepared by mixing humic acid, CaO, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, peat soil, bentonite and vermiculite.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the renovated soil layer is 20-30 cm and the thickness of the planting soil layer is 5-8 cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slope surface is trimmed at a slope-to-fall ratio of 1: 1-2: 1, so as to prevent the influence of uneven ground surface on the paving effect of the sudden planting layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bottom of the dam face of the tail dam bank is built with a concrete supporting structure, the concrete supporting structure is arranged along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the dam face of the tail dam bank, and the concrete supporting structure is used for blocking a renovated soil layer and a vegetation planting layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, a concrete frame is poured in the soil layer of the renovated dam surface, the concrete frame is rectangular, the number of the concrete frames is multiple, the multiple concrete frames are arranged adjacently, the planting soil layer is laid on the concrete frame, and the planting seedlings are planted on the concrete frame.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of support rods are disposed on the concrete frame, the plurality of support rods are disposed along a circumferential direction of the tail dam bank, and the plurality of support rods are commonly connected to a dust screen, and the dust screen forms a fence of the tail dam bank.
In some embodiments of the invention, the maintenance management refers to professional maintenance such as regular watering (every day), fertilization (20-30 days apart) and pest control (30-40 days apart) of the plants.
In some embodiments of the invention, the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tail dam bank is renovated by a cultivator and leveled by a damming machine.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
a method for ecologically restoring a tailing pond comprises the following steps:
renovating the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tailings reservoir to uniformly break the renovated soil, adding a soil conditioner into the broken soil suddenly, and uniformly mixing the soil conditioner with the renovated soil;
correcting the dam face of the tailings reservoir to keep the surface of the soil after renovation flat;
paving pollution-free soil on the surface of the leveled tailing pond to form a planting soil layer, wherein the thickness of the planting soil layer is far smaller than that of a renovated soil layer on the surface layer of the renovated tailing pond;
selecting plant seedlings which are robust in growth, free of plant diseases and insect pests, developed in root systems and free of mechanical damage, planting the selected plant seedlings on a planting soil layer, uniformly distributing a plurality of plant planting seedlings on the planting soil layer, and irrigating and fertilizing the planted plant seedlings;
and (5) periodically carrying out maintenance management on the planted seedlings.
In the present invention, the soil conditioner is a material mainly used for improving physical, chemical and biological properties of soil to make it more suitable for plant growth, rather than mainly providing plant nutrients. The soil conditioner has the functions of preserving soil moisture and increasing temperature, can effectively improve the soil moisture content, increases the soil temperature of a plough layer, leads the growth period of crops to be earlier by 2-7 d, and increases the soil humidity by about 5 percent. Meanwhile, the soil structure can be improved, the relation among soil water, fertilizer, gas, heat and organisms is coordinated, water and soil loss is prevented, the seepage-proofing capability of channels is enhanced, secondary salinization of soil is inhibited, and development and utilization of sandy wasteland are improved. Is mainly suitable for arid, semiarid and areas with insufficient temperature accumulation in the crop growth period in north China, and soil with poor soil structure, especially for arid land, sloping sandy land and saline-alkali land with serious water shortage. The current internationally used soil structure improving agents are mainly polyacrylamide and gypsum which is a byproduct of sulfur removal of coal-fired power plants. In the prior art, soil improvement cannot be rapidly realized after soil improvement agents are added into the soil of the dam face of the tail dam bank, vegetation seedlings are directly planted on the soil, the production period of the vegetation seedlings is prolonged because the soil is not recovered, the ecological restoration period of a tail dam mine is further prolonged, and the ecological environment around the tail dam mine is seriously influenced. In the invention, a planting soil layer (a pollution-free soil layer, soil suitable for growth of vegetation seedlings) is laid on the surface layer of the dam surface added with the soil conditioner, the vegetation seedlings are planted on the planting soil layer, the vegetation seedlings can grow normally, after a period of growth, roots of the vegetation seedlings extend into the dam surface soil modified by the soil conditioner, and the vegetation seedlings grow normally, so that the dam surface soil does not limit the production of the vegetation seedlings; in the process, the vegetation seedlings normally grow in the planting soil layer in the early stage and grow in the improved dam surface soil in the middle and later stages, so that the growth period of the vegetation seedlings is greatly shortened, and the ecological restoration efficiency of the tail dam bank is improved. The design of the invention can realize the rapid improvement of the ecological environment of the tailings pond.
