CN114667656B - Hybrid circuit breaker, hybrid circuit breaking system and circuit breaking method - Google Patents
Hybrid circuit breaker, hybrid circuit breaking system and circuit breaking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114667656B CN114667656B CN201980102004.1A CN201980102004A CN114667656B CN 114667656 B CN114667656 B CN 114667656B CN 201980102004 A CN201980102004 A CN 201980102004A CN 114667656 B CN114667656 B CN 114667656B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000003663 ventricular fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
Abstract
A hybrid circuit breaker (200), hybrid circuit breaking system and circuit breaking method,wherein the hybrid circuit breaker (200) comprises: a power supply having two output terminals (In 1 、In 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Semiconductor circuit breaker (MSS) 2 ) One end of which is connected to an output terminal (In 1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the An energy absorber (AC 2 ) Which is connected in parallel to a semiconductor circuit breaker (MSS) 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A first mechanical contact (MC 21 ) Which is connected to a semiconductor circuit breaker (MSS) 2 ) Is arranged at the other end of the tube; a first leakage discharge circuit (FLCC) 21 ) One end of which is connected to a semiconductor circuit breaker (MSS) 2 ) And a first Mechanical Contact (MC) 21 ) And, a first leakage discharging circuit (FLCC 21 ) Is connected in series with the protection line (PE). When the ground fault occurs, the hybrid circuit breaker can discharge leakage current which possibly flows through a human body in advance, so that the danger of electric shock of the human body is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a hybrid circuit breaker, a hybrid circuit breaking system and a circuit breaking method.
Background
Solid state circuit breakers (SSCB, solid state circuit breakers) are widely used due to the rapid protection requirements of dc power grids. However, in the ground fault, after the semiconductor breaker MSS is opened, the capacitor existing in the solid state breaker leaks high frequency current to the ground. When such ground faults are caused by human electrical shock, leakage currents increase the potential risk of ventricular fibrillation (ventricular fibrillation) in humans. The capacitance present in a solid state circuit breaker includes the parasitic capacitance of the switch and the capacitance of the damping circuit.
Wherein, under the condition of human body electric shock, common mode voltage between the line and the ground generates high-frequency leakage current flowing through the human body. Among them, the frequency of leakage current is high and varies greatly, and high frequency current flows through the capacitor even after the semiconductor breaker MSS is opened. And, it is difficult to control the cost in such a manner that the leakage current is alleviated by reducing the parasitic capacitance in the semiconductor breaker MSS, especially in case of high current.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structure of a hybrid circuit breaker, and as shown in fig. 1, the hybrid circuit breaker 100 includes a semiconductor circuit breaker MSS 1 And MSS connected in parallel with the semiconductor circuit breaker 1 Is of the absorption circuit AC of (a) 1 MSS connected in series with the semiconductor circuit breaker 1 Mechanical contact MC of (2) 1 . Fig. 2 is a circuit connection diagram of a semiconductor breaker of the hybrid breaker and its snubber circuit, due to the semiconductor breaker MSS 1 Is connected to both the DC + and DC-paths so that it has the same structure on both the DC + and DC-paths, respectively, i.e. comprises two IGBT gate-level circuit structures, respectively. Specifically, on dc+, the semiconductor breaker MSS 1 Comprising a first IGBT gate SS connected in series 1 And a second IGBT gate stage circuit SS 2 Connected in series with capacitor C 1 And resistance R 1 Parallel to the first IGBT gate stage circuit SS 1 And a second IGBT gate stage circuit SS 2 To act as an absorption circuit. Similarly, on DC-upper semiconductor breaker MSS 1 Includes a third IGBT gate stage SS connected in series 3 And a fourth IGBT gate stage circuit SS 4 Connected in series with capacitor C 2 And resistance R 2 Parallel to the third IGBT gate stage circuit SS 3 And a fourth IGBT gate stage circuit SS 4 To act as an absorption circuit.
