CN114672885B - Waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing and silk floss processing method - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing and silk floss processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114672885B CN114672885B CN202210276608.1A CN202210276608A CN114672885B CN 114672885 B CN114672885 B CN 114672885B CN 202210276608 A CN202210276608 A CN 202210276608A CN 114672885 B CN114672885 B CN 114672885B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B7/00—Obtaining silk fibres or filaments
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, which is communicated with a heating system of a curing barn, wherein the heating system is communicated with a boiler air supply system, and silk floss is placed in the curing barn for drying; the waste heat system comprises: an exhaust gas pipeline, the heating system of which is communicated with the baking room; the waste gas recovery device comprises a reservoir and an air inlet pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the reservoir, the water inlet is used for adding cold water, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the waste gas pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipe extends below the liquid level of the reservoir, and liquid in the reservoir is heated by air in the air inlet pipe; and a cotton beating water supply pipe which is communicated with the water outlet of the water storage tank, and the water outlet of the water storage tank discharges hot water. The waste heat recovery system saves the productivity and reduces the production cost. The silk cotton prepared by the method has the advantages of better strength and fluffiness, good luster, no peculiar smell, long service life and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm cocoon processing, in particular to a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing and a silk floss processing method.
Background
The structure of the mulberry silk consists of two parts of silk fibroin and sericin, wherein the molecular structure of the silk fibroin is orderly arranged, and the linear structure is good. The sericin component is positioned on the outer layer of the mulberry silk, takes the spherical protein structure as the main material, has irregular molecular chain arrangement, smaller interaction force and is easy to dissolve and remove under the high-temperature alkaline condition. At present, mulberry silk is used for preparing real silk clothing on one hand and is used for processing silk quilt on the other hand. In the processing of silk quilt, silkworm cocoons are sequentially subjected to cocoon cooking, cocoon stripping and cotton opening processing, and then silk floss raw materials required by the silk quilt can be obtained. In the existing silk floss processing method, various chemical reagents are needed in the processing process, and the processed chemical reagents remain on the silk floss, so that the service life of the silk floss is influenced.
Silk floss needs to be dried in the course of working, and the method that uses at present is usually put the silk floss that needs to carry out the stoving in the baking house, realizes the stoving effect to silk floss through letting in steam in the baking house, when providing steam for silk floss at present, needs to connect the steam supply equipment, and this equipment needs to consume a large amount of energy when providing steam for the baking house. The drying of silk floss is continuous to the vapor that lets in silk floss bakery, and the baking process can not be complete to consume all vapors, and these heat are not fully utilized in the emission process, have extravagant problem.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for processing silk floss, so that the defects that chemical reagents remain on the silk floss after silk floss processing, the service life of the silk floss is shortened and the like are overcome.
The invention further aims to provide a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, which can fully utilize waste heat generated in the silk floss production process, reduce energy consumption and reduce cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for processing silk floss, which uses the above device for processing silk floss to process, comprising the following steps:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, removing impurities from the screened mulberry cocoons, and then cooking cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution;
(2) Soaking the silkworm cocoons in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant;
(3) And (3) putting the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, putting the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid for cotton cooking for a period of time, rinsing and dehydrating, and putting the cotton sheets into a drying room for drying to obtain silk floss.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the pH value of the alkaline solution in the step (1) is 8.5-9, the cocoon cooking time is 30-60min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 90-100 ℃.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the active enzyme in the step (2) is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry cocoons is 0.1-0.3:1;
preferably, in the technical scheme, the mass content of the tea bran in the tea bran solution is 5-15%, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the mulberry cocoons is 10-15:1;
preferably, in the above technical scheme, the surfactant comprises one or two of sodium dodecyl sulfate and fatty glyceride, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.01-0.1:1.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the bath ratio of the mulberry cocoons to the treating agent solution in the step (2) is 1:10-30, the soaking time is 1-5h, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, in the step (3), the cotton sheet is boiled in the soda solution at the constant temperature of 90-95 ℃ for 1-2 hours, the mass ratio of the cotton sheet to the soda is 100-150:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheet to the soda solution is 1:10-20.