Detailed Description
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate orientations or positional relationships that are usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, they are merely used to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "suspended" and the like do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" represents at least 2.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Examples
The embodiment provides a method for ecological restoration of a tailings pond, which comprises the following steps:
renovating the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tailings reservoir to uniformly break the renovated soil, adding a soil conditioner into the broken soil suddenly, and uniformly mixing the soil conditioner with the renovated soil;
correcting the dam face of the tailings reservoir to keep the surface of the soil after renovation flat;
laying pollution-free soil on the surface of the leveled tailing pond to form a planting soil layer, wherein the thickness of the planting soil layer is far smaller than the renovated soil layer on the surface layer of the renovated tailing pond;
selecting plant seedlings which are robust in growth, free of plant diseases and insect pests, developed in root systems and free of mechanical damage, planting the selected plant seedlings on a planting soil layer, uniformly distributing a plurality of plant planting seedlings on the planting soil layer, and irrigating and fertilizing the planted plant seedlings;
and (5) periodically carrying out maintenance management on the planted seedlings.
In the present invention, the soil conditioner is a material mainly used for improving physical, chemical and biological properties of soil to make it more suitable for plant growth, rather than mainly providing plant nutrients. The soil conditioner has the functions of preserving soil moisture and increasing temperature, can effectively improve the soil moisture content, increases the soil temperature of a plough layer, leads the growth period of crops to be earlier by 2-7 d, and increases the soil humidity by about 5 percent. Meanwhile, the method can also improve the soil structure, coordinate the relationship among water, fertilizer, gas, heat and organisms of the soil, prevent water and soil loss, enhance the seepage-proofing capacity of the channel, inhibit secondary salinization of the soil and improve the development and utilization of sandy wasteland. Is mainly suitable for arid, semiarid and areas with insufficient temperature accumulation in the crop growth period in north China, and soil with poor soil structure, especially for arid land, sloping sandy land and saline-alkali land with serious water shortage. The current internationally used soil structure improver is mainly polyacrylamide and gypsum which is a sulfur removal byproduct of a coal-fired power plant. In the prior art, soil improvement cannot be rapidly realized after soil improvement agents are added into the soil of the dam face of the tail dam bank, vegetation seedlings are directly planted on the soil, the production period of the vegetation seedlings is prolonged because the soil is not recovered, the ecological restoration period of a tail dam mine is further prolonged, and the ecological environment around the tail dam mine is seriously influenced. In the invention, a planting soil layer (a pollution-free soil layer, soil suitable for growth of vegetation seedlings) is laid on the surface layer of the dam surface added with the soil conditioner, the vegetation seedlings are planted on the planting soil layer, the vegetation seedlings can grow normally, after a period of growth, roots of the vegetation seedlings extend into the dam surface soil modified by the soil conditioner, and the vegetation seedlings grow normally, so that the dam surface soil does not limit the production of the vegetation seedlings; in the process, the vegetation seedlings grow normally in the planting soil layer in the early stage and grow in the improved dam surface soil in the middle and later stages, so that the growth period of the vegetation seedlings is greatly shortened, and the ecological restoration efficiency of the tail dam bank is improved. The design of the invention can realize the rapid improvement of the ecological environment of the tailings pond.
In some embodiments of the invention, the selected vegetation seedling can be one or more of an arbor, a shrub or a herbaceous plant, the arbor has a specification of D more than or equal to 0.40cm, H more than or equal to 50cm, and the shrub has a seedling specification of H more than or equal to 15 cm; planting by adopting a method of planting while digging planting holes while scratching the bottom of the nutrition bag and keeping the root balls of the seedlings from dispersing, wherein 1 plant is planted in each hole; digging holes on arbor plants at the row spacing of 1.8m multiplied by 1.8m to 1.8m multiplied by 1.8m, digging holes on shrub plants at the row spacing of 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, planting herbaceous plants at the row spacing of 0.4m multiplied by 0.4m, leveling the hole surfaces, and covering a layer of deficient soil with the thickness of 6 to 9cm on the hole surfaces of arbor plants to facilitate soil moisture preservation.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the modifier is prepared by mixing a metal stabilizer and an organic fertilizer, and the metal stabilizer is prepared by mixing humic acid, CaO, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, peat soil, bentonite and vermiculite.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the renovated soil layer is 20-30 cm and the thickness of the planting soil layer is 5-8 cm.
In the embodiment, the planting soil layer is 5-8 cm in thickness and is suitable for early growth of vegetation seedlings, and the thickness of the renovated soil layer is 20-30 cm and is suitable for middle and later growth of seedlings.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slope surface is trimmed at a slope-to-fall ratio of 1: 1-2: 1, so as to prevent the influence of uneven ground surface on the paving effect of the sudden planting layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bottom of the dam face of the tail dam bank is built with a concrete supporting structure, the concrete supporting structure is arranged along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the dam face of the tail dam bank, and the concrete supporting structure is used for blocking a renovated soil layer and a vegetation planting layer.