However, the first IGBT gate SS 1 With parasitic capacitance CP 1 Second IGBT gate stage circuit SS 2 With parasitic capacitance CP 2 Third IGBT gate stage circuit SS 3 With parasitic capacitance CP 3 Fourth IGBT gate stage circuit SS 4 With parasitic capacitance CP 4 The existence of parasitic capacitance causes the hybrid circuit breaker in the prior art to be unable to turn off only by virtue of the power electronic switch, and when the ground fault occurs, leakage current exists in the system along the path shown by the broken line in fig. 2Radial flow, which causes the switch to fail to turn off completely. Wherein the high-frequency leakage current flows through the capacitor C 1 And C 2 Parasitic capacitance CP 1 、CP 2 、CP 3 And CP 4 。
Since the ground fault current is the sum of leakage currents flowing through the snubber circuit and the parasitic capacitance, the leakage currents flowing through both the snubber circuit and the parasitic capacitance need to be considered. The prior art also provides solutions to this problem, for example with TVS and MOV absorption circuits, however the leakage current problem through parasitic capacitance is not solved. The prior art also solves this problem by directing the leakage current to ground before it flows to the human body, however, the elements that shunt the leakage current flow through these elements every second, which continuously affects the usual operating conditions of the whole power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid circuit breaker, comprising: a power supply having two outputs; a semiconductor circuit breaker having one end connected to an output terminal of the power supply; an energy absorber connected in parallel with the semiconductor circuit breaker; a first mechanical contact connected to the other end of the semiconductor circuit breaker; and one end of the first electric leakage discharging circuit is connected between the semiconductor circuit breaker and the first mechanical contact, and the first electric leakage discharging circuit is connected in series on a protection wire.
Further, a first mechanical switch is also connected between the first leakage discharging circuit and the protection wire.
Further, a second mechanical switch is also connected between the second leakage discharging circuit and the protection wire.
Further, the hybrid circuit breaker further includes: and one end of the second electric leakage discharging circuit is connected between the power supply and the semiconductor circuit breaker, and the second electric leakage discharging circuit is connected in series on the protection wire.
Further, the second leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit, the parallel circuit comprises two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprises two IGBT gate stages connected in series, the IGBT gate stages comprise an npn triode and a diode, a resistor is further connected between a connection point between the two IGBT gate stages connected in series in one parallel branch and a connection point between the two IGBT gate stages of the other parallel circuit, and the triode of each IGBT gate stage is further connected in parallel with a buffer circuit.
Further, the second leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit, the parallel circuit comprises two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprises two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series in one parallel branch and a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits of the other parallel circuit, and each MOSFET switch circuit is further connected in parallel with a buffer circuit.
Further, the hybrid circuit breaker further includes: and a second mechanical contact connected in series between the power supply and the semiconductor circuit breaker, wherein one end of the second electric leakage discharging circuit is connected between the semiconductor circuit breaker and the second mechanical contact.
Further, the first leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit, the parallel circuit comprises two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprises two IGBT gate circuits connected in series, the IGBT gate circuits comprise a triode and a diode, a resistor is further connected between a connection point between the two IGBT gate circuits connected in series in one parallel branch and a connection point between the two IGBT gate circuits in the other parallel circuit, and the triode of each IGBT gate circuit is further connected in parallel with a buffer circuit.
Further, the first leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit, the parallel circuit comprises two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprises two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series in one parallel branch and a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits of the other parallel circuit, and each MOSFET switch circuit is further connected in parallel with a buffer circuit.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid circuit breaking method, wherein the hybrid circuit breaking method is performed in the hybrid circuit breaker provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and the hybrid circuit breaking method includes the steps of: when a ground fault occurs at a load end, opening the first leakage discharge circuit; and when the ground fault occurs at the power supply end, opening the second leakage discharging circuit.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid circuit breaker system, wherein the circuit breaker system includes the hybrid circuit breaker of the first aspect of the present invention, the hybrid circuit breaker system including: a processor; and a memory coupled with the processor, the memory having instructions stored therein that, when executed by the processor, cause the electronic device to perform actions comprising: when a ground fault occurs at a load end, opening the first leakage discharge circuit; and when the ground fault occurs at the power supply end, opening the second leakage discharging circuit.
When the ground fault occurs, the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention can discharge leakage current which possibly flows through a human body in advance, so that the danger of electric shock of the human body is avoided. In addition, the leakage discharging circuit in the hybrid circuit breaker is flexibly configured, can be integrated into the hybrid circuit breaker, and can be designed as a separate accessory element. The control logic of the leakage discharge circuit is very simple, the control signal is enough to control the leakage discharge circuit, the existing detection current is enough for the controller to determine the control logic of the leakage discharge circuit, and no extra signal is needed. The leakage discharge circuit uses an IGBT gate circuit or a MOFET, and therefore is inexpensive.