The invention provides a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, which is used for processing the silk floss; the waste heat recovery system is communicated with a heating system of the curing barn, the heating system is communicated with a boiler air supply system, and floss silk is placed in the curing barn for drying; the waste heat recovery system includes: an exhaust gas pipeline, the heating system of which is communicated with the baking room; the waste gas recovery device comprises a reservoir and an air inlet pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the reservoir, the water inlet is used for adding cold water, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the waste gas pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipe extends below the liquid level of the reservoir, and liquid in the reservoir is heated by air in the air inlet pipe; and the beating cotton water supply pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the water reservoir, and the water outlet of the water reservoir discharges hot water to provide hot water for a beating cotton workshop.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the air inlet pipe includes a plurality of air inlet pipes, wherein an air outlet of at least one air inlet pipe is disposed near the bottom of the reservoir, and an air outlet of at least one air inlet pipe is located in the middle of the reservoir.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, a control valve is disposed on the air inlet pipe.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, at least one of the air inlet pipes is communicated with a heating coil, and the heating coil is disposed close to an inner wall of the reservoir.
The utility model provides a silk floss processing's equipment uses foretell silk floss processing's waste heat recovery system, equipment includes and beats cotton machine, beat cotton machine with waste heat recovery system's hot water discharge port intercommunication, beat cotton machine and throw alkali device and be connected, throw alkali device and include: the tank body is used for mixing alkali liquor and is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a stirring shaft is arranged in the tank body; and one end of the conveying pipe is connected with the discharge hole of the tank body, the other end of the conveying pipe extends to the cotton beating cavity of the cotton beating machine and is used for conveying alkali liquor, and the conveying pipe is provided with a gauge and a control valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The silk floss processing method of the invention firstly carries out cocoon cooking to make the cocoons moist, then uses the treating agent to soak the cocoons of mulberry, carries out degumming treatment on the cocoons, adopts proper treating agent solution to carry out degumming, and can efficiently degumn, degreasing and impurity removal. The silk cotton prepared by the method has the advantages of better strength and fluffiness, good luster, no peculiar smell, no chemical agent residue, long service life and the like.
(2) According to the waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, the boiler supplies air to the baking room to dry the silk floss in the baking room, steam is continuously introduced into the silk floss baking room, all the steam cannot be completely exhausted in the baking process, the heating system of the baking room discharges residual steam, the steam enters the reservoir through the waste gas pipeline to heat cold water in the reservoir, and heated hot water is conveyed into the temperature control barrel of the cotton beating workshop for operation of cotton beating machines. The waste heat recovery system can fully generate steam by the boiler, saves the productivity and reduces the production cost.
(3) According to the equipment for processing silk floss, the automatic alkali feeding device is arranged on the cotton beating machine, the alkali feeding device is communicated with the cotton beating machine through the conveying pipe, alkali liquor is conveyed to the cotton beating machine, the alkali liquor concentration is adjusted in the tank body of the alkali feeding device according to the production process requirement, when the equipment is required, the control valve is directly opened, and the feeding amount of caustic soda flakes can be accurately controlled by monitoring the feeding amount through the metering device. Improves the cotton making efficiency, protects the fiber of silk floss and has more uniform quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a silk floss processing apparatus according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing according to an embodiment of the present invention is communicated with a heating system of a curing barn, the heating system is communicated with a gas supply system of a boiler, and the silk floss is dried in the curing barn after being processed. The boiler air supply is the combustion matter which can produce hot gas by using the boiler to burn wood, particles, coal or coal gas and the like. The hot air generated by the boiler is conveyed into a heating system of a silk floss baking room through a pipeline, and the heating system is changed into a conventional baking room heating system. The moisture content of silk floss is reduced by heat, and the silk floss is dried. During silk floss baking, the continuous supply of hot air is needed, and the continuous supply of air can ensure the high temperature of a baking room. And the whole baking process can not completely exhaust all the steam, and the residual steam is discharged into a waste heat recovery system for waste heat recovery.
The waste heat recovery system comprises an exhaust gas pipeline 1, an exhaust gas recovery device 2 and a cotton beating water supply pipe 3. The waste gas pipeline 1 is communicated with a heating system of the curing barn, the heating system discharges residual steam, and the steam enters the waste gas recovery device 2 through the waste gas pipeline 1. The waste gas recovery device 2 comprises a reservoir 21 and an air inlet pipe 22, the reservoir 21 is used for containing water, a water inlet and a water outlet 212 are arranged, a water inlet pipe 211 is arranged at the water inlet, and cold water enters the reservoir 21 from the water inlet pipe 211. One end of the air intake pipe 22 is communicated with the exhaust gas pipe 1, and the other end extends below the liquid surface of the reservoir 21, and the vapor conveyed through the air intake pipe 22 heats the water in the reservoir. After heating to boiling, the boiling water is discharged through the water outlet 212 and enters the cotton-beating water supply pipe 3. Preferably, the water outlet 212 is located at the bottom of the water reservoir 21 to drain the boiling water in the water reservoir 21 as much as possible. The cotton beating water supply pipe 3 is connected with a temperature control barrel 5 in a cotton beating workshop, and is used for the operation of cotton beating machines in the cotton beating workshop.