In the above-described embodiment of the present invention,
in some embodiments of the invention, a concrete frame is poured in the soil layer of the renovated dam surface, the concrete frame is rectangular, the number of the concrete frames is multiple, the multiple concrete frames are arranged adjacently, the planting soil layer is laid on the concrete frame, and the planting seedlings are planted on the concrete frame.
In the embodiment, the concrete frame can be used as a walkway, so that people can walk conveniently.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of support rods are disposed on the concrete frame, the plurality of support rods are disposed along a circumferential direction of the tail dam bank, and the plurality of support rods are commonly connected to a dust screen, and the dust screen forms a fence of the tail dam bank.
In the above embodiment, the dust screen is also called a wind-proof dust suppression screen or a wind-proof wall, and is an environmental protection project for controlling the dust pollution in the open-air stock yard. The method is widely applied to bulk material ports, fuel storage yards of thermal power plants, raw material fuel storage yards of iron and steel enterprises, raw material fuel storage yards of chemical enterprises, coal discharging storage yards of coal mines and the like. The dust in the tail dam reservoir can be prevented from flying, and the tail dam reservoir has the advantage of improving the surrounding environment of the tail dam reservoir.
In some embodiments of the invention, the maintenance management refers to professional maintenance such as regular watering (every day), fertilization (20-30 days apart) and pest control (30-40 days apart) of the plants.
In the above embodiments, it should be noted that the time for watering, fertilizing and disease control regularly can be set according to actual conditions, and the above-mentioned watering (every day), fertilizing (at intervals of 20-30 days) and disease and pest control (at intervals of 30-40 days) are only one of the embodiments of the present invention.
In some embodiments of the invention, the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tail dam bank is renovated by a cultivator and leveled by a damming machine.
In the above embodiments, the cultivator is a driven type soil working machine with rotary cutter teeth as working members, which is also called a rotary cultivator. The rotary tillage cutter shaft is divided into a horizontal shaft type and a vertical shaft type according to the configuration mode of the rotary tillage cutter shaft. The transverse shaft type rotary cultivator with the horizontally transverse cutter shaft is more applied. The classification has stronger soil-breaking capacity, can make soil finely broken by one-time operation, has uniform soil and fertilizer mixing and smooth ground, meets the requirements of dry land seeding or paddy field planting, is favorable for striving for farming season, improves the work efficiency, and can fully utilize the power of a tractor. The dam building machine can further realize the leveling of ground, has improved leveling efficiency.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for ecological restoration of a tailings pond, which at least has the following technical effects:
in the present invention, the soil conditioner is a material mainly used for improving physical, chemical and biological properties of soil to make it more suitable for plant growth, rather than mainly providing plant nutrients. The soil conditioner has the functions of preserving soil moisture and increasing temperature, can effectively improve the soil moisture content, increases the soil temperature of a plough layer, leads the growth period of crops to be earlier by 2-7 d, and increases the soil humidity by about 5 percent. Meanwhile, the soil structure can be improved, the relation among soil water, fertilizer, gas, heat and organisms is coordinated, water and soil loss is prevented, the seepage-proofing capability of channels is enhanced, secondary salinization of soil is inhibited, and development and utilization of sandy wasteland are improved. Is mainly suitable for arid areas, semiarid areas and areas with insufficient accumulated temperature in the crop growth period in north China, and soils with poor soil structures, in particular to arid lands, sloping sandy lands and saline-alkali lands with serious water shortage. The current internationally used soil structure improving agents are mainly polyacrylamide and gypsum which is a byproduct of sulfur removal of coal-fired power plants. In the prior art, soil improvement cannot be rapidly realized after soil improvement agents are added into the soil of the dam face of the tail dam bank, vegetation seedlings are directly planted on the soil, the production period of the vegetation seedlings is prolonged because the soil is not recovered, the ecological restoration period of a tail dam mine is further prolonged, and the ecological environment around the tail dam mine is seriously influenced. In the invention, a planting soil layer (a pollution-free soil layer, soil suitable for growth of vegetation seedlings) is laid on the surface layer of the dam surface added with the soil conditioner, the vegetation seedlings are planted on the planting soil layer, the vegetation seedlings can grow normally, after a period of growth, roots of the vegetation seedlings extend into the dam surface soil modified by the soil conditioner, and the vegetation seedlings grow normally, so that the dam surface soil does not limit the production of the vegetation seedlings; in the process, the vegetation seedlings normally grow in the planting soil layer in the early stage and grow in the improved dam surface soil in the middle and later stages, so that the growth period of the vegetation seedlings is greatly shortened, and the ecological restoration efficiency of the tail dam bank is improved. The design of the invention can realize the rapid improvement of the ecological environment of the tailings pond.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for ecologically restoring the tailing pond is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
renovating the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tailings reservoir to uniformly break the renovated soil, adding a soil conditioner into the broken soil suddenly, and uniformly mixing the soil conditioner with the renovated soil;
correcting the dam face of the tailings reservoir to keep the surface of the soil after renovation flat;
laying pollution-free soil on the surface of the leveled tailing pond to form a planting soil layer, wherein the thickness of the planting soil layer is far smaller than the renovated soil layer on the surface layer of the renovated tailing pond;
selecting plant seedlings which are strong in growth, free of plant diseases and insect pests, developed in root systems and free of mechanical damage, planting the selected plant seedlings on a planting soil layer, uniformly distributing a plurality of plant seedlings on the planting soil layer, and irrigating and fertilizing the planted plant seedlings;
and (5) periodically carrying out maintenance management on the planted seedlings.