In addition, when the leakage discharge circuit is turned on, a current loop that dominates the leakage current is established. In a normal condition, when the leakage discharge circuit is turned off, the impedance of the current is high, and therefore, almost no current flows through the leakage discharge circuit. When the leakage discharging circuit is closed, the switch and the diode in the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention enable the capacitance of each connection of the leakage discharging circuit to be controlled through the diode, so that the silicon MOSFET/IGBT can be utilized. The resistance of the drain discharge circuit limits the current that can flow through the drain discharge circuit, which can contact the current demand of each element.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid circuit breaker;
fig. 2 is a circuit connection diagram of a semiconductor circuit breaker of the hybrid circuit breaker and its snubber circuit;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit connection diagram of a power system;
fig. 5 is a circuit schematic of a leakage discharge circuit of a hybrid circuit breaker according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
According to the invention, the leakage current is discharged in advance when the ground fault occurs by arranging the leakage discharging circuit. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention, which has different structures according to different application scenarios.
Fig. 4 is a circuit connection diagram of a power system, in particular a dc power system. Wherein, AC power supply S 1 Two power supply branches B connected in parallel 1 And B 2 Power supply branch B 1 And B 2 Each having an alternating current-to-direct current converter (AC/DC converter). Specific power supply branch B 1 And B 2 And are respectively connected in series with a protection device PD 1 And PD 2 Wherein the protection device PD 1 And PD 2 The lower part is also provided with a first parallel branch, a second parallel branch, a third parallel branch and a fourth parallel branch. Wherein the first parallel branch has a protection device PD 11 The second parallel path has a protection device PD 12 The third parallel branch has a protection device PD 21 The fourth parallel path has a protection device PD 22 . The DC power system also comprises a battery source B 3 And a photovoltaic power supply B 4 Wherein battery source B 3 And photovoltaic power supply B 4 And are also respectively connected in series with a protection device PD 3 And PD 4 . In the protection device PD 3 And PD 4 There are also a fifth parallel branch, a sixth parallel branch and a seventh parallel branch below. Wherein the fifth parallel branch is connected in series with a protection device PD 31 The sixth parallel branch is connected in series with a protection device PD 32 The seventh parallel branch is connected in series with a protection device PD 41 . The hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention can be applied to a protection device PD 1 、PD 2 、PD 3 、PD 4 、PD 11 、PD 12 、PD 21 、PD 22 、PD 31 、PD 32 、PD 41 Any one of them. It should be noted that the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention can be applied to a direct current power system and an alternating current power system.
As shown in fig. 3 (a), the hybrid breaker 200 provided by the present invention includes a power source (not shown), a semiconductor breaker MSS 2 An energy absorber AC 2 A first mechanical contact MC 21 And a first leakage discharge circuit FLCC 21 . Specifically, the power supply has two output terminals, respectively a first output terminal In 1 And a second output terminal In 2 A first output terminal In 1 Serving as a first input terminal, a second output terminal In of the hybrid circuit breaker 200 2 Serving as a second input of the hybrid circuit breaker 200. Wherein, the semiconductor breaker MSS 2 Is connected to the first output terminal In of the power supply 1 Energy absorber AC 2 MSS connected in parallel with the semiconductor circuit breaker 2 First mechanical contact MC 21 Another end MSS connected to the semiconductor circuit breaker 2 And a load (not shown)Between, the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC 21 Is connected to the semiconductor breaker MSS at one end thereof 2 And the first mechanical contact MC 21 And the first leakage discharge circuit is connected in series to a protection line PE between the power supply and the load. Wherein the load is connected to a first output Out of the hybrid circuit breaker 200 1 And a second output terminal Out 2 . Therefore, when a ground fault occurs, a leakage current will exist in the circuit through the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC provided by the invention 21 Let out, thus if a person is in the first mechanical contact MC of the hybrid circuit breaker 200 21 The back end is connected with the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC due to leakage current 21 And the water is discharged in advance without electric shock hazard.