The working flow of the waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing is as follows:
(1) And (3) boiler air supply: the amount of wood required to produce 10 tons of hot gas is about 2 tons, which is about equivalent to 1 ton of particulate matter, using a boiler to burn wood or particulate matter.
(2) Baking silk floss: the hot air generated by the boiler is conveyed into a silk floss baking room through a pipeline, and an S-shaped surrounding pipeline is distributed at the bottom of the silk floss baking room so as to fully release heat generated by the hot air passing through and provide the heat to the silk floss baking room for baking silk floss. The silk floss is continuously baked for 6 hours at a high temperature of 80 ℃, and the water content of the silk floss can be reduced to 8 percent. During this period 8 tons of steam are consumed, the remaining 2 tons of steam.
(3) Removing residual steam: since the gas is continuously supplied during the baking of silk floss, and the baking process cannot fully utilize all the vapor, 2 tons of vapor are discharged. Meanwhile, continuous air supply can also ensure the high temperature of the bakery.
(4) Vapor recovery: the vapor was discharged through a pipe into a water storage tank having a diameter of 1.5 m and a height of 1.7 m. The water storage bucket is made of aluminum alloy, is provided with a tap, and stores about 1.8-1.9 tons of cold water before each start.
(5) Vapor treatment: while baking silk floss for 6 hours, the high-temperature steam is cold water in the water storage barrel and is continuously heated for 6 hours, and the water temperature in the barrel can be raised to about 100 ℃.
(6) And (3) resource utilization: after the water is heated to about 100 ℃,2 tons of boiling water is conveyed into a temperature control barrel in a cotton beating workshop through a pipeline with the diameter of 100mm at the bottom of the water storage barrel for the operation of a cotton beating machine.
Preferably, the air intake pipe 22 includes a plurality of air intake pipes, and this embodiment is provided with 3 air intake pipes, namely, air intake pipes 221, 222 and 223, each of which is provided with a control valve 23, and the air intake pipe 221 and the air intake pipe 222 are located in the middle of the reservoir. Wherein the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 221 is arranged near the bottom of the reservoir 21, and the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 222 is positioned in the middle section of the reservoir 21. The air outlets with different heights are arranged on the different heights of the water storage tank 21, so that water in the water storage tank 21 can be heated, and the water body is heated uniformly. When the water level in the reservoir is low, the water can be heated by only one air inlet pipe under the control of the control valve 23.
Preferably, the air inlet pipe 223 communicates with the heating coil 24, and the heating coil 24 is disposed adjacent to the inner wall of the water reservoir 21. The heating coil 24 spirals from top to bottom and the air outlet is located near the bottom of the reservoir 21. The water body at the edge of the reservoir 21 is heated by the heating coil 24, so that the water in the reservoir 21 is heated uniformly.
The equipment for processing silk floss uses the waste heat recovery system, the equipment comprises a floss beating machine, the used floss beating machine is a conventional floss beating machine for processing silk floss, and the conventional floss beating machine comprises a floss beating cavity for accommodating alkaline solution and soaking mulberry cocoons. When silkworm cocoons are processed, the concentration of alkaline solution in the cotton beating machine needs to be monitored, and caustic soda flakes are added according to the process requirements in the running and processing process of equipment to adjust the concentration of the alkaline solution in the cotton beating machine. The cotton beating machine is connected with an alkali throwing device, the alkali throwing device 4 comprises a tank body 41 and a conveying pipe 42, the tank body 41 is used for mixing alkali liquor, a feed inlet 411 and a discharge outlet 412 are arranged, and a stirring shaft 413 is arranged in the tank body 41. The caustic soda flakes and water are measured and put into the tank 41 through the feed inlet 411, and stirred by the stirring shaft 413 to be prepared into proper alkali liquor concentration for standby. The discharge port 412 of the tank 41 is provided with a conveying pipe 42, and the other end of the conveying pipe 42 extends to a cotton beating cavity of the cotton beating machine to convey alkali liquor for the cotton beating machine. The delivery pipe 42 is provided with a meter 421 for metering the addition amount of the alkali liquor and a control valve 422 for controlling the discharge of the alkali liquor.