2. The method for ecologically restoring the tailings pond of claim 1, wherein the selected vegetation seedlings can be one or more of arbor plants, shrubs or herbaceous plants, the arbor plants have the specification D of more than or equal to 0.40cm, the H of more than or equal to 50cm, and the shrubs have the specification H of more than or equal to 15 cm; planting by adopting a method of planting while digging planting holes while scratching the bottom of the nutrition bag and keeping the root balls of the seedlings from dispersing, wherein 1 plant is planted in each hole; digging holes on arbor plants at the row spacing of 1.8m multiplied by 1.8m to 1.8m multiplied by 1.8m, digging holes on shrub plants at the row spacing of 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, planting herbaceous plants at the row spacing of 0.4m multiplied by 0.4m, leveling the hole surfaces, and covering a layer of deficient soil with the thickness of 6 to 9cm on the hole surfaces of arbor plants to facilitate soil moisture preservation.
3. The method for ecologically restoring the tailings pond of claim 1, wherein the modifying agent is prepared by mixing a metal stabilizer and an organic fertilizer, wherein the metal stabilizer is prepared by mixing humic acid, CaO, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, peat soil, bentonite and vermiculite.
4. The method for ecologically restoring the tailings pond of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the renovated soil layer is 20-30 cm, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is 5-8 cm.
5. The method for ecologically restoring the tailings pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slope ratio of the trimmed slope is 1: 1-2: 1, so as to prevent the effect of paving the sudden planting layer from being affected by uneven ground.
6. The method for ecologically restoring the tailing pond, according to claim 1, is characterized in that a concrete supporting structure is built at the bottom of the dam face of the tailing pond, the concrete supporting structure is arranged along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the dam face of the tailing pond, and the concrete supporting structure is used for blocking a renovated soil layer and a vegetation planting layer.
7. The method for ecologically restoring the tailings pond, as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that a plurality of rectangular concrete frames are poured into the soil layer of the renovated dam surface, the concrete frames are arranged adjacently, the planting soil layer is laid on the concrete frames, and the planting seedlings are planted on the concrete frames.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of support rods are arranged on the concrete frame, the plurality of support rods are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tail dam bank, and a dust screen is connected to the plurality of support rods and forms a fence of the tail dam bank.
9. The method for ecologically restoring the tailings pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maintenance management means professional maintenance such as regular watering (daily), fertilization (20-30 days apart) and pest control (30-40 days apart) of the plants.
10. The method for ecologically restoring the tailings pond according to claim 1, wherein the soil on the surface layer of the dam face of the tailings pond is renovated by a cultivator and leveled by a damming machine.
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| CN202210014378.1A CN114679926A (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Method for ecological restoration of tailing pond |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102668744A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏江南园林建筑工程有限公司 | Rotary tiller for improving soil |
| CN102668835A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Revegetation method for tailings dams in northern region |
| CN106879272A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-23 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of method of tailings storehouse ecological recovery |
| CN108951666A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-07 | 中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心 | A kind of with iron milltailings is the slope reinforcement and ecological reestablishment to gather materials |
| US20210141121A1 (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-13 | Jiangxi Academy Of Environmental Sciences | Structure and method for three-dimensional restoration of slope soil in abandoned ion-absorbed rare earth mining area |
-
2022
- 2022-01-06 CN CN202210014378.1A patent/CN114679926A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102668835A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Revegetation method for tailings dams in northern region |
| CN102668744A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏江南园林建筑工程有限公司 | Rotary tiller for improving soil |
| CN106879272A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-23 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of method of tailings storehouse ecological recovery |
| CN108951666A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-07 | 中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心 | A kind of with iron milltailings is the slope reinforcement and ecological reestablishment to gather materials |
| US20210141121A1 (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-13 | Jiangxi Academy Of Environmental Sciences | Structure and method for three-dimensional restoration of slope soil in abandoned ion-absorbed rare earth mining area |
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