As shown in fig. 3 (b), the hybrid circuit breaker 300 further includes a second leakage discharge circuit FLCC 22 One end of which is connected to a power source and the semiconductor breaker MSS 2 And, the second leakage discharging circuit FLCC 22 Is connected in series to a protection line PE between the power supply and the load. In this embodiment, the hybrid circuit breaker 300 includes two leakage discharge circuits, in which there is a first leakage discharge circuit FLCC through which leakage current can pass 21 And a second leakage discharge circuit FLCC 22 And is discharged, so that the human body is in the second mechanical contact MC of the hybrid circuit breaker 200 22 And a first mechanical contact MC 21 The rear end is not shocked.
As shown in fig. 3 (c), the hybrid circuit breaker 400 further includes a second mechanical contact MC 22 Wherein the second mechanical contact MC 22 MSS connected in series with the power supply and the semiconductor breaker 2 Between, the second leakage discharging circuit FLCC 22 Is connected to the semiconductor breaker MSS at one end thereof 2 And the second mechanical contact MC 22 Between them. This is the case in which one mechanical contact is not sufficiently switched off, so that a second mechanical contact aid is additionally added.
Therefore, different structures are selected according to different hybrid breaker application scenarios. When the power supply is at both ends, for example comprising a motor load, the electric f-machine load is used to conversely inject energy into the fault point of the bus bar, in which case the motor also acts as a source, so that the hybrid circuit breaker shown in fig. 3 (b) is selected in case the turn-off capability of one mechanical contact is sufficient, and the hybrid circuit breaker shown in fig. 3 (c) is selected in case the turn-off capability of one mechanical contact is insufficient. When the power supply is at one end, a hybrid circuit breaker as shown in fig. 3 (a) is selected.
Further, the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC 21 A first mechanical switch S is also connected between the protective wire PE and the protective wire PE 21 The second leakage discharging circuit FLCC 22 A second mechanical switch S is also connected between the protective wire PE and the protective wire PE 22 . Wherein the first mechanical switch S 21 And a second mechanical switch S 22 For isolating the protection line PE. In normal operating conditions, the first mechanical contact MC in the hybrid circuit breaker 400 21 Second mechanical contact MC 22 And semiconductor breaker MSS 2 Is closed, the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC 21 And a first mechanical switch S thereof 21 And a second leakage discharging circuit FLCC 22 And a second mechanical switch S thereof 22 Is disconnected.
As shown in fig. 3 (c), it is assumed that in the present embodiment, the ground fault F occurs at the first output terminal Out 1 And ground G. The turn-off sequence of the components in the hybrid circuit breaker 400 should be to first turn off the semiconductor circuit breaker MSS 2 And closing the first mechanical switch S 21 Then closing the first leakage discharge circuit FLCC 21 Then the first mechanical contact MC is opened 21 Then the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC is disconnected 21 Finally, the second mechanical contact MC is opened 22 . In this process, when the first electric leakage discharging circuit FLCC 21 After the disconnection, it assumes a majority of the voltage drop even at the first mechanical switch S 21 When closed. Thus, the first mechanical switch S 21 And a first mechanical switch S 22 Is relieved. When the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC 21 After closing, the current through the branch passes through the first leakage discharge circuit FLCC 21 Bleed off, thus the first mechanical switch S 21 And a first mechanical switch S 22 Is not required to be too large. Thus, when a ground fault occurs, the leakage current passes through the first leakage discharge circuit FLCC before possibly flowing through the human body 21 And discharging in advance. When the power system works normally, the leakage discharging circuit provided by the invention only has very little current flowing to the ground through the leakage discharging circuit.
As shown in fig. 3 (b), when a short-circuit fault occurs, first a semiconductor breaker MSS 2 Break and then first mechanical contact MC 21 And a second mechanical contact MC 22 The circuit is disconnected, so in this case all the leakage discharge circuits are disconnected in this case. When a ground fault F1 occurs at the output (i.e., load side), the semiconductor breaker MSS first 2 The second leakage discharging circuit FLCC is disconnected 22 Closing and then the second mechanical contact MC 22 Cut-off, followed by a second leakage discharge circuit FLCC 22 And (5) disconnecting. When a ground fault F2 occurs at the input (i.e., power supply side), the semiconductor breaker MSS first 2 Open, first leakage discharge FLCC 21 Closed, then the first mechanical contact MC 21 Open, then the first leakage discharge circuit FLCC 22 And (5) disconnecting.