An automatic alkali throwing device is arranged on the cotton beating machine, the alkali throwing device is communicated with the cotton beating machine through a conveying pipe, alkali liquid is conveyed to the cotton beating machine, the alkali liquid concentration is adjusted in a tank body of the alkali throwing device according to the production process requirement, a control valve is directly opened when required, the input quantity is monitored through a meter, and the input quantity of caustic soda flakes can be accurately controlled. Improves the cotton making efficiency, protects the fiber of silk floss and has more uniform quality.
Example 1
A method for processing silk floss, which uses the equipment for processing silk floss, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, cocoon cooking is carried out after impurity removal of the selected silkworm cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution, the pH value of the alkaline solution for cocoon cooking is 8.8, the cocoon cooking time is 40min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) Soaking the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in the treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:20, the soaking time is 3 hours, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
The treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.2:1;
the mass content of the tea bran in the tea bran solution is 10%, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the mulberry cocoons is 13:1;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.05:1.
(3) Placing the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid for cotton cooking for a period of time, wherein the cotton cooking is to cook the cotton sheets in soda solution for 1.5 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda solution is 1:15. And then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain silk floss.
Example 2
A method for processing silk floss, which uses the equipment for processing silk floss, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, cocoon cooking is carried out after impurity removal of the selected silkworm cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution, the pH value of the alkaline solution for cocoon cooking is 8.5, the cocoon cooking time is 60min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 90 ℃;
(2) And (3) soaking the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in the treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:10, the soaking time is 5h, and the soaking temperature is 45 ℃.
The treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.1:1;
the mass content of the tea bran in the tea bran solution is 5%, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the mulberry cocoons is 15:1;
the surfactant comprises fatty glyceride, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.01:1.
(3) Placing the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid, and cooking for a period of time, wherein the cotton cooking is to cook the cotton sheets in soda solution at a constant temperature of 95 ℃ for 1h, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda is 100:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda solution is 1:10. And then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain silk floss.
Example 3
A method for processing silk floss, which uses the equipment for processing silk floss, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, cocoon cooking is carried out after impurity removal of the selected silkworm cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution, the pH value of the alkaline solution for cocoon cooking is 9, the cocoon cooking time is 30min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 100 ℃;
(2) And (3) soaking the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in the treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:30, the soaking time is 1h, and the soaking temperature is 50 ℃.
The treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.3:1;
the mass content of the tea bran in the tea bran solution is 15%, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the mulberry cocoons is 10:1;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.1:1.
(3) Placing the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid, and cooking for a period of time, wherein the cotton cooking is to place the cotton sheets into soda solution, and cook the cotton sheets for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda is 150:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda solution is 1:20. And then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain silk floss.
Comparative example 1
A method for processing silk floss, which uses the equipment for processing silk floss, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, cocoon cooking is carried out after impurity removal of the selected silkworm cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution, the pH value of the alkaline solution for cocoon cooking is 8.8, the cocoon cooking time is 40min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) Placing the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid for cotton cooking for a period of time, wherein the cotton cooking is to cook the cotton sheets in soda solution for 1.5 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda solution is 1:15. And then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain silk floss.
Comparative example 2
A method for processing silk floss, which uses the equipment for processing silk floss, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, cocoon cooking is carried out after impurity removal of the selected silkworm cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution, the pH value of the alkaline solution for cocoon cooking is 8.8, the cocoon cooking time is 40min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) Soaking the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in the treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:20, the soaking time is 3 hours, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
The treatment agent comprises active enzyme and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.2:1;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.05:1.
(3) Placing the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid for cotton cooking for a period of time, wherein the cotton cooking is to cook the cotton sheets in soda solution for 1.5 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda solution is 1:15. And then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain silk floss.
Comparative example 3
A method for processing silk floss, which uses the equipment for processing silk floss, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, cocoon cooking is carried out after impurity removal of the selected silkworm cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution, the pH value of the alkaline solution for cocoon cooking is 8.8, the cocoon cooking time is 40min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) Soaking the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in the treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:20, the soaking time is 3 hours, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
The treatment agent comprises a surfactant;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.05:1.
(3) Placing the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid for cotton cooking for a period of time, wherein the cotton cooking is to cook the cotton sheets in soda solution for 1.5 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the soda solution is 1:15. And then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain silk floss.