Fig. 5 is a circuit schematic of a leakage discharge circuit of a hybrid circuit breaker according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC 21 Two circuit arrangements 20 as shown in fig. 5 are included, and thus it is necessary to connect from DC + and DC-respectively to the protection line PE. Wherein the circuit configuration 20 is a parallel circuit comprising two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprising two series connected IGBT gate stages. The IGBT gate stage circuit comprises a triode. And a resistor R is further connected between a connection point between two IGBT gate level circuits connected in series with one parallel branch circuit and a connection point between two IGBT gate level circuits of the other parallel circuit, and a buffer circuit is further connected in parallel with the triode of each IGBT gate level circuit.
Specifically, the first parallel branch comprises a first IGBT gate S connected in series 1 And a second IGBT gate S 2 The second parallel branch comprises a third IGBT gate stage circuit S connected in series 3 And a fourth IGBT gate S 4 . First IGBT gate stage circuit S 1 Comprising a first npn transistor T 1 And a first diode D 1 Second IGBT gate stage circuit S 2 Comprising a second npn transistor T 1 And a second diode D 2 Wherein the first diode D 1 Is connected to the first npn triode T 1 The first diode D 1 Is connected to the second npn triode T 1 The second diode D 2 Is connected to the negative electrode of the second npn transistor T 1 Is provided. Third IGBT gate stage circuit S 3 Comprising a third npn transistor T 3 And a third diode D 3 Fourth IGBT gate stage circuit S 4 Comprising a fourth npn transistor T 4 And a fourth diode D 4 Wherein the third diode D 3 Is connected to the third npn triode T 3 The collector of the third diode D 3 Is connected to the fourth npn triode T 4 The collector of the fourth diode D 4 Is connected to the fourth npn triode T 4 Is provided. The diode acts as a reverse blocking function. And, a first resistor RS connected in series 1 And a first capacitor CS 1 In parallel with the first npn triode T 1 Serving as a first IGBT gate S 1 A second resistor RS connected in series 2 And a second capacitance CS 2 In parallel with the second npn triode T 2 Serving as a second IGBT gate S 2 A third resistor RS connected in series 3 And a third capacitor CS 3 In parallel with the third npn triode T 3 Serving as a third IGBT gate S 3 A fourth resistor RS connected in series 4 And a fourth capacitance CS 4 In parallel with the fourth npn triode T 4 Serving as a fourth IGBT gate S 4 Is of (2)And (5) punching a circuit. And, the first IGBT gate stage circuit S 1 And a second IGBT gate S 2 And the third IGBT gate stage S 3 And a fourth IGBT gate S 4 A resistor R is also connected between the connection points.
Similarly, the second leakage discharge circuit also comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit, the parallel circuit comprises two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprises two IGBT gate-level circuits connected in series, and each IGBT gate-level circuit comprises an npn triode and a diode. For the sake of brevity, the description is omitted.
Optionally, the second leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit, the parallel circuit comprises two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprises two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series in one parallel branch and a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits of the other parallel circuit, and each MOSFET switch circuit is further connected in parallel with a buffer circuit.
Optionally, the first leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit, the parallel circuit comprises two parallel branches, each parallel branch comprises two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits connected in series in one parallel branch and a connection point between the two MOSFET switch circuits of the other parallel circuit, and each MOSFET switch circuit is further connected in parallel with a buffer circuit.
Among them, the purpose of the electric leakage discharge circuit is to form a low-impedance current path that can shunt the leakage current through the human body. When the leakage discharging circuit does not work, all switching elements in the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention are disconnected, and current hardly flows through the leakage discharging circuit. When the leakage discharging circuit works, all the switching elements in the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention are disconnected, so that leakage current can flow through the leakage discharging circuit.
As shown in fig. 5, when the IGBT gate stage S 1 ～S 4 The disconnection, wherein the current path from point a to point B in fig. 5 would be in a high impedance state. Since each IGBT gate is connected in series with a diode, the capacitance of the leakage discharge circuit is limited by the diode. Such a circuit configuration limits leakage currents in states that eliminate the switching requirement with small parasitic capacitances. Resistor R is also used to limit the current. Therefore, silicon MOSFETs may also replace the gate level circuitry of silicon carbide.
When IGBT gate level circuit S 1 ～S 4 When closed, the current path from point a to point B in fig. 5 will be in a low impedance state, with the impedance being largely comprised of resistor R. Since the resistance R is lower than that of the human body, leakage current may be branched from the human body in advance when a ground fault occurs. Wherein, when the first gate stage circuit S1 and the fourth gate stage circuit S4 are closed, the leakage current is discharged through the path P1 shown in fig. 5, and when the second gate stage circuit S2 and the third gate stage circuit S3 are closed, the leakage current is discharged through the path P2 shown in fig. 5.
In order to verify the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the present invention, simulation is performed by simulating a ground fault. First, it is assumed that the ground fault resistance is 750 ohms, which is equal to the human body resistance, and that the ground fault occurs in the bus bar of the hybrid circuit breaker as shown in fig. 3 (c). Then detect the fault current i fault And the current flowing through the leakage discharge circuit, the simulation result is that compared with the prior art, the fault current i in the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention fault After 0.107s, it is reduced to 0.05A, while the fault current i of the prior art solid state circuit breaker is shown in FIG. 1 fault Reaching 0.4A. Meanwhile, the first leakage discharging circuit FLCC of the hybrid circuit breaker as shown in fig. 3 (c) 21 Only a few milliseconds of current need be taken up and the current value can pass through the first leakage discharge circuit FLCC 21 And the resistance of (c) changes. And, when the leakage discharge circuit is not operated, that is, before 0.105 seconds, the current value of the leakage discharge current is almost 0.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid circuit breaking method, wherein the hybrid circuit breaking method is performed in the hybrid circuit breaker provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and the hybrid circuit breaking method includes the steps of: when a ground fault occurs at a load end, opening the first leakage discharge circuit; and when the ground fault occurs at the power supply end, opening the second leakage discharging circuit.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid circuit breaker system, wherein the circuit breaker system includes the hybrid circuit breaker of the first aspect of the present invention, the hybrid circuit breaker system including: a processor; and a memory coupled with the processor, the memory having instructions stored therein that, when executed by the processor, cause the electronic device to perform actions comprising: when a ground fault occurs at a load end, opening the first leakage discharge circuit; and when the ground fault occurs at the power supply end, opening the second leakage discharging circuit.
When the ground fault occurs, the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention can discharge leakage current which possibly flows through a human body in advance, so that the danger of electric shock of the human body is avoided. In addition, the leakage discharging circuit in the hybrid circuit breaker is flexibly configured, can be integrated into the hybrid circuit breaker, and can be designed as a separate accessory element. The control logic of the leakage discharge circuit is very simple, the control signal is enough to control the leakage discharge circuit, the existing detection current is enough for the controller to determine the control logic of the leakage discharge circuit, and no extra signal is needed. The drain discharge circuit uses a silicon IGBT gate circuit or MOSFET, and therefore the cost is low.
In addition, when the leakage discharge circuit is turned on, a current loop that dominates the leakage current is established. In a normal condition, when the leakage discharge circuit is turned off, the impedance of the current is high, and therefore, almost no current flows through the leakage discharge circuit. When the leakage discharging circuit is closed, the switch and the diode in the hybrid circuit breaker provided by the invention enable the capacitance of each connection of the leakage discharging circuit to be controlled through the diode, so that the silicon MOSFET/IGBT can be utilized. The resistance of the drain discharge circuit limits the current flowing through the drain discharge circuit, which can relieve the current demand of each element.
While the present invention has been described in detail through the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the foregoing description is not to be considered as limiting the invention. Many modifications and substitutions of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims. Furthermore, any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claim concerned; the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those listed in any claim or the specification; the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to denote a name, and do not denote any particular order.
Claims (10)
1. A hybrid circuit breaker, comprising:
a power supply having two outputs;
a semiconductor circuit breaker having one end connected to an output terminal of the power supply;
an energy absorber connected in parallel with the semiconductor circuit breaker;
a first mechanical contact connected to the other end of the semiconductor circuit breaker;
a first leakage discharge circuit having one end connected between the semiconductor circuit breaker and the first mechanical contact, and the first leakage discharge circuit being connected in series to a protection line;
and one end of the second electric leakage discharging circuit is connected between the power supply and the semiconductor circuit breaker, and the second electric leakage discharging circuit is connected in series on the protection wire.
2. The hybrid circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein a first mechanical switch is further connected between the first leakage discharge circuit and the protection line.
3. The hybrid circuit breaker of claim 2, wherein a second mechanical switch is also connected between the second leakage discharge circuit and the protection line.