The silk floss sheets obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were examined
1. The residual gum content and the oil content of silk floss are measured by referring to FZ/T40004, FZ/T40006-2018, silk oil content test method.
2. And (5) measuring the heat preservation performance of the mulberry silk quilt by adopting a flat plate method.
3. Whiteness measurement, according to GB/T17544-2008 'method for testing whiteness and chromaticity of textile fiber', the whiteness of silk treated by different degumming methods is measured on a whiteness meter, each sample is measured for 5 times, and an average value is obtained.
4. And (3) measuring stretchability, and testing the elongation at break and breaking strength of 20 silks before and after degumming on a strong stretcher.
5. Silk floss prepared by the methods of the examples and the comparative examples is stretched to prepare a mulberry silk quilt, the quality requirements of silk floss filling materials in GB/T24252-2019 silk quilt are compared and evaluated, and the compression rate and the elastic recovery rate of the silk quilt before and after use are tested according to the method of annex D.
GB/T24252-2019 specifies the compression resilience index of silk quilt filler: (1) The grade of the superior product has the compression ratio of more than or equal to 45 percent and the recovery ratio of more than or equal to 92 percent; (2) The first grade product has a compression rate of 40% or more and a recovery rate of 87% or more. The results of the above detection are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 detection of properties of silk floss prepared by different methods
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method of processing silk floss, comprising the steps of:
(1) Cocoon cooking, namely, removing impurities from the screened mulberry cocoons, and then cooking cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is carried out in an alkaline solution;
(2) Soaking the silkworm cocoons in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant;
(3) Placing the silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) into a cotton beating machine for cotton beating, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets into cotton cooking liquid for cotton cooking for a period of time, rinsing and dehydrating, and placing the cotton sheets into a drying room for drying to obtain silk floss;
the active enzyme in the step (2) is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry cocoons is 0.1-0.3:1;
the mass content of the tea bran in the tea bran solution is 5-15%, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the mulberry cocoons is 10-15:1;
the surfactant comprises one or two of sodium dodecyl sulfate and fatty acid glyceride, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry cocoons is 0.01-0.1:1; in the step (3), the cotton is boiled in soda solution at a constant temperature of 90-95 ℃ for 1-2h, the mass ratio of the cotton to the soda is 100-150:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton to the soda solution is 1:10-20;
the pH value of the alkaline solution in the step (1) is 8.5-9, the cocoon cooking time is 30-60min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 90-100 ℃;
in the step (2), the bath ratio of the mulberry cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:10-30, the soaking time is 1-5h, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
2. A waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, characterized by being used for processing the silk floss of claim 1; the waste heat recovery system is communicated with a heating system of the curing barn, the heating system is communicated with a boiler air supply system, and floss silk is placed in the curing barn for drying; the waste heat recovery system includes:
an exhaust gas pipeline, the heating system of which is communicated with the baking room;
the waste gas recovery device comprises a reservoir and an air inlet pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the reservoir, the water inlet is used for adding cold water, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the waste gas pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipe extends below the liquid level of the reservoir, and liquid in the reservoir is heated by air in the air inlet pipe; and
and the cotton beating water supply pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the water reservoir, and the water outlet of the water reservoir discharges hot water to provide hot water for a cotton beating workshop.
3. The waste heat recovery system of silk floss processing according to claim 2, wherein the air inlet pipe comprises a plurality of air inlet pipes, wherein the gas outlet of at least one air inlet pipe is close to the bottom of the cistern, and the gas outlet of at least one air inlet pipe is located the middle part of cistern.
4. A waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing according to claim 3, wherein the air inlet pipe is provided with a control valve.
5. The waste heat recovery system of floss processing according to claim 2, wherein at least one of said air inlet pipes is in communication with a heating coil, said heating coil being disposed adjacent an inner wall of said reservoir.
6. An apparatus for processing silk floss, characterized in that a waste heat recovery system for processing silk floss according to any one of claims 2-5 is used, the apparatus comprises a cotton beating machine, the cotton beating machine is communicated with a hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery system, the cotton beating machine is connected with an alkali adding device, and the alkali adding device comprises:
the tank body is used for mixing alkali liquor and is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a stirring shaft is arranged in the tank body; and
and one end of the conveying pipe is connected with the discharge hole of the tank body, the other end of the conveying pipe extends to the cotton beating cavity of the cotton beating machine and is used for conveying alkali liquor, and the conveying pipe is provided with a gauge and a control valve.
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