4. The hybrid circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the second leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit comprising two parallel branches, wherein each parallel branch comprises two series-connected IGBT gate stages, wherein the IGBT gate stages comprise an npn transistor, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between two IGBT gate stages of one parallel branch in series and a connection point between two IGBT gate stages of the other parallel circuit, and wherein the transistor of each IGBT gate stage is further connected in parallel with a snubber circuit.
5. The hybrid circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the second leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit comprising two parallel branches, wherein each parallel branch comprises two MOSFET switch circuits in series, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between two MOSFET switch circuits in series of one parallel branch and a connection point between two MOSFET switch circuits of the other parallel circuit, and wherein each of the MOSFET switch circuits is further connected in parallel with a snubber circuit.
6. The hybrid circuit breaker of claim 1, further comprising:
a second mechanical contact connected in series between the power source and the semiconductor circuit breaker,
wherein one end of a second electric leakage discharging circuit is connected between the semiconductor circuit breaker and the second mechanical contact.
7. The hybrid circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the first leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit comprising two parallel branches, wherein each parallel branch comprises two series-connected IGBT gate circuits, wherein the IGBT gate circuits comprise a transistor, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between two IGBT gate circuits of one parallel branch in series and a connection point between two IGBT gate circuits of the other parallel circuit, and wherein the transistor of each IGBT gate circuit is further connected in parallel with a snubber circuit.
8. The hybrid circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the first leakage discharge circuit comprises two circuit structures, wherein the circuit structure is a parallel circuit comprising two parallel branches, wherein each parallel branch comprises two MOSFET switch circuits in series, wherein a resistor is further connected between a connection point between two MOSFET switch circuits in series of one parallel branch and a connection point between two MOSFET switch circuits of the other parallel circuit, and wherein each of the MOSFET switch circuits is further connected in parallel with a snubber circuit.
9. Hybrid circuit breaking method, wherein the hybrid circuit breaking method is performed in the hybrid circuit breaker of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the hybrid circuit breaking method comprises the steps of:
when a ground fault occurs at a load end, opening the first leakage discharge circuit;
when a ground fault occurs at the power supply terminal, the second leakage discharge circuit is turned on.
10. A hybrid circuit breaking system, wherein the circuit breaking system comprises the hybrid circuit breaker of any one of claims 1 to 8, the hybrid circuit breaking system comprising:
a processor; and
a memory coupled with the processor, the memory having instructions stored therein that, when executed by the processor, cause the electronic device to perform actions comprising:
when a ground fault occurs at a load end, opening the first leakage discharge circuit;
and when the ground fault occurs at the power supply end, opening the second leakage discharging circuit.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2019/130683 WO2021134540A1 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Hybrid circuit breaker, hybrid circuit breaker system, and circuit breaking method |
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| CN114667656A CN114667656A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| CN114667656B true CN114667656B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114667656B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE112019007926T5 (en) |
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| CN113794188B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-09-19 | 国网河北省电力有限公司雄安新区供电公司 | Novel solid-state alternating current circuit breaker suitable for distribution network |
| CN114284986B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-03-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Ladder bridge type bipolar solid-state circuit breaker |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105529677A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-04-27 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Current-limiting solid-state circuit breaker for actively suppressing overvoltage and control method thereof |
| CN105552828A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Self-powered bidirectional direct-current solid-state circuitbreaker |
| CN106468752A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-01 | 武汉大学 | A kind of solid circuit breaker RCD buffer circuit being integrated with fault location function and trouble point checking method |
| CN106558865A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-04-05 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of modified cascade full-bridge high voltage DC breaker and its quick coincidence method |
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| KR101523352B1 (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-05-28 | 파스코이엔지(주) | Electron Vibrator |
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- 2019-12-31 DE DE112019007926.3T patent/DE112019007926T5/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106558865A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-04-05 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of modified cascade full-bridge high voltage DC breaker and its quick coincidence method |
| CN105529677A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-04-27 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Current-limiting solid-state circuit breaker for actively suppressing overvoltage and control method thereof |
| CN105552828A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Self-powered bidirectional direct-current solid-state circuitbreaker |
| CN106468752A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-01 | 武汉大学 | A kind of solid circuit breaker RCD buffer circuit being integrated with fault location function and trouble point checking method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2021134540A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 |
| DE112019007926T5 (en) | 2022-09-29 |
| CN114667656A